Deepa Narayan: 7 beliefs that can silence women -- and how to unlearn them
दीपा नारायण: मुलींचा आवाज दाबणाऱ्या सात सवयी नष्ट कशा कराव्यात.
Deepa Narayan is an international advisor on poverty, gender and development with more than 25 years of experience working at the World Bank, the UN and NGOs. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
should be seen, not heard."
मुलींनी छान दिसावं. बोलू नये.
to silence girls right from childhood,
अगदी बालपणापासून,
a true champion of the female voice,
स्त्रीशक्तीच्या खऱ्याखुऱ्या पुरस्कर्त्या.
आणि देशविदेशांतील
in India and the world over.
या विषयांबद्दलच्या सल्लागार.
सांस्कृतिक गुप्तहेर म्हणवतात.
renowned social scientist and author
जोरदार स्वागत करू.
of every loving parent
वाटतं, की
संगोपन करावं.
and crush their girls.
त्यांना चिरडून टाकतात.
and authority over the world.
जगावर सत्ता गाजवा. ताकद दाखवा.
gender equality and women's empowerment.
आणि महिलांचं सक्षमीकरण याबद्दल बोलत असतो.
in a moving bus in Delhi,
घडलेल्या सामूहिक बलात्कारानंतर
the roots of abuse.
गरज वाटू लागली.
a very simple question:
to be a good woman or a good man today?
चांगला पुरुष असणं, म्हणजे काय?
तरुण पिढीच्या उत्तरांचं,
that young people gave,
and it took over my life.
त्याने माझं आयुष्य व्यापून टाकलं.
to over 600 women, men and children,
आणि मुलांशी बोलले.
to make sense of it.
आणखी एक वर्ष लागलं.
women like many of you in this room,
सुरेख पोषाखातल्या स्त्रिया पाहतो.
मीही दिसते, तशाच.
are extremely misleading,
दिशाभूल करणारे आहेत.
we have not changed.
झालेलेच नाहीत.
to talk about poor people.
गरिबांविषयी बोलणार नाही.
the middle and upper classes,
बोलणार आहे.
डोळेझाक करतो.
over and over again
त्या सक्षम होतील, मुक्त होतील.
सात सवयी सापडल्या आहेत.
anything that's good and moral?
कशाला बदलेल, किंवा सोडून देईल?
is to make her body disappear,
म्हणजे तिचं शरीर नाहीसं करणं.
spoke about the body, never."
बोलत नाही. कधीच नाही."
get sexually molested,
त्याबद्दल सांगत नाहीत.
saying that they dislike their bodies.
आवडेनासं होतं.
my mother used to scold me and say,
and never answer back.
उलट उत्तरं देऊ नकोस.
and they withdraw.
कोणी गळ्यावर टाच लावून
व्यक्तिमत्त्वाचे तुकडे पडतात.
who always smiles,
I don't feel good.'"
मला काही बरं वाटत नाही."
than your happiness.
माझा आनंद जास्त महत्त्वाचा आहे.
to make everyone happy all the time,
प्रयत्न करत राहिल्यामुळे
आणखी एक तुकडा निखळून पडतो.
with a population of over 1.3 billion,
more people now acknowledge
स्त्रीला लैंगिक इच्छा असण्याचा हक्क आहे,
have a right to sexual desire.
been allowed to own her body,
स्वतःच्या मालकीचं असण्याची मुभा नाही,
शिक्षण दिलं जात नाही,
झाले असतील,
that this doesn't happen,
कुटुंबातल्या गोष्टी गुप्त ठेवणे
at Delhi University, said,
सबलीकरणावर काम करते. तीदेखील म्हणाली,
They're jealous and they backbite."
त्या मत्सरी असतात, पाठीत खंजीर खुपसतात."
"We don't have time for gossip."
"मला कुचाळक्या करायला वेळ नाही."
to demolish a woman who is alone.
जास्त सोपं असतं.
कर्तव्य महान.
of a good girl, and she's only 15.
सांगणारी मुस्कान फक्त १५ वर्षांची आहे.
काळजी घेणारी,
respects elders,
and is good to others and fulfills duty."
आणि आपली कर्तव्ये पार पाडणारी."
is left is also lost.
have nothing left to say
What will you eat?" --
call them "boring."
त्यांना "कंटाळवाणी आई" म्हणतात.
collectively crush women,
on men for her survival,
पुरुषांवर अवलंबून राहायला भाग पाडतात.
of male power to continue.
that we thought were good and moral
समजल्या गेलेल्या या सात सवयी
is extremely important.
to be a good woman and a good man,
या शब्दांचे अर्थ बदलायला हवेत.
of every society.
we need elastic definitions,
लवचिक व्याख्या हव्यात.
cannot happen without men's involvement.
सहभागाशिवाय घडून येणार नाही.
coming together, with the support of men,
एकत्र येऊन, पुरुषांच्या पाठिंब्यासहित
for conversation, for change,
to just listen to each other
एकमेकांचं बोलणं ऐकून घेताहेत.
मला जाणवलं, की
that we have with women,
my daughter sometimes,
मी कधीकधी म्हणतो,
accha lagta hai varna bura lagta hai".
नाहीतर वाईट वाटतं."
aur accha nahi bhi lagta hai
तर माझ्याकडे दुर्लक्ष कर.
tumhare ko lagta hai, right?
unfulfilled stories, desires,
याबद्दल प्रथम ऐकताना
we think these girls are better off?
असं वाटणाऱ्या मुलींकडून.
and that's why I couldn't stop,
म्हणूनच मी तिथे थांबू शकले नाही.
and no plans to write a book.
पुस्तक लिहिण्याचा माझा बेत नव्हता.
and I thought, "I'm done,"
आणि मला वाटलं होतं, की माझं कार्य संपलं.
you well know from Delhi,
to them to be a woman and man
मतं ऐकली.
but like my mother's generation.
माझ्या आईच्या पिढीतली वाटली.
and another college.
and hides her behavior,
आपल्याला मिळालेली शिकवणूक.
सर्वात मोठी गोष्ट अशी,
with what Deepa is saying?
पटतं आहे का तुम्हांला?
You say this to me."
तू मला हेच सांगतोस."
We are not adjusting anymore, OK?
यापुढे आम्ही तडजोड करणार नाही.
Have a good evening. Thank you.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Deepa Narayan - Social psychologistDeepa Narayan is an international advisor on poverty, gender and development with more than 25 years of experience working at the World Bank, the UN and NGOs.
Why you should listen
Deepa Narayan is a social scientist and author of Chup: Breaking the Silence About India’s Women. Until 2008, she served as Senior Advisor in the vice president's office of the Poverty Reduction Group of the World Bank.
While at the World Bank, Narayan advanced program development and evaluation and conducted two studies that resulted in key policy changes: "The Voices of the Poor," which examined the experiences of 60,000 women and men from 60 countries around the world; and "Moving Out of Poverty: Understanding Freedom, Democracy and Growth from the Bottom Up," which studied people from 15 countries to understand how some people climb out of poverty while others remain stuck. Both studies highlight how policy mindsets and unexamined assumptions about impoverished people distort policy decisions.
Narayan's current interests include shared and sustainable living, reducing inequality, making corporate social responsibility a reality, ethical development and economic policies that create wealth for poor people. She holds a PhD in psychology and anthropology and has authored or coauthored more than 15 books.
Deepa Narayan | Speaker | TED.com