Nancy Rabalais: The "dead zone" of the Gulf of Mexico
Nancy Rabalais: "Zona mati" di Teluk Meksiko
Nancy Rabalais has studied coastal marine ecosystems for more than 40 years now and loves to share that knowledge. Full bio
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selamat datang ke New Orleans.
of one of the largest rivers in the world:
salah satu sungai terbesar di dunia:
as the state of Minnesota,
ke utara hingga negara bagian Minnesota,
mil sungai (160 km),
into the Gulf of Mexico.
dan sedimennya ke Teluk Meksiko.
to what is in that water.
apa yang ada di dalam air itu.
molecules, nitrogen and phosphorus.
terlarut, nitrogen, dan fosfor.
of areas called dead zones.
area bernama zona mati.
called phytoplankton.
tanaman mikroskopik bernama fitoplankton.
eat the phytoplankton,
memakan fitoplankton,
large fish eat the small fish
ikan besar memakan ikan kecil
nitrogen and phosphorus right now,
terlalu banyak sekarang,
falling to the bottom
yang jatuh ke dasar
that use up the oxygen.
yang menggunakan oksigennya.
from the surface of the water,
dari permukaan air,
dari pencitraan satelit,
dapat memberitahu Anda,
and drags for 20 minutes
dan diseret selama 20 menit
if this area is 8,000 square miles big?
jika area ini seluas 20.000 km persegi?
negara bagian New Jersey.
a decision to go further,
untuk pergi lebih jauh,
to high-tech equipment
saya mempunyai akses ke peralatan canggih
of the research vessel,
di sisi kapal penelitian,
and many more things.
dan banyak hal lain.
all the way to Texas,
hingga Texas,
every now and then and test their waters.
ke Texas untuk menguji airnya.
dari oksigen di bawah --
of everything that's less than two,
semuanya yang kurang dari dua,
for when the fish start to leave the area.
mulai meninggalkan tempat itu.
that we have to deploy offshore
yang harus kami gunakan di lepas pantai
of low oxygen or high oxygen.
kontinu oksigen rendah atau tinggi.
there's a lot of fish.
ada banyak ikan.
the barracuda that I saw one day.
barakuda yang saya lihat suatu hari.
and I went this way with my camera.
saya pergi ke arah ini dengan kamera saya.
you start to see fewer fish.
Anda mulai melihat lebih sedikit ikan.
there's no life swimming around.
tidak ada kehidupan yang berenang-renang.
between the middle of the United States
antara tengah-tengah Amerika
adalah lahan pertanian.
and the phosphorus goes on the land
dan fosfor di darat
nitrogen in the water
ada tiga kali lebih nitrogen
and more sinking sails and lower oxygen.
lebih banyak fitoplankton,
dan kekurangan oksigen.
it's been caused by human activities.
ini diakibatkan oleh perbuatan manusia.
and prairie potholes
padang rumput, dan hutan
berubah menjadi tanaman baris.
this type of agriculture
untuk pertanian jenis ini
maybe precision fertilizing.
kimia, dan mungkin pemupukan presisi.
pertanian berkelanjutan
which has much longer roots
yang jauh lebih panjang
and keep the soil from running off.
menjaga agar tanahnya tetap di tempatnya.
our neighbors to the north,
tetangga kita di utara,
with water quality in the Gulf of Mexico?
masalah kualitas air di Teluk Meksiko?
mereka ke halaman belakang mereka.
to their own backyard.
in Wisconsin in the summer
di Wisconsin pada musim panas
and smells like it,
yang tumpah, dan berbau sepertinya,
couple of summers ago
beberapa musim panas yang lalu
of this blue-green algae
dari alga biru-hijau ini
couldn't use it for their drinking water
mengunakannya untuk air minum mereka
are having trouble with drinking water.
mempunyai masalah dengan air minum mereka.
Anda dapat melihat itu.
I publish my results,
saya menerbitkan hasil saya,
I get citations of my work.
saya mendapat kutipan dari karya saya.
sebagai seorang ilmuwan,
to do the research,
riset menggunakan dana federal,
dengan mereka
hopefully to make better decisions
untuk membuat keputusan lebih baik
is I brought in the media.
adalah saya membawa media.
from the "Washington Post"
dari "the Washington Post"
two inches above the fold.
5 cm di atas lipatan.
the Gulf of Mexico looks like?"
Teluk Meksiko seperti itu?"
there's the proof."
"Ya, Anda tahu, itu buktinya."
sesuatu tentangnya.
Senator Olympia Snowe from Maine
Senator Olympia Snowe dari Maine
algal blooms in the Gulf of Maine.
mekar alga berbahaya di Teluk Maine.
congressional testimony,
memberi kesaksian kongres
kepiting di seluruh Texas selatan,
is chase crabs around south Texas,
Mekar Alga Berbahaya
and Control Act of 1998.
the Snowe-Breaux Bill.
Snowe-Breaux Bill.
that we had a conference in 2001
mengadakan konferensi pada tahun 2001
the National Academy of Sciences
Akademi Sains Nasional
nitrogen and poor water quality.
nitrogen, dan kualitas air rendah.
was the former governor
adalah mantan gubernur
when she peered at the audience,
tidak serius ketika dia menatap penonton,
"Surely she's looking at me."
"Pasti beliau melihat ke saya."
of this thing being called New Jersey.
hal ini yang disebut New Jersey.
Saya hanya tidak ingin mendengarnya lagi."
I just don't want to hear it anymore."
menggerakkan rencana aksi
makan kepada dunia.
kepada ayam, babi, sapi,
lebih baik daripada ini.
kami kepada nitrogen.
your nitrogen footprint.
mengurangi jejak nitrogen.
memakan sedikit daging --
sekali-sekali --
every now and then --
nonethanol gas in
bisa isi dengan bensin nonethanol
jarak tempuh yang lebih baik.
that can make a difference.
dapat membuat perbedaan.
especially in the Midwest --
khususnya di Barat Tengah --
and how you can make a difference.
memperlakukan tanah Anda
langkah yang sangat kecil.
of agriculture in the US
jenis pertanian di AS
and social will for that to happen.
dan sosial agar dapat terjadi.
we can translate the science,
dapat menerjemahkan sainsnya,
a difference in our environment.
membuat perbedaan di lingkungan kita.
bekerja sama untuk melakukan ini
these dead zones in the Gulf of Mexico.
zona mati di Teluk Meksiko lagi.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nancy Rabalais - Marine scientist, educatorNancy Rabalais has studied coastal marine ecosystems for more than 40 years now and loves to share that knowledge.
Why you should listen
Nancy Rabalais has worked in Louisiana ever since she got her PhD in 1983, studying aspects of marine ecology relevant to environmental health. As she writes: "I work on areas called 'dead zones' that are coastal waters lacking in oxygen in which animals such as fish, shrimp and crabs cannot live. I am also, since 2011, studying the long-term effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on coastal waters and Louisiana wetlands.
"I fell in love with biology in the 8th grade and then marine biology in college. My education was not quite the typical 'academic' training. I worked my way through college, beginning at a two-year college, a regional university for my BS and MS, then worked at the University of Texas Marine Science Institute in Port Aransas, Texas, for three years. My desire for further education sent me back to work on my PhD at The University of Texas at Austin. My first job as a PhD was at the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, starting in 1983. I am now a professor and Shell Endowed Chair of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences at Louisiana State University."
Nancy Rabalais | Speaker | TED.com