Mennat El Ghalid: How fungi recognize (and infect) plants
منه الغلید: قارچها چطور گیاهان را شناسایی (و آلوده) میکنند
Mennat El Ghalid research aims to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying fungal biology and pathogenicity. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
counting nearly four billion trees,
که حدود چهار میلیارد درخت بود،
by a fungal infection.
به طور کامل از بین رفت.
pathogens of plants,
بیماریزا در گیاهان هستند،
economic importance.
اهمیت بالایی دارند.
with fungal infection
per year, worldwide?
میلیاردها دلار تخمین زده میشود؟
to feed half a billion people.
برای تغذیه نیم میلیارد نفر است.
in developing countries,
for farmers and distributors,
برای کشاورزان و توزیعکنندگان،
poison produced by fungi.
سمی که توسط قارچها تولید میشود.
used to prevent and treat
برای پیشگیری و درمان
exploiting natural sources of resistance,
به کار بردن منابع طبیعی مقاومت،
treatment, among others,
در میان دیگران،
to develop more efficient strategies
روشهای پربازدهتری توسعه دهیم
to identify biological mechanisms
تا مکانیزمهای زیستی شناسایی شوند
by novel antifungal treatments.
ضدقارچی جدید قرار بگیرند.
is that they cannot move
که نمیتوانند حرکت کنند
to form a sophisticated network,
تا شبکهای پیچیده را شکل دهند،
the father of plant pathology,
پدر آسیبشناسی گیاهان،
that fungi are guided by signals
با سیگنالهایی هدایت میشوند
it can lodge and subsist,
و تغذیه مناسب باشد،
در آن مسیر رشد کنند
حمله کرده و گیاه را استعمار کنند.
of such signals
that then serves to elaborate strategy
که میتوان با آن روشی دقیق
between the fungus and the plant.
میان قارچ و گیاه ایجاد کرد.
method at that moment
this mechanism at the molecular level.
در سطح مولکولی شناسایی کند.
genomic approaches,
of directed hyphal growth,
that after 130 years,
عرض کنم بعد از ۱۳۰ سال،
could finally identify such plant signals
این سیگنالها را شناسایی کنیم
between a pathogenic fungus
میان یک قارچ بیماریزا
the tomato plant.
گیاه گوجه فرنگی، انجام شد.
receiving those signals
occurring within the fungus
درون قارچ را مشخص کنیم
toward the plant.
به سوی گیاه میشود.
of such molecular processes
novel antifungal treatments.
درمانهای ضدقارچ جدید استفاده شوند.
the fungus and the plant
which receives those signals.
دریافت میکنند.
agriculture crops.
کشاورزی را نابود کرده است.
is increasing significantly.
افزایش چشمگیری داشته است.
economic development,
به سوختهای زیستی است.
of the molecular mechanism
a fungus and its host plant,
towards developing more efficient strategy
در توسعه روشهایی با بازدهی بالاتر
that affect people's lives,
که زندگی مردم را تحت تاثیر قرار میدهد،
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mennat El Ghalid - MycologistMennat El Ghalid research aims to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying fungal biology and pathogenicity.
Why you should listen
Mycologist Mennat El Ghalid received an Initial Training Networks - Marie Skłodowska-Curie fellowship to pursue her PhD project in the Molecular Genetics of Fungal Pathogenicity Unit and the International Campus of Excellence in Agrifood CeiA3 at the Universidad de Cordoba (Spain). During her PhD, her former team and herself identified the compounds secreted from the plant roots attracting Fusarium oxysporum, a soilborne plant pathogenic fungus and characterized the underlying mechanisms of attraction. Such compounds were tracked since the 19th century. The discovery was published in the Nature Journal.
El Ghalid became a TED Fellow in 2017 and have been selected as one of the 100 women honorees for OkayAfrica's 2018 #OKAY100Women list for her dedicated work and for being a promising talent within the field of STEM. She is currently working at Institut Pasteur (France) in the Biology and Pathogenicity Unit to study Candida albicans, an opportunistic pathogenic fungus and the main cause of fungal infections in immunocompromised humans.
Mennat El Ghalid | Speaker | TED.com