TEDGlobal 2014
Angelo Vermeulen: How to go to space, without having to go to space
Anđelo Vermulen (Angelo Vermeulen): Kako otići u svemir, bez odlaska u svemir
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„Naselićemo svemir“, tvrdi komandant NASA-e Anđelo Vermulen. „Možda bude trebalo 50 ili 500 godina, ali će se na kraju desiti.“ U ovom šarmantnom govoru, veteran učesnik TED Fellows programa opisuje kako je zvanično radio na pripremanju ljudi za život u svemiru... kao i fascinantan umetnički projekat u okviru kog su ljudi širom sveta osmišljavali domove u kojima bi se taj život vodio.
Angelo Vermeulen - Space researcher, biologist, artist
Angelo Vermeulen wears many hats, including one as a crew commander for NASA, another as an artist and community organizer. Full bio
Angelo Vermeulen wears many hats, including one as a crew commander for NASA, another as an artist and community organizer. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I am multidisciplinary.
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Bavim se raznim stvarima.
00:14
As a scientist, I've been a crew commander
for a NASA Mars simulation last year,
for a NASA Mars simulation last year,
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Kao naučnik sam prošle godine
komandovao simulacijom Marsa za NASA-u,
komandovao simulacijom Marsa za NASA-u,
00:19
and as an artist, I create multicultural
community art all over the planet.
community art all over the planet.
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a kao umetnik širom planete
stvaram multikulturalne grupne radove.
stvaram multikulturalne grupne radove.
00:26
And recently, I've actually
been combining both.
been combining both.
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U poslednje vreme sam uspeo
da to kombinujem.
da to kombinujem.
00:29
But let me first talk a little more
about that NASA mission.
about that NASA mission.
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Prvo ću vam reći više
o toj misiji za NASA-u.
o toj misiji za NASA-u.
00:33
This is the HI-SEAS program.
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Ovo je program HI-SEAS.
00:35
HI-SEAS is a NASA-funded
planetary surface analogue
planetary surface analogue
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Nasa ga je osnovala kao imitaciju površine
00:38
on the Mauna Loa volcano in Hawaii,
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na vulkanu Mauna Loa na Havajima,
00:41
and it's a research program
that is specifically designed
that is specifically designed
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a namenjen je izučavanju uticaja
00:44
to study the effects
of long-term isolation of small crews.
of long-term isolation of small crews.
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dugih perioda izolacije
na manje svemirske posade.
na manje svemirske posade.
00:49
I lived in this dome for four months
with a crew of six,
with a crew of six,
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Četiri meseca sam tu živeo
sa šestočlanom posadom,
sa šestočlanom posadom,
00:53
a very interesting experience, of course.
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što je, naravno, vrlo zanimljivo iskustvo.
00:56
We did all kinds of research.
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Istraživali smo razne stvari.
00:59
Our main research
was actually a food study,
was actually a food study,
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Pre svega vezano za hranu,
01:01
but apart from that food study --
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ali sem tog istraživanja -
01:03
developing a new food system
for astronauts living in deep space --
for astronauts living in deep space --
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razvoja sistema ishrane za astronaute
koji žive u svemiru -
koji žive u svemiru -
01:07
we also did all kinds of other research.
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i razne druge stvari.
01:09
We did extra-vehicular activities,
as you can see here,
as you can see here,
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Išli smo na izlete vozilima,
kao što vidite,
kao što vidite,
01:12
wearing mock-up space suits,
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u lažnim svemirskim skafanderima,
01:14
but we also had our chores
and lots of other stuff to do,
and lots of other stuff to do,
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ali smo obavljali i kućne poslove
i razne druge stvari,
i razne druge stvari,
01:17
like questionnaires
at the end of every day.
at the end of every day.
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recimo, popunjavali upitnike
nakon svakog dana.
nakon svakog dana.
01:19
Busy, busy work.
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Stvarno mnogo posla.
01:21
Now, as you can imagine,
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Možete zamisliti
01:23
it's quite challenging to live
with just a small group of people
with just a small group of people
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koliko je teško živeti
sa nekolicinom ljudi
sa nekolicinom ljudi
01:26
in a small space for a long time.
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toliko dugo na malom prostoru.
01:28
There's all kinds
of psychological challenges:
of psychological challenges:
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Nastaju razne psihološke prepreke:
01:31
how to keep a team together
in these circumstances;
in these circumstances;
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kako u takvim okolnostima
održati tim na okupu;
održati tim na okupu;
01:35
how to deal with the warping of time
you start to sense
you start to sense
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šta uraditi kad vam se poremeti
01:37
when you're living in these circumstances;
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osećaj za vreme;
01:40
sleep problems that arise; etc.
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pojave problemi sa spavanjem; itd.
01:41
But also we learned a lot.
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Ali smo dosta i naučili.
01:44
I learned a lot about
how individual crew members
how individual crew members
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Dosta sam naučio o tome
kako se članovi posade
kako se članovi posade
01:46
actually cope with a situation like this;
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snalaze u takvim situacijama;
01:49
how you can keep a crew
productive and happy,
productive and happy,
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na primer, da posada bude
01:52
for example, giving them
a good deal of autonomy
a good deal of autonomy
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produktivna i srećna tako što će dobiti
01:55
is a good trick to do that;
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dosta samostalnosti;
01:57
and honestly, I learned
a lot about leadership,
a lot about leadership,
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a iskreno, dosta sam naučio o vođstvu,
02:00
because I was a crew commander.
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jer sam komandovao misijom.
02:01
So doing this mission,
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Tokom ove misije
02:03
I really started thinking more deeply
about our future in outer space.
about our future in outer space.
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sam počeo ozbiljno da razmišljam
o budućnosti u svemiru.
o budućnosti u svemiru.
02:08
We will venture into outer space,
and we will start inhabiting outer space.
and we will start inhabiting outer space.
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Putovaćemo u svemir
i početi da ga naseljavamo.
i početi da ga naseljavamo.
02:12
I have no doubt about it.
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U to ne sumnjam.
02:14
It might take 50 years
or it might take 500 years,
or it might take 500 years,
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Možda bude trebalo 50 ili 500 godina,
02:17
but it's going to happen nevertheless.
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ali će se na kraju desiti.
02:20
So I came up with
a new art project called Seeker.
a new art project called Seeker.
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Zato sam osmislio
novi umetnički projekat zvani Tragač.
novi umetnički projekat zvani Tragač.
02:24
And the Seeker project is actually
challenging communities all over the world
challenging communities all over the world
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On je zapravo predstavljao
izazov grupama širom sveta
izazov grupama širom sveta
02:28
to come up with starship prototypes
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da smisle prototipe svemirskih brodova
02:31
that re-envision
human habitation and survival.
human habitation and survival.
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i nove načine za ljudsko
naseljavanje i preživljavanje.
naseljavanje i preživljavanje.
02:34
That's the core of the project.
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To je suština projekta.
02:36
Now, one important thing:
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Samo da napomenem:
02:38
This is not a dystopian project.
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Ne radi se o distopiji.
02:41
This is not about, "Oh my God,
the world is going wrong
the world is going wrong
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Nije svet otišao dođavola,
02:43
and we have to escape because we need
another future somewhere else."
another future somewhere else."
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pa da moramo da bežimo
i tražimo novo mesto.
i tražimo novo mesto.
02:47
No, no.
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Ne, ne.
02:49
The project is basically inviting people
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Projekat je u suštini poziv
02:51
to take a step away
from earthbound constraints
from earthbound constraints
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da se zaborave zemaljska ograničenja
02:54
and, as such, reimagine our future.
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i, u tom pogledu, zamisli budućnost.
02:57
And it's really helpful,
and it works really well,
and it works really well,
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Korisno je i efektivno,
03:00
so that's really the important part
of what we're doing.
of what we're doing.
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a to je vrlo bitan deo onoga što radimo.
03:04
Now, in this project,
I'm using a cocreation approach,
I'm using a cocreation approach,
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Na ovom projektu ću biti koautor,
03:08
which is a slightly different approach
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što nije nešto
03:11
from what you would expect
from many artists.
from many artists.
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što se obično očekuje od umetnika.
03:13
I'm essentially dropping a basic idea
into a group, into a community,
into a group, into a community,
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U suštini ću nekoj grupi
da saopštim ideju,
da saopštim ideju,
03:17
people start gravitating to the idea,
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koja će da privuče ljude,
03:20
and together, we shape
and build the artwork.
and build the artwork.
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pa ćemo zajedno da stvorimo delo.
03:23
It's a little bit like termites, really.
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Zapravo pomalo liči na termite.
03:26
We just work together,
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Jednostavno radimo zajedno,
03:27
and even, for example,
when architects visit what we're doing,
when architects visit what we're doing,
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a kad nas posete arhitekte,
03:30
sometimes they have a bit
of a hard time understanding
of a hard time understanding
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ponekad ne mogu da razumeju
03:32
how we build without a master plan.
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kako radimo bez nacrta.
03:34
We always come up with these
fantastic large-scale scupltures
fantastic large-scale scupltures
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Uvek smišljamo ovakve
fantastične ogromne skulpture
fantastične ogromne skulpture
03:37
that actually we can also inhabit.
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u kojima se može i živeti.
03:41
The first version was done
in Belgium and Holland.
in Belgium and Holland.
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Prva verzija je nastala
u Belgiji i Holandiji.
u Belgiji i Holandiji.
03:45
It was built with a team
of almost 50 people.
of almost 50 people.
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Izgradio ju je tim od gotovo 50 ljudi.
03:47
This is the second iteration
of that same project,
of that same project,
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Ovo je druga verzija tog istog projekta,
03:50
but in Slovenia, in a different country,
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ali u drugoj državi, Sloveniji,
03:52
and the new group was like, we're going
to do the architecture differently.
to do the architecture differently.
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a druga grupa je želela
da drugačije odradi arhitektonski deo.
da drugačije odradi arhitektonski deo.
03:56
So they took away the architecture,
they kept the base of the artwork,
they kept the base of the artwork,
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Uklonili su samu građevinu,
ali su zadržali osnovu
ali su zadržali osnovu
04:00
and they built an entirely new,
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i preko nje gradili
04:02
much more biomorphic
architecture on top of that.
architecture on top of that.
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po uzoru na prirodu.
04:05
And that's another
crucial part of the project.
crucial part of the project.
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To je još jedan od
ključnih delova projekta,
ključnih delova projekta,
04:07
It's an evolving artwork,
evolving architecture.
evolving architecture.
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da se i umetnička
i arhitektonska strana razvijaju.
i arhitektonska strana razvijaju.
04:11
This was the last version that was just
presented a few weeks ago in Holland,
presented a few weeks ago in Holland,
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Pre neku nedelju je u Holandiji
prikazana poslednja verzija,
prikazana poslednja verzija,
04:15
which was using caravans
as modules to build a starship.
as modules to build a starship.
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kod koje su koristili kamp prikolice
kao delove svemirskog broda.
kao delove svemirskog broda.
04:19
We bought some second-hand caravans,
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Kupili smo polovne kamp prikolice,
04:21
cut them open,
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isekli ih,
04:22
and reassembled them into a starship.
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i sastavili svemirski brod.
04:25
Now, when we're thinking about starships,
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Kad se pominju svemirski brodovi,
04:28
we're not just approaching it
as a technological challenge.
as a technological challenge.
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ne misli se samo
na izazove tehnološke prirode.
na izazove tehnološke prirode.
04:31
We're really looking at it
as a combination of three systems:
as a combination of three systems:
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Zapravo se radi o kombinaciji tri sistema:
04:34
ecology, people and technology.
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ekologije, ljudstva i tehnologije.
04:36
So there's always a strong ecological
component in the project.
component in the project.
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Ekologija je za svaki projekat
veoma bitna stavka.
veoma bitna stavka.
04:40
Here you can see aquaponic systems
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Ovde se vidi
04:42
that are actually
surrounding the astronauts,
surrounding the astronauts,
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kako akvaponički sistem
okružuje astronaute,
okružuje astronaute,
04:44
so they're constantly in contact
with part of the food that they're eating.
with part of the food that they're eating.
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tako da su stalno u dodiru sa delom hrane.
04:50
Now, a very typical thing for this project
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Za ovakve projekte je uobičajeno
04:53
is that we run our own isolation missions
inside these art and design projects.
inside these art and design projects.
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da unutar instalacije vodimo
sopstvene izolovane misije.
sopstvene izolovane misije.
05:00
We actually lock ourselves up
for multiple days on end,
for multiple days on end,
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Više dana se zaključavamo i isprobavamo
05:03
and test what we build.
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to što smo izgradili.
05:05
And this is, for example,
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Na primer,
05:06
on the right hand side
you can see an isolation mission
you can see an isolation mission
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ovde se sa desne strane vidi takva misija
05:09
in the Museum of Modern Art
in Ljubljana in Slovenia,
in Ljubljana in Slovenia,
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u Muzeju Moderne Umetnosti
u Ljubljani u Sloveniji,
u Ljubljani u Sloveniji,
05:12
where six artists and designers
locked themselves up --
locked themselves up --
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prilikom koje se
šest umetnika i dizajnera -
šest umetnika i dizajnera -
05:15
I was part of that --
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uključujući i mene -
05:16
for four days inside the museum.
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četiri dana zaključalo u muzeju.
05:19
And, of course, obviously,
this is a very performative
this is a very performative
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Naravno, celo iskustvo liči na predstavu
05:21
and very strong experience for all of us.
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i na sve nas je ostavilo jak utisak.
05:26
Now, the next version of the project
is currently being developed
is currently being developed
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Sledeću verziju trenutno razvijamo
05:30
together with Camilo Rodriguez-Beltran,
who is also a TED Fellow,
who is also a TED Fellow,
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sa Kamilom Rodrigez-Beltranom,
još jednim učenikom TED Fellows programa,
još jednim učenikom TED Fellows programa,
05:34
in the Atacama Desert in Chile,
a magical place.
a magical place.
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u pustinji Atakama u Čileu,
zaista magičnom mestu.
zaista magičnom mestu.
05:38
First of all, it's really
considered a Mars analogue.
considered a Mars analogue.
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Pre svega, zaista se smatra
istovetnim Marsu.
istovetnim Marsu.
05:41
It really does look like Mars
in certain locations
in certain locations
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Određena mesta zaista izgledaju kao Mars,
05:44
and has been used by NASA
to test equipment.
to test equipment.
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i NASA je tu testirala opremu.
05:48
And it has a long history
of being connected to space
of being connected to space
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Već dugo je povezano sa svemirom
05:51
through observations of the stars.
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zbog posmatranja zvezda.
05:53
It's now home to ALMA,
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Sada se tu nalazi ALMA,
05:55
the large telescope
that's being developed there.
that's being developed there.
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ogromni teleskop koji tamo grade.
05:59
But also, it's the driest
location on the planet,
location on the planet,
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Uz to je najsuvlje mesto na planeti,
06:03
and that makes it extremely interesting
to build our project,
to build our project,
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i za naš projekat vrlo zanimljivo,
06:06
because suddenly, sustainability
is something we have to explore fully.
is something we have to explore fully.
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jer odjednom moramo
sasvim da se posvetimo održivosti.
sasvim da se posvetimo održivosti.
06:11
We have no other option,
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Nemamo drugog izbora,
06:13
so I'm very curious to see
what's going to happen.
what's going to happen.
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i zaista me zanima šta će se dogoditi.
06:16
Now, a specific thing for this
particular version of the project
particular version of the project
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Ono što me kod ove
konkretne verzije projekta
konkretne verzije projekta
06:20
is that I'm very interested to see
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veoma zanima je
06:22
how we can connect
with the local population,
with the local population,
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kako ćemo da se povežemo
06:24
the native population.
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sa starosedeocima.
06:25
These people have been living there
for a very long time
for a very long time
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Oni tu već dosta dugo žive
06:28
and can be considered
experts in sustainability,
experts in sustainability,
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i postali su stručnjaci za održivost,
06:31
and so I'm very interested
to see what we can learn from them,
to see what we can learn from them,
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pa me zanima šta od njih
možemo da naučimo,
možemo da naučimo,
06:34
and have an input of indigenous knowledge
into space exploration.
into space exploration.
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kako da u istraživanje svemira
uključimo znanje urođenika.
uključimo znanje urođenika.
06:38
So we're trying to redefine
how we look at our future in outer space
how we look at our future in outer space
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Pokušavamo da na budućnost u svemiru
gledamo drugim očima,
gledamo drugim očima,
06:43
by exploring integration,
biology, technology and people;
biology, technology and people;
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koristeći integraciju, biologiju,
tehnologiju i ljudstvo;
tehnologiju i ljudstvo;
06:48
by using a cocreation approach;
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stvarajući u grupama;
06:50
and by using and exploring
local traditions
local traditions
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i uz pomoć lokalnih običaja,
06:54
and to see how we can learn from the past
and integrate that into our deep future.
and integrate that into our deep future.
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kako bismo znanja iz prošlosti
primenili na daleku budućnost.
primenili na daleku budućnost.
06:58
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
07:00
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Angelo Vermeulen - Space researcher, biologist, artistAngelo Vermeulen wears many hats, including one as a crew commander for NASA, another as an artist and community organizer.
Why you should listen
If you're looking for someone who embodies "multidisciplinary," look no further than TED Senior Fellow Angelo Vermeulen, a space systems researcher, biologist, artist and community organizer. The one common thread in all his work: the desire to understand the relationship between nature and technology, to learn from what's happened in the past in order to build a promising future for us all.
Having received his PhD in Biology from the University of Leuven in Belgium, Angelo nonetheless eschewed a life in the lab to apply a creative lens to everything he does. To date, that includes working on independent projects around the world, including Biomodd, a worldwide series of interactive art installations in which technology and nature coexist. Throughout 2011, he was a member of the European Space Agency Topical Team Arts & Science (ETTAS), while in 2013 he was crew commander of the NASA-funded HI-SEAS Mars mission simulation in Hawaii. For this project, he and a crew of six astronauts lived for four months in a dome, all in the name of studying the effects of longterm isolation among a small crew.
In 2009 he launched SEAD (Space Ecologies Art and Design), a platform for research on the architectures and ethics of space colonization. In 2014, he launched Seeker, a project calling for the public to co-create starship sculptures that evolve over time; this subject is also the focus of a new PhD at Delft University of Technology, for which he's developing "paradigm-shifting concepts for evolvable starships."
In 2012 he was a Michael Kalil Endowment for Smart Design Fellow at Parsons in New York. He holds positions at LUCA School of Visual Arts in Ghent, Belgium, and Die Angewandte in Vienna, Austria.
Angelo Vermeulen | Speaker | TED.com