Peter Calthorpe: 7 principles for building better cities
Peter Calthorpe: Siete principios para construir mejores ciudades
Through his writing and his realized projects, Peter Calthorpe has spread the vision of New Urbanism, a framework for creating sustainable, human-scaled places. Full bio
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de la situación actual.
for climate change,
resolviendo el cambio climático,
para 3000 millones de personas.
for three billion people.
of the urban environment.
del ambiente urbano.
dudo de que las soluciones climáticas
in the world will save mankind,
on how we shape our cities:
damos forma a nuestras ciudades.
nuestra vitalidad económica,
a las ciudades es una manifestación
is a manifestation
creo, el orden del día.
can help us solve climate change,
puede ayudarnos con el cambio climático
to be driving the problem.
el que parece generar el problema.
and oil companies.
y las compañías petroleras.
and I'll be upfront about that.
y voy a ser franco acerca de esto.
el tipo de expansión que se cree
you think of, or many people think of,
en la periferia del área metropolitana.
of the metropolitan area.
anywhere, at any density.
en cualquier lugar, a cualquier densidad.
is that it isolates people.
es que aísla a las personas.
into economic enclaves
en enclaves económicos
de las ciudades excelentes lugares
what we all need to be thinking about,
es en lo que debemos pensar
en proyectos de construcción masiva.
this massive construction project.
para el estado de California
for the state of California
de las emisiones de carbono.
with reducing carbon emissions.
sobre cómo podría crecer el estado
for how the state could grow,
overly simplified one.
prototipos de desarrollo
10 millones de personas nuevas
through the year 2050,
in our state of California.
shopping malls, subdivisions,
subdivisiones, parques.
not everybody moving to the city,
no todos se trasladaban a la ciudad,
as streetcar suburbs,
mixed-used environments.
por la escala de la diferencia
for the scale of the difference
de crear ciudades
in our city-making habit
representa un grupo de interés especial.
a special interest group,
that used to advocate for their concerns
que solía abogar por sus preocupaciones
el "cobeneficio" de la forma urbana
"co-benefits" of urban form
preocupados por esto,
concerned about this,
quieren espacios abiertos cerca.
that want open space nearby.
casi duplica la huella física urbana.
physical footprint.
enormes ahorros,
de carbono proviene de los automóviles
carbon emission comes from cars,
que no dependen tanto de los coches
on cars as much
that's what I was just talking about.
es de lo que estaba hablando.
en 16 000 km por hogar por año,
per household per year,
in the mid-26,000 per household,
en la calidad del aire y el carbono
not just on air quality and carbon
por mantenerse firme.
how do you fix it once we broke it --
lo que ya se descompuso,
nuestros pies y bicicletas?
de los tipos de ciudades que conformamos.
of cities that we shape.
industry running amok.
too many of the wrong kind of housing:
tipos de vivienda equivocadas.
una sola familia, distante,
de clase media promedio
middle-class family to afford
para su estilo de vida.
to their lifestyle anymore.
and get it sold.
el financiamiento y venderlo.
la media es USD 50 000,
the median is 50,000 --
y costos de servicios públicos.
que a menudo se sientan en sus silos
who often sit off in their silos
separate from the politicians,
separados de los políticos,
is what really brings about the change.
of bonds for transit
desirable land, the strip,
what you think of as an oxymoron,
everything isolated in superblocks,
that was just spoken to.
in China now is spent
of Chinese cities is robust.
de pequeñas tiendas,
que interactuaban con los vecinos.
interacting with your neighbors.
5,000 units in them,
5000 unidades por bloque,
because nobody knows anybody else.
a sidewalk, no ground floor shops --
ni tiendas de planta baja...
here in one of the superblocks
en uno de los superbloques
shops in their garages
tiendas ilegales en sus garajes
of local service economy.
tipo de economía local.
to get it right is there.
de hacer lo correcto existe.
on board and the politicians.
a los arquitectos y políticos.
de 30 millones de habitantes.
the alternative to sprawl
para la expansión
million people.
is a walking radius
está no muy lejos
y metrobús.
called for green space
requieren más espacios verdes
ecological features.
importantes ecológicas.
are auto-free streets.
son solo peatonales.
leveling the site
toda la zona con excavadora
that really wasn't normative in China
que no era estándar en China
hay pequeños bloques
I dearly love.
tiene automóvil,
of our streets to cars?
de nuestras calles a los autos?
este espacio a un 70 %,
could move well for them,
so they could bike?
cities would function better.
funcionarían mejor.
they build in Beijing,
se construyan en Beijing,
complete gridlock.
mixed use along the edge.
con usos mixtos en cada lado.
autonomous vehicles,
sean de conducción autónoma,
to talk about that later.
les hable de eso más tarde.
that have now been adopted
in the Chinese government,
I think, universal principles.
the natural environment, the history
el medioambiente, la historia
but when I say mixed,
pero para mí eso significa:
de edades distintas
that you don't enjoy walking in.
en la que no disfrutemos de caminar.
are places you can walk.
para poder pasear.
means of transportation we know.
más eficiente que conocemos.
that put six meters of bike lane
a favor de las ciclovías de 6 metros
to their biking history.
a su historia ciclista.
that allows many routes
proporciona muchas rutas
instead of just one.
tipos de calles en lugar de uno.
en transporte público.
going to solve this for us.
no nos solucionarán las cosas.
to generate more traffic, more VMT,
más kilómetros-vehículo recorridos
based on transit
según el transporte público
de carreteras.
have to get reconnected
tienen que estar unidos
the structure of the city.
these changes are well accepted.
se acepten muy bien estos cambios.
el mundo lo entiende.
we can bring to bear now
que se puede realizar actualmente
political coalitions
the kinds of communities we all need.
que todos necesitamos
autonomous driving, self-driving cars.
de conducción autónoma.
are very excited about them.
or issues about them?
al respecto?
there's almost too much hype here.
demasiada publicidad aquí.
we're going to get rid of a lot of cars.
que nos desharemos de muchos autos.
to get a lot more vehicle miles.
se harán más kilómetros
cars moving on streets.
por las calles.
uno lee o duerme.
people will travel greater distances.
viajaremos distancias más largas.
de camino al trabajo,
that people won't share them.
revela que la gente no los compartirá.
increase in vehicle miles traveled.
en kilómetros-vehículo recorridos.
a 30 percent increase in VMT.
de kilómetros recorridos.
having multiple people riding at once
que vaya mucha gente a la vez
que nadie lo conduzca.
without a steering wheel.
del vehículo... se puede
of vehicles -- you can do it
it doesn't matter.
that are going to be efficient electric,
de gran eficiencia,
andar en bici y transitar
is that walking, biking and transit
y comunidades prosperan.
in their private bubbles,
to McDonald's to pick up a pack
que vaya a recoger un paquete a McDonalds
kind of random errands
and I have to say, the images you showed
que las imágenes que mostró
son muy inspiradoras y hermosas.
were really inspiring, really beautiful.
CA: Gracias por su trabajo.
CA: Thank you for your work.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Peter Calthorpe - Urban designerThrough his writing and his realized projects, Peter Calthorpe has spread the vision of New Urbanism, a framework for creating sustainable, human-scaled places.
Why you should listen
Peter Calthorpe’s 30-year design practice is informed by the idea that successful places -- whether neighborhoods, towns, urban districts or metropolitan regions -- must be diverse in uses and users, must be scaled to the pedestrian and human interaction, and must be environmentally sustainable.
In the early 1990s, Calthorpe developed the concept of Transit Oriented Development (described in his book The Next American Metropolis: Ecology, Community and the American Dream) -- an idea that is now the foundation of many regional policies and city plans around the world. His 2010 book is Urbanism in the Age of Climate Change. Calthorpe Associates' work in Europe, Asia and the Middle East has demonstrated that community design with a focus on sustainability and scale can be adapted throughout the globe. His current work throughout China is focused on developing standards and examples of Low Carbon Cities in Beijing, Chongqing, Kunming, Zhuhai, Jinan and other major cities.
Peter Calthorpe | Speaker | TED.com