TEDGlobal 2017
Nabila Alibhai: Why people of different faiths are painting their houses of worship yellow
纳比拉·阿里拜: 为什么不同信仰的人要将对方的教堂涂成黄色
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宗教分歧正在加深，我们越来越怀疑我们有多少共同点。我们怎样才能勇敢而明显地站在一起?场地设计师纳比拉·阿里拜(Nabila Alibhai)和她的同事们受到合作伙伴雅兹米尼·阿博列达(Yazmany Arboleda)的一个想法的启发，创作了“信仰的色彩”(Colour in Faith)，这是一个社会实践艺术项目，通过让不同宗教的人把彼此敬拜的教堂漆成黄色，来团结不同宗教的人，以示团结。“我们已经证明，人类大家庭可以走到一起，发出一个比那些想要伤害我们的人的声音更光明、更有力的信息。”
Nabila Alibhai - Place-maker
Nabila Alibhai leads inCOMMONS, a new cultural production lab focused on invigorating public spaces and inspiring collective responsibility for our cultural and environmental heritage. Full bio
Nabila Alibhai leads inCOMMONS, a new cultural production lab focused on invigorating public spaces and inspiring collective responsibility for our cultural and environmental heritage. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
We live in a time of fear,
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我们生活在恐惧的时代，
00:15
and our response to fear
can either be to contract
can either be to contract
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我们对恐惧的反应
可以是蜷缩起来
可以是蜷缩起来
00:19
and attempt to guard ourselves
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试图保护自己，
00:22
or to extend ourselves,
hold on to each other,
hold on to each other,
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也可以是扩宽自己，相互支持，
共同面对我们的恐惧。
00:25
and face our fears together.
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00:28
What is your instinct?
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你的本能是什么？
00:30
What do you see more of in the world?
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你在世界上看到更多的是什么？
00:34
The problem with the first approach
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第一种方式的问题在于
我们的孤立在不断增长，
00:36
is that in our mounting isolation,
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我们把自己和别人隔离开来。
00:38
we divide ourselves from others.
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我们的孤立感与日俱增，
00:41
Our sense of isolation grows,
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因为我们会对那些
00:43
because our imagination
goes into overdrive
goes into overdrive
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我们不再接触的人和空间
进行过度想象。
进行过度想象。
00:45
about the people and the spaces
that we no longer engage with.
that we no longer engage with.
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我们的异己感在增长，
我们在失去同情心。
我们在失去同情心。
00:49
Our sense of otherness grows,
and we lose empathy.
and we lose empathy.
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00:54
Today I'm going to tell you
about a group of people
about a group of people
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今天我要给你们讲述一群
应对全球恐怖主义挑战的人，
00:57
that took the global
challenge of terrorism
challenge of terrorism
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他们在创造能让陌生人
团结起来的空间。
团结起来的空间。
00:59
and began creating spaces
where strangers connect in solidarity.
where strangers connect in solidarity.
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01:04
My own obsession with what I see
as irrational divisions began as a child.
as irrational divisions began as a child.
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我对我所看到的非理性分裂
的痴迷始于孩提时代。
的痴迷始于孩提时代。
01:09
As a fourth-generation
Kenyan Muslim of Indian origin,
Kenyan Muslim of Indian origin,
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作为有印度血统的第四代
肯尼亚穆斯林人，
肯尼亚穆斯林人，
01:14
it bothered me that in four generations,
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让我感到困惑的是在我们四代人中，
我家庭中的每一段婚姻
01:16
there wasn't a single
marriage in my family
marriage in my family
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都局限在我的小宗教团体之内。
01:18
outside of my small religious community.
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01:20
And I wondered what that was about.
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我好奇这是为什么。
01:23
Was it fear?
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是恐惧吗？
01:25
Was it racism?
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是种族歧视吗？
01:28
Was it cultural preservation?
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是文化保护吗？
01:30
Did it have something
to do with colonialism?
to do with colonialism?
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跟殖民主义有关吗？
01:34
Certainly, we didn't share a lot
of the same public spaces with others.
of the same public spaces with others.
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当然，我们并没与他人
共享很多公共区域。
共享很多公共区域。
01:39
These divisions bothered me deeply,
and they drove my career choices.
and they drove my career choices.
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这种隔离带给我很深的困扰，
并且推动了我的职业选择。
并且推动了我的职业选择。
01:44
When I was 20, the US embassies
in Kenya and Tanzania were bombed.
in Kenya and Tanzania were bombed.
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我20岁时，美国驻肯尼亚和
坦桑尼亚大使馆遭到轰炸。
坦桑尼亚大使馆遭到轰炸。
01:51
A year later, I was on my way
to the Middle East
to the Middle East
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一年之后，我前往中东
学习冲突解决法。
01:53
to study conflict resolution.
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01:55
And then from that point on,
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然后从那个时候开始，
在不安全的地方找到一份工作
就变得不再难了，
就变得不再难了，
01:57
it wasn't very hard for me
to find insecure environments to work in,
to find insecure environments to work in,
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因为世界正在迅速地走向
02:00
because the world was quickly shifting
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我们现在所知道的恐怖主义时代。
02:02
in what we now know
as the time of terrorism.
as the time of terrorism.
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02:05
I was in Washington, DC
when 9/11 happened,
when 9/11 happened,
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911事件发生时，我在华盛顿特区，
随后我回到肯尼亚做难民事务，
02:09
and then I moved back home
to Kenya to work with refugees
to Kenya to work with refugees
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然后又在巴基斯坦
02:12
and then later worked in Pakistan
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和阿富汗工作。
02:14
and in Afghanistan.
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02:18
In all of these places, what I noticed
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在所有这些地方，我注意到
02:20
was how important physical spaces are
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物理间隔在令我们
感到安全和舒服，
02:23
to making us feel safe
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以及感到归属上
02:25
and well
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02:27
and like we belong.
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是如何的重要。
02:29
In 2013, I came back home
to Nairobi from Afghanistan.
to Nairobi from Afghanistan.
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2013年，我从阿富汗回到家乡内罗毕。
02:34
Al-Shabaab operatives
had besieged Westgate shopping center,
had besieged Westgate shopping center,
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青年党成员包围了
韦斯特盖特购物中心，
韦斯特盖特购物中心，
在极度恐怖的一天中
杀死了67个人。
杀死了67个人。
02:37
killing 67 people
in a day of utter horror.
in a day of utter horror.
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02:44
Soon after that,
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就在那之后，
02:45
I could see how Nairobi
was beginning to change,
was beginning to change,
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我可以看到内罗毕开始发生变化，
我开始觉得这里更像是
我曾经工作过的那些恐惧、
我曾经工作过的那些恐惧、
02:48
and it was beginning to feel
more like the fear and terror-weary
more like the fear and terror-weary
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厌倦恐怖、饱受战争蹂躏的城市。
02:53
and war-torn cities that I had worked in.
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02:57
And Nairobi continues to grow
in fear-driven ways.
in fear-driven ways.
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内罗毕在恐惧的持续笼罩下发展。
03:01
We see more walls, more barriers,
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我们看到了更多墙，更多壁垒，
更多安保。
03:03
more security.
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03:06
And like other parts of the world,
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就像世界其他地方，
我们正遭遇着人际关系的侵蚀。
03:07
we are experiencing
an erosion of human connection.
an erosion of human connection.
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03:12
Divisions along
religious lines are deepening,
religious lines are deepening,
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宗教分歧在不断加深，
03:15
and we're doubting more and more
how much we have in common.
how much we have in common.
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我们越来越怀疑
我们到底有多少共同点。
我们到底有多少共同点。
03:20
We are at a pivotal time
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我们处在一个关键的时间点，
我们需要重拾我们对人性的自信
03:21
when we need to restore
our confidence in humanity
our confidence in humanity
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03:25
and stand boldly and visibly together.
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并且勇敢而明显地站在一起。
03:29
So in 2014, I brought together
a group of people in Nairobi
a group of people in Nairobi
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2014年，我在内罗毕召集了一组人
想找出该做什么的方法：
03:32
to figure out what to do:
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03:34
public intellectuals, diplomats,
artists, development workers.
artists, development workers.
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成员包括公共知识分子，外交官，
艺术家，发展工作者。
艺术家，发展工作者。
03:40
And the group articulated
our challenge as threefold:
our challenge as threefold:
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这个小组将我们面临的
挑战阐述为三个方面：
挑战阐述为三个方面：
03:45
one, to reclaim the city
from the narrative of terrorism
from the narrative of terrorism
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第一，把城市从恐怖主义
的叙述中拯救出来
的叙述中拯救出来
03:48
and back into the hands
of the people that live there;
of the people that live there;
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归还到那里的居民手中；
03:52
two, introduce a language
beyond race, tribe or religion
beyond race, tribe or religion
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第二，引进一种超越种族，
部落或宗教的语言
部落或宗教的语言
03:56
that would help us
transcend our differences;
transcend our differences;
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以帮助我们超越我们的差异性。
第三，提供一个能帮助恢复同理心、
03:59
and three, provide a gesture
that would help restore empathy
that would help restore empathy
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对话和信任的倡议。
04:04
and conversation and trust.
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04:08
One of the people in this group
was an artist and architect,
was an artist and architect,
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小组中有一个名叫Yazmany Arboleda
的艺术家和建筑师。
04:11
Yazmany Arboleda.
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04:14
He and I have collaborated
in other parts of the world
in other parts of the world
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他和我在世界其它地方有过合作
04:16
over many years.
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很多年。
他有过
04:18
He has a history
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在破坏的城市环境中
04:20
of disrupting urban environments
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让陌生人以不可思议、
04:22
and making strangers connect
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04:24
in incredible, beautiful
and spectacular ways.
and spectacular ways.
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美丽和壮观的方式联系的历史。
他有个主意。
04:28
He had an idea.
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这个主意是通过让不同信仰的人
04:30
The idea was to unite people
of different faiths
of different faiths
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去粉刷对方的礼拜堂来团结人们，
04:33
by getting them to paint
each other's houses of worship,
each other's houses of worship,
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把清真寺，寺庙，犹太教堂，教堂
04:37
mosques, temples, synagogues, churches,
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涂成黄色，
04:40
paint them yellow
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以爱的名义。
04:42
in the name of love.
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04:46
By focusing on icons of faith,
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通过专注于信仰的象征，
04:49
we would get people to reexamine
the true essence of their faith,
the true essence of their faith,
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我们要让人们重新审视
他们信仰的真正本质，
他们信仰的真正本质，
我们分享在善良，慷慨
和友谊中的共同信念。
和友谊中的共同信念。
04:53
the common belief that we share
in kindness, generosity and friendship.
in kindness, generosity and friendship.
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通过在同个社区之间
建造相邻礼拜堂
建造相邻礼拜堂
04:58
By creating pathways
between houses of worship
between houses of worship
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之间的道路，
05:01
within one neighborhood,
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05:03
we would create islands of stability
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我们将会建立稳定的的岛屿
05:05
and networks of people
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和能够抵御威胁
05:06
that could withstand threats.
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的人际网络。
邻居们，通过和其他邻居
一起拿起漆刷，
一起拿起漆刷，
05:10
And neighbors, by picking up
a paintbrush with other neighbors,
a paintbrush with other neighbors,
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05:14
would engage not just with their heads
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不仅用他们的头脑，
05:16
but with their hands
and with their hearts.
and with their hearts.
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而且还用手和心来参与。
05:20
And the painted buildings would become
sculptures in the landscape
sculptures in the landscape
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这些粉刷的建筑将成为景观中的雕塑
05:23
that speak of people
from very different backgrounds
from very different backgrounds
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描绘来自不同背景的人们
05:26
that stand together.
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站在一起。
05:29
We'd call the project "Colour in Faith."
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我们管这个项目叫做“信仰的颜色”。
05:32
We loved the idea and we immediately
began approaching houses of worship:
began approaching houses of worship:
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我们很喜欢这个主意并
立刻开始联系那些宗教场所：
立刻开始联系那些宗教场所：
05:36
churches, temples, mosques, synagogues.
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教堂，寺庙，清真寺，犹太教堂。
05:39
Door to door, we went
to more than 60 rabbis,
to more than 60 rabbis,
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我们挨家挨户拜访了
至少60位犹太教祭司，
至少60位犹太教祭司，
05:41
imams, pastors and priests.
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伊玛目，牧师和神父。
05:45
As you can imagine,
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你可以想象得到，
05:46
bringing these communities together
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当偏见被全球性的恐惧强化时，
将这些社区连接起来
05:48
when prejudices are reinforced
by a global pandemic of fear
by a global pandemic of fear
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05:51
is not easy.
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并不容易。
05:52
It was complicated.
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这非常复杂。
我们要面临着宗教机构内部的决策
05:55
We were confronted
with the hierarchy of decision-making
with the hierarchy of decision-making
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和等级结构。
05:58
within religious establishments.
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06:00
For example, with Catholic churches,
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举个例子，在天主教堂，
我们被告知只有大主教才能作决定。
06:03
we were told that the archbishop
would have to make the decision.
would have to make the decision.
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06:06
And so we wrote a letter
to the archbishop.
to the archbishop.
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所以我们给大主教写了信。
我们给梵蒂冈写了信。
06:08
We wrote a letter to the Vatican.
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我们还在等回信。
06:10
We're still waiting to hear back.
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（笑声）
06:12
(Laughter)
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至于其它的宗教场所，
06:14
And with other houses of worship,
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我们被告知，只有出资人，
06:16
we were told that the patrons,
the people that pay for the building
the people that pay for the building
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出钱建造和粉刷的人
06:19
and the construction
and the painting of the buildings
and the painting of the buildings
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06:22
would have to make a decision.
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才能做决定。
06:25
And then we came head-to-head
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然后，我们还要与
06:26
with the long legacy
of missionary and donor dependence
of missionary and donor dependence
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传教士和捐赠者长期以来
的依赖正面交锋，
的依赖正面交锋，
06:29
that so impedes
unconditional civic action,
unconditional civic action,
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这种依赖阻碍了无条件的公民行动，
我们为此吃尽苦头。
06:32
and we learned this the hard way.
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其中有个社区，
06:34
There was one community
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在我们重复的交谈中不断要求我们
06:36
that in our repeated conversations
would keep asking us
would keep asking us
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06:39
to appreciate them.
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要感谢他们。
所以我们不断回去
06:41
And so we would keep going back
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06:43
and telling them that we appreciate them,
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告诉他们我们十分感激他们，
06:46
and of course,
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当然，
06:47
if we didn't appreciate them,
we wouldn't be here.
we wouldn't be here.
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如果我们不感激他们，
我们也不会在这儿了。
我们也不会在这儿了。
我们很晚才艰难地学到，
06:53
And then we learned
painfully late in the game
painfully late in the game
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“感激”这个词其实是
付钱才参与的代号。
付钱才参与的代号。
06:55
that the word "appreciation"
is code for getting paid to participate.
is code for getting paid to participate.
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07:01
And so we challenged them
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所以我们挑战他们
提出问题，
07:04
and we asked the question,
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07:06
"So what will it cost?
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“那么这要多少钱？
我们要付给你多少钱？
07:08
How much could we pay you?
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如果我们可以付钱买信仰，
那还是信仰吗？”
那还是信仰吗？”
07:11
And if we pay for your faith,
is it really faith?"
is it really faith?"
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07:15
We started the project
asking the question,
asking the question,
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我们在项目开始时就提出问题，
07:18
"Where does your faith live?"
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“你的信仰在哪里？”
07:20
And here we found ourselves
asking the question,
asking the question,
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然后在这里，我们发现
我们问的问题是
我们问的问题是
“你的信仰值多少钱？”
07:22
"How much does your faith cost?"
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07:26
But the most difficult issue
was the perceived risk of standing apart.
was the perceived risk of standing apart.
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但是最困难的问题是感受到
的隔离带来的预期风险。
的隔离带来的预期风险。
有个犹太教堂直接拒绝参与，
07:30
We had one synagogue
that flat-out refused to participate
that flat-out refused to participate
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因为它害怕吸引别人的注意
07:34
because it feared
drawing attention to itself
drawing attention to itself
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07:36
and becoming a target.
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成为袭击目标。
07:39
Similarly, we had a mosque
that also feared becoming a target.
that also feared becoming a target.
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同样，我们遇到过一个清真寺
同样害怕成为被攻击的目标。
同样害怕成为被攻击的目标。
他们的恐惧是合理的。
07:43
And these fears are justified.
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但是，还是有25个宗教场所同意参加。
07:47
And yet, there were 25 houses of worship
that pledged to participate.
that pledged to participate.
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（掌声）
07:53
(Applause)
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07:58
These bold leaders took the gesture
and reinforced it with their own meaning.
and reinforced it with their own meaning.
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这些勇敢的领导者们接受了倡议，
并用自己的意愿来强化它。
并用自己的意愿来强化它。
对某些人来说，它是在告诉世界
他们不是恐怖分子。
他们不是恐怖分子。
08:03
For some, it was to tell the world
that they're not terrorists.
that they're not terrorists.
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对其他人来说，这是在
欢迎人们进来提问。
欢迎人们进来提问。
08:06
For others, it was to welcome people
through their doors to ask questions.
through their doors to ask questions.
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对某些人，这是连接老一代
08:11
And for some, it was to bridge the gap
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08:13
between the older
and the younger generation,
and the younger generation,
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和年轻一代隔阂的桥梁，
顺便说一下，这是许多信仰
现在正在努力解决的问题。
现在正在努力解决的问题。
08:15
which by the way is something that
many faiths are grappling with right now.
many faiths are grappling with right now.
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08:20
And for some it was simply
to build neighborhood solidarity
to build neighborhood solidarity
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对有些人来说，
这是担心选举暴力出现前
这是担心选举暴力出现前
先建立起的邻里团结。
08:24
in advance of feared election violence.
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当有人问为什么是黄色时，
08:27
When asked why yellow,
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08:29
one imam beautifully said,
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一位伊玛目给了一个完美的答案，
08:31
"Yellow is the color of the sun.
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“黄色是太阳的颜色。
08:34
The sun shines on us all equally.
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阳光平等地照耀在每一个人的身上。
它从不歧视。”
08:36
It does not discriminate."
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08:39
He and others spread the word
through their congregations
through their congregations
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他和其他人通过教会
和广播把消息传递了出去。
08:42
and over the radio.
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08:43
Municipal government officials
stepped forward and helped
stepped forward and helped
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市政府官员站了出来，
08:46
with permits and with convening
civil society organizations.
civil society organizations.
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协助发放许可证和
召集民间社会组织。
召集民间社会组织。
一家油漆公司捐献了
一千升专为我们调制
一千升专为我们调制
08:50
A paint company donated
a thousand liters of yellow paint
a thousand liters of yellow paint
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08:54
mixed especially for us
in what they now call "optimistic yellow."
in what they now call "optimistic yellow."
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的黄色油漆，现在他们
称它为“乐观的黄色”。
称它为“乐观的黄色”。
（笑声）
08:57
(Laughter)
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08:58
(Applause)
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（掌声）
一个诗歌社团与一所大学联合
09:04
And a poetry collective
joined forces with a university
joined forces with a university
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并主持了一系列推特聊天活动，
09:07
and hosted a series of tweet chats
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09:09
that challenged the nation
on issues of faith,
on issues of faith,
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挑战国家的信仰问题，
09:11
our faith not just
in the context of religion,
in the context of religion,
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我们的这些信仰不仅包括
宗教领域的信仰，
宗教领域的信仰，
09:14
but our faith in politicians
and tribe and nation,
and tribe and nation,
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还包括我们对政治，部落和国家的信仰，
09:18
our faith in the older generation
and in the younger generation.
and in the younger generation.
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我们对老一代和年轻一代的信仰。
接着，“信仰的颜色”活动
在一个画廊展出，
在一个画廊展出，
09:23
And then Colour in Faith
was launched at a gallery event
was launched at a gallery event
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09:27
that invited an incredible mix
of gallerygoers
of gallerygoers
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这吸引了大批画廊爱好者、
09:30
and religious leaders
and artists and businesspeople.
and artists and businesspeople.
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宗教领袖、艺术家和商人。
甚至在拿起画笔之前，
09:35
Already, even before
picking up a paintbrush,
picking up a paintbrush,
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09:38
we had accomplished so much
of the conversation and connection
of the conversation and connection
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我们就已经完成了这么多的
我们所希望的谈话和联系。
09:42
that we had hoped for.
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09:45
And then we began to paint.
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然后我们开始粉刷。
穆斯林站在基督徒身边，
09:49
Muslims stood by Christians
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09:52
and atheists and agnostics and Hindus
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无神论者，不可知论者和印度教徒
一起把清真寺涂成黄色。
09:55
and painted a mosque yellow.
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然后他们又一起把教堂涂成了黄色，
10:02
And then they all came together again
and painted a church yellow,
and painted a church yellow,
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接着是另一个清真寺，
10:07
and then another mosque,
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然后是另一个教堂，
10:09
and then another church.
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10:11
Poets and musicians
performed while we painted.
performed while we painted.
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诗人和音乐家在我们上色时为我们表演。
10:15
We painted in Nairobi,
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我们在内罗毕涂色，
10:17
and then we painted in Mombasa.
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然后我们在蒙巴萨涂色。
10:20
The local and international press
did features on Colour in Faith
did features on Colour in Faith
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本地和国际的媒体用英语、
法语、斯瓦希里语、
法语、斯瓦希里语、
西班牙语、索马里语
10:24
in English and French and Swahili
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10:27
and Spanish and Somali.
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特别介绍“信仰的颜色”。
CNN特别强调了“信仰的颜色”是
一种把社区联系在一起的方法。
一种把社区联系在一起的方法。
10:30
CNN highlighted Colour in Faith
as a way of bringing communities together.
as a way of bringing communities together.
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我们的社交媒体开始走红，
10:37
And our social media platforms lit up,
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联结了越来越多的人。
10:40
connecting more and more people.
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这些邻居们继续保持联系。
10:42
And these neighbors
continued to stay in touch.
continued to stay in touch.
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有些人以和平的纲领追求政治，
10:46
There are some that are pursuing
politics with a platform of peace,
politics with a platform of peace,
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并且寻求我们帮助的社区
10:50
and we have communities
as far as Argentina and the US
as far as Argentina and the US
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10:53
and as close as Mali and Rwanda
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最远至阿根廷和美国，
最近在马里和卢旺达。
10:55
that are asking for our help.
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10:57
And we would love to help.
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我们很乐意帮忙。
10:59
It's our dream that this project,
this idea, spreads across the world,
this idea, spreads across the world,
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我们的梦想就是把这个项目，
这个主意散播到全世界，
这个主意散播到全世界，
11:04
with or without our support.
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不论有没有我们的支持。
“信仰的颜色”是在用黄色突出那些善意的人。
11:07
Colour in Faith is literally highlighting
those who mean well in yellow.
those who mean well in yellow.
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11:13
Colour in Faith is binding
neighborhoods together,
neighborhoods together,
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“信仰的颜色”把邻居们联系在了一起，
11:15
and it's our hope
that when threats come knocking,
that when threats come knocking,
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我们希望当威胁敲门时，
他们可以集体从谣言中筛选出事实来，
11:18
they will collectively
sift fact from rumor
sift fact from rumor
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11:20
and stand in solidarity.
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并团结在一起。
11:23
We've proven that the human family
can come together and send a message
can come together and send a message
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我们已经证明，人类大家庭
可以走到一起，发出一个
可以走到一起，发出一个
比那些想要伤害我们的人
11:27
far brighter and more powerful
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的声音更光明、更有力的信息。
11:29
than the voices of those
that wish to do us harm.
that wish to do us harm.
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11:33
Though fear is infectious,
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尽管恐惧会传染，
我们展现的是希望也同样如此。
11:35
we are showing that so is hope.
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11:38
Thank you.
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谢谢。
（掌声）
11:40
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nabila Alibhai - Place-makerNabila Alibhai leads inCOMMONS, a new cultural production lab focused on invigorating public spaces and inspiring collective responsibility for our cultural and environmental heritage.
Why you should listen
Nabila Alibhai is the founder of inCOMMONS, an organization that develops and invigorates public spaces and builds collective leadership. inCOMMONS's New York-based sister company, limeSHIFT, uses the same principles and embeds artists into workplaces to make them more happy, purposeful and creative. She recently authored "How Colour Replaces Fear," a chapter in the book Art & The City, about art that heals divisions and unites communities.
Currently, inCOMMONS's main projects are Colour in Faith, a neighborhood solidarity project through art; building an inclusive sculptural space with Nairobi City County; experimenting with art and healing; and looking for partners to create urban sweet spaces for our greatest gardeners: (pollinators) bees, hummingbirds and butterflies. limeSHIFT is working with New York City's Carnegie Hall on a traveling installation called Espejismo.
Alibhai had a 13-year career working on different aspects of conflict transformation from communications to health and resilience. She has worked on projects in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kenya, Tanzania, the United States and Switzerland. She has held positions in the Aga Khan Development Network, the United Nations and the International Organization for Migration. As a Research Fellow in MIT's Special Program for Urban and Regional Studies, she advanced her efforts to influence health, security and community solidarity through public spaces. She is now based in her home country of Kenya.
Nabila Alibhai | Speaker | TED.com