TEDGlobal 2017
Nighat Dad: How Pakistani women are taking the internet back
尼加特·戴德: 巴基斯坦女性如何夺回上网的权力
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TED成员尼加特·戴德研究的是网络骚扰，尤其是当网络骚扰涉及父权文化时，比如她所在的巴基斯坦小村庄里的父权文化。她讲述了自己如何建立巴基斯坦第一条网络骚扰求助热线的故事，该热线为在网上面临严重威胁的女性提供支持。“安全上网就是获取知识，知识就是自由，”她说，“当我为女性的数字权利而战时，我是在为平等而战。"
Nighat Dad - Lawyer, human rights activist
TED Fellow Nighat Dad heads the Digital Rights Foundation, Pakistan -- a researched based advocacy not-for-profit geared towards ICT to support human rights, democratic processes, and digital governance. Full bio
TED Fellow Nighat Dad heads the Digital Rights Foundation, Pakistan -- a researched based advocacy not-for-profit geared towards ICT to support human rights, democratic processes, and digital governance. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Imagine waking up to a stranger --
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想象一下，睡梦中醒来时
旁边有个陌生人——
旁边有个陌生人——
有时是好几个陌生人——
00:15
sometimes multiple strangers --
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00:18
questioning your right to existence
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因为你在网上写的文字，
而质疑你的生存权，
00:21
for something that you wrote online,
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00:25
waking up to an angry message,
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醒来时面对一条愤怒的短信，
害怕和担心自己的安全。
00:28
scared and worried for your safety.
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00:31
Welcome to the world of cyberharassment.
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欢迎来到网络骚扰的世界。
00:35
The kind of harassment that women
face in Pakistan is very serious
face in Pakistan is very serious
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巴基斯坦女性面临的骚扰非常严重，
有时会导致致命的后果。
00:39
and leads to sometimes deadly outcomes.
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00:43
This kind of harassment keeps women
from accessing the internet --
from accessing the internet --
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这种骚扰使妇女无法上网——
从本质上讲，就无法获取知识。
00:46
essentially, knowledge.
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00:48
It's a form of oppression.
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这是一种压迫。
00:52
Pakistan is the sixth most populous
country in the world,
country in the world,
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巴基斯坦是世界第六人口大国，
有1.4亿人可以使用移动技术，
00:56
with 140 million people having access
to mobile technologies,
to mobile technologies,
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互联网普及率达到15%。
01:00
and 15 percent internet penetration.
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01:05
And this number doesn't seem to go down
with the rise of new technologies.
with the rise of new technologies.
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随着新技术的兴起，
这个数字似乎还在攀升。
这个数字似乎还在攀升。
01:10
Pakistan is also the birthplace
of the youngest Nobel Peace Prize winner,
of the youngest Nobel Peace Prize winner,
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巴基斯坦也是最年轻的
诺贝尔和平奖得主
诺贝尔和平奖得主
马拉拉·优萨福扎伊的出生地。
01:15
Malala Yousafzai.
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01:18
But that's just one aspect of Pakistan.
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但这只是巴基斯坦的一个方面。
01:21
Another aspect is where
the twisted concept of honor
the twisted concept of honor
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另一方面是，扭曲的荣誉概念
与妇女和她们的身体联系在一起；
01:26
is linked to women and their bodies;
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01:29
where men are allowed to disrespect women
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这里允许男性不尊重女性，
有时甚至以所谓"家族荣誉"的名义
01:33
and even kill them sometimes
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01:35
in the name of so-called "family honor";
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杀害她们；
01:38
where women are left to die
right outside their houses
right outside their houses
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女人被扔在屋外等死，
只因为用手机与一个男人通话，
01:43
for speaking to a man on a mobile phone,
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这样做的名义是“家族荣誉”。
01:45
in the name of "family honor."
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01:48
Let me say this very clearly:
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让我把这一点说清楚：
01:50
it's not honor;
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这不是荣誉；
这是冷血的谋杀。
01:52
it's a cold-blooded murder.
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01:57
I come from a very small village
in Punjab, Pakistan,
in Punjab, Pakistan,
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我来自巴基斯坦旁遮普的
一个非常小的村庄，
一个非常小的村庄，
那里不允许妇女接受高等教育。
02:01
where women are not allowed
to pursue their higher education.
to pursue their higher education.
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02:07
The elders of my extended family
didn't allow their women
didn't allow their women
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大家庭的长辈不允许家中女人
接受高等教育或从事任何职业。
02:11
to pursue their higher education
or their professional careers.
or their professional careers.
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然而，与家族的其他男性长者不同，
02:14
However, unlike the other
male guardians of my family,
male guardians of my family,
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我的父亲真心地支持
我的雄心壮志。
我的雄心壮志。
02:19
my father was one who really
supported my ambitions.
supported my ambitions.
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02:25
To get my law degree,
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为了拿到法学学位，
02:28
of course, it was really difficult,
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当然那很难，
还有因不赞成而紧缩的眉头。
02:32
and [there were] frowns of disapproval.
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02:37
But in the end, I knew
it's either me or them,
it's either me or them,
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但最终，我知道，
要么选自己，要么选他们，
要么选自己，要么选他们，
我选择了我自己。
02:40
and I chose myself.
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02:44
(Applause)
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（掌声）
02:50
My family's traditions
and expectations for a woman
and expectations for a woman
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我的家族传统和对女人的期望
不允许我结婚前拥有手机。
02:53
wouldn't allow me to own a mobile
phone until I was married.
phone until I was married.
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02:57
And even when I was married,
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即使在我结婚之后，
手机变成了监视我自己的工具。
02:59
this tool became a tool
for my own surveillance.
for my own surveillance.
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03:04
When I resisted this idea
of being surveilled by my ex-husband,
of being surveilled by my ex-husband,
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当我拒绝接受
前夫要监视我的想法时，
前夫要监视我的想法时，
他绝不同意，
03:09
he really didn't approve of this
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并把我和六个月大的儿子阿卜杜拉
03:11
and threw me out of his house,
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03:13
along with my six-month-old
son, Abdullah.
son, Abdullah.
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一起赶出了他的房子。
03:17
And that was the time
when I first asked myself, "Why?
when I first asked myself, "Why?
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那是我第一次问自己：“为什么？
为什么不让妇女享有
03:21
Why are women not allowed
to enjoy the same equal rights
to enjoy the same equal rights
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《宪法》规定的同样平等权利？
03:25
enshrined in our Constitution?
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03:28
While the law states that a woman
has the same equal access
has the same equal access
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既然法律规定妇女有
同样的平等机会获取信息，
03:32
to the information,
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但为什么总是要男人——
兄弟、父亲和丈夫——
兄弟、父亲和丈夫——
03:34
why is it always men -- brothers,
fathers and husbands --
fathers and husbands --
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来赐予我们这些权利，
03:37
who are granting these rights to us,
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而让法律变得形同虚设？”
03:39
effectively making the law irrelevant?"
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03:44
So I decided to take a step,
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所以我决定采取行动，
而不只是继续质疑
03:46
instead of keep questioning
these patriarchal structures
these patriarchal structures
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这些父权制结构和社会规范。
03:49
and societal norms.
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03:51
And I founded the Digital Rights
Foundation in 2012
Foundation in 2012
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我在2012年成立了
数字权利基金会，
数字权利基金会，
以解决网络空间中
女性遇到的问题和经历，
女性遇到的问题和经历，
03:55
to address all the issues
and women's experiences in online spaces
and women's experiences in online spaces
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以及网络骚扰。
04:02
and cyberharassment.
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04:04
From lobbying for free and safe internet
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从游说争取自由且安全的互联网，
到说服年轻女性相信
04:08
to convincing young women
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使用安全的互联网
是她们的基本人权，
是她们的基本人权，
04:10
that access to the safe internet
is their fundamental, basic, human right,
is their fundamental, basic, human right,
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我正在努力发挥自己的作用，
04:15
I'm trying to play my part
in igniting the spark
in igniting the spark
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燃起星火以求解决这些年来
困扰我的问题。
困扰我的问题。
04:18
to address the questions
that have bothered me all these years.
that have bothered me all these years.
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04:22
With a hope in my heart,
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我心中怀着希望，
为了解决这一威胁，
04:24
and to offer a solution to this menace,
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我设立了巴基斯坦及地区的
第一条网络骚扰求助热线，
第一条网络骚扰求助热线，
04:27
I started Pakistan's and the region's
first cyberharassment help line
first cyberharassment help line
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2016年12月开通——
04:31
in December 2016 --
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04:33
(Applause)
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(掌声)
04:40
to extend my support to the women
who do not know who to turn to
who do not know who to turn to
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向那些在网上面临严重威胁时
不知向谁求助的女性
伸出援手。
伸出援手。
04:44
when they face serious threats online.
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04:47
I think of the women who do not have
the necessary support
the necessary support
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我想到的是那些
在网上感到不安全时
在网上感到不安全时
没有必要的支持来
应对精神创伤的女性，
应对精神创伤的女性，
04:51
to deal with the mental trauma
when they feel unsafe in online spaces,
when they feel unsafe in online spaces,
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她们每天忙忙碌碌，
04:57
and they go about their daily activities,
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还要担心收件箱里的强暴威胁。
04:59
thinking that there is
a rape threat in their in-box.
a rape threat in their in-box.
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05:03
Safe access to the internet
is an access to knowledge,
is an access to knowledge,
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安全上网就是通向知识之路，
知识就是自由。
05:07
and knowledge is freedom.
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当我为妇女的网络权利而战时，
05:09
When I fight for women's digital rights,
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05:11
I'm fighting for equality.
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我为平等而战。
05:13
Thank you.
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谢谢。
（掌声）
05:14
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nighat Dad - Lawyer, human rights activistTED Fellow Nighat Dad heads the Digital Rights Foundation, Pakistan -- a researched based advocacy not-for-profit geared towards ICT to support human rights, democratic processes, and digital governance.
Why you should listen
Nighat Dad is an accomplished lawyer and a human rights activist. She is one of the pioneers who have been campaigning around access to open internet in Pakistan and globally. She is the only Pakistani fellow for Young Global Leaders 2018 supported by World Economic Forum and TEDGlobal Fellows for 2017. She has been listed as a Next Generation Leader by TIME and is the recipient of Atlantic Council Freedom Award and Human Rights Tulip Award.
Dad has been fighting against online gender-based violence, making the internet safe and inclusive for everyone to use. She's been referred to as the "Pakistani lawyer trolling the trolls" by BBC for her valor in calling out the harassers online. She has been actively advocating for increased participation of women in public spaces through national and international platforms. She tweets at @nighatdad.
Nighat Dad | Speaker | TED.com