Erez Yoeli: How to motivate people to do good for others
Ерез Йооли: Как да мотивираме останалите да правят добрини
Erez Yoeli's research focuses on altruism: understanding how it works and how to promote it. Full bio
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добрини,
give to charity, conserve resources,
пестят ресурси,
as washing their mugs at work
да си измият чашата в работата,
always full of dirty dishes?
препълнена с мръсни съдове?
working on this problem,
над този проблем
that prevents blackouts
която предотвратява внезапни спирания на тока
през пикови часове.
on a tried-and-true technology.
технология.
administration even called
на Обама нарече
America's electrical grid."
Американска електрическа мрежа".
great technological solutions,
технологични решения
the power company sent them a nice letter,
компанията им изпрати писма,
all the program's benefits,
звъннат на гореща линия.
into a hotline if they were interested.
we suggested one small change.
малка промяна,
that they'd post near the mailboxes
да се залепят близо до пощенските кутии
about what others think of them,
от това какво мислят другите за тях,
as generous and kind,
като щедри и добри,
being seen as selfish or a mooch.
егоисти и лентяи.
this is a big part of why people do good,
в голяма степен част защо хората правят добро
more credit for doing good,
един,
a really big difference.
нещо голямо.
switching from a hotline,
линия,
about your good deed,
твоите добри намерения и деяния,
can see your name.
може да види твоето име.
nonprofits, companies,
НПО-та, компании,
to do more good,
правят повече добрини,
the first item on that checklist.
от този списък.
about good deeds.
добрите деяние на останалите.
some of you are probably thinking,
си мислят,
добри дела,
I'm getting credit for my good deed,
decisions in private,
решение,
собствени проблеми,
как да си платят сметките навреме.
or how to pay their bills on time.
their decision more observable,
забележими,
to the opportunity to do good.
често.
so powerful about our approach
people's existing desire to do good,
хората да имат желание за добрини,
to prevent a blackout.
внезапното спиране на тока.
своя глас,
of thousands of letters every election
писма на всички избори, за да
to motivate them to go to the polls.
да отидат и да гласуват.
the following sentence:
изречение:
about your experience at the polls."
как са минали за Вас изборите."
more observable when you go to the polls,
отидете на изборите -
of the letter by 50 percent.
the cost of getting an additional vote
разходите за получаване на допълнителен вот
to donate blood more frequently
on local newsletters,
местни вестници,
навреме,
on a public website.
уеб сайт.
to buy a more fuel-efficient car
която пести гориво,
...
was observable from a mile away.
да направят добро.
asking for money on the sidewalk
някакви пари
and look really busy,
заети
заобикалят кутията за дарения.
waltz right on by the donation box.
and there's a Salvation Army volunteer,
доброволец на "Армия на спасението"
Сан Диего
from the Salvation Army
"Армия на спасението",
даренията.
stood in front of just one door,
на само една врата,
by going out the other door.
другата врата.
"Oh, I didn't see the volunteer,"
аз не съм видял доброволеца" или
something from over there,"
to the second item on our checklist:
нашия списък:
standing in front of both doors,
да стоиш и на двете врати,
were out in the parking lot,
as they came in and out of the store,
от магазина,
стояха пред вратите,
stood in front of both doors,
out of the store at all.
so they decided to look into it further,
започнаха да проучват повече,
was actually a third, smaller utility door
врата,
боклука --
in order to avoid the volunteers.
за да заобиколят доброволците.
an important lesson though.
we need to be very thorough,
оправданията, трябва да сме последователни,
really creative in making them.
в тяхното създаване.
deadly consequences.
смъртоносни последствия.
deadliest infectious disease has a cure,
заболяване има лек,
almost every time?
we've got the solution.
тока, и тук има решение.
get other people sick.
we've been collaborating
called Keheala
as they undergo treatment.
докато са в процес на лечение.
TB treatment, it's really tough.
много тежко.
a really strong antibiotic
продължение на 6 или повече месеца.
that it will make you feel sick.
кара да се чувствате болни.
върти свят.
цветове.
you have to go back to the clinic
клиниката
лекарства,
in order to get more pills,
or other places where TB is common,
където туберкулозата е често срещана,
about going someplace pretty far,
a half day off of work every week
ден от работа всяка седмица
да изгубите.
can't afford to lose.
that there's a terrible stigma,
и стигмата за заболяванията,
to find that you have the disease.
са от жени,
are actually from women
често срещано, казват, че
domestic violence can be kind of common,
hide it from their husbands
не видят,
that people don't complete treatment.
не си довършват лечението.
към лечението?
to remind them to take their medication,
припомняйки им да си взимат лекарствата,
забравих -
but then I totally forgot,
and I just forgot about it."
пациенти
that they've taken their medication.
че са си пили лекарствата.
we text them yet again.
they still haven't verified,
са се вписали,
подкрепят,
лекарствата им.
uses all sorts of behavioral techniques,
всички видове поведенчески техники,
probably noticed, observability,
забелязали, наблюдателност -
нашата платформа,
not to complete treatment.
завършат лечението си.
you need to be aware of.
сме наясно.
or Japan or London,
пък в Япония, или Лондон,
on the right-hand side of the escalator
дясната страна на ескалатора,
not everywhere is that the norm,
норма
от двете страни
where you can just stand on both sides
and let them go by,
to do that some places.
места.
are really sensitive to cues
чувствителни към насоки за това,
in a particular situation,
само в определена ситуация,
and final item on our checklist:
нашия списък:
to communicate expectations;
очакванията;
нещо добро в момента."
is doing the good deed."
sends people in their electricity bill
ток изпраща на хората и
their energy consumption
им на електричество
със сходни размери.
with similarly sized homes.
neighbors are using less electricity,
използват по-малко електричество,
to get people to vote or give to charity
подканят хората да гласуват или даряват,
хотелите.
to communicate expectations;
just at the right time.
време."
of turning off the lights
into an environmental contribution.
lots of different ways to do this,
се постигне,
with important social consequences,
социална значимост
to motivate people to do more good.
да правят повече добро.
can help you with this.
помогнат за това.
that you raise additional funds
допълнителни пари
технология.
any more fancy technologies.
роля има репутацията,
eliminating excuses
премахвайки оправданията
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Erez Yoeli - Research scientistErez Yoeli's research focuses on altruism: understanding how it works and how to promote it.
Why you should listen
Erez (pronounced ‘EH-rez’) Yoeli is a research scientist at MIT's Sloan School of Management, where he directs the Applied Cooperation Team. His research focuses on altruism: understanding how it works and how to promote it. He collaborates with governments, nonprofits and companies to apply these insights to address real-world challenges like increasing energy conservation, improving antibiotic adherence, reducing smoking in public places and promoting philanthropy.
Yoeli teaches the undergraduate Game Theory course at Harvard and regularly publishes theoretical and applied academic research articles. He shares his research highlights through frequent talks and featured articles in the New York Times, The Economist, Quartz and Behavioral Scientist. His research has also been profiled nationally and internationally in publications like TIME and Huffington Post.
Yoeli received his PhD in economics from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Before founding the Applied Cooperation Team, he was an economist at the US Federal Trade Commission and served as an expert witness in cases against companies that defrauded consumers. In an earlier, "pre-economist" life, he was a classical percussionist. He enjoys spicy food, hiking and spending time with his two very cuddly cats.
Erez Yoeli | Speaker | TED.com