Shohini Ghose: Quantum computing explained in 10 minutes
쇼히니 고스(Shohini Ghose): 10분 만에 배우는 양자 컴퓨터
Shohini Ghose explores the strange quantum world of atoms and photons to understand the fundamental laws of the universe and harness them for quantum computing and communication -- and works to make science accessible and inclusive for people of all genders and backgrounds. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
있다고 상상해보세요.
on one of the casino's computers,
게임을 해 보기로 합니다.
solitaire or chess.
in the game, just like a human player.
게임을 하잖아요.
to flip the coin or not,
선택할 수 있고
to your opponent, the computer.
상대방인 컴퓨터는 알지 못하죠.
and can flip the coin or not,
뒤집을지 말지 선택하고
and the coin is fair,
동전에도 이상이 없다면
of winning this game.
this game on our computers,
그 게임을 해보라고 했어요.
being 50 percent, or close to 50 percent,
아니 50% 가깝게요.
on a quantum computer?
양자컴퓨터라면 어떨까요?
do not have quantum computers,
양자컴퓨터가 없는데,
a working quantum computer.
양자컴퓨터를 만들었어요.
and fundamental particles,
of these particles,
조절하며 작동하는데
from our regular computers.
완전히 차원이 다르죠.
is not just a more powerful version
성능만 더해진 것이 아닙니다.
is not a more powerful candle.
전구와 같은 수 없는 것처럼요.
by building better and better candles.
전구가 되진 않잖아요.
바탕이 됩니다.
is a new kind of device,
새로운 종류의 기기입니다.
transformed society,
have the potential to impact
우리 삶의 많은 부분을
our health care and even the internet.
are working to build these devices,
그 개발을 위해 애쓰고 있는데
the excitement is all about,
알아보기 위해
quantum computer from right here,
양자컴퓨터에 접속해서
getting an email ahead of time, from TED,
이메일 하나를 기억하실텐데요.
to flip the coin or not,
선택하라는 거였죠.
between a circle or a square.
하나를 고르라고 했죠.
of circle meant "flip the coin,"
원은 "동전을 뒤집는다"이고
was "don't flip."
정해 뒀어요.
against the quantum computer
게임을 372번 할 수 있었죠.
결과가 별로 좋지 않네요.
almost every game.
of operational errors in the computer.
this amazing winning streak?
quantum physics in action.
heads or tails of a coin as a bit,
비트로 인식합니다.
inside your computer chip.
켰다 껐다 하는 식입니다.
is completely different.
nonbinary identity.
이진법이 적용되지 않죠.
or a combination of zero and one,
동시에 가질 수 있어요.
and some probability of being one.
its identity is on a spectrum.
그 정체를 알 수 없습니다.
a 70 percent chance of being zero
on precise values of zero and one
감안해야 하는 것입니다.
this fluid combination of heads and tails,
유동적 조합을 만듭니다.
a mixture of two fluids.
섞어 젓는 것과 같은데요.
the fluids remain in a mixture,
액체는 섞인 채로 있으니까요.
can unmix the zero and one,
so that you lose every time.
여러분은 매번 지게 됩니다.
you are absolutely right.
지극히 정상입니다.
in combinations of heads and tails.
동시에 볼 수 없잖아요.
this fluid quantum reality
quantum strangeness,
effects in action.
superposition and uncertainty,
future quantum technologies.
of potential applications
양자의 세 가지 잠재적 응용은
could be used to create private keys
메시지 전송을 암호화하는
sent from one location to another
사용할 수 있습니다.
secretly copy the key perfectly,
복제할 수 없는 건
the laws of quantum physics
is already being tested by banks
이미 시험 운영되고 있습니다.
connected devices globally.
전 세계에 걸쳐 서로 연결돼 있죠.
could have in the future.
영향을 상상해보세요.
transform health care and medicine.
변화시킬 수 있습니다.
of molecules for drug development
분자의 설계와 분석은
exactly describing and calculating
of all the atoms in the molecule
기술하고 계산하는 건
even for our supercomputers.
아주 까다롭기 때문이죠.
보다 쉽게 처리할 수 있습니다.
the same quantum properties
양자의 특성이
동일하기 때문입니다.
simulations for drug development
대규모 양자 시뮬레이션을 통해
for diseases like Alzheimer's,
quantum application
양자 응용분야인데요.
from one location to another
정보를 순간이동시키는 거죠.
the information.
of the quantum particles
something about one particle,
다른 입자들도 영향을 받는 식으로
a channel for teleportation.
in research labs
of a future quantum internet.
실현할 수도 있습니다.
아직 존재하지 않지만
on these possibilities,
연구하고 있어요.
on a quantum computer.
시험 가동해 보면서요.
some interesting new protocols
통신체계를 설계해 구현해 봤죠.
among different users in the network
정보의 순간이동,
being a quantum physicist.
정말 잘했단 생각이 들어요.
in a quantum wonderland.
탐험할 수 있잖아요.
we will discover next.
just to build quantum computers.
도구로만 생각하진 않아요.
for us to probe the mysteries of nature
우리가 자연의 신비를 탐구하고
보여줄 도구로 생각하죠.
outside of our experiences.
access to the universe,
볼 수 있게 되었습니다.
and our ingenuity.
그걸 가능케 했죠.
interesting and surprising it is.
우리에게 보여주고 있습니다.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Shohini Ghose - Quantum physicist, equity advocateShohini Ghose explores the strange quantum world of atoms and photons to understand the fundamental laws of the universe and harness them for quantum computing and communication -- and works to make science accessible and inclusive for people of all genders and backgrounds.
Why you should listen
As Shohini Ghose writes: "I've always wanted to be an explorer. As a girl I was inspired by Rakesh Sharma, the first Indian to go to space. I haven't made it to space yet, but I did become an explorer of a strange and exciting new world -- the quantum world of microscopic particles such as electrons and photons. I'm a theoretical physicist who examines how the laws of quantum physics can be harnessed to transform computation and communication. My colleagues and I made the first-ever observations of cesium atoms that demonstrated a connection between chaos theory and quantum entanglement.
"The activist in me questions why only three women have ever won the Nobel Prize in physics. I am passionate about addressing gender issues in science and recently founded the Laurier Centre for Women in Science, the first centre of its kind in Canada. I also work to create a vibrant and inclusive physics community in Canada as the vice president of the Canadian Association of Physicists. I love teaching and have co-authored Canada's largest selling introductory astronomy textbook."
Shohini Ghose | Speaker | TED.com