Prosanta Chakrabarty: Clues to prehistoric times, found in blind cavefish
Prosanta Chakrabarty: Őskori nyomokat rejt a barlangi vakhal
Prosanta Chakrabarty studies fish to help explain the evolution of human beings and our planet. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
az egyetlen olyan "ology",
"you only live once,"
"Csak Egyszer Élünk,"
what I always dreamt of doing:
mindig is álmodtam:
and discovering new species.
és új fajokat felfedezni.
on caves for finding new species.
fókuszáltam új fajok felfedezése kapcsán.
cavefish species out there.
barlangi halfajta létezik.
a lot about biology and geology.
a barlangi halaktól sokat tanulhatok.
around them have changed and moved
és mozgott a körülöttük lévő földtömeg,
mélyedésekben ragadtak,
the evolution of sight, by being blind.
megtudhatok, mivel vakok.
that are essentially the same as ours.
ami alapvetően olyan, mint a miénk.
a fish species starts to adapt
és valahányszor alkalmazkodnak
barlangi környezethez,
they lose their eyes and their eyesight
elvesztik szemüket és látásukat,
cavefish like this one here.
barlangi hallá változnak, mint ez itt.
has evolved in a slightly different way,
eltérő módon fejlődött,
and biological story to tell us,
történetet hordoz,
when we find a new species.
egy új faj felfedezése.
we described, from southern Indiana.
Dél-Indianában fedeztünk fel.
the Hoosier cavefish.
avagy a Hoosier barlangi hal.
are cavefishes in Kentucky,
kentuckyi barlangi halak,
when the Ohio River split them
választotta ketté,
these subtle differences
ezek az apró eltérések
behind their blindness.
ami a vaksághoz vezetett.
that's super-critical for sight.
ami nélkülözhetetlen a látáshoz.
ahogy ezek a fajok is,
all function in that gene,
génje ezen képességét,
natural experiment
behind our vision,
a látószervünk génjeit
about deep geological time,
is sokat elárulnak,
than in this species here.
we described from Madagascar
Madagaszkáron találtuk,
nevet adtuk neki,
"nagy betegség",
to collect this species.
jól lebetegedtünk.
full of dead things
víznyelőkben úszkálni
be doing with your life,
legokosabb döntése,
that it tried to kill us,
megölt minket, imádom ezt a halfajt,
this species in Madagascar,
are 6,000 kilometers away,
6000 kilométerre található,
freshwater cavefish
édesvízi barlangi hal
the DNA of these species
a két faj DNS-ét,
for more than 100 million years,
100 millió éve kettéváltak,
continents were last together.
amikor a déli kontinens még egyben volt.
didn't move at all.
amivel meghatároztuk
these ancient geological events.
pontos idejét és dátumát.
to tell you its name yet,
it's a new species from Mexico,
Mexikóban őshonos,
the only known cave system it's from
amelyből származott,
amikor a közelében megépült egy gát.
this species' closest relative, yet.
még nem sikerült feltérképeznünk.
anything else in Mexico,
hogy nem Mexikóban kell keresnünk,
something new about the geology
biztosan sok új információval szolgál majd
of how to better diagnose
és segíti a vakság egyes típusainak
before it goes extinct too.
felfedeznünk ezt a fajt.
azzal fogom tölteni,
trying to discover and save
felderítsem és megmentsem
barlangi vakhalakat,
about the geology of the planet
bolygónk geológiáját
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Prosanta Chakrabarty - IchthyologistProsanta Chakrabarty studies fish to help explain the evolution of human beings and our planet.
Why you should listen
Dr. Prosanta Chakrabarty is an Associate Professor and Curator of Fishes at the Museum of Natural Science and Department of Biological Science at Louisiana State University.
Chakrabarty is a systematist and an ichthyologist studying the evolution and biogeography of both freshwater and marine fishes. His work includes studies of Neotropical (Central and South America, Caribbean) and Indo-West Pacific (Indian and Western Pacific Ocean) fishes. His natural history collecting efforts include trips to Japan, Australia, Taiwan, Madagascar, Panama, Kuwait and many other countries. He has discovered over a dozen new species including new anglerfishes and cavefishes.
The LSU Museum of Natural Science fish collection that Chakrabarty oversees includes nearly half a million fish specimens and nearly 10,000 DNA samples covering most major groups of fishes. He earned his PhD at the University of Michigan and his undergraduate degree is from McGill University in Montreal. He has written two books including A Guide to Academia: Getting into and Surviving Grad School, Postdocs and a Research Job. He is also a former Program Director at the National Science Foundation. He was named a TED Fellow in 2016 and a TED Senior Fellow in 2018.
Prosanta Chakrabarty | Speaker | TED.com