TED2018
Robin Steinberg: What if we ended the injustice of bail?
洛宾 · 斯丁伯格: 假如我们结束不公正的保释金会如何？
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Readability: 4
2,447,814 views
每个晚上，美国都有超过45万人因为无法支付保释金，而被关在监狱中。保释金的额度往往是500美元左右：对一些人来说很少，对另一些人来说则根本无法负担。这就导致了真实的人间悲剧——人们失去工作，失去房子，失去生命。这也让法制体系中的种族差异越来越大。洛宾 · 斯丁伯格有一个大胆的改变现状的想法。在这个震撼的演讲中，她为她的保释金工程画出了蓝图——一个史无前例的、全国的保释金代付基金，用来对抗大规模监禁。她充满野心的计划，是TED全新的、激励人们改变世界的“大胆计划”（Audacious Project）的第一批想法之一。
Robin Steinberg - Public defender, activist
Robin Steinberg is the CEO of The Bail Project, a new organization designed to combat mass incarceration in the United States by disrupting the money bail system -- one person at a time. As she says: "I hate injustice and simply can't sit still when I see it." Full bio
Robin Steinberg is the CEO of The Bail Project, a new organization designed to combat mass incarceration in the United States by disrupting the money bail system -- one person at a time. As she says: "I hate injustice and simply can't sit still when I see it." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
我永远不会忘记第一次
去监狱拜访当事人的情景。
去监狱拜访当事人的情景。
00:12
I will never forget the first time
I visited a client in jail.
I visited a client in jail.
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00:17
The heavy, metal door slammed behind me,
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沉重的铁门在我身后猛地关上，
00:19
and I heard the key turn in the lock.
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钥匙在锁孔里转动的声音是那么清晰。
00:22
The cement floor underneath me
had a sticky film on it
had a sticky film on it
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我脚下的水泥地上
是一层粘脚的薄膜，
是一层粘脚的薄膜，
00:25
that made a ripping sound,
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会发出撕裂般的声响，
就像从纸盒上撕下胶带时
发出的那种声响，
发出的那种声响，
00:27
like tape being pulled off a box,
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00:29
every time I moved my foot.
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它伴随着我迈出的每一步。
00:31
The only connection to the outside world
was a small window placed too high to see.
was a small window placed too high to see.
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这里与外界的唯一联系就是
一个高得根本看不见的小窗。
一个高得根本看不见的小窗。
00:37
There was a small, square table
bolted to the floor
bolted to the floor
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房间里有一个被钉在地上、小小的方桌，
桌子两边
00:40
and two metal chairs,
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00:41
one on either side.
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各有一张金属的椅子。
00:44
That was the first time
I understood viscerally --
I understood viscerally --
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就在那一瞬间，
00:47
just for a fleeting moment --
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我第一次切身地体会到了
一个人被监禁的感觉。
00:50
what incarceration might feel like.
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身为一名年轻的公设辩护律师，
那时候的我就向自己保证，
那时候的我就向自己保证，
00:52
And I promised myself all those years ago
as a young, public defender
as a young, public defender
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我永远永远都不会忘记那种感觉。
00:56
that I would never,
ever forget that feeling.
ever forget that feeling.
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01:00
And I never have.
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我的确从来没有忘记。
那种感觉激励着我
为每一个当事人的自由而抗争，
为每一个当事人的自由而抗争，
01:02
It inspired me to fight for each
and every one of my clients' freedom
and every one of my clients' freedom
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就如为我自己的自由抗争一样。
01:05
as if it was my own.
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01:09
Freedom.
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自由——
01:10
A concept so fundamental
to the American psyche
to the American psyche
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这个理念对于美国精神是如此重要，
我们把它永远写在了宪法中。
01:14
that it is enshrined in our constitution.
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01:17
And yet, America is addicted
to imprisonment.
to imprisonment.
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然而，美国却对囚禁犯人情有独钟。
01:22
From slavery through mass incarceration,
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从奴隶制到大规模监禁，
一直都是这样。
01:25
it always has been.
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01:27
Look, we all know the shocking numbers.
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我们都知道这些可怕的数据。
美国的人均被监禁率
01:30
The United States incarcerates
more people per capita
more people per capita
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居世界之首。
01:33
than almost any nation on the planet.
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01:36
But what you may not know
is that on any given night in America,
is that on any given night in America,
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但你可能并不知道，
在美国，每个晚上，
在美国，每个晚上，
都有将近50万人
不得不在水泥牢房中入睡，
不得不在水泥牢房中入睡，
01:41
almost half a million people go to sleep
in those concrete jail cells
in those concrete jail cells
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01:45
who have not been convicted of anything.
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尽管他们还未被定罪。
01:49
These mothers and fathers
and sons and daughters
and sons and daughters
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这些母亲、父亲、儿子、女儿，
被囚禁的原因只有一个：
01:53
are there for one reason
and one reason only:
and one reason only:
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他们无法为他们的自由买单。
01:57
they cannot afford to pay
the price of their freedom.
the price of their freedom.
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02:01
And that price is called bail.
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而这个价格，就是保释金。
02:05
Now, bail was actually created
as a form of conditional release.
as a form of conditional release.
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保释金的本意是一种有条件的释放。
初衷很简单：
02:09
The theory was simple:
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把保释金定在一个人们
可以负担的价格——
可以负担的价格——
02:10
set bail at an amount
that somebody could afford to pay --
that somebody could afford to pay --
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当事人便会支付，
02:13
they would pay it --
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同时这也是
他们回到法庭的动机，
他们回到法庭的动机，
02:14
it would give them an incentive
to come back to court;
to come back to court;
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毕竟他们投入了金钱。
02:16
it would give them some skin in the game.
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02:18
Bail was never intended
to be used as punishment.
to be used as punishment.
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保释金的本意从来不是惩罚，
也不是为了囚禁人们，
02:22
Bail was never intended
to hold people in jail cells.
to hold people in jail cells.
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更不是要打造两层的司法系统：
02:26
And bail was never, ever intended
to create a two-tier system of justice:
to create a two-tier system of justice:
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一层给富人，
一层给其他所有人。
一层给其他所有人。
02:32
one for the rich
and one for everybody else.
and one for everybody else.
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02:36
But that is precisely what it has done.
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然而，这恰恰却是
保释金带来的后果。
保释金带来的后果。
02:39
75 percent of people
in American local jails
in American local jails
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在美国的地方看守所里，75%的人
都是因为交不起保释金，
才被囚禁在那里的。
才被囚禁在那里的。
02:42
are there because they cannot pay bail.
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02:46
People like Ramel.
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比如拉米尔。
02:48
On a chilly October afternoon,
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一个寒冷的10月下午，
拉米尔正在南布朗克斯的
小区骑着自行车，
小区骑着自行车，
02:50
Ramel was riding his bicycle
in his South Bronx neighborhood
in his South Bronx neighborhood
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02:53
on his way to a market
to pick up a quart of milk.
to pick up a quart of milk.
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他要去超市买牛奶。
02:55
He was stopped by the police.
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他被警察拦了下来，
02:57
And when he demanded to know
why he was being stopped,
why he was being stopped,
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当他质问警察为什么要拦他时，
两人便争吵起来。
接着，没等他反应过来，
接着，没等他反应过来，
03:00
an argument ensued,
and the next thing he knew,
and the next thing he knew,
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他已经被按到地上，手带镣铐，
03:02
he was on the ground in handcuffs,
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03:04
being charged with "riding
your bicycle on the sidewalk
your bicycle on the sidewalk
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罪名是“在人行道上骑自行车
并且抗捕”。
03:07
and resisting arrest."
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03:08
He was taken to court,
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他被带上法庭，
法官判决他要交500美元的保释金，
03:10
where a judge set 500 dollars bail.
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可是拉米尔没有那么多钱。
03:12
But Ramel -- he didn't have 500 dollars.
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于是，这位32岁的父亲
被送到了“那艘船”上。
被送到了“那艘船”上。
03:16
So this 32-year-old father
was sent to "The Boat" --
was sent to "The Boat" --
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“那艘船”是东河上的一个漂浮监狱，
03:19
a floating jail barge
that sits on the East River
that sits on the East River
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处于一个污水处理厂和一个鱼市之间。
03:23
between a sewage plant and a fish market.
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03:27
That's right, you heard me.
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是的，你没听错。
在2018年的纽约，
03:29
In New York City, in 2018,
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我们还有一个漂浮监狱，
03:32
we have a floating prison barge
that sits out there
that sits out there
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里面关押着的几乎都是
交不起保释金的
交不起保释金的
03:36
and houses primarily black and brown men
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黑人和棕色皮肤得人群。
03:40
who cannot pay their bail.
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03:43
Let's talk for a moment
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让我们来谈一谈，
在监狱里哪怕只是呆上几天
意味着什么。
意味着什么。
03:45
about what it means to be in jail
even for a few days.
even for a few days.
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03:49
Well, it can mean losing your job,
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它意味着你可能会丢掉工作，
丢掉房子，
03:52
losing your home,
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危及你的移民身份，
03:53
jeopardizing your immigration status.
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03:56
It may even mean
losing custody of your children.
losing custody of your children.
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甚至失去对你孩子的监护权。
03:59
A third of sexual
victimization by jail staff
victimization by jail staff
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三分之一的
监狱员工性侵囚犯案件
监狱员工性侵囚犯案件
是在入狱三天内发生的。
04:02
happens in the first three days in jail,
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将近一半的狱内死亡，包括自杀，
04:05
and almost half of all jail deaths,
including suicides,
including suicides,
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在入狱一周内发生。
04:09
happen in that first week.
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04:11
What's more,
if you're held in jail on bail,
if you're held in jail on bail,
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而且，如果你是因
无法支付保释金而入狱，
无法支付保释金而入狱，
你被判刑的几率是支付了保释金
04:14
you're four times more likely
to get a jail sentence
to get a jail sentence
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04:17
than if you had been free,
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而不用入狱的人的四倍；
而你的刑期
也将是那些人的三倍。
也将是那些人的三倍。
04:19
and that jail sentence
will be three times longer.
will be three times longer.
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04:23
And if you are black or Latino
and cash bail has been set,
and cash bail has been set,
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如果你是黑人或者拉丁裔，
并被要求支付保释金，
并被要求支付保释金，
你被困在牢房的几率
04:27
you are two times more likely
to remain stuck in that jail cell
to remain stuck in that jail cell
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是一个白人的两倍。
04:31
than if you were white.
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04:34
Jail in America is a terrifying,
dehumanizing and violent experience.
dehumanizing and violent experience.
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在美国，坐牢是一个可怕、
毫无人性，而又充满暴力的经历。
毫无人性，而又充满暴力的经历。
04:41
Now imagine for just one moment
that it's you stuck in that jail cell,
that it's you stuck in that jail cell,
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现在，想象一下，
你被困在一个牢房里，
你被困在一个牢房里，
你没有500美元，无法获得自由。
04:46
and you don't have
the 500 dollars to get out.
the 500 dollars to get out.
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04:51
And someone comes along
and offers you a way out.
and offers you a way out.
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这时有人过来，说可以帮你出狱。
04:56
"Just plead guilty," they say.
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“只要承认你有罪就行了，”他们说，
04:58
"You can go home back to your job.
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“你可以回家，回去工作，
05:01
Just plead guilty.
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只要你承认自己有罪，
05:03
You can kiss your kids goodnight tonight."
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你今晚就可以亲吻你的孩子，
和他们道晚安。“
和他们道晚安。“
05:05
So you do what anybody
would do in that situation.
would do in that situation.
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于是你像所有
处在这个情境中的人一样，
处在这个情境中的人一样，
承认自己有罪，无论真相如何。
05:08
You plead guilty
whether you did it or not.
whether you did it or not.
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05:13
But now you have a criminal record
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但现在，你的记录上有了一个
将追随你终身的犯罪记录。
05:15
that's going to follow you
for the rest of your life.
for the rest of your life.
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05:19
Jailing people because they don't have
enough money to pay bail
enough money to pay bail
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仅仅因为人们无法支付保释金
而把他们关进监狱，
而把他们关进监狱，
是这个社会极不公平和
极不道德的一件事。
极不道德的一件事。
05:22
is one of the most unfair,
immoral things we do as a society.
immoral things we do as a society.
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05:27
But it is also expensive
and counterproductive.
and counterproductive.
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同时，它还昂贵且无效。
05:31
American taxpayers --
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美国的纳税人
每年要花掉140亿美元来关押那些
05:32
they spend 14 billion dollars annually
holding people in jail cells
holding people in jail cells
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还尚未被定罪的人。
05:37
who haven't been convicted of anything.
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也就是，每天要花4000万美元！
05:39
That's 40 million dollars a day.
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05:42
What's perhaps more confounding
is it doesn't make us any safer.
is it doesn't make us any safer.
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更让人不解的是，
这并不能让我们更加安全。
这并不能让我们更加安全。
05:46
Research is clear
that holding somebody in jail
that holding somebody in jail
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研究清楚地显示，坐过牢的人，
出来后犯罪的几率比从来没坐过牢的人
05:49
makes you significantly more likely
to commit a crime when you get out
to commit a crime when you get out
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要高得多。
05:53
than if you had been free all along.
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05:58
Freedom makes all the difference.
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自由和不自由，结果有着天壤之别！
06:03
Low-income communities
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低收入人群，以及有色人群，
06:04
and communities of color
have known that for generations.
have known that for generations.
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一直都知道这一点。
06:08
Together, they have pooled their resources
to buy their loved ones freedom
to buy their loved ones freedom
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只要保释制和监狱依然存在，
06:13
for as long as bondage
and jail cells existed.
and jail cells existed.
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他们就不得不倾家荡产，
以交换他们亲人的自由。
以交换他们亲人的自由。
06:17
But the reach of the criminal legal system
has grown too enormous,
has grown too enormous,
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然而刑事法律制度的触角
已经无处不在，
已经无处不在，
被囚禁的人实在太多了。
06:21
and the numbers have just too large.
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06:23
99 percent of jail growth in America
has been the result --
has been the result --
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过去20年，美国99%的
监禁增长率——
06:28
over the last 20 years --
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便是预审监禁的结果。
06:30
of pre-trial incarceration.
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06:34
I have been a public defender
for over half my life,
for over half my life,
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我大半生都是一个公设辩护律师，
我曾眼睁睁地看着无数的当事人
06:37
and I have stood by and watched
thousands of clients
thousands of clients
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被拖进监狱里，
06:40
as they were dragged into those jail cells
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仅仅是因为他们
无法支付保释金。
无法支付保释金。
06:43
because they didn't have
enough money to pay bail.
enough money to pay bail.
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我眼睁睁地看着正义越来越关乎金钱，
06:45
I have watched as questions of justice
were subsumed by questions of money,
were subsumed by questions of money,
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这让人不禁怀疑
整个美国法律制度的合法性。
整个美国法律制度的合法性。
06:49
calling into question the legitimacy
of the entire American legal system.
of the entire American legal system.
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06:55
I am here to say something simple --
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我来到这里，
只为说一句简单的话——
只为说一句简单的话——
它显而易见，
06:58
something obvious,
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却又迫在眉睫。
07:00
but something urgent.
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07:02
Freedom makes all the difference,
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自由和不自由，结果大不相同，
并且自由不应该被标价。
07:06
and freedom should be free.
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（掌声）
07:09
(Applause)
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07:17
But how are we going to make that happen?
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那我们应该怎么做呢？
这是一个我已经思考了十年的问题。
07:20
Well, that's the question
I was wrestling with over a decade ago
I was wrestling with over a decade ago
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有一天，我和丈夫大卫坐在餐桌旁，
07:23
when I was sitting at a kitchen table
with my husband, David,
with my husband, David,
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他也是一个公共辩护律师。
07:26
who is also a public defender.
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我们一边吃中餐外卖，
一边抱怨保释金的不公平。
一边抱怨保释金的不公平。
07:27
We were eating our Chinese takeout
and venting about the injustice of it all
and venting about the injustice of it all
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这时大卫抬起头，说：
07:31
when David looked up and said,
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“为什么我们不建立一个保释金基金，
07:33
"Why don't we just start a bail fund,
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然后把我们的当事人都保释出来呢？“
07:35
and just start bailing
our clients out of jail?"
our clients out of jail?"
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07:38
And in that unexpected moment,
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就在那意外的一瞬间，
布朗克斯自由基金会的想法诞生了。
07:41
the idea for the Bronx
Freedom Fund was born.
Freedom Fund was born.
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07:45
Look, we didn't know what to expect.
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其实我们不知道会发生什么。
很多人都说我们疯了，
07:47
There were plenty of people
that told us we were crazy
that told us we were crazy
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说我们会失去所有这些钱的。
07:49
and we were going
to lose all of the money.
to lose all of the money.
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当事人不会回来，
失去的保释金又不是他们的钱。
失去的保释金又不是他们的钱。
07:51
People wouldn't come back
because they didn't have any stake in it.
because they didn't have any stake in it.
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可是，如果当事人回来了呢？
07:54
But what if clients did come back?
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07:57
We knew that bail money comes back
at the end of a criminal case,
at the end of a criminal case,
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我们知道，保释金
会在刑事诉讼结束之后被退回，
会在刑事诉讼结束之后被退回，
因此它会返回到基金会，
08:01
so it could come back into the fund,
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而我们可以一遍遍地
用这个钱支付保释金。
用这个钱支付保释金。
08:04
and we could use it over and over again
for more and more bail.
for more and more bail.
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这就是我们下的豪赌，
08:08
That was our big bet,
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并且我们赢了。
08:09
and that bet paid off.
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08:12
Over the past 10 years,
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在过去十年里，
我们一直在为纽约的
低收入人群支付保释金。
低收入人群支付保释金。
08:13
we have been paying bails for low-income
residents of New York City,
residents of New York City,
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我们从中学到的东西，颠覆了我们
08:17
and what we have learned
has exploded our ideas
has exploded our ideas
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08:21
of why people come back to court
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对于为什么人们会回到法庭、
对于刑事法律制度本身
如何运作的认知。
如何运作的认知。
08:23
and how the criminal
legal system itself is operated.
legal system itself is operated.
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08:26
Turns out money isn't what makes
people come back to court.
people come back to court.
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原来，保释金并不是
让当事人回到法庭的动机。
让当事人回到法庭的动机。
因为当布朗克斯自由基金会
代付了保释金时，
代付了保释金时，
08:30
We know this because when
the Bronx Freedom Fund pays bail,
the Bronx Freedom Fund pays bail,
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96%的当事人
出席了所有的庭审，
出席了所有的庭审，
08:33
96 percent of clients
return for every court appearance,
return for every court appearance,
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完全摧毁了他们是
因为保释金才回来的谎言。
因为保释金才回来的谎言。
08:37
laying waste to the myth
that it's money that mattered.
that it's money that mattered.
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08:41
It's powerful evidence
that we don't need cash
that we don't need cash
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这可以有力地证明我们不需要钱，
或者脚镣，
08:46
or ankle bracelets
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08:47
or unnecessary systems
of surveillance and supervision.
of surveillance and supervision.
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或者多余的监督、监控系统。
08:50
We simply need court reminders --
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我们只需要简单的出庭提醒，
08:53
simple court reminders
about when to come back to court.
about when to come back to court.
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提醒当事人
什么时候应该出席法庭。
什么时候应该出席法庭。
08:57
Next, we learned that if you're held
in jail on a misdemeanor,
in jail on a misdemeanor,
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接着，我们发现因轻罪而坐牢的人，
09:01
90 percent of people will plead guilty.
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90%都会承认有罪。
09:04
But when the fund pays bail,
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而如果有了基金会的保释金，
09:06
over half the cases are dismissed.
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超过一半的案件都会被撤销。
09:10
And in the entire history
of the Bronx Freedom Fund,
of the Bronx Freedom Fund,
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从布朗克斯自由基金会成立至今，
我们只有不到2%的当事人
09:14
fewer than two percent of our clients
have ever received a jail sentence
have ever received a jail sentence
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获刑。
09:19
of any kind.
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（掌声）
09:20
(Applause)
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09:28
Ramel, a week later --
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一周之后，拉米尔
依然在漂浮监狱的牢房里，
09:31
he was still on the boat,
locked in that jail cell.
locked in that jail cell.
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眼看就要失去一切，
09:34
He was on the cusp of losing everything,
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他已做好承认有罪的准备。
09:36
and he was about to plead guilty,
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09:38
and the Bronx Freedom Fund
intervened and paid his bail.
intervened and paid his bail.
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这时布朗克斯自由基金会插手了，
为他支付了保释金。
为他支付了保释金。
现在他得以和他的女儿重聚，
09:42
Now, reunited with his daughter,
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并能够在监狱之外争取自己的利益。
09:44
he was able to fight
his case from outside.
his case from outside.
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没错，这花了一点时间——
09:46
Look, it took some time --
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准确的说，是两年——
09:48
two years, to be exact --
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2064
但是最终，
09:50
but at the end of that,
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针对他的诉讼完全撤销了。
09:51
his case was dismissed in its entirety.
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09:54
For Ramel --
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对拉米尔——
09:56
(Applause)
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（掌声）
对拉米尔来说，布朗克斯
自由基金是他的救命稻草，
自由基金是他的救命稻草，
10:01
For Ramel, the Bronx
Freedom Fund was a lifeline,
Freedom Fund was a lifeline,
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但对其他无数
被关在监狱的美国人来说，
被关在监狱的美国人来说，
10:06
but for countless other Americans
locked in jail cells,
locked in jail cells,
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却没有自由基金来解救他们。
10:08
there is no freedom fund coming.
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10:11
It's time to do something about that.
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是时候我们为此做点什么了。
是时候做件大事了，
10:14
It's time to do something big.
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2331
10:16
It's time to do something bold.
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2039
是时候挺身而出了，
10:19
It's time to do something,
maybe, audacious?
maybe, audacious?
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也许是时候我们大胆地冒个险了？
（笑声）
10:22
(Laughter)
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10:23
We want to take our proven,
revolving bail-fund model
revolving bail-fund model
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我们想要把我们
从布朗克斯发展起来的、
从布朗克斯发展起来的、
被证实有效的、循环的
保释金-基金模式
保释金-基金模式
10:26
that we built in the Bronx
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扩张到整个美国。
10:28
and spread it across America,
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1824
在人们被囚禁之前，
10:30
attacking the front end
of the legal system
of the legal system
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和法制体系对抗。
10:32
before incarceration begins.
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（掌声）
10:34
(Applause)
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1978
（欢呼）
10:36
(Cheers)
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（掌声）
10:39
(Applause)
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我们的计划是这样的。
10:45
Here's the plan.
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（掌声）
10:46
(Applause)
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我们将为尽可能多的人
支付保释金，
支付保释金，
10:48
We're going to bail out
as many people as we can
as many people as we can
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越快越好。
10:50
as quickly as we can.
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638277
1234
在接下来的五年里，
10:51
Over the next five years,
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与公共辩护律师
还有当地社区组织合作，
还有当地社区组织合作，
10:52
partnering with public defenders
and local community organizations,
and local community organizations,
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我们将在高需求地区
设立40个站点。
设立40个站点。
10:55
we're going to set up 40 sites
in high-need jurisdictions.
in high-need jurisdictions.
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我们的目标是把16万人保释出来。
10:58
The goal is to bail out 160,000 people.
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11:02
Our strategy leverages the fact
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我们的战略是建立在
保释金最终会回到
我们手中的基础上。
我们手中的基础上。
11:04
that bail money comes back
at the end of a case.
at the end of a case.
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布朗克斯的数据显示，
11:06
Data from the Bronx
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11:07
shows that a dollar can be used
two or three times a year,
two or three times a year,
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每一美元每年
都可以被用上两三次，
都可以被用上两三次，
这让我们的力量放大了数倍。
11:12
creating a massive force multiplier.
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11:15
So a dollar donated today can be used
to pay bail for up to 15 people
to pay bail for up to 15 people
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也就是说，今天捐赠的一美元
将在未来的五年内，
将在未来的五年内，
11:20
over the next five years.
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668690
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帮助15个人支付保释金。
11:23
Our strategy also relies on the experience
and the wisdom and the leadership
and the wisdom and the leadership
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我们的战略同时也要依靠
那些曾亲身经历过这种不公的
人的智慧和领导力。
人的智慧和领导力。
11:28
of those who have experienced
this injustice firsthand.
this injustice firsthand.
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（掌声）
11:32
(Applause)
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680474
1849
每个保释金项目站点
都会有一个保释金“破坏者”团队。
都会有一个保释金“破坏者”团队。
11:34
Each bail project site will be staffed
by a team of bail disrupters.
by a team of bail disrupters.
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11:38
These are passionate, dedicated
advocates from local communities,
advocates from local communities,
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他们是充满热情和献身精神的、
来自当地社区的支持者，
来自当地社区的支持者，
其中很多人都曾有过
被监禁的经历。
被监禁的经历。
11:42
many of whom were formerly
incarcerated themselves,
incarcerated themselves,
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团队会为当事人支付保释金，
11:45
who will pay bails and support clients
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2349
在他们的案件被审理时支持他们，
11:47
while their cases are going
through the legal system,
through the legal system,
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为他们提供一切
他们所需要的资源和支持。
他们所需要的资源和支持。
11:50
providing them with whatever
resources and support they may need.
resources and support they may need.
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3193
11:54
Our first two sites are up and running.
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702233
2617
我们已经有两个投入运营的站点。
一个在奥克拉荷马州的塔尔萨，
11:56
One in Tulsa, Oklahoma,
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1753
一个在密苏里州的圣路易斯。
11:58
and one in St. Louis, Missouri.
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706651
1786
12:01
And Ramel?
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709120
1150
拉米尔呢？
12:02
He's training right now to be a bail
disrupter in Queens County, New York.
disrupter in Queens County, New York.
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3524
他正在纽约昆斯县接受训练，
马上就会成为一个保释金“破坏者”。
马上就会成为一个保释金“破坏者”。
（掌声）
12:06
(Applause)
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我们接下来的三个站点将在
12:11
Our next three sites are ready to launch
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2326
12:13
in Dallas, Detroit
and Louisville, Kentucky.
and Louisville, Kentucky.
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达拉斯、底特律和肯塔基州的
路易斯维尔展开。
路易斯维尔展开。
12:17
The Bail Project will attack
the money bail system
the money bail system
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725878
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这个保释金项目
将对金钱保释的制度
将对金钱保释的制度
发起前所未有的攻击。
12:20
on an unprecedented scale.
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12:23
We will also listen, collect and elevate
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4485
同时，我们也会倾听、收集、
宣传并尊重我们当事人的故事，
12:27
and honor the stories of our clients
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2365
以改变人们的感受和想法。
12:30
so that we can change hearts and minds,
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2455
我们还要收集我们需要的、
国家层面的关键数据，
国家层面的关键数据，
12:32
and we will collect
critical, national data
critical, national data
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3644
12:36
that we need so we can chart
a better path forward
a better path forward
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744414
3640
以开创一条更好的道路，
以避免创建另一种形式的压迫系统。
12:40
so that we do not recreate this system
of oppression in just another form.
of oppression in just another form.
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748078
4730
12:45
The Bail Project,
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753434
1161
这个保释金项目，
通过在5年内保释出16万人，
12:46
by bailing out 160,000 people
over the next five years,
over the next five years,
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754619
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将成为美国历史上
12:50
will become one of the largest
non-governmental decarcerations
non-governmental decarcerations
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最大的非政府反监禁项目之一。
12:53
of Americans in history.
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1653
12:55
So look --
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1151
事实上——
（掌声）
12:57
(Applause)
247
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2460
现有的刑事法律制度
12:59
the criminal legal system, as it exists --
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2580
需要被废除。
13:02
it needs to be dismantled.
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770163
1903
但从我多年在这个系统里
工作的经验来看，
工作的经验来看，
13:04
But here's the thing I know
from decades in the system:
from decades in the system:
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772090
2581
13:06
real, systemic change takes time,
251
774695
2715
真正的、系统的改变需要时间，
需要实施不同的策略。
13:09
and it takes a variety of strategies.
252
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1802
所以它需要我们大家一起努力。
13:11
So it's going to take all of us.
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2156
它需要民事权利诉讼律师、
13:13
It's going to take
the civil rights litigators,
the civil rights litigators,
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2253
社区组织者、学术界人士、
媒体、慈善家、
媒体、慈善家、
13:15
the community organizers, the academics,
the media, the philanthropists,
the media, the philanthropists,
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783717
4429
学生、歌手、诗人，
13:20
the students, the singers, the poets,
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788170
2070
当然还包括那些被系统迫害的
人的声音和努力。
人的声音和努力。
13:22
and, of course, the voices and efforts
of those who are impacted by this system.
of those who are impacted by this system.
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790264
4370
13:27
But here's what I also know:
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795924
2441
但我也知道：
团结一致，我相信我们
可以终结大规模监禁。
可以终结大规模监禁。
13:30
together, I believe we can end
mass incarceration.
mass incarceration.
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798389
3377
13:34
But one last thing:
260
802965
2112
但最后还有一件事：
那些被关在美国各地的
13:37
those people, sitting in America,
in those jail cells,
in those jail cells,
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805101
3540
监狱里的人，
13:40
in every corner of the country,
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808665
2301
那些支付不了保释金而被囚禁的人，
13:42
who are held in jail
on bail bondage, right now --
on bail bondage, right now --
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810990
3306
他们现在就需要
一条拯救他们的生命线。
一条拯救他们的生命线。
13:46
they need a lifeline today.
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2164
13:49
That's where The Bail Project comes in.
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817322
2026
这时，我们的保释金项目
就有了用武之地。
就有了用武之地。
13:52
We have a proven model, a plan of action,
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820077
3325
我们有可行的模型，有行动计划，
还有一群正在发展壮大的
保释金“破坏者”们。
保释金“破坏者”们。
13:55
and a growing network of bail disrupters
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他们有足够的勇气
梦想未来，为之奋斗。
梦想未来，为之奋斗。
13:57
who are audacious enough
to dream big and fight hard,
to dream big and fight hard,
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3820
一次一份保释金，
14:01
one bail at a time, for as long it takes,
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829414
2974
14:04
until true freedom and equal justice
are a reality in America.
are a reality in America.
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832412
4750
直到真正自由平等的正义
在美国成为现实。
在美国成为现实。
14:09
Thank you.
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837589
1150
谢谢大家。
（掌声）
14:10
(Applause)
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838763
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robin Steinberg - Public defender, activistRobin Steinberg is the CEO of The Bail Project, a new organization designed to combat mass incarceration in the United States by disrupting the money bail system -- one person at a time. As she says: "I hate injustice and simply can't sit still when I see it."
Why you should listen
Robin Steinberg is the CEO of The Bail Project and a senior fellow at the UCLA Law Criminal Justice Program. As she writes: "When I started my career, all I wanted was to be a great public defender for my clients. I vowed to fight for their rights, dignity and humanity in a system that seemed intent on crushing them, their families and their communities. It was hard work, but I woke up everyday inspired and with a sense of purpose -- even when the unfairness of the system made me cry. I was doing my part in the larger struggle for social justice -- one client at a time. But the need to do more, to rethink the very nature of public defense and challenge the larger systemic issues that fueled the cycle of criminalization and poverty led me to start The Bronx Defenders in 1997. For 20 years, I worked to create a new vision of public defense, extending legal representation and advocacy beyond criminal court with the goal of breaking that cycle. That process led to the founding of several new initiatives, including Still She Rises, a public defender office dedicated exclusively to the representation of women in the criminal justice system, and The Bronx Freedom Fund, a revolving bail fund that used philanthropic dollars to pay bail for clients who couldn’t buy their freedom.
"As it turns out, what I love most is getting people out of jail so they can be home with their families and have a fighting chance in court. My new organization, The Bail Project, will take the lessons we learned in the Bronx and go to dozens of high-need jurisdictions with the goal of paying bail for 160,000 people over the next five years, disrupting the bail system, reducing the human suffering it causes and continuing the fight to decarcerate America."
Robin Steinberg | Speaker | TED.com