TEDxSydney
Bronwyn King: You may be accidentally investing in cigarette companies
Bronwyn King: Unawekuwa unaekeza katika makumpini ya sigara bila ufahamu.
Filmed:
Readability: 4.5
2,880,250 views
Tumbaku inasababisha zaidi ya vifo milioni saba kila mwaka-- na baadhi yetu tunahusishwa na tatizo hili kadri ya tunavyodhani. Katika mazungumzo ya wazi, Dr. Bronwyn Kingi asimulia jinsi alivyogundua kwa undani, uhusiano kati ya sekta ya tumbaku na sekta ya fedha ulimwenguni inayoekeza fedha zetu kupitia mabenki makubwa, bima na malipo ya uzeeni. Jifunze vile Dr. King amesisimua msuko kuunda uwekezaji usiotegemea tumbaku na jinsi tunaweza saidia kumaliza janga hili.
Bronwyn King - Oncologist, tobacco-free advocate
Dr. Bronwyn King on a mission to save a billion lives -- from tobacco, the greatest preventable cause of premature death. Full bio
Dr. Bronwyn King on a mission to save a billion lives -- from tobacco, the greatest preventable cause of premature death. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
In 2001, I was a brand new, shiny doctor,
planning to save the world.
planning to save the world.
0
1540
5368
Mwaka 2001, nilikuwa daktari mpya
aliyenuia kukomboa ulimwengu.
aliyenuia kukomboa ulimwengu.
00:19
My first job was working for three months
on a lung cancer unit.
on a lung cancer unit.
1
7563
4267
Kazi yangu ya kwanza ilikuwa kufanya kazi katika kitengo cha saratani ya mapafu kwa miezi mitatu.
00:24
Nearly all of my patients
were smokers or ex-smokers,
were smokers or ex-smokers,
2
12241
3396
Takriban wangonjwa wangu wote ni wavutaji au wavutaji wa zamani,
00:27
and most of them had started
smoking when they were children
smoking when they were children
3
15661
3516
na baadhi yao walianza uraibu wa kuvuta wakiwa wadogo
00:31
or in their early teens.
4
19201
1722
au katika miaka yao ya mapema ya ujana.
00:33
And despite living
in a beautiful, wealthy country,
in a beautiful, wealthy country,
5
21427
3587
.
Licha yakuishi katika nchi yenye mazingira ya kupendeza na utajiri,
Licha yakuishi katika nchi yenye mazingira ya kupendeza na utajiri,
00:37
with access to the most
sophisticated medicines,
sophisticated medicines,
6
25038
3738
na upatikanaji wa madawa ya kisasa,
00:40
nearly every single one
of my patients died.
of my patients died.
7
28800
3000
karibu kila mmoja
wa wagonjwa wangu alifariki.
wa wagonjwa wangu alifariki.
00:44
Everyone knows tobacco is bad,
8
32331
1945
Kila mtu anafahamu
kuwa tumbaku ni mbaya,
kuwa tumbaku ni mbaya,
00:46
but when you see the impact
firsthand, day-by-day,
firsthand, day-by-day,
9
34300
3055
lakini ukijionea maafa yake mara ya kwanza, siku hadi siku,
00:49
it leaves a very deep impression.
10
37379
2420
inakuacha na mtazamo yakinifu.
00:52
Ten years later,
I'm a radiation oncologist,
I'm a radiation oncologist,
11
40895
3277
Miaka kumi baadaye,
mimi ni mtaalam wa mionzi,
mimi ni mtaalam wa mionzi,
00:56
fully aware of the suffering
caused by tobacco.
caused by tobacco.
12
44196
3301
mwenye ufahamu timilifi
kuhusu maafa ya tumbaku.
kuhusu maafa ya tumbaku.
00:59
I'm sitting at the hospital cafeteria,
having my first ever meeting
having my first ever meeting
13
47990
3999
Nimeketi kwenye mkahawa wa hospitali,
kwenye mkutano wangu wa kwanza
kwenye mkutano wangu wa kwanza
01:04
with a representative
from my superannuation fund.
from my superannuation fund.
14
52013
3072
na mwakilishi kutoka
kwa uwekezaji wangu wa kustaafu.
kwa uwekezaji wangu wa kustaafu.
01:07
It was thrilling,
I'm sure you can imagine.
I'm sure you can imagine.
15
55109
2071
Ulikuwa wa kusisimua. Nina imani mnaweza kuufikiria.
01:09
(Laughter)
16
57204
1540
(Kicheko)
01:10
He tells me I'm in the default option.
17
58768
2611
Akanieleza ya kuwa
nimeainishwa katika chaguo la msingi.
nimeainishwa katika chaguo la msingi.
01:13
And I said, "Option? Does that mean
there are other options?"
there are other options?"
18
61403
3157
Nikasema, "Chaguo? Yamaanisha kuwa kuna chaguo zingine?"
01:16
He looked at me,
rolled his eyes, and said,
rolled his eyes, and said,
19
64584
3722
Akanitazama, akanitolea macho na akasema,
01:20
"Well, there is this one greenie option
20
68330
2976
"Kuna chaguo la kufana
01:23
for people who have a problem with
investing in mining, alcohol or tobacco."
investing in mining, alcohol or tobacco."
21
71330
4619
kwa watu ambao wanashida na
uwekezaji katika uchimbaji, pombe au tumbaku."
uwekezaji katika uchimbaji, pombe au tumbaku."
01:29
I said, "Did you just say tobacco?"
22
77307
1699
Nikasema, "Umesema tumbaku?"
01:31
He said, "Yes."
23
79030
1150
Akasema, "Ndio."
01:32
I said, "So, are you telling me
I'm currently investing in tobacco?"
I'm currently investing in tobacco?"
24
80673
3444
Nikasema, "Unaniambia, nimewekeza kwa tumbaku?"
01:36
And he said, "Oh, yes, everyone is."
25
84141
2928
Akasema, "Ndio, na kila mtu pia."
01:40
When you invest in a company,
you own part of that company.
you own part of that company.
26
88292
3816
Unapowekeza katika kampuni,
unamiliki sehemu ya hiyo kampuni.
unamiliki sehemu ya hiyo kampuni.
01:44
You want that company to grow
and succeed and thrive.
and succeed and thrive.
27
92589
3460
Unataka hiyo kampuni ikuwe na ifane.
01:48
You want that company
to attract new customers,
to attract new customers,
28
96073
2492
Unataka hiyo kampuni ivutie wateja wapya,
01:50
you want that company
to sell more of its products.
to sell more of its products.
29
98589
2643
unataka hiyo kampuni
iuze bidhaa zake zaidi.
iuze bidhaa zake zaidi.
01:54
And when it comes to tobacco,
30
102046
1555
Na ikija kwa tumbaku,
01:55
I couldn't think of anything
that I wanted less.
that I wanted less.
31
103625
3267
singefikiria mbadala na hayo.
01:59
Now, I know you can only see
one person standing here
one person standing here
32
107846
2509
Sasa hivi najua munaweza kuona
mtu mmoja amesimama hapa,
mtu mmoja amesimama hapa,
02:02
on this big red dot,
on this enormous stage.
on this enormous stage.
33
110379
3000
kwa alama hii kubwa
nyekundu katika jukwaa hii kubwa.
nyekundu katika jukwaa hii kubwa.
02:05
But instead, I would like you to imagine
34
113942
3092
Lakini badala yake, ningependa ufikirie
02:09
that you're looking
at seven million people
at seven million people
35
117942
3572
ya kuwa unuatazama watu milioni saba
02:13
crammed up here beside me today.
36
121538
3039
waliojaa hapa kando yangu leo.
02:17
Seven million people across the world
have died as a result of tobacco
have died as a result of tobacco
37
125538
6753
Watu milioni saba wameiaga dunia
kutokana na maafa ya tumbaku
kutokana na maafa ya tumbaku
02:24
in the past year alone.
38
132315
2357
mwaka uliopita pekee.
02:27
Just imagine, if a brand new industry
were launched today,
were launched today,
39
135776
2826
Hebu fikiria kama
sekta mpya ingalizinduliwa leo,
sekta mpya ingalizinduliwa leo,
02:30
and by the end of next June,
40
138626
1460
na mwisho wa mwezi Juni,
02:32
that industry's products
had killed seven million people.
had killed seven million people.
41
140110
4906
bidhaa zake ziuziwe watu milioni saba.
02:37
Would any of us invest
in that new, deadly industry?
in that new, deadly industry?
42
145539
4621
Kuna mmoja wetu anayeweza akaekeza kwa hiyo sekta mpya hatari?
02:43
Tobacco is one of the most
pressing global issues of our time,
pressing global issues of our time,
43
151186
4079
Tumbaku ni mojawapo ya masuala tata ya ulimwengu kwa sasa,
02:47
and most of us are far more complicit
in the problem than we may realize.
in the problem than we may realize.
44
155289
4859
na wengi wetu tunahusika kwa tatizo hilo kadri na tunayoweza kutambua.
02:53
So, the super fund representative
explained to me
explained to me
45
161420
2485
Kwa hivyo, mwakilishi alinieleza
02:55
that tobacco companies would be found
46
163929
1968
ya kuwa kampuni za tumbaku zitapatikana
02:57
in the international shares portion
of my portfolio.
of my portfolio.
47
165921
4045
katika hisa zangu za kimataifa.
03:02
So I asked him, "Well,
which international shares do I have?"
which international shares do I have?"
48
170386
3337
Hivyo nikamuuliza,
"Ni hisa zipi za kimataifa ninazo?"
"Ni hisa zipi za kimataifa ninazo?"
03:06
He got back to me
two weeks later with this list:
two weeks later with this list:
49
174220
3048
Alinijibu wiki mbili baadaye
na orodha hii:
na orodha hii:
03:09
my number one holding
in international shares
in international shares
50
177292
3886
nambari moja kwa hisa za kimataifa
03:13
was British American Tobacco.
51
181202
1933
ilikuwa ni British American Tobacco.
03:15
Number two, Imperial Tobacco.
52
183805
2420
Nambari mbili, Imperial Tobacco.
03:18
Number four, Philip Morris.
53
186575
1991
Nambari nne, Philip Morris.
03:21
And number five,
the Swedish Match company.
the Swedish Match company.
54
189165
2721
Na nambari tano, Swedish Match Company.
03:23
Four of the top five companies
were tobacco companies,
were tobacco companies,
55
191910
2699
Nne ya kampuni tano
zilikuwa ni kampuni za tumbaku,
zilikuwa ni kampuni za tumbaku,
03:26
my investments, an oncologist.
56
194633
2253
uwekezaji wangu kama oncologist
03:29
And then I realized it wasn't just me.
57
197458
2302
Na nikagundua kuwa si mimi pekee.
03:31
It was all members of my super fund.
58
199784
1888
Ilikuwa ni kila mwanachama wa huo mfuko.
03:34
And then I realized it wasn't just
my super fund, it was all of them.
my super fund, it was all of them.
59
202125
3253
Na hapo nikagundua kuwa
si malipo yangu
si malipo yangu
03:37
And then I realized,
it wasn't just superannuation funds,
it wasn't just superannuation funds,
60
205402
2684
ya uzeeni pekee, ni zote.
Na nikagundua kuwa
Na nikagundua kuwa
03:40
it was banks, insurers and fund managers.
61
208110
3094
si uwekezaji wa malipo ya uzeeni,
ni mabenki, bima
ni mabenki, bima
03:43
And then I realized
it wasn't just Australia.
it wasn't just Australia.
62
211228
2873
na mifuko. Na nikagundua kuwa
03:46
It was the entire global finance sector,
63
214125
2912
si Australia pekee bali ni ulimwengu
mzima wa sekta ya fedha,
mzima wa sekta ya fedha,
03:49
completely tangled up
with the tobacco industry.
with the tobacco industry.
64
217061
2635
zinazohusishwa na sekta ya tumbaku.
03:51
The industry that makes products
that kill seven million people every year.
that kill seven million people every year.
65
219720
5207
Sekta inayotengeneza bidhaa
inayoua watu milioni saba
inayoua watu milioni saba
03:57
So I started discussing the issue
with my superannuation fund,
with my superannuation fund,
66
225475
3167
kila mwaka. Hivyo nikaanza kuzungumza
kuhusu swala hili na uwekezaji
kuhusu swala hili na uwekezaji
04:00
and I've been discussing it ever since.
67
228666
2110
wa pesa zangu za uzeeni,
na nimekuwa namuzungumzo nao tangu hapo.
na nimekuwa namuzungumzo nao tangu hapo.
04:03
Finance leaders have many challenging
issues to deal with, these days.
issues to deal with, these days.
68
231125
3738
Viongozi wa fedha wanachangamoto
04:06
So I suggest they adopt a framework
69
234887
2801
zakukabiliana nazo siku hizi.
Hivyo ninashauri wavumbua mfumo
Hivyo ninashauri wavumbua mfumo
04:09
that clearly articulates
why it is reasonable
why it is reasonable
70
237712
3119
unaodhihirisha kwa uwazi kwanini
04:12
to take a strong position on tobacco.
71
240855
2381
ni muhimu kuchukua hatua dhidi ya tumbaku.
04:15
I suggest finance leaders
ask a suite of three questions
ask a suite of three questions
72
243847
4602
Ninashauri viongozi wa fedha
waulize mfumo wa
waulize mfumo wa
04:20
of any company in which
they might invest our money.
they might invest our money.
73
248473
3533
maswali matatu wa kampuni
yoyote watakoekeza fedha zetu.
yoyote watakoekeza fedha zetu.
04:24
Question one:
74
252465
1524
Swali moja:
04:26
Can the product made
by the company be used safely?
by the company be used safely?
75
254013
4617
Bidhaa inayotengezwa na
kampuni
kampuni
04:31
"No" is the answer for tobacco companies.
76
259156
2880
yaweza kutumika salama?
"La" ndilo jibu kwa makampuni ya tumbaku.
"La" ndilo jibu kwa makampuni ya tumbaku.
04:34
Zero is the only safe number
of cigarettes for a human being.
of cigarettes for a human being.
77
262060
3422
Sufuri ndiyo tarakimu salama
ya idadi za sigara kwa binadamu.
ya idadi za sigara kwa binadamu.
04:37
It could not be more black and white.
78
265506
2166
Haiwezi elezwa zaidi kwa uwazi.
04:40
Question two:
79
268291
1524
Swali la pili:
04:41
Is the problem caused by the company
so significant on a global level
so significant on a global level
80
269839
5048
Hilo tatizo linalosababishwa
04:46
that it is subject
to a UN treaty or convention?
to a UN treaty or convention?
81
274911
3266
na kampuni, linamaafa ulimwenguni,
hadi ikawa swala la mkataba wa UN?
hadi ikawa swala la mkataba wa UN?
04:50
"Yes" is the answer for tobacco.
82
278974
2119
"Ndio" ndilo jibu kwa tumbaku.
04:53
Indeed there is a UN tobacco treaty
83
281117
2984
Kwa kweli kuna mkata ba UN wa tumbaku
04:56
that has been ratified by 180 countries.
84
284125
3426
ambao umethibitishw na nchi 180.
05:00
The treaty was created
85
288215
1707
Mkataba uliundwa
05:01
because of the catastrophic
global impact of tobacco.
global impact of tobacco.
86
289946
3667
kwa sababu ya janga
05:06
The current forecast
is that the world is on track
is that the world is on track
87
294192
4044
la maafa ya tumbaku.
Utabili wa sasa ni kuwa
Utabili wa sasa ni kuwa
05:10
for one billion tobacco-related
deaths this century.
deaths this century.
88
298260
4390
ulimwengu unaelekea,
idadi ya bilioni moja ya
idadi ya bilioni moja ya
05:15
One billion deaths.
89
303292
1266
vifo husika na tumbaku karne hii.
Vifo bilioni moja.
Vifo bilioni moja.
05:16
There's only seven billion of us.
90
304998
2200
Tuko watu bilioni saba.
05:20
Question three relates
to the concept of engagement.
to the concept of engagement.
91
308085
3883
Swali la tatu ni dhana ya usimamizi.
05:24
Many financial organizations genuinely
want to be good corporate citizens.
want to be good corporate citizens.
92
312355
3817
Mashirika mengi ya kifedha
yana nia ya kikweli kuwa raia wa ushirika.
yana nia ya kikweli kuwa raia wa ushirika.
05:28
They want to use their shareholder power
93
316577
2746
Wanataka kutumia nguvu zao za mbia
05:31
to sit down with companies,
engage with them,
engage with them,
94
319347
2310
kuketi na makampuni, na kuwashirikisha,
05:33
and encourage them to do better things.
95
321681
2126
na kuwahimiza kufanya mambo bora.
05:35
So the question is:
96
323831
1556
Kwa hivyo swali ni:
05:37
Can engagement with the company
be an effective lever for change?
be an effective lever for change?
97
325411
4781
Ushirikiano na makumpini haya
05:43
"No" is the answer for tobacco companies.
98
331026
2801
mwafaka wa mabadilisho?
"La" ndilo jibu kwa kampuni za tumbaku.
"La" ndilo jibu kwa kampuni za tumbaku.
05:46
Engagement with
the tobacco industry is futile.
the tobacco industry is futile.
99
334153
2621
Ushirikiano na sekta ya tumbaku ni bure.
05:49
The only acceptable outcome would be
100
337157
1778
Matokeo ambayo yatakubalika ni
05:50
if tobacco companies ceased
their primary business.
their primary business.
101
338959
3334
kama kampuni za tumbaku
zitasitisha
zitasitisha
05:54
In fact, engagement
with the tobacco industry
with the tobacco industry
102
342712
2680
biashara yao.
Kwa kweli, ushirikiano na sekta ya tumbaku
Kwa kweli, ushirikiano na sekta ya tumbaku
05:57
has never led to less human death.
103
345416
3820
haujawahi punguza idadi ya vifo.
06:02
When we consider that framework,
three simple questions,
three simple questions,
104
350387
3277
Tunapofikiria kuhusu mfumo huo,
maswali matatu rahisi,
maswali matatu rahisi,
06:05
we can see that is reasonable
and defensible
and defensible
105
353688
3405
tunaweza ona kuwa hilo
ni nzuri na inawezatekelzwa
ni nzuri na inawezatekelzwa
06:09
to take a strong position and exclude
investment in the tobacco industry.
investment in the tobacco industry.
106
357117
5176
kuchukua hatua dhabiti na kutenga
uwekezaji katika sekta ya tumbaku.
uwekezaji katika sekta ya tumbaku.
06:15
In addition to the UN tobacco treaty,
107
363663
2365
Zaidi ya mkataba wa UN tumbaku.
06:18
there is, in fact, another global treaty
that demands that we act on tobacco.
that demands that we act on tobacco.
108
366052
4322
kunayo, kwa kweli, mkataba mwengine
06:22
In 2015, the UN adopted
the Sustainable Development Goals.
the Sustainable Development Goals.
109
370972
4772
wa ulimwengu unaoshurutisha
tukabiliane na tumbaku. Mwaka wa 2015,
tukabiliane na tumbaku. Mwaka wa 2015,
06:28
Now, we're talking about tobacco,
110
376069
1635
UN ilipitisha Malengo Endelevu.
Sasa tunazungumzia tumbaku,
Sasa tunazungumzia tumbaku,
06:29
and I know you're going to jump
straight to number three:
straight to number three:
111
377728
2739
na najua utaenda moja kwa moja
06:32
good health and well-being.
112
380491
1316
hadi nambari tatu; afya bora na ustawi.
06:33
And indeed, ramping up
tobacco control regulation
tobacco control regulation
113
381831
2313
Na kwa hakika, kuboresha
06:36
is essential if we're going
to achieve that goal.
to achieve that goal.
114
384168
2351
udhibithi wa matumizi ya tumbaku,
ni msingi kama
ni msingi kama
06:38
However, look a bit more deeply,
115
386543
2336
tunaelekea kutimiza malengo. Hata hivyo,
06:40
and you will find that 13
of the 17 goals cannot be achieved
of the 17 goals cannot be achieved
116
388903
5031
tazama kwa kina zaida, na utapata
13 kati ya
13 kati ya
06:45
unless there is a major shake-up
of the tobacco industry.
of the tobacco industry.
117
393958
3596
17 hayawezi kutimilika
hadi kuwe na mabadiliko
hadi kuwe na mabadiliko
06:50
Personally, my favorite goal is number 17:
118
398323
2989
makubwa katika sekta ya tumbaku.
Mimi binafsi, lengo ninalopendelea
Mimi binafsi, lengo ninalopendelea
06:53
partnerships for the goals.
119
401336
1800
zaidi ni nambari 17:
ushirikiano kwa malengo.
ushirikiano kwa malengo.
06:55
At present, we have the entire global
health sector doing everything it can
health sector doing everything it can
120
403478
5682
Leo, tunazo sekta za afya ulimwenguni
07:01
to help the tidal wave of patients
suffering as a result of tobacco.
suffering as a result of tobacco.
121
409184
3893
zinazofanya kadri ya uwezo wao
kusaidia wagonjwa wanaoteseka
kusaidia wagonjwa wanaoteseka
07:05
But that said, in the past year alone,
seven million people have died,
seven million people have died,
122
413450
3302
kutokana na tumbaku.
Licha ya hayo kusemwa,
Licha ya hayo kusemwa,
07:08
so clearly, that is not enough.
123
416776
1936
mwaka ulipoita pekee,
watu milioni saba wamefariki,
watu milioni saba wamefariki,
07:11
We also have governments
aligned on tobacco, 180 of them,
aligned on tobacco, 180 of them,
124
419323
3564
hilo halitoshi. Pia kuna serikali
07:14
busily trying to implement
the provisions of the UN tobacco treaty.
the provisions of the UN tobacco treaty.
125
422911
3999
zinazojihusisha na tumbaku,
180 kati yaozilizo katika harakati
180 kati yaozilizo katika harakati
07:18
But that, too, is not enough.
126
426934
2444
ya kutekeleza mahitaji ya mkataba
wa tumbaku wa UN.
wa tumbaku wa UN.
07:22
If the global finance sector continues
to lend money to tobacco companies,
to lend money to tobacco companies,
127
430038
6301
Lakini hilo pia halitoshi.
Ikiwa sekta fedha
Ikiwa sekta fedha
07:28
to invest in tobacco companies,
128
436363
2357
ulimwenguni itaendelea kupeana
fedha kwa kampuni za tumbaku,
fedha kwa kampuni za tumbaku,
07:30
and to strive to profit
from tobacco companies,
from tobacco companies,
129
438744
2992
kuwekeza katika tumbaku,
na kutahidi kunufaika
na kutahidi kunufaika
07:33
we are working against each other.
130
441760
2267
kutoka kwao, tunafanya kazi
dhidi ya kila mmoja.
dhidi ya kila mmoja.
07:36
Now, if we are going to disrupt
131
444411
2388
Sasa ikiwa tutaenda kuharibu
07:38
what doctors call
"the global tobacco epidemic,"
"the global tobacco epidemic,"
132
446823
3699
kile madaktari wanaita
07:42
we need every sector of society
to stand side by side
to stand side by side
133
450546
4118
"janga la ulimwengu la tumbaku."
tunahitaji kila sekta ya jamii
tunahitaji kila sekta ya jamii
07:46
and be part of the solution.
134
454688
1867
kushirikiana na kuwa sehemu ya suluhisho.
07:49
So I call on finance leaders
135
457385
2246
Kwa hivyo nawaalika viongozi wa fedha
07:51
to implement a framework
to deal with sensitive issues.
to deal with sensitive issues.
136
459655
3730
kutekeleza mfumo wakupambana
na maswala nyeti.
na maswala nyeti.
07:55
And I call on them to uphold
global conventions.
global conventions.
137
463409
3340
Na pia nawaalika mikataba ya ulimwengu.
07:59
But in addition, there are business risks.
138
467307
2691
Lakini kuongezea,
kuna hatari za kibiashara.
kuna hatari za kibiashara.
08:02
Pure financial risks, associated with
being invested in the tobacco industry
being invested in the tobacco industry
139
470022
4698
Hatari ya kifedha zinazohusika
na uwekezaji katika
na uwekezaji katika
08:06
over the long term,
140
474744
1412
sekta ya tumbaku kwa muda mrefu,
08:08
and I ask finance leaders
to consider them.
to consider them.
141
476180
3069
nawaomba viongozi wa fedha
08:12
The first risk is that fewer
and fewer people will smoke,
and fewer people will smoke,
142
480006
4091
wazitazame. Hatari ya kwanza ni
kuwa watu wachache
kuwa watu wachache
08:16
as a result of increasing
tobacco regulation.
tobacco regulation.
143
484121
3067
watavuta sigara, kutokana na kuongezeka
kwa taratibu za tumbaku.
kwa taratibu za tumbaku.
08:19
When these warnings were put
on cigarette packets in Canada,
on cigarette packets in Canada,
144
487891
3695
Wakati onyo hizi ziliwekwa kwenye
pakiti za sigara Canada,
pakiti za sigara Canada,
08:23
[Tobacco can make you impotent]
145
491610
1562
[Tumbaku inaweza kufanya ukose kuzalisha]
08:25
the first response of smokers was
to give them right back to the salespeople
to give them right back to the salespeople
146
493196
3678
jibu la kwanza la wavuta sigara
08:28
and say, "Could you please just give me
the ones that say they'll kill me?"
the ones that say they'll kill me?"
147
496898
3583
ni kuzirudisha kwa wauzaji na kusema,
"Tafadhali unaweza nipa zile zinzaosema zinaeza kuniua?"
"Tafadhali unaweza nipa zile zinzaosema zinaeza kuniua?"
08:32
(Laughter)
148
500505
1553
(Kicheko)
08:34
Regulation gets noticed,
regulation reduces consumption,
regulation reduces consumption,
149
502082
3737
Utaratibu unaonwa,
08:37
and we have 180 countries
committed to more regulation.
committed to more regulation.
150
505843
4464
utaratibu unapunguza matumizi,
kuna nchi 180 ambazo zimajitolea
kuna nchi 180 ambazo zimajitolea
08:43
Let's talk about litigation
and the risk that presents.
and the risk that presents.
151
511061
3127
kwenye utaratibu huu.
Tuzungumze kuhusu maswala ya sheria
Tuzungumze kuhusu maswala ya sheria
08:46
At present, it's the business model
of the tobacco industry
of the tobacco industry
152
514664
4143
maafa yanyokabidhiwa.
Kwa sasa, ni mfumo wa biashara
Kwa sasa, ni mfumo wa biashara
08:50
that is being challenged.
153
518831
1667
wa sekta ya tumbaku unaopingwa.
08:53
Currently, the tobacco industry
externalizes all of the health costs
externalizes all of the health costs
154
521133
4923
Kwa sasa, sekta ya tumbaku
08:58
associated with tobacco.
155
526080
1904
zinazohusika na tumbaku.
09:00
Governments pay,
communities pay, you pay, I pay.
communities pay, you pay, I pay.
156
528326
3388
Serikali zinalipa,
jamii zinalipa,
jamii zinalipa,
09:04
The tobacco industry
externalizes all those costs,
externalizes all those costs,
157
532222
4027
unalipa, ninalipa.
Sekta ya tumbaku
Sekta ya tumbaku
09:08
with an estimated one trillion
US dollars per year.
US dollars per year.
158
536273
3809
kwa pesa takriban
trilioni moja dola za Marekani.
trilioni moja dola za Marekani.
09:12
Yet they internalize
and privatize the profits.
and privatize the profits.
159
540527
3200
Na bado wanabinafsisha faida.
09:16
In 2015, in Quebec province,
160
544614
2906
Mwaka 2015, jimbo la Quebec,
09:19
the courts determined
that the tobacco industry
that the tobacco industry
161
547544
2207
mahakama ilidhihirisa
kuwa sekta ya tumbaku
kuwa sekta ya tumbaku
09:21
was indeed responsible
for those health costs,
for those health costs,
162
549775
2800
ilikuwaimesababisha hayo maafa ya afya
09:24
and ordered them to pay
15 billion US dollars.
15 billion US dollars.
163
552599
2476
na ikaishurutisha kulipa
dola bilioni 15 za Marekani.
dola bilioni 15 za Marekani.
09:27
That case is under appeal.
164
555457
1779
Hiyo kesi iko katika mahakama ya rufaa.
09:29
But it begs the question,
why should any of us, in any country,
why should any of us, in any country,
165
557260
6119
Lakini swali ni,
mbona yeyote kati
mbona yeyote kati
09:35
be paying for the costs
of the tobacco industry?
of the tobacco industry?
166
563403
3475
yetu wa nchi yoyote,
alipe gharama ya sekta ya tumbaku?
alipe gharama ya sekta ya tumbaku?
09:40
Let's move on to supply chain
and the risk there.
and the risk there.
167
568301
3761
Tusonge kwa ugavi na maafa huko.
09:44
It is not well known
168
572086
1873
Haijulikani vyema
09:45
that the tobacco industry
significantly relies on child labor.
significantly relies on child labor.
169
573983
5499
ya kuwa sekta ya tumbaku
inategemea
inategemea
09:53
In March 2017, the International
Labour Organization
Labour Organization
170
581394
3374
ajira kwa watoto.
Machi 2017, Shirika la Kazi Duniani
Machi 2017, Shirika la Kazi Duniani
09:56
issued a report which stated:
171
584792
2786
lilitoa ripoti iliyosema:
09:59
"In tobacco-growing communities,
child labor is rampant."
child labor is rampant."
172
587602
5063
"Kwa jamii zinazokuwa tumbaku,
ajira kwa watoto imeenea."
ajira kwa watoto imeenea."
10:05
The US Department of Labor
173
593499
1492
Wizara ya Marekani ya Ajira,
10:07
currently lists 16 countries
that use children to produce tobacco leaf.
that use children to produce tobacco leaf.
174
595015
6484
kwa sasa imeorodhesha mataifa
10:14
Scrutiny of supply chains is intensifying,
175
602155
2468
watoto kukuza matawi ya tumbaku.
Ukaguzi wa magavi unaimarishwa,
Ukaguzi wa magavi unaimarishwa,
10:16
and that cannot continue
to escape public attention.
to escape public attention.
176
604647
3230
na hilo linawdza endelea kuepuka uma.
10:20
Finally, there is also
reputation risk to consider
reputation risk to consider
177
608218
3177
Mwisho, kuna hatari ya sifa inayotazamiwa
10:23
for individuals and organizations
that continue to maintain an affiliation
that continue to maintain an affiliation
178
611419
4991
kwa watu binafsi na mashirika
yanayoendelea kuwa na huo uhusiano
yanayoendelea kuwa na huo uhusiano
10:28
with the tobacco industry.
179
616434
1508
na sekta ya tumbaku.
10:29
In countless surveys,
180
617966
1721
Kwa kura ya maoni kadhaa,
10:31
the tobacco industry ranks
as the world's least reputable industry.
as the world's least reputable industry.
181
619711
4200
sekta ya tumbaku inaorodheshwa
10:36
Let's just look at the impact on children.
182
624640
2279
kama sekta yenye sifa dhaidu.
Tutazema maafa yake kwa watoto.
Tutazema maafa yake kwa watoto.
10:39
Globally, every single day,
183
627355
3628
Ulimwenguni, kila siku,
10:43
it is estimated that
100,000 children start smoking.
100,000 children start smoking.
184
631007
5419
inatathminiwa kuwa watoto 100,000
walianza kuvuta sigara.
walianza kuvuta sigara.
10:48
That's enough children to fit
inside the Melbourne Cricket Ground.
inside the Melbourne Cricket Ground.
185
636807
3841
Hiyo ni idadi tosha ya watoto kujaza
Melbourne Cricket Ground.
Melbourne Cricket Ground.
10:53
And most of those children
are from the poorest communities on earth.
are from the poorest communities on earth.
186
641188
3611
Na baadhi ya hao watoto ni wakazi
wa mataifa maskini duniani.
wa mataifa maskini duniani.
10:57
Here in Australia, the average age
that people start smoking
that people start smoking
187
645252
4698
Hapa Australia, miaka ya wastani
watu huanza kuvuta sigara
watu huanza kuvuta sigara
11:01
is 16 years and two months.
188
649974
2571
ni miaka 16 hadi miezi miwili.
11:05
They look pretty young to me,
but the worst thing here
but the worst thing here
189
653338
2541
Kwangu ni wachanga zaidi,
na jambo mbaya zaidi hapa ni
na jambo mbaya zaidi hapa ni
11:07
is that while we don't have
data from every country on earth,
data from every country on earth,
190
655903
2888
ingali hatuna tarakimu kutoka
kwa kila nchi duniani,
kwa kila nchi duniani,
11:10
we believe that is the oldest age.
191
658815
2158
tunaamini kuwa huo ndio umri mkubwa.
11:13
Everywhere else is younger.
192
661427
2221
Kila mahali ni umri mdogo.
11:16
Now for the good news.
193
664760
1809
Sasa kwa habari njema.
11:18
Things are changing.
194
666593
1309
Mambo yanabadilika.
11:19
The finance sector is coming to the party.
195
667926
2675
Sekta ya fedha inahusishwa.
11:22
After around 2,000 meetings
with finance leaders,
with finance leaders,
196
670974
3238
Baada ya mikutano takriban
2,000 na viongozi wa fedha,
2,000 na viongozi wa fedha,
11:26
primarily in the cafés
of Melbourne and Sydney
of Melbourne and Sydney
197
674236
2540
haswaa katika mikahawa
ya Melbourne na Sydney
ya Melbourne na Sydney
11:28
and London and Paris and New York
and all across the globe,
and all across the globe,
198
676800
3507
na London na Paris na New York
na kote ulimwenguni,
na kote ulimwenguni,
11:32
momentum, moving away from investment
in the tobacco industry,
in the tobacco industry,
199
680331
3971
kasi, kutoka katika uwekezaji
katika sekta ya tumbaku,
katika sekta ya tumbaku,
11:36
is starting to snowball.
200
684326
1745
inaanza kutambulika.
11:38
Finance leaders are alarmed
when they're presented with the facts,
when they're presented with the facts,
201
686095
3191
Viongozi wa fedha hushtuka
11:41
and overwhelmingly,
they want to be part of the solution.
they want to be part of the solution.
202
689310
3491
wakikabidhiwa na ukweli wa mambo,
na kwa wingi, wanataka kuwa
na kwa wingi, wanataka kuwa
11:45
Here, in Australia, we now have
203
693357
2990
sehemu ya suluhisho.
Hapa Australia, sasa tuna
Hapa Australia, sasa tuna
11:48
10,636,101 superannuation accounts
204
696371
6651
10,636,101 akauti za mifuko ya ziada
11:55
that are tobacco-free.
205
703046
1340
ambazo hazihusiki na tumbaku.
11:56
That one is mine, by the way.
206
704410
1728
Hiyo ni yangu.
11:58
(Applause)
207
706162
6915
(Makofi)
12:05
There is still a lot of work to be done,
208
713101
1913
Bado kuna kazi mingi ya kufanywa,
12:07
but I've watched the conversation go
from "Should we go tobacco-free?"
from "Should we go tobacco-free?"
209
715038
3618
lakini nimetazama mazungumzo yakitoka
12:10
to "Why haven't we done it yet?"
210
718680
1920
"Tuelekee bila kuhusika na tumbaku?"
hadi "Mbona hatijafanya hilo bado?"
hadi "Mbona hatijafanya hilo bado?"
12:13
In the past year alone,
211
721174
1214
Mwaka uliopita pekee,
12:14
major tobacco-free moves have been made
by leading financial organizations
by leading financial organizations
212
722412
4254
hatua za kutohusika na
12:18
in eight different countries.
213
726690
2095
tumbaku zimefanywa na mashirika
ya kifedha makuu kwa nchi nane tofauti
ya kifedha makuu kwa nchi nane tofauti
12:20
In Australia, New Zealand,
the Netherlands, Sweden,
the Netherlands, Sweden,
214
728809
3038
Australia, New Zealand, Uholanzi, Uswidi
12:23
Denmark, France, Ireland and the USA.
215
731871
3063
Denmark, Ufaransa, Ireland na Marekani.
12:26
By sovereign wealth funds,
fund managers, pension funds,
fund managers, pension funds,
216
734958
3302
Meneja wa fedha za utawala huru,
mfuko wa pensheni,
mfuko wa pensheni,
12:30
banks, insurers and reinsurers.
217
738284
2301
mabenki na bima.
12:32
Since tobacco-free portfolios began,
218
740609
2135
Tangu uwekezaji usiohitaji tumbaku uanze,
12:34
more than six billion dollars
has been redirected
has been redirected
219
742768
3378
zaidi ya dola bilioni sita
12:38
away from investment
in the tobacco industry.
in the tobacco industry.
220
746170
3137
zimeekezwa kwingineko
kutoka kwa uwekezaji katika
kutoka kwa uwekezaji katika
12:41
The case study is well and truly proven.
221
749331
2667
sekta ya tumbaku.
Utafiti huu umeithibithishwa.
Utafiti huu umeithibithishwa.
12:45
When making the tobacco-free
announcement in March this year,
announcement in March this year,
222
753069
3103
Akitoa tangazo Machi mwaka huu
12:48
the CEO of AMP Capital said,
223
756196
2873
Mkurugenzi Mtendaji
wa AMP Capital alisema,
wa AMP Capital alisema,
12:51
"We are not prepared to deliver
investment returns
investment returns
224
759093
3706
"Hatuko tayari kurudisha uwekezaji
12:54
at any cost to society."
225
762823
2325
kwa gharama yoyote kwa jamii."
12:58
And that is the question
we need to ask ourselves.
we need to ask ourselves.
226
766117
2539
Na hilo ndilo swali tunapaswa kujiuliza.
13:01
Is there no baseline standard
below which we will not sink
below which we will not sink
227
769030
4682
Je, hamna kiwango cha msingi
tunaweza kitiri
tunaweza kitiri
13:05
to make profit?
228
773736
1150
kutengeneza faida?
13:08
Along the way, I've had a lot of help
and incredible support.
and incredible support.
229
776363
2968
Katika safari hiyo,
13:11
Now, if you're trying to do something,
230
779355
1833
nimepata usaidizi na ushirikisho mkubwa.
Sasa kama tunajaribu
Sasa kama tunajaribu
13:13
I highly recommend that you have
a princess on your team.
a princess on your team.
231
781212
2889
unajaribu kufanya kitu, ningekushauri
13:16
Her Royal Highness, Princess Dina Mired,
232
784871
2301
uwe na malkia katika timu yako.
Mkuu wa kifalme,
Mkuu wa kifalme,
13:19
is the global ambassador for this work.
233
787196
2841
Malkia Dina Mired,
ndiye balozi wa kimataifa
ndiye balozi wa kimataifa
13:22
We also have a lord,
a knight, a former premier,
a knight, a former premier,
234
790061
2851
wa kazi hii.
Pia tunaye bwana, knight,
Pia tunaye bwana, knight,
13:24
a former federal minister
and a stack of CEOs.
and a stack of CEOs.
235
792936
3005
waziri mkuu wa zamani,
waziri wa shirikisho wa zamani,
waziri wa shirikisho wa zamani,
13:28
But the capacity to change things
236
796373
2143
na baadhi ya mameneja wa utendaji.
Lakini uwezo wa kubadilisha
Lakini uwezo wa kubadilisha
13:30
does not rest exclusively
with these highly influential people.
with these highly influential people.
237
798540
3972
mambo haubaki tu kwa watu wenye ushawishi.
13:34
The power to do that is with all of us.
238
802992
3031
Uwezo huo uko nasi sote.
13:38
Everyone here can be part of the solution.
239
806696
2643
Kila mmoja hapa anaweza kuwa
sehemu ya utatuzisuluhisho.
sehemu ya utatuzisuluhisho.
13:41
In fact, everyone here must be
part of the solution.
part of the solution.
240
809363
3900
Kila mmoja hapa anapaswa
kuwa sehemu ya suluhisho.
kuwa sehemu ya suluhisho.
13:45
Most people in this room own companies
241
813809
4047
Baadhi ya watu kwenye chumba
hichi wanamiliki makampuni
hichi wanamiliki makampuni
13:49
via their superannuation funds,
their banks and their insurers.
their banks and their insurers.
242
817880
4267
kupitia mfuko wao wa malipo,
benki zao na wanaowatolea huduma za bima
benki zao na wanaowatolea huduma za bima
13:54
And it is time for us to ask them:
243
822483
2790
Na ni wakati wetu kuwauliza:
13:57
Are they investing our money
in companies that make products
in companies that make products
244
825297
4252
Wanaekeza hela zetu kwa makumpini
yanayotengeneza bidhaa
yanayotengeneza bidhaa
14:01
that kill seven million people every year?
245
829573
2745
zitakazowaua watu milioni saba kila mwaka?
14:04
It's your money.
246
832342
1270
Ni hela zako.
14:05
It's my money, it's our money.
247
833636
1687
Ni hela zako,
14:07
And that is a very reasonable question.
248
835347
3198
ni hela zetu. Na hilo ni swali
14:11
Pretty cramped up here,
249
839379
1595
nzuri sana. Nafasi hapa yapunguzwa,
14:13
with seven million people beside me today.
250
841824
2558
na watu milioni saba kando yangu.
14:16
But if we don't act now, and act together,
251
844823
3269
Tusipochukua hatu sasa,
na tuchukue hatua pamoja,
na tuchukue hatua pamoja,
14:20
we'll need to make way
for one billion people
for one billion people
252
848116
3380
itatulazimu tutengeneze nafasi
ya watu bilioni moja
ya watu bilioni moja
14:23
before the end of this century.
253
851520
2067
kabla ya mwisho wa karne hii.
14:25
And this is a very big stage.
254
853960
2405
Na hili ni jukwaa kubwa.
14:28
But there is no more room.
255
856841
1960
Lakini hakuna nafasi ya ziada.
14:30
Thank you.
256
858825
1167
Asanteni.
14:32
(Applause)
257
860016
4872
(Makofi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bronwyn King - Oncologist, tobacco-free advocateDr. Bronwyn King on a mission to save a billion lives -- from tobacco, the greatest preventable cause of premature death.
Why you should listen
After stumbling upon what she calls "the missing piece of global tobacco control," Dr. Bronwyn King abandoned plans for a career in medicine to start Tobacco Free Portfolios, a charity that brings the reality of tobacco into corporate boardrooms across the globe.
By working collaboratively with the global finance sector -- big banks, insurers and pension funds -- Dr. King and her team have been instrumental in major financial organizations in a dozen countries moving to tobacco-free finance, shifting more than twelve billion US dollars away from investment in tobacco. And she is just getting started.
Dr. King previously worked as Team Doctor for the Australian Swimming Team, was listed in 2014 as one of the Westpac/Australian Financial Review 100 Women of Influence and has received a host of medals and awards for building a bridge between the global health and finance sectors.
Bronwyn King | Speaker | TED.com