TEDMED 2017
Soka Moses: For survivors of Ebola, the crisis isn't over
索卡·摩西: 对于埃博拉病毒的幸存者而言，危机远未结束
Filmed:
Readability: 4.8
919,448 views
2014年，作为一名刚接受训练的医生，索卡·摩西（Soka Moses）承担了世界上最艰巨的工作之一：在利比里亚埃博拉疫情最严重的时候治疗高传染性的病人。在这场严肃的、伤感的谈话中，他详述了在危机前线所看到的一切——并揭示了数千名幸存者仍然面临的挑战和羞辱。
Soka Moses - Doctor
Dr. James Soka Moses began his fight against Ebola by treating patients, moved on to survivor treatment and studies and now advocates for an enlightened global approach to pandemic prevention and response. Full bio
Dr. James Soka Moses began his fight against Ebola by treating patients, moved on to survivor treatment and studies and now advocates for an enlightened global approach to pandemic prevention and response. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:25
June 13, 2014
0
760
3536
2014年6月13日，
00:29
started as a routine Friday
1
4320
2376
一个寻常的周五，
00:31
in Redemption Hospital in Monrovia,
the capital of Liberia.
the capital of Liberia.
2
6720
3280
利比里亚（西非国家）首都
蒙罗维亚的救赎医院。
蒙罗维亚的救赎医院。
00:36
Redemption is the largest
free public health hospital in the city.
free public health hospital in the city.
3
11120
3360
救赎医院是当地最大的免费公立医院。
00:40
We are called upon to serve
hundreds of thousands of people.
hundreds of thousands of people.
4
15240
3320
在这里我们作为医生
治疗过数十万患者。
治疗过数十万患者。
00:44
In the best of times
it puts strain on our resources.
it puts strain on our resources.
5
19320
2960
然而即便医院运行良好，
医疗资源也相当紧张。
医疗资源也相当紧张。
00:47
Monthly supplies run out within weeks,
6
22880
2016
每月的医疗物资
一两周内就消耗殆尽，
一两周内就消耗殆尽，
00:49
and patients without beds
would be seated in chairs.
would be seated in chairs.
7
24920
2560
没有床位的病人
只能坐在椅子上接受治疗。
只能坐在椅子上接受治疗。
00:53
That summer, we had a nurse
who had been sick for a while.
who had been sick for a while.
8
28720
3056
那年夏天，医院有位护士
病了一段时间，
病了一段时间，
00:56
Sick enough to be admitted
in our hospital.
in our hospital.
9
31800
2320
后来严重到需要入院治疗。
00:59
But our treatment
didn't seem to be helping her;
didn't seem to be helping her;
10
34880
2256
但我们的治疗似乎并没有帮助到她；
01:02
her symptoms were getting worse:
11
37160
1576
她的症状越来越严重：
01:03
diarrhea, severe abdominal pain,
fever and weakness.
fever and weakness.
12
38760
3920
如腹泻、严重腹痛、发烧和虚弱等。
01:08
On that particular Friday,
she developed severe respiratory distress,
she developed severe respiratory distress,
13
43440
4136
就在那个周五，
她出现了重度呼吸困难，
她出现了重度呼吸困难，
01:12
and her eyes were menacingly red.
14
47600
1760
眼睛变成了不正常的红色。
01:16
One of my fellow doctors,
a general surgeon,
a general surgeon,
15
51040
2656
我的同事，医院的一名普外科医生，
01:18
became suspicious of her condition.
16
53720
1736
对她的病情有所怀疑，
01:20
He said her symptoms
were suggestive of Ebola.
were suggestive of Ebola.
17
55480
2960
认为她的症状疑似
感染了埃博拉病毒。
感染了埃博拉病毒。
01:24
We kept a close watch on her,
we tried to help her.
we tried to help her.
18
59200
3016
我们一直对她密切观察，
并尽力帮助她。
并尽力帮助她。
01:27
We were treating her for malaria,
typhoid and gastroenteritis.
typhoid and gastroenteritis.
19
62240
4656
我们按照疟疾、伤寒
和肠胃炎对她进行治疗，
和肠胃炎对她进行治疗，
01:31
We didn't know it,
but by then it was too late.
but by then it was too late.
20
66920
2800
但我们不知道，那时候为时已晚。
01:36
The next morning I walked in
to check on my patient.
to check on my patient.
21
71600
2456
第二天一早，我去给病人做检查，
01:39
I could tell by the look in her eyes
that she was filled with fear.
that she was filled with fear.
22
74080
3160
从她的眼神里我可以看出，
她的内心充满了恐惧。
她的内心充满了恐惧。
01:42
I gave her reassurance,
but shortly after ...
but shortly after ...
23
77960
2440
我安慰了她，但不久后——
01:46
she died of Ebola.
24
81680
1360
她就死于埃博拉病毒感染。
01:50
For me, her death was very personal.
25
85960
2216
对我来说，她的死只是一个个例。
01:53
But this was just the beginning.
26
88200
1600
然而，这仅仅是个开始。
01:55
A virtual biological bomb had exploded.
27
90640
3160
虚拟的生物炸弹已经爆炸。
01:59
But the word spread faster than the virus,
and panic spread across the hospital.
and panic spread across the hospital.
28
94840
4120
但流言比病毒传播得更快，
恐慌蔓延到整个医院。
恐慌蔓延到整个医院。
02:05
All the patients ran away.
29
100560
3000
所有的病人都逃走了。
02:09
Then, all the nurses and doctors ran away.
30
104560
4360
然后，几乎所有的医生和护士也都跑了。
02:15
This was the beginning
of our medical tsunami --
of our medical tsunami --
31
110400
2856
这就是我们的医疗海啸的开始——
02:18
the devastating Ebola virus
32
113280
1816
毁灭性的埃博拉病毒
02:20
that left an indelible scar
in our country's history.
in our country's history.
33
115120
2680
给我们国家的历史
留下了不可磨灭的伤疤。
留下了不可磨灭的伤疤。
02:23
I was not trained for this.
34
118600
1800
我从没接受过应对这种问题的培训。
02:26
I had just graduated
from medical school two years before.
from medical school two years before.
35
121000
3696
那时我不过刚从医学院毕业两年。
02:29
At this time,
36
124720
1936
当时，
02:31
my total knowledge about Ebola
came from a one-page article
came from a one-page article
37
126680
3096
我对埃博拉病毒的全部了解
只是源于上学时读到
只是源于上学时读到
的一篇一页纸的文章。
02:34
I had read in medical school.
38
129800
1640
02:37
I perceived the disease as so dangerous,
39
132480
2856
而这页纸唯一的作用
02:40
this one page in essence had convinced me
to run out of the hospital, too,
to run out of the hospital, too,
40
135360
4896
不过是让我觉得这种疾病太过危险，
必须要望风而逃罢了。
02:45
the moment I heard of a case of Ebola.
41
140280
1920
02:47
But when it finally happened,
I stayed on and decided to help.
I stayed on and decided to help.
42
142920
3776
但当它最终发生时，
我决定留下来帮助病人。
我决定留下来帮助病人。
02:51
And so did several other
brave health care professionals.
brave health care professionals.
43
146720
3480
其他好几位勇敢的医护人员也是如此。
02:56
But we would pay a heavy price.
44
151200
2176
然而我们为此付出了沉重的代价。
02:58
Many persons and health professionals
had become high-risk contacts.
had become high-risk contacts.
45
153400
3936
许多医护人员已经变成
有高感染风险的接触者，
有高感染风险的接触者，
03:02
This actually meant 21 days counting
to potentially disease or death.
to potentially disease or death.
46
157360
4560
事实上这意味着，21天病毒潜伏期过后，
我们可能会患病甚至死亡。
我们可能会患病甚至死亡。
03:08
Our health systems were fragile,
47
163240
2056
我们的医疗体系如此脆弱，
03:10
our health workers
lacked skills and training.
lacked skills and training.
48
165320
2320
医护人员严重缺乏技术和训练。
03:13
So in the weeks and months that followed,
49
168960
1976
所以在接下来的几个月里，
03:15
health workers were disproportionately
affected by the Ebola virus disease.
affected by the Ebola virus disease.
50
170960
4376
医护人员受到了
埃博拉病毒的严重影响。
埃博拉病毒的严重影响。
03:20
More than 400 nurses, doctors and other
health professionals became infected.
health professionals became infected.
51
175360
5856
超过 400 名护士、医生
和卫生专家被病毒感染。
和卫生专家被病毒感染。
03:26
Unfortunately, my friend,
the general surgeon
the general surgeon
52
181240
3416
不幸的是，我的朋友
那个准确诊断出第一例
埃博拉感染的普外科医生
埃博拉感染的普外科医生
03:29
who correctly identified
the symptoms in that first case
the symptoms in that first case
53
184680
3080
03:33
became one of the casualties.
54
188560
1680
也因此丧生。
03:39
On July 27, the president of Liberia
55
194040
2696
7月27日，
利比里亚总统下令对
受影响最严重的地区实施隔离。
受影响最严重的地区实施隔离。
03:41
imposed quarantine
on the worst-affected areas.
on the worst-affected areas.
56
196760
3120
03:45
She closed all the schools
and universities
and universities
57
200960
2296
当地中小学和大学全部关闭，
03:48
and shut down many public events.
58
203280
2016
许多公共活动也被迫停止。
03:50
Four days later,
59
205320
1736
4天后，
03:52
the United States Peace Corps
60
207080
1856
美国和平队
03:53
pulled out of Liberia,
out of Sierra Leone and Guinea
out of Sierra Leone and Guinea
61
208960
4016
也撤出了利比里亚、
塞拉利昂和几内亚，
塞拉利昂和几内亚，
03:58
due to Ebola.
62
213000
1200
因为顾忌到埃博拉的肆虐。
04:00
In August, six weeks after the nurse died,
63
215760
3256
8月，那位被感染的护士死亡6周后，
04:04
hundreds of people were dying
of the disease each week.
of the disease each week.
64
219040
3056
每周都有上百人因埃博拉丧生，
04:07
People were dying in the streets.
65
222120
1600
很多人就这么横死街头。
04:09
Over the months that followed,
66
224720
1456
此后的数月里，
04:11
West Africa would lose thousands of people
to Ebola virus disease.
to Ebola virus disease.
67
226200
3776
西非地区的埃博拉
夺去了数千条人命。
夺去了数千条人命。
04:15
In August, I joined a team
to set up the Ebola treatment unit
to set up the Ebola treatment unit
68
230000
4216
当年8月，我在蒙罗维亚
的约翰肯尼迪（JFK）医院
的约翰肯尼迪（JFK）医院
04:19
at JFK hospital in Monrovia.
69
234240
2536
加入了一个团队，大家
共同建立埃博拉医疗小组。
共同建立埃博拉医疗小组。
04:21
I was charged with running the second
Ebola treatment unit in the city.
Ebola treatment unit in the city.
70
236800
4040
我负责管理当地
第二支埃博拉医疗小组。
第二支埃博拉医疗小组。
04:26
Our unit provided hope for thousands
of patients, families and communities.
of patients, families and communities.
71
241360
4720
我们的治疗小组为上千名患者、
他们的家人和社区带来了希望。
他们的家人和社区带来了希望。
04:32
I not only provided care,
I came face to face with Ebola.
I came face to face with Ebola.
72
247120
4416
我们不仅提供医疗护理，
而且要和埃博拉病毒正面交锋。
而且要和埃博拉病毒正面交锋。
04:36
Living every day as a high-risk
Ebola virus disease contact
Ebola virus disease contact
73
251560
4096
在病毒爆发最严重的时期，
作为高埃博拉感染风险
作为高埃博拉感染风险
的接触者生活的每一天
04:40
during the worst of the outbreak
74
255680
1616
都是我最糟糕的一段经历。
04:42
was one of my worst experiences.
75
257320
1735
04:44
I started counting 21 days every day.
76
259079
2817
我开始每天计算21天的病毒潜伏期，
04:46
I lived every moment anticipating
the onset of symptoms of the disease.
the onset of symptoms of the disease.
77
261920
4536
时刻做好出现感染症状的准备。
04:51
I measured my body
temperature several times.
temperature several times.
78
266480
2936
每天我都要量好几遍体温，
04:54
I showered with chlorinated water,
79
269440
2136
用高于推荐浓度
04:56
more concentrated
than actually recommended.
than actually recommended.
80
271600
2456
的氯化水洗澡。
04:59
I chlorinated my phones,
my pants, my hands, my car.
my pants, my hands, my car.
81
274080
3856
我用氯化水为我的手机、衣服、
车子，还有双手消毒。
车子，还有双手消毒。
05:02
My clothes became bleached.
82
277960
1800
我的衣服都被漂白了。
05:07
Those days you were alone,
83
282000
1776
那些日子里，你只能是一个人。
05:08
people were so afraid of touching anybody.
84
283800
3136
人们都害怕和别人发生肢体接触。
05:11
Everyone was counted
as a potential contact.
as a potential contact.
85
286960
3176
每个人都是潜在的病毒接触者。
05:15
Touching would make them sick.
86
290160
1536
似乎一旦肢体接触，就会感染。
05:16
I was stigmatized.
87
291720
1200
我感到被羞辱。
05:18
But if that was what it was for me,
who was symptom-free,
who was symptom-free,
88
293600
4016
可是如果对我这个
没有出现症状的人尚且如此，
没有出现症状的人尚且如此，
05:22
imagine what it was for someone
who actually had symptoms,
who actually had symptoms,
89
297640
3896
设想一下那些出现症状的人，
那些真正被感染的人，
那些真正被感染的人，
05:26
someone who had Ebola.
90
301560
1920
他们又作何感想呢？
05:31
We learned that to treat
Ebola successfully,
Ebola successfully,
91
306400
2496
我们意识到，要想成功治愈埃博拉，
05:33
we had to suspend
some of the normal rules of society.
some of the normal rules of society.
92
308920
2920
就不得不暂时摒弃正常的社会规则。
05:38
Our president declared
a state of emergency in August
a state of emergency in August
93
313160
3016
利比里亚总统在8月份
宣布国家进入紧急状态，
宣布国家进入紧急状态，
05:41
and suspended certain rights.
94
316200
1640
并暂停了部分公民权利。
05:43
And the national police even supported
our work during the Ebola response.
our work during the Ebola response.
95
318480
3760
国家警察甚至也来协助我们的工作。
05:49
In February 2015,
gang members came in for isolation
gang members came in for isolation
96
324960
3376
2015年2月，一批黑帮成员
来到我们的伊波拉病毒隔离组
来到我们的伊波拉病毒隔离组
05:53
in our Ebola isolation unit.
97
328360
1880
接受隔离。
这些人有个别号，叫
“蒙罗维亚大佬” （VIP Boys of Monrovia）
“蒙罗维亚大佬” （VIP Boys of Monrovia）
05:56
They were also know
as the VIP Boys of Monrovia,
as the VIP Boys of Monrovia,
98
331040
2856
05:58
terrifying small-time drug addicts
99
333920
2376
净是些可怕的瘾君子。
虽然依照法律，这些人不能持枪，
06:01
whose presence could instill
a tremendous amount of fear,
a tremendous amount of fear,
100
336320
2856
06:04
although they could not
legally carry guns.
legally carry guns.
101
339200
2680
可他们的出现还是
给人们造成了极大的恐慌。
给人们造成了极大的恐慌。
06:09
They underwent quarantine for 21 days
in our unit and were not arrested.
in our unit and were not arrested.
102
344960
3896
他们在我们的隔离组接受了
为期21天的隔离，而且没有遭到逮捕。
为期21天的隔离，而且没有遭到逮捕。
06:13
We told the police,
103
348880
1880
我们告诉警察，
06:16
"If you arrest them here,
104
351880
1920
“你们要是在这儿逮捕这些人，
他们就不会再来了，也无法得到治疗。
06:20
they will stop coming,
they won't get treated.
they won't get treated.
105
355320
2480
06:23
And the Ebola virus
will continue to spread."
will continue to spread."
106
358960
2560
埃博拉病毒将会因此继续扩散。”
06:27
The police agreed, and we were able
to treat the VIP Boys,
to treat the VIP Boys,
107
362440
2936
警方同意了我们的请求，
我们得以对这些“大佬”进行了治疗，
我们得以对这些“大佬”进行了治疗，
06:30
and they did not have to worry
about being arrested while in the unit.
about being arrested while in the unit.
108
365400
3560
他们也不用担心在治疗期间被逮捕。
整个病毒爆发期间，
西非近29000人患病，
西非近29000人患病，
06:35
Over the course of the outbreak,
West Africa had almost 29,000 cases.
West Africa had almost 29,000 cases.
109
370480
5096
06:40
More than 11,000 people died.
110
375600
3176
11000多人丧生。
06:43
And that included 12 of my fine colleagues
at John F. Kennedy hospital in Monrovia.
at John F. Kennedy hospital in Monrovia.
111
378800
4480
这其中就包括我在蒙罗维亚
约翰·肯尼迪医院工作期间的12位同事。
约翰·肯尼迪医院工作期间的12位同事。
2016年6月，恰好在
我的首例埃博拉患者死亡23个月后，
我的首例埃博拉患者死亡23个月后，
06:59
In June 2016, exactly 23 months
after my first Ebola patient died,
after my first Ebola patient died,
112
394640
5536
利比里亚宣布埃博拉疫情结束。
07:05
Liberia declared its Ebola outbreak ended.
113
400200
2680
07:08
We thought that once the outbreak ended,
114
403800
2416
我们本以为一旦疫情结束，
07:11
so did the problems.
115
406240
1896
其他问题也会迎刃而解。
07:13
We hoped that life
would go back to normal.
would go back to normal.
116
408160
2120
我们希望生活能够重新回到正轨。
07:16
Today, there are more
than 17,000 survivors in West Africa.
than 17,000 survivors in West Africa.
117
411440
4216
如今，西非有超过17000名
埃博拉病毒的幸存者。
埃博拉病毒的幸存者。
07:20
People who actually had
Ebola virus disease,
Ebola virus disease,
118
415680
2696
这些人作为埃博拉的患者，
07:23
lived through it and survived.
119
418400
2736
经历了这一切并幸存了下来。
我们将存活率视为成功：
07:26
We counted survival rate as a success:
120
421160
2840
病人结束了痛苦，他们的家庭重获喜悦。
07:29
the end of suffering for the patient
and fulfilling joy for families.
and fulfilling joy for families.
121
424880
3416
07:33
Every discharge from the unit
was a moment of jubilation.
was a moment of jubilation.
122
428320
3376
每次患者出院，都是值得庆祝的时刻。
07:36
At least so we thought.
123
431720
1720
至少我们是这么想的。
07:39
The best description
of the moment of discharge
of the moment of discharge
124
434800
2376
我的好友兼同事，菲利普·爱尔兰医生
07:42
and a rare glimpse into the moment
that defines our life post-Ebola
that defines our life post-Ebola
125
437200
3896
在接受《时代周刊》采访时，
07:46
was vividly expressed
in the words of my best friend
in the words of my best friend
126
441120
2776
用寥寥数语生动
的描述了出院时的景象，
的描述了出院时的景象，
07:48
and fellow doctor, Philip Ireland,
in an interview with "The Times."
in an interview with "The Times."
127
443920
3720
以及战胜埃博拉之后的生活。
07:53
He said at the time of his release,
128
448800
2256
他在出院时说，
07:56
"There were a lot of people there
from JFK hospital:
from JFK hospital:
129
451080
3496
“约翰·肯尼迪医院来了好多人：
07:59
my family, my elder brother,
my wife was there.
my wife was there.
130
454600
3040
我的家人、我的哥哥、我的妻子都在。
08:03
A lot of other doctors were there, too,
and members of the media were there.
and members of the media were there.
131
458280
3936
很多医生也来了，还有不少媒体也在。
08:07
And I felt like Nelson Mandela,
it felt like the 'Long Walk to Freedom,'
it felt like the 'Long Walk to Freedom,'
132
462240
4256
我感觉自己就像曼德拉，出院的
那几步路就是‘通往自由的漫漫长路’，
那几步路就是‘通往自由的漫漫长路’，
08:11
and I walked and raised
my hands to the heaven,
my hands to the heaven,
133
466520
2216
我一边走，一边将双手举向天空，
08:13
thanking God for saving my life."
134
468760
2640
感谢上帝的救命之恩。“
08:17
And Philip said,
"Then I saw something else.
"Then I saw something else.
135
472680
2160
菲利普说，”然后我看到了别的东西。
08:20
There were a lot of crying people,
people happy to see me.
people happy to see me.
136
475760
3216
有很多哭泣的人，
他们因为见到了我喜极而泣。
他们因为见到了我喜极而泣。
08:24
But when I got close to anybody,
they backed away."
they backed away."
137
479000
4160
可当我走近他们的时候，
他们却向后退开了。”
他们却向后退开了。”
08:30
For many Ebola survivors,
society still seems to be backing away,
society still seems to be backing away,
138
485320
3416
对于许多埃博拉的幸存者而言，
整个社会似乎在疏离他们，
整个社会似乎在疏离他们，
08:33
even as they struggle
to lead a normal life.
to lead a normal life.
139
488760
2416
即使他们为过上正常的生活
而竭尽了全力。
而竭尽了全力。
08:36
For these survivors, life can be compared
to another health emergency.
to another health emergency.
140
491200
4480
对于这些幸存者而言，
生活本身就是另一出健康危机。
生活本身就是另一出健康危机。
08:42
They may suffer debilitating
joint and body pain.
joint and body pain.
141
497120
2976
他们或许会饱受关节无力
和身体疼痛的折磨。
和身体疼痛的折磨。
08:45
The suffering gradually decays
over time for most.
over time for most.
142
500120
2376
对于他们中的大多数来说，
痛苦会随时间慢慢减弱。
痛苦会随时间慢慢减弱。
08:47
However, many continue
to bear intermittent pain.
to bear intermittent pain.
143
502520
4856
然而，不少人要继续
忍受着间歇性疼痛，
忍受着间歇性疼痛，
08:52
Some survivors are blind,
others have neurological disabilities.
others have neurological disabilities.
144
507400
3760
一些幸存者失明了，
另一些出现了神经障碍。
另一些出现了神经障碍。
08:57
Some survivors experience stigmatization
every day, in many ways.
every day, in many ways.
145
512280
4056
有的幸存者每天都在遭受各种羞辱，
09:01
A lot of children are orphans.
146
516360
1856
很多孩子都变成了孤儿，
09:03
Some survivors experience
post-traumatic stress disorder.
post-traumatic stress disorder.
147
518240
3000
一些幸存者患上了
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD），
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD），
09:07
And some survivors
lack opportunity for education.
lack opportunity for education.
148
522120
3040
还有人错失了受教育的机会，
09:12
Even families can be split apart
by fear of Ebola, too.
by fear of Ebola, too.
149
527080
3080
对于埃博拉的恐惧
甚至让很多家庭分崩离析。
甚至让很多家庭分崩离析。
09:17
There's no definitive cure
for transmitting Ebola virus through sex.
for transmitting Ebola virus through sex.
150
532160
3376
对于埃博拉病毒的性传播，
目前还没有根治的方法，
目前还没有根治的方法，
09:20
However, there are successful
interventions for prevention.
interventions for prevention.
151
535560
4120
但是，通过医疗干预
可以成功进行预防。
可以成功进行预防。
09:25
We have worked hard on semen testing,
152
540640
2696
我们在精液检测、行为咨询、
提倡安全性行为以及
相关研究方面下了很大功夫。
相关研究方面下了很大功夫。
09:28
behavioral counseling,
safe sex promotion and research.
safe sex promotion and research.
153
543360
3280
09:33
For the past year, there have been
no cases of sexual transmission.
no cases of sexual transmission.
154
548160
3656
过去一年间都没有出现
性传播的病例。
性传播的病例。
09:36
But some male survivors
have lost their spouses
have lost their spouses
155
551840
2336
但是一些男性幸存者的配偶
09:39
out of fear they will be
infected with Ebola.
infected with Ebola.
156
554200
2536
还是因为害怕被传染而离开了。
09:41
That's how families are torn apart.
157
556760
2080
家庭就是这样破裂的。
09:46
Another tremendous challenge
for Ebola survivors
for Ebola survivors
158
561000
2416
埃博拉幸存者所面临
的另一个巨大挑战，
的另一个巨大挑战，
09:48
is obtaining adequate health care.
159
563440
1840
就是获取充足的医疗保障。
09:50
In theory, Liberia's public
health services are free of charge.
health services are free of charge.
160
565960
5496
理论上，利比里亚
的公共医疗是免费的，
的公共医疗是免费的，
09:56
In practice, our health system
lacks the funding and capacity
lacks the funding and capacity
161
571480
4416
而实际上，我们的医疗体系
缺乏资金和能力，
缺乏资金和能力，
10:00
to expand care
to all at the point of need.
to all at the point of need.
162
575920
2920
无法为所有人
在需要的时候提供保障。
在需要的时候提供保障。
10:06
Many survivors have waited
many months to undergo surgery
many months to undergo surgery
163
581120
3176
很多幸存者都要等上好几个月
10:09
to heal their blinding cataracts.
164
584320
1800
才能接受白内障手术。
10:12
Few had to relive
the traumatic experience,
the traumatic experience,
165
587200
2656
少数人不得不再次体验
疾病爆发时的惨痛经历，
疾病爆发时的惨痛经历，
10:14
when their blood was retested for Ebola
at the point of admission.
at the point of admission.
166
589880
3536
因为他们在入院时会重新接受
针对埃博拉病毒的血检，
针对埃博拉病毒的血检，
10:18
Some survivors experienced
delayed or deferred admission
delayed or deferred admission
167
593440
3216
一些幸存者在需要住院的时候
不是被推迟，就是被延期，
不是被推迟，就是被延期，
10:21
due to limited bed capacity.
168
596680
1600
因为医院的床位不够，
10:23
No bed available for one more patient.
169
598920
2200
没法再多容纳哪怕一位患者。
10:27
This is neither national policy
nor officially condoned,
nor officially condoned,
170
602120
4096
这种行为既不是国家政策，
也不是官方授意的，
也不是官方授意的，
10:31
but many people are still afraid
of the sporadic resurgence of Ebola virus.
of the sporadic resurgence of Ebola virus.
171
606240
4600
但是很多人还是害怕
埃博拉病毒零星复发。
埃博拉病毒零星复发。
10:36
The results can be tragic.
172
611840
1560
因为一旦发生，后果不堪设想。
10:39
I have seen Beatrice, an Ebola
survivor, several times now.
survivor, several times now.
173
614160
3616
有一位名叫碧翠斯的埃博拉幸存者，
我见过她很多次了。
我见过她很多次了。
10:42
She's 26 years old.
174
617800
1480
她今年26岁。
10:45
Many of her family members
became infected, she luckily survived.
became infected, she luckily survived.
175
620440
3320
她家里有不少人感染了埃博拉，
而她幸运地活了下来。
而她幸运地活了下来。
10:49
But since that day in 2014
she was discharged
she was discharged
176
624520
3216
但是自从2014年她出院，
10:52
to cheering health workers,
177
627760
1336
与医务人员一起欢呼后，
10:54
her life has never been the same.
178
629120
1816
她的人生从此就不同了。
10:55
She became blind as the result of Ebola.
179
630960
2280
因为埃博拉，她丧失了视力。
11:00
In 2014, the baby of a dear friend of mine
was only two months old,
was only two months old,
180
635760
3656
2014年，我一个好朋友的孩子
才不过2个月大，
才不过2个月大，
11:04
when both parents and child were admitted
in an Ebola treatment unit in Monrovia.
in an Ebola treatment unit in Monrovia.
181
639440
4336
那时他们一家三口都在
蒙罗维亚医疗小组接受埃博拉病毒治疗。
蒙罗维亚医疗小组接受埃博拉病毒治疗。
11:08
Luckily, they survived.
182
643800
1560
幸运的是，他们都活了下来。
11:11
My friend's baby
is almost three years old now,
is almost three years old now,
183
646480
2576
我朋友的孩子现在已经快3岁了，
11:14
but cannot stand,
cannot walk, cannot speak.
cannot walk, cannot speak.
184
649080
3216
但是他无法站立、不会走路，
甚至不能说话。
甚至不能说话。
11:17
He has failure to thrive.
185
652320
1480
他没办法茁壮成长，
11:19
There are many more hidden experiences
and many stories are yet untold.
and many stories are yet untold.
186
654760
4200
许多类似的经历和故事都还不为人知。
11:26
The survivors of Ebola
deserve our attention and support.
deserve our attention and support.
187
661440
4480
我们应该给予埃博拉病毒
的幸存者们更多的关注和支持。
的幸存者们更多的关注和支持。
11:33
The only way we can defeat this pandemic
188
668120
2616
只有当我们在这场
最后的战役中取得成功，
最后的战役中取得成功，
11:35
is when we ensure
that we win this final battle.
that we win this final battle.
189
670760
2840
才算是真的战胜了这场流行病。
11:39
Our best opportunity is to ensure
190
674440
1896
实现这一目标最好的方法，
就是确保
就是确保
11:41
that every survivor receives
adequate care at the point of need
adequate care at the point of need
191
676360
4776
每位幸存者在需要时
能够得到充分的照顾，
能够得到充分的照顾，
11:46
without any form of stigma
and at no cost to them personally.
and at no cost to them personally.
192
681160
3480
要让他们免遭羞辱，
不必负担个人费用。
不必负担个人费用。
11:50
How can a society consider itself healed
193
685320
3000
当一个人的身份
11:55
when a person's entire identity
194
690080
2136
完全被埃博拉幸存者所定义，
11:57
is defined by the fact
that they recovered from Ebola?
that they recovered from Ebola?
195
692240
3016
又怎么能认为社会的创伤已经被抚平？
12:00
Should a previous disease
that a person no longer has
that a person no longer has
196
695280
2976
难道已经治愈了的疾病
12:03
become the sum total of their identity,
197
698280
2616
应该成为个人身份的全部，
12:05
the identifier in their passport
198
700920
2056
成为护照里的一个标识，
12:08
that deters you from traveling
to seek medical care abroad?
to seek medical care abroad?
199
703000
3080
让这个人无法出国就医吗？
12:11
Simply the ID that denies you health care.
200
706880
2456
仅仅是埃博拉幸存者，
就得不到医疗保障，
就得不到医疗保障，
12:14
Or prevents you from having
a relationship with your spouse.
a relationship with your spouse.
201
709360
3256
无法维系正常夫妻关系，
12:17
Or denies you of family,
of friend or home.
of friend or home.
202
712640
3456
不再拥有家人、朋友或是住所，
12:21
Or prevents you from
carrying on your normal job,
carrying on your normal job,
203
716120
2736
无法继续正常工作，
12:23
so you can put food on the table
or have a roof over your family's head.
or have a roof over your family's head.
204
718880
3840
缺衣少食，无处容身。
12:28
What is the meaning of the right to life
205
723680
3016
当我们的生活
被羞辱和隔阂笼罩之时，
生命权的意义又是什么？
生命权的意义又是什么？
12:31
when our life is clouded by stigma
and barriers that fuel that stigma?
and barriers that fuel that stigma?
206
726720
3720
12:36
Until we have much better answers
to those questions in West Africa,
to those questions in West Africa,
207
731360
3896
在西非为这些问题
找到更好的答案之前，
找到更好的答案之前，
12:40
our work is not over yet.
208
735280
1560
我们的工作还远没有结束。
12:44
Liberians are a resilient people.
209
739840
2960
利比里亚人民是坚韧的民族，
12:48
And we know how to rise to a challenge,
even a devastating one.
even a devastating one.
210
743960
3720
我们知道如何应对挑战，
甚至是毁灭性的挑战。
甚至是毁灭性的挑战。
12:54
My best memories of the outbreak
211
749360
1576
我对于这次疫情爆发
的最美好的回忆
的最美好的回忆
12:55
center on those many people
who survived the disease,
who survived the disease,
212
750960
2696
主要来自于那些幸存者，
但那些奋力工作的医生、护士、
志愿者和工作人员也都令我难忘，
志愿者和工作人员也都令我难忘，
12:58
but I cannot forget the hard-working
nurses, doctors, volunteers and staff
nurses, doctors, volunteers and staff
213
753680
5336
13:04
who risked their own safety
in service of humanity.
in service of humanity.
214
759040
3576
他们牺牲自身的安危进行人道救助，
13:07
And some even losing
their lives in the process.
their lives in the process.
215
762640
2280
一些人甚至为此付出了生命。
13:12
During the worst of the contagion,
216
767400
1936
在疫情最严重的时候，
13:14
one thing kept us making those perilous
daily journeys into the Ebola wards.
daily journeys into the Ebola wards.
217
769360
4976
一股力量让我们日复一日
冒险进入埃博拉病房，
冒险进入埃博拉病房，
13:19
We had a passion to save lives.
218
774360
2640
那就是治病救人的热情。
13:24
Was I afraid during the Ebola outbreak?
219
779640
1976
要问我在埃博拉爆发的时候害怕吗？
13:26
Of course I was.
220
781640
1280
答案当然是肯定的，
13:29
But for me, the opportunity
to protect our global health security
to protect our global health security
221
784680
4576
但对我而言，守护全球健康安全，
13:34
and keep communities safe at home
and abroad was an honor.
and abroad was an honor.
222
789280
4080
让国内外的人免受
疾病之苦，是我的荣幸。
疾病之苦，是我的荣幸。
13:39
So as the dangers became greater,
our humanity became stronger.
our humanity became stronger.
223
794120
3760
因此危险越巨大，
我们的人性也就越强大。
我们的人性也就越强大。
13:43
We faced our fears.
224
798880
1840
我们能直面自己的恐惧。
13:47
The global health community
working together defeated Ebola,
working together defeated Ebola,
225
802360
4336
全球健康组织团结一致对抗埃博拉，
13:51
and that ...
226
806720
1200
而这——
13:53
that is how I know
227
808640
3456
也让我明白，
13:57
that we can defeat its aftermath
228
812120
3736
我们终将荡平埃博拉的余波，
14:00
in our hearts, in our minds
and in our communities.
and in our communities.
229
815880
4840
无论是在情感、意识层面，
还是在人与人之间，都将如此。
还是在人与人之间，都将如此。
14:06
Thank you.
230
821600
1216
谢谢。
14:07
(Applause)
231
822840
4640
（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Soka Moses - DoctorDr. James Soka Moses began his fight against Ebola by treating patients, moved on to survivor treatment and studies and now advocates for an enlightened global approach to pandemic prevention and response.
Why you should listen
At the height of Liberia's 2014 Ebola outbreak, newly trained physician James Soka Moses took on one of the toughest jobs in the country -- working in one of Monrovia’s largest Ebola Treatment Units, managing a high volume, highly contagious patient population while adopting a collaborative, systems-based public health approach. Once Ebola transmissions reduced, he turned his focus to Liberia’s thousands of survivors through the Ebola Survivor’s Clinic, providing treatment, support and training for patients and leading an important program to mitigate sexual transmission of the disease. In 2017, Moses was featured in the CNN documentary Unseen Enemy, which recounts the effects of the Ebola, SARS and Zika pandemics, as well as the consequences of emerging infectious disease threats on global health security.
Soka Moses | Speaker | TED.com