TED2018
Yasin Kakande: What's missing in the global debate over refugees
Yasin Kakande: Kehilangan Dalam Debat Global Tentang Pelarian
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Dalam debat berterusan berkenaan pelarian, kita mendengar pendapat semua-- daripada ahli politik yang berikrar untuk mengawal sempadan kepada rakyat yang bimbang kehilangan kerja mereka -- semua, kecuali pendatang sendiri. Mengapa mereka datang ke mari? Wartawan dan Felo TED Yasin Kakande menjelaskan apa yang menyebabkan beliau dan ramai yang lain untuk melarikan diri daripada tanah air mereka, mendorong kepada perbincangan lebih terbuka dan perspektif yang baru. Kerana kisah kemanusiaan, beliau mengingatkan, adalah sebuah kisah penghijrahan. "Tiada sekatan ketat yang dapat menghentikan gelombang penghijrahan yang menetapkan sejarah manusia," kata beliau.
Yasin Kakande - Investigative journalist, author
Yasin Kakande is exposing the human rights abuses of migrant workers in the Middle East. Full bio
Yasin Kakande is exposing the human rights abuses of migrant workers in the Middle East. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Saya seorang penghijrah dari Uganda
menetap di Amerika Syarikat
menetap di Amerika Syarikat
00:17
I am an immigrant from Uganda
living in the United States
living in the United States
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00:21
while waiting for my asylum application
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sementara menanti permohonan suaka saya
00:23
to go through.
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diluluskan.
00:25
Migrants do not enjoy
much freedom of movement
much freedom of movement
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Penghijrah tidak menikmati
kebebasan bergerak
kebebasan bergerak
00:29
in our world today.
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di dunia kita kini.
00:30
This certainly applies to those
who are desperate enough
who are desperate enough
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Ini relevan kepada mereka yang
cukup terdesak
cukup terdesak
00:33
to navigate choppy
and stormy seas in boats.
and stormy seas in boats.
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untuk mengemudi ribut dan laut yang
bergelora menggunakan bot.
bergelora menggunakan bot.
00:37
These are the risks my cousins
from West Africa and North Africa face
from West Africa and North Africa face
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Ini adalah risiko saudara saya dari
Afrika Barat dan Afrika Utara hadapi
Afrika Barat dan Afrika Utara hadapi
00:42
while trying to cross over to Europe.
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apabila mereka cuba menyeberang ke Eropah.
00:44
Indeed, it is a rare
but fortunate opportunity
but fortunate opportunity
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Semestinya, ini adalah peluang
yang jarang tetapi bertuah
yang jarang tetapi bertuah
00:48
for a migrant to address
a gathering like this.
a gathering like this.
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untuk seorang penghijrah untuk berucap
di perhimpunan seperti ini.
di perhimpunan seperti ini.
00:52
But this also signifies
what often is missing
what often is missing
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Tetapi ini juga menandakan
apa yang sering ketinggalan
apa yang sering ketinggalan
00:55
in the global debate over refugees,
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dalam debat global berkenaan isu pelarian
00:58
migrants and immigrants,
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Migran dan imigran,
01:00
voices of the disenfranchised.
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suara-suara yang dipinggirkan.
01:03
Citizens of many host countries,
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Rakyat kepada negara-negara tuan rumah,
01:05
even those that previously
welcomed newcomers,
welcomed newcomers,
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walaupun yang sebelumnya menyambut
pendatang-pendatang baru
pendatang-pendatang baru
01:08
are uneasy about the rising
numbers of individuals
numbers of individuals
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tidak senang dengan jumlah
individu yang semakin bertambah
individu yang semakin bertambah
01:11
coming into their countries.
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memasuki negara mereka.
01:13
The immediate criticism
is that the newcomers upend the stability
is that the newcomers upend the stability
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Kritikan pertama ialah pendatang
akan merosakkan kestabilan
akan merosakkan kestabilan
01:17
of social welfare and employment
in their countries.
in their countries.
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kebajikan sosial dan pekerjaan
di negara mereka.
di negara mereka.
01:21
Uncertain and skeptical citizens
look towards politicians
look towards politicians
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Rakyat yang tidak pasti dan sangsi
melihat ahli politik mereka
melihat ahli politik mereka
01:24
who are competing against each other
to see who can claim the prize
to see who can claim the prize
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yang bertanding antara satu sama lain
untuk melihat siapa mendapat gelaran
untuk melihat siapa mendapat gelaran
01:29
of the loudest voice
of populism and nationalism.
of populism and nationalism.
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empunya suara paling lantang
demi populisme dan nasionalisme
demi populisme dan nasionalisme
01:33
It is a contest of who
is the toughest on migrants,
is the toughest on migrants,
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Ia satu pertandingan menentukan siapa
paling tegas terhadap pendatang
paling tegas terhadap pendatang
01:38
the most willing to impose travel bans
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yang sanggup mengenakan
sekatan perjalanan
sekatan perjalanan
01:40
and the most eager to propose
projects in building walls.
projects in building walls.
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yang paling teruja untuk mencadangkan
projek pembinaan tembok.
projek pembinaan tembok.
01:44
All these restrictions simply address
symptoms of the problem,
symptoms of the problem,
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Seluruh pembatasan ini hanya
menyatakan simptom masalah itu
menyatakan simptom masalah itu
01:48
not the causes.
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bukan penyebabnya.
01:49
Why are they coming?
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Mengapa mereka datang ke mari?
01:52
Migrants can share perspectives,
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Para pendatang boleh
berkongsi pandangan
berkongsi pandangan
01:53
if only politicians
would be willing to listen.
would be willing to listen.
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sekiranya ahli politik sanggup mendengar
01:57
In Dubai, I chronicled injustices
and inequalities inflicted regularly
and inequalities inflicted regularly
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Di Dubai,saya membabadkan
ketidakadilan yang berlaku
ketidakadilan yang berlaku
02:01
on the migrant labor force.
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terhadap tenaga kerja asing.
02:03
As a result, pressures
from the governments
from the governments
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Akibatnya, tekanan daripada
kerajaan-kerajaan
kerajaan-kerajaan
02:06
of the respective countries
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dari negara masing-masing
02:08
led to me being forced out of my career
as a journalist in the Middle East.
as a journalist in the Middle East.
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menyebabkan saya terpaksa berhenti
menjadi wartawan di Timur Tengah.
menjadi wartawan di Timur Tengah.
02:13
I was deported to Uganda,
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Saya diusir pulang ke Uganda,
02:15
where economic deprivation
puts everyone at the risk of starvation.
puts everyone at the risk of starvation.
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di mana kemerosotan ekonomi
mengakibatkan kebuluran.
mengakibatkan kebuluran.
02:19
I fled Uganda to come to the United States
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Saya melarikan diri untuk ke
Amerika Syarikat
Amerika Syarikat
02:22
in the hope of sustaining a voice
for my brothers and sisters
for my brothers and sisters
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dengan harapan untuk memberi suara
kepada saudara saudari saya
kepada saudara saudari saya
02:26
who experience a more
serious plight as migrants.
serious plight as migrants.
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yang mengalami pahit gentir
sebagai migran.
sebagai migran.
02:30
My father told me he was not happy
about me writing a book
about me writing a book
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Bapa saya tidak begitu teruja dengan
saya menulis buku
saya menulis buku
02:34
that risked deportation and unemployment.
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yang membawa risiko pengusiran
dan pengangguran
dan pengangguran
02:38
He had been diabetic for many years
when I still worked in Dubai,
when I still worked in Dubai,
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Dia menghidap kencing manis
ketika saya masih bekerja di Dubai
ketika saya masih bekerja di Dubai
02:41
and my salary was always sufficient
to pay for his treatments.
to pay for his treatments.
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dan gaji saya cukup
untuk membayar rawatannya
untuk membayar rawatannya
02:45
After I was expelled,
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Setelah saya diusir,
02:47
I could not afford
to sustain his treatment,
to sustain his treatment,
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saya tidak mampu untuk
terus membayar rawatannya,
terus membayar rawatannya,
02:50
and even in the last days of his life,
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dan di akhir hayatnya,
02:53
I could not afford
to take him to a hospital.
to take him to a hospital.
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saya tidak mampu membawanya
ke hospital
ke hospital
02:56
As I carried his body in my hands
to lay it in the ground
to lay it in the ground
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Ketika saya mengusung badannya
untuk disemadikan
untuk disemadikan
03:00
in June of last year,
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di bulan Jun tahun lepas,
03:02
I realized I had paid a profound price
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saya dapati saya telah membayar
harga yang tinggi
harga yang tinggi
03:05
for amplifying my voice.
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demi melantangkan suara saya.
03:09
The act of speaking up against injustices
that are multilayered is never easy,
that are multilayered is never easy,
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Tindakan saya untuk menentang
ketidakadilan bukannya mudah,
ketidakadilan bukannya mudah,
03:16
because the problems require
more than just rhetoric.
more than just rhetoric.
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kerana masalah itu lebih daripada
retorik.
retorik.
03:20
So long as gold mines, oilfields and large
farms in Africa continue to be owned
farms in Africa continue to be owned
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Selagi lombong emas, lapangan minyak
dan ladang di Afrika masih dimiliki
dan ladang di Afrika masih dimiliki
03:26
by foreign investors
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oleh pelabur asing
03:28
and those vital resources
are shipped to the West,
are shipped to the West,
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dan sumber-sumber penting
dieksport ke Barat,
dieksport ke Barat,
03:32
the stream of African migrants
will flow continuously.
will flow continuously.
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pendatang-pendatang Afrika akan
sentiasa masuk.
sentiasa masuk.
03:37
There are no restrictions
that could ever be so rigorous
that could ever be so rigorous
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Tiada sekatan ketat yang
dapat menghentikan
dapat menghentikan
03:42
to stop the wave of migration
that has determined our human history.
that has determined our human history.
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gelombang penghijrahan yang
menetapkan sejarah manusia.
menetapkan sejarah manusia.
03:47
Before border controls can be tightened
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Sebelum kawalan sempadan
diketatkan,
diketatkan,
03:50
and new visa restrictions imposed,
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dan sekatan visa dikenakan,
03:53
countries that have long received migrants
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negara-negara yang telah lama
menerima pendatang
menerima pendatang
03:56
should engage in a more open discussion.
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harus mengadakan perbincangan
yang lebih terbuka.
yang lebih terbuka.
03:59
That is the only practical start
for reconciling, finally,
for reconciling, finally,
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Itu adalah permulaan yang praktikal
untuk akhirnya berdamai,
untuk akhirnya berdamai,
04:05
a legacy of exploitation,
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sebuah legasi eksploitasi,
04:08
slavery,
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penghambaan,
04:10
colonialism
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penjajahan
04:11
and imperialism,
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dan imperialisma
04:13
so that together, we can move forward
in creating a more just global economy
in creating a more just global economy
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supaya kita dapat maju bersama
membentuk ekonomi global yang adil
membentuk ekonomi global yang adil
04:19
in the 21st century --
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di abad ke-21 --
04:22
one that benefits all.
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yang bermanfaat untuk semua.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Yasin Kakande - Investigative journalist, authorYasin Kakande is exposing the human rights abuses of migrant workers in the Middle East.
Why you should listen
Investigative journalist Yasin Kakande works undercover in the Middle East to expose human rights abuses of migrant workers. He investigates the reasons why Africans choose to migrate to the Middle East, Europe and America, and traces the severe consequences of countries closing their borders to African migrants. A migrant himself, first to the Middle East and recently to the US, Kakande is the author of two books: Slave States, an expose of the enslavement, trafficking and abuse of workers in the Gulf Arab Region, and The Ambitious Struggle: An African Journalist's Journey of Hope and Identity in a Land of Migrants.
Yasin Kakande | Speaker | TED.com