TEDIndia 2009
Harsha Bhogle: The rise of cricket, the rise of India
Harsh Bhogle:板球的兴起，印度的兴起
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这是一个著名的文化现象：印度板球评论员Harsha Bhogle描述了20-20快速板球的出现以及所带来的现代印度的发展。他带领我们去了解印度板球怎样由让人昏昏欲睡的英国起源发展成拥有名人老板和百万年薪球员的。
Harsha Bhogle - Cricket commentator
Harsha Bhogle can talk about the business side of cricket, the technicalities of play and the psychology of the players with equal authority. Full bio
Harsha Bhogle can talk about the business side of cricket, the technicalities of play and the psychology of the players with equal authority. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So, what I'm going to do is
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我要给大家介绍
00:17
just give you the latest episode of India's --
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一部印度肥皂剧的最新的一集
00:19
maybe the world's -- longest running soap opera,
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这部剧可能是世界上最长的在播肥皂剧了
00:22
which is cricket.
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它就是板球
00:24
And may it run forever, because it gives people like me a living.
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但愿这个剧集能永远持续下去，因为有很多人，比如我，以此为生
00:27
It's got everything that you'd want a normal soap opera to want:
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板球具备一个肥皂剧所具备的所有因素：
00:32
It's got love, joy, happiness,
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爱，快乐，幸福
00:34
sadness, tears, laughter,
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悲伤，眼泪，和欢笑，
00:36
lots of deceit, intrigue.
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也有不胜枚举的诡计和阴谋
00:38
And like all good soaps, it jumps 20 years
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像所有优秀的剧集一样，20年中，随着观众兴趣的改变
00:40
when the audience interest changes.
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板球也发生着巨变
00:42
And that's exactly what cricket has done.
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这也就是板球所经历的
00:44
It's jumped 20 years
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它在20年时间中，
00:46
into 20-over game.
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转变成一项20回合的运动（指每方20回合的国际性20比赛，板球运动中限制性回合的一种。译者注）
00:48
And that's what I'm going to talk about,
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而这就是我今天演讲的主题
00:50
how a small change
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一个小的改变
00:52
leads to a very big revolution.
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如何引发了一个巨大的革命
00:54
But it wasn't always like that.
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其实板球并不是总是像今天这样
00:56
Cricket wasn't always this
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它并不是从一开始就是一项
00:58
speed-driven generations game.
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忙碌一族的运动
01:00
There was a time when you played cricket,
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曾经有段时间，一旦你参与板球运动
01:02
you played timeless test matches,
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你就是参与了无限时的比赛
01:04
when you played on till the game got over.
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从比赛开始到比赛结束没有时间限制
01:07
And there was this game in March 1939
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1939年3月，就有一场这样的比赛
01:10
that started on the third of March
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开始于3月3号
01:12
and ended on the 14th of March.
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一直到3月14号才结束
01:14
And it only ended because the English cricketers
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而且促使它结束的原因是
01:17
had to go from Durban to Cape Town,
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英国的板球运动员必须要坐两天火车
01:19
which is a two-hour train journey,
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从德班（南非一城市）出发赶到开普敦
01:21
to catch the ship that left on the 17th,
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去那里搭乘17号起航的轮船
01:24
because the next ship wasn't around for a long time.
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而下一班船要隔很久的时间才起航
01:26
So, the match was ended in between.
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所以，比赛还没一决胜负就只能先暂停
01:29
And one of the English batsmen said, "You know what?
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当时一个英国的击球手说，“你猜怎么么着？
01:31
Another half an hour and we would have won."
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再比那么半个小时我们可就赢了。”
01:33
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
01:36
Another half an hour after 12 days.
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这半个小时发生在12天之后
01:38
There were two Sundays in between. But of course, Sundays are church days,
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这12天里有两个周日。但是周日是礼拜日
01:42
so you don't play on Sundays. And one day it rained,
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当然不能用作打板球。然后有一天又下了雨
01:44
so they all sat around making friends with each other.
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于是大家都做在一块交交朋友之类的
01:46
But there is a reason why India fell in love with cricket:
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但从这里可以看出一个印度人爱板球的原因
01:48
because we had about the same pace of life.
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因为我们拥有着同样的生活节奏
01:52
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
01:54
The Mahabharata was like that as well, wasn't it?
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摩诃婆罗多也是差不多这样，对不对？
01:56
You fought by day, then it was sunset,
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你们战斗了一整天。然后太阳落山了，
02:01
so everyone went back home.
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于是每个人都回到家
02:03
And then you worked out your strategy,
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然后你们再商量对策
02:05
and you came and fought the next day, and you went back home again.
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第二天去继续战斗，然后傍晚再回家
02:08
The only difference between the Mahabharata and our cricket was
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板球和摩诃婆罗多的唯一不同是
02:10
that in cricket, everybody was alive to come back and fight the next day.
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参加板球比赛的队员每个人都活着回到家，然后第二天再继续战斗
02:13
Princes patronize the game,
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印度王公们也经常看板球
02:15
not because they love the game,
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并非出于对这项运动的爱
02:17
but because it was a means of ingratiating themselves
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而是因为板球是一种他们迎合英殖民者
02:19
to the British rulers.
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统治的方式
02:21
But there is one other reason why India fell in love with cricket,
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但是印度人爱板球还有另一个原因
02:23
which was, all you needed was a plank of wood
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就是你只需要一块木板
02:25
and a rubber ball, and any number of people
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一个橡皮球，几个伙伴
02:27
could play it anywhere.
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就可以在任何地方打板球了
02:29
Take a look:
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看看这个
02:31
You could play it in the dump
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你可以在一个有一些石头的
02:33
with some rocks over there,
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废物堆上打
02:36
you could play it in a little alley --
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你可以在小巷子里打
02:38
you couldn't hit square anywhere, because the bat hit the wall;
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你不能在任何一个拐角处击球，因为这样球棒会打到墙
02:40
don't forget the air conditioning and the cable wires.
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还要注意别碰到空调和电线
02:42
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
02:43
You could play it on the banks of the Ganges --
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你可以在刚果河岸上打
02:46
that's as clean as the Ganges has been for a long time.
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刚果河一直都这么干净
02:48
Or you could play many games in one small patch of land,
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或者在一小块地上可以同时进行好几场比赛
02:50
even if you didn't know which game you were actually in.
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甚至你根本搞不清你到底是哪一场比赛的参赛队员
02:52
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
02:55
As you can see, you can play anywhere.
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如你刚才所看到的，哪里都可以打板球。
02:57
But slowly the game moved on,
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但是慢慢的，这个运动发生了变化
02:59
you know, finally.
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终于
03:01
You don't always have five days. So, we moved on,
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你不是总有五天的闲工夫。于是，我们改了，
03:03
and we started playing 50-over cricket.
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我们开始玩50回合板球。（除20回合外另一种限制回合的比赛形式）
03:05
And then an enormous accident took place.
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然后，一个巨大的意外发生了。
03:08
In Indian sport we don't make things happen,
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在印度的竞技运动中我们从不刻意制造大事件
03:10
accidents happen and we're in the right place at the right time, sometimes.
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但总有意外发生，在正确的时间，正确的地点。
03:13
And we won this World Cup in 1983.
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于是我们在1983年赢得了世界杯
03:16
And suddenly we fell in love with the 50-over game,
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于是突然之间我们爱上了50回合的单日比赛
03:19
and we played it virtually every day.
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于是我们每天都打50回合的单日比赛
03:21
There was more 50-over cricket than anywhere.
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比任何别的地方都多
03:23
But there was another big date.
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不久，另一个大日子降临了
03:25
1983 was when we won the World Cup.
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1983年是我们赢得世界杯的年份
03:28
1991,'92, we found a finance minister
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1991-92年度，我们找到了一个财政部长
03:30
and a prime minister
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和一个首相
03:32
willing to let the world look at India,
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他们想让世界了解印度
03:34
rather than be this great country of intrigue
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让印度不再是那个充满神秘感
03:36
and mystery in this closed country.
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的封闭的国家
03:38
And so we allowed multinationals into India.
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于是我们允许跨国公司进入印度
03:41
We cut customs duties, we reduced import duties,
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我们削减了进出口关税
03:43
and we got all the multinationals coming in,
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我们让具有跨国预算的
03:45
with multinational budgets,
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跨国公司进入
03:47
who looked at per-capita income
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他们目标在于人均收益
03:49
and got very excited about the possibilities in India,
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所以他们对在印度的远景感到乐观
03:52
and were looking for a vehicle to reach every Indian.
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所以他们需要一个载体来和印度人接触
03:55
And there are only two vehicles in India -- one real, one scripted.
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这时有两个载体可选，一个是真实的，一个编造的
03:58
The scripted one is what you see in the movies,
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编造的那个就是印度电影
04:00
the real one was cricket.
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真实的那个就是板球
04:01
And so one of my friends sitting right here in front of me,
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所以我的一个朋友，就是坐在我正前方的这位
04:03
Ravi Dhariwal from Pepsi, decided he's going to take it
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来自百事公司的Ravi Tarival，决定选择板球
04:06
all over the world.
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来进行全球化推广
04:08
And Pepsi was this big revolution, because they started taking cricket all over.
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于是百事就促成了这次重大变革。由于他们开始推广板球
04:11
And so cricket started becoming big;
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于是板球运动开始壮大
04:13
cricket started bringing riches in.
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板球开始给印度带来财富
04:15
Television started covering cricket. For a long time
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电视开始报道板球。在很长一段时间
04:17
television said, "We won't cover cricket
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电视媒体总是宣称，“我们不会报道板球的
04:19
unless you pay us to cover it."
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除非你们给我们钱。”
04:21
Then they said, "OK,
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现在他们对电视媒体说，“好，
04:23
the next rights are sold for 55 million dollars.
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下次转播权售价5500万美元
04:25
The next rights are sold for 612 million dollars."
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再下次售价6120万美元。”
04:27
So, it's a bit of a curve, that.
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有点曲线上升的意思
04:30
And then another big accident happened in our cricket.
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于是我们的板球运动又发生了一次重要事件
04:33
England invented 20 overs cricket,
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英格兰发明了20回合比赛制
04:35
and said, "The world must play 20 overs cricket."
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然后宣布，“全世界都必须进行20回合比赛制的板球比赛”
04:37
Just as England invented cricket, and made the rest of the world play it.
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就跟当年英格兰发明了板球，然后非让全世界都玩一样。
04:40
Thank God for them.
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真得为这个感谢上帝啊！
04:42
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
04:43
And so, India had to go and play the T20 World Cup, you see.
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于是呢，你看吧，印度也得去打20回合比赛制（T20）的世界杯了。
04:46
India didn't want to play the T20 World Cup.
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我们真不想参加T20世界杯
04:49
But we were forced to play it by an 8-1 margin.
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可是8-1的悬殊投票结果迫使我们必须参加
04:51
And then something very dramatic happened.
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然后特别戏剧化的事发生了
04:53
We got to the final, and then this moment,
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我们闯进了决赛，这个时刻
04:55
that will remain enshrined forever,
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将被我们每一个人永远铭记
04:57
for everybody, take a look.
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请看
04:59
(Crowd cheering)
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（人群的欢呼声）
05:02
The Pakistani batsman trying to clear the fielder.
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巴基斯坦的击球手企图不让印度队外野手接到球
05:04
Announcer: And Zishan takes it! India wins!
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解说员：Zishan把球接到了！印度赢了！
05:06
What a match for a Twenty20 final.
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这是一场多么激动人心的T20决赛啊
05:09
India, the world champions.
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印度是世界冠军
05:11
(Cheering)
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（欢呼声）
05:12
India, T20 champions.
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印度是T20冠军
05:15
But what a game we had, M. S. Dhoni
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M S Dhoni没有失误
05:18
got it right in the air, but Misbah-ul-Haq, what a player.
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他将球击入空中，但是Zishan把球接到了，多么伟大的运动员。
05:21
A massive, massive success:
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这是一场酣畅淋漓的巨大胜利
05:23
India, the world TT champions.
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印度，T20世界冠军。
05:29
Harsha Bhogle: Suddenly India discovered this power of 20-overs cricket.
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突然间，印度又发现了20回合制板球的魅力
05:33
The accident, of course, there, was that the batsman
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当然这场大胜其实归功于巴基斯坦的击球手
05:35
thought the bowler was bowling fast.
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还以为我们的投球手会来个快速投球
05:37
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
05:38
If he had bowled fast, the ball would have gone where it was meant to go,
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如果他真的来了个快速投球，球就会按预料的路线走了
05:40
but it didn't go. And we suddenly discovered
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但是球没有按预料的路线走。于是我们突然发现
05:43
that we could be good at this game.
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我们真的很擅长这项运动
05:45
And what it also did was
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而且板球给与了印度人某种自信
05:47
it led to a certain pride in the fact that India could be the best in the world.
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让我们开始坚信印度可以成为全世界最棒的
05:50
It was at a time when investment was coming in,
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那时正值外资流入印度
05:52
India was feeling a little more confident about itself.
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印度刚刚变得更加自信了一些
05:54
And so there was a feeling that there was great pride
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然后这个冠军又给了我们更大的自信
05:57
in what we can do.
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去成功地做成些什么
05:59
And thankfully for all of us,
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英国人特擅长发明东西
06:01
the English are very good at inventing things,
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我们还真得为这事谢天谢地
06:03
and then the gracious people that they are,
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另外，他们还这么仁慈宽厚
06:05
they let the world become very good at it.
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他们让这个世界都擅长他们的发明
06:07
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
06:09
And so England invented T20 cricket,
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于是呢，英格兰发明T20板球
06:14
and allowed India to hijack it.
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然后让印度劫持了个世界杯冠军
06:16
It was not like reengineering that we do in medicine,
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这还跟我们在药品上的二次设计生产不一样
06:18
we just took it straight away, as is.
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我们这回是直接拿走的，没做任何改变。
06:20
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
06:22
And so, we launched our own T20 league.
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然后，我们开展了我们自己的T20联赛
06:24
Six weeks, city versus city.
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赛程六周，是城市与城市之间的比赛
06:27
It was a new thing for us. We had only ever supported our country --
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这对我们来说是件新鲜事。我们原来只支持我们的国家---
06:29
the only two areas in which India was very proud about
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在印度只有两样东西
06:31
their country, representing itself on the field.
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可以让印度人产生民族自豪感
06:34
One was war, the Indian army, which we don't like to happen very often.
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一个是战争中的印度军队，当然我们可不希望这经常发生
06:37
The other was Indian cricket.
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另一样就是印度板球了
06:39
Now, suddenly we had to support city leagues.
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现在突然间，我们得去支持自己城市的联赛了
06:42
But the people getting into these city leagues
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人们投入到这些城市间的联赛中
06:45
were people who were taking their cues from the West.
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是西学东渐来的
06:47
America is a home of leagues. And they said,
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美国是联赛之乡。于是有人说，
06:49
"Right, we'll build some glitzy leagues here in India."
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“好。那就让我们也在印度发展一些金光闪闪的联赛吧”
06:51
But was India ready for it?
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只是印度准备好了吗？
06:53
Because cricket, for a long time in India was always organized.
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因为在很长一段时间里，板球在印度都是组织规划的
06:56
It was never promoted, it was never sold -- it was organized.
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它从没被当成商品市场化过。
06:59
And look what they did with our beautiful, nice,
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来看看他们通过我们这美丽迷人又简单的家庭运动
07:02
simple family game.
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做了些什么吧
07:04
All of a sudden, you had that happening.
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一切都发生在突然之间
07:07
(Music)
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（音乐）
07:24
An opening ceremony to match every other.
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这是一场可以媲美其他任何开幕式的开幕式表演
07:26
This was an India that was buying Corvettes. This was an India that was buying Jaguar.
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这是一个人们开着雪佛兰和捷豹的印度
07:29
This was an India that was adding more mobile phones per month
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这个国家每个月增加的手机数量
07:32
than New Zealand's population twice over.
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是新西兰人口总数两倍
07:34
So, it was a different India.
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所以，这是一个崭新的印度
07:36
But it was also a slightly more orthodox India
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但同时，这也是个有些保守
07:39
that was very happy to be modern,
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很愿意变得摩登一些
07:41
but didn't want to say that to people.
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又不太想直接向人们透露这个想法的印度
07:44
And so, they were aghast when the cheerleaders arrived.
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所以当人们第一次看到拉拉队长时都惊呆啦
07:46
Everyone secretly watched them, but everyone claimed not to.
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每个人都偷偷看她们。但是没人承认他们在偷看
07:49
(Music)
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（音乐）
08:11
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
08:13
The new owners of Indian cricket were not the old princes.
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印度板球的新老板不是旧式的王侯
08:16
They were not bureaucrats who were forced
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他们并不是那些本来不爱板球
08:18
into sport because they didn't actually love it;
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却被逼无奈投入板球的官僚
08:20
these were people who ran serious companies.
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他们是那些管理着大公司的人
08:22
And so they started promoting cricket big time,
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所以他们开始促成板球的盛世
08:25
started promoting clubs big time.
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开始促成俱乐部的盛世
08:27
And they've started promoting them with huge money behind it.
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还促成了这背后巨大的资金周转
08:30
I mean the IPL had 2.3 billion dollars
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我是说印度超级联赛（IPL）在第一个球投出之前
08:32
before a ball was bowled,
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已经有23亿美元的收入
08:35
1.6 billion dollars for television revenue over 10 years,
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其中16亿是10年以上电视转播的收益
08:38
and another 70 million dollars plus from all these franchises
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另7亿美元是特许经营权售卖之后得来的
08:41
that were putting in money. And then they had to appeal to their cities,
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然后他们要做的就是吸引各个城市
08:44
but they had to do it like the West, right? Because we are setting up leagues.
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他们必须得学西方那一套对不对？毕竟我们现在有自己的联赛了
08:47
But what they were very good at doing
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可是呢，他们恰恰特别擅长
08:49
was making it very localized.
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把西方那一套本土化
08:53
So, just to give you an example of how they did it --
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让我来给你们举个例子吧，看看他们是怎么做的
08:55
not Manchester United style promotion,
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他们的宣传一点也不曼联
08:57
but very Mumbai style promotion. Take a look.
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而是非常孟买的哦，来看看
09:00
(Music)
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（音乐）
09:45
Of course, a lot of people said, "Maybe they dance better than they play."
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当然，肯定有人说他们跳得好，板球不一定打得咋样。
09:48
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
09:50
But that's all right. What it did also is it changed the way we looked at cricket.
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不过随他们说吧。这个还改变了我们看待板球的方式呢
09:54
All along, if you wanted a young cricketer,
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原来的时候，如果你需要一个年轻的板球运动员
09:56
you picked him up from the bylanes of your own little locality,
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你要去跑到你们那旮沓的小巷子里去挑
09:58
your own city, and you were very proud
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你还十分满意这种
10:00
of the system that produced those cricketers.
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造就板球运动员的体系
10:02
Now, all of the sudden, if you were to bowl a shot --
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而现在呢，突然间，如果你想要个投球手
10:04
if Mumbai were to bowl a shot, for example,
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比方说孟买队需要个投球手
10:07
they needn't go to Kalbadevi
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他们就不需要跑到Kalbadevi啊,
10:09
or Shivaji Park or somewhere to source them,
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或者Shivaji公园这样的地方去发掘人才
10:11
they could go to Trinidad.
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他们可以直接去特立尼达岛
10:13
This was the new India, wasn't it? This was the new world,
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已经是新印度了对不对？这是个新世界
10:15
where you can source from anywhere
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你可以在任何地方发掘板球新秀
10:17
as long as you get the best product at the best price.
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只要你觉着你能发掘到的队员“人美价廉”
10:19
And all of a sudden, Indian sport had awakened to the reality
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然后突然之间整个印度体育界都意识到
10:22
that you can source the best product for the best price
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你可以挑选最“人美价廉”的运动员这个事实，
10:24
anywhere in the world.
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随便在世界上哪个地方
10:26
So, the Mumbai Indians flew in Dwayne Bravo from Trinidad and Tobago,
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所以，孟买印度人的队员可以前晚还在特立尼达和多巴哥，第二天就飞到德维恩布拉沃
10:28
overnight. And when he had to go back to represent
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如果他必须回去代表西方独立队参赛
10:31
the West Indies, they asked him, "When do you have to reach?"
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他们就会问他，“你什么时候必须到？”
10:35
He said, "I have to be there by a certain time, so I have to leave today."
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他说，“我得某个时间赶到，所以我必须今天走”
10:38
We said, "No, no, no. It's not about when you have to leave;
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我们就会说，“不不不，不是问你啥时候必须走，
10:40
it's about when do you have to reach there?"
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而是问你啥时候必须到那。”
10:43
And so he said, "I've got to reach on date X."
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于是他回答，“我必须在X号赶到”
10:45
And they said, "Fine, you play to date X, minus one."
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于是他们说，“好，你在这打到(X-1)号吧”
10:48
So, he played in Hyderabad, went, straight after the game,
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于是，他在Hyderabad比赛，然后比完赛直接从体育馆
10:51
went from the stadium to Hyderabad airport,
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赶到机场
10:53
sat in a private corporate jet -- first refueling in Portugal,
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坐上私人直升机，在葡萄牙加一次油
10:56
second refueling in Brazil; he was in West Indies in time.
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在巴西再加一次。他就能及时赶到西印度了
10:59
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
11:00
Never would India have thought on this scale before.
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印度原来从未想过会玩这么大
11:04
Never would India have said, "I want a player to play
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从来也不会想有人会说，“我要一个运动员给我比赛，
11:06
one game for me, and I will use a corporate jet
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比完赛我用直升机送他
11:09
to send him all the way back to Kingston, Jamaica
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去牙买加的Kingston
11:11
to play a game."
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参加另一场比赛。”
11:13
And I just thought to myself,
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有时我就自已一个人在那想，
11:15
"Wow, we've arrived somewhere in the world, you know?
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“哇，我们真的已经到达某个层次了。
11:17
We have arrived somewhere. We are thinking big."
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我们解放了思想，并且到达了一个高度
11:19
But what this also did was it started
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而且这还使得印度两样最重要的东西
11:21
marrying the two most important things in Indian cricket,
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开始水乳交融：
11:23
which is cricket and the movies in Indian entertainment.
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板球，和印度电影
11:26
There is cricket and the movies.
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板球和印度电影始终都存在
11:28
And they came together because people in the movies
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但是他们开始发生关系是因为一些印度电影人
11:30
now started owning clubs.
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开始收购俱乐部，成为俱乐部的老板
11:32
And so, people started going to the cricket to watch Preity Zinta.
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于是呢，人们开始为了看到Preity Zinta（印度著名女影星）而去看板球
11:36
They started going to the cricket to watch Shah Rukh Khan.
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人们开始为看到Preity Zinta而去看板球的同时
11:38
And something very interesting happened.
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一些有趣的事情发生了
11:40
We started getting song and dance in Indian cricket.
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印度板球比赛中也能看到一些歌舞表演
11:43
And so it started resembling the Indian movies more and more.
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这就让板球开始有印度电影的影子
11:47
And of course, if you were on Preity Zinta's team --
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当然了，如果你是Preity Zinta队的队员
11:49
as you will see on the clip that follows -- if you did well,
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等会你会在视频片段中看到，如果你做得好
11:51
you got a hug from Preity Zinta.
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你会得到Preity Zinta的拥抱作为奖励
11:53
So that was the ultimate reason to do well. Take a look --
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这可是个管用的奖励。来看看。
11:56
everyone's watching Preity Zinta.
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每个人都在注视着Preity Zinta
11:58
(Music)
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（音乐）
12:16
And then of course there was Shah Rukh playing the Kolkata crowd.
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当然还得提一下Shahrukh（印度一著名男影星）在鼓舞加尔各答观众的士气
12:19
We'd all seen matches in Kolkata,
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加尔各答的比赛有很多
12:21
but we'd never seen anything like this:
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可是我们从没见过这样的比赛
12:23
Shah Rukh, with the Bengali song, getting the audiences all worked up
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Shahrukh,唱着孟加拉语的歌，鼓动观众们一起为
12:26
for Kolkata -- not for India, but for Kolkata.
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加尔各答加油，不是为印度国家队喔，而是为加尔各答
12:29
But take a look at this.
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然后再看看这个
12:31
(Music)
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（音乐）
12:47
An Indian film star hugging a Pakistani cricketer
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一个印度电影明星和一个巴基斯坦板球运动员拥抱，
12:49
because they'd won in Kolkata.
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因为他们都支持加尔各达队，他们此时是一心的
12:52
Can you imagine?
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你能想象么？
12:54
And do you know what the Pakistani cricketer said?
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而且你知道巴基斯坦的板球运动员说了什么么？
12:56
(Applause)
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（掌声）
12:58
"I wish I was playing for Preity Zinta's team."
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我希望我能为Preity Zinta的板球队比赛
13:00
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
13:05
But I thought I'd take this opportunity --
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我想我得抓住这个机会
13:07
there's a few people from Pakistan in here.
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可能在坐的朋友们中来自巴基斯坦的并不多
13:09
I'm so happy that you're here
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但是我很高兴你们能来
13:11
because I think we can show that we can both be together and be friends, right?
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因为我觉得我们可以证明我们可以成为朋友
13:14
We can play cricket together, we can be friends.
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我们能在一起打板球，我们能成为朋友
13:16
So thank you very much for coming, all of you from Pakistan.
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所以巴基斯坦的朋友们，感谢你们今天的到来
13:18
(Applause)
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（掌声）
13:22
There was criticism too because they said,
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当然了，也会有一些批评的声音会说，
13:24
"Players are being bought and sold?
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“运动员就这样被买来卖去么？
13:26
Are they grain?
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他们是谷子？
13:28
Are they cattle?"
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还是牛？”
13:31
Because we had this auction, you see.
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他们这么说是因为我们有拍卖会
13:33
How do you fix a price for a player?
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怎么给一个运动员定价呢
13:36
And so the auction that followed
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拍卖会开始后
13:38
literally had people saying,
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有个人大锤一敲
13:40
"Bang! so many million dollars for so-and-so player."
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呯！这个人值这些钱。
13:43
There it is.
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就像这样。
13:45
(Music)
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（音乐）
13:50
Auctioneer: Going at 1,500,000 dollars. Chennai.
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拍卖人：到1500000美元啦。[不清楚]
13:57
Shane Warne sold for 450,000 dollars.
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[不清楚]价值450000美元
14:04
HB: Suddenly, a game which earned its players 50 rupees a day --
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本来板球运动员一天薪水50卢比
14:08
so 250 rupees for a test match,
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所以打一场测试赛（共5天）可以赚250卢比
14:10
but if you finish in four days you only got 200.
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如果比赛第4天就结束了，就只能赚到200卢比了。
14:14
The best Indian players who played every test match --
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现在最好的印度板球运动员，那种每场测试赛都不缺席，
14:16
every one of the internationals, the top of the line players --
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最一线的运动员
14:18
standard contracts are 220,000 dollars in a whole year.
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一般合同上会签220000美元的年薪
14:21
Now they were getting 500,000 for six days' work.
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也就是说，他们工作六天，可以赚500000
14:23
Then Andrew Flintoff came by from England,
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这把Andrew Flintoff从英格兰吸引到了印度
14:25
he got one and a half million dollars, and he went back and said,
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他赚了150万美元后回国说，
14:28
"For four weeks, I'm earning more than Frank Lampard and Steven Gerrard,
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“我四周内赚的钱比兰帕德和杰拉德都多，
14:31
and I'm earning more than the footballers, wow."
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哇，我赚的比足球运动员多啊。”
14:33
And where was he earning it from? From a little club in India.
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他从哪儿赚了这么多钱呢？从印度一个小小的俱乐部而已。
14:36
Could you have imagined that day would come?
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你能想象这种日子真的来临了吗？
14:39
One and a half million dollars for six weeks' work.
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六周赚150万美元。
14:41
That's not bad, is it?
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真不错，对不对？
14:45
So, at 2.3 billion dollars before the first ball was bowled.
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现在你们知道哪些比赛前的23亿美元都去了哪了吧
14:48
What India was doing, though, was benchmarking
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印度一直以来就喜欢挑战
14:50
itself against the best in the world,
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世界上最好的
14:52
and it became a huge brand.
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这已经成了印度的一个品牌标志
14:54
Lalit Modi was on the cover of Business Today.
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Lalit Modi（印度著名板球运动员）登上今周刊的封面
14:56
IPL became the biggest brand in India
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IPL变成印度最赫赫有名的品牌
14:58
and, because our elections, had to be moved to South Africa,
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由于选举原因，IPL要转移到南非比赛
15:02
and we had to start the tournament in three weeks.
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我们在比赛开始前三周启程
15:04
Move a whole tournament to South Africa in three weeks.
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在比赛前三周开始启程到南非去
15:06
But we did it. You know why?
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知道我们为什么这么做吗？
15:08
Because no country works as slowly as we do
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因为在赛程开始前三周之前
15:10
till three weeks before an event,
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没有哪个国家比我们效率更低了
15:12
and nobody works fast as we do in the last three weeks.
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但在最后三周，没有人比我们效率更高。
15:14
(Applause)
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（掌声）
15:23
Our population, which for a long time we thought was a problem,
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我们的人口基数，在很长一段时间都被看做是制约我们发展的障碍
15:25
suddenly became our biggest asset
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突然间，障碍变成了财富
15:27
because there were more people watching --
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因为有更多人在看板球啊----
15:30
the huge consuming class --
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庞大的消费阶层----
15:32
everybody came to watch the cricket.
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每个人都去看板球
15:34
We'd also made cricket the only sport in India,
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我们几乎把板球变成了印度唯一的运动项目
15:37
which is a pity, but in India every other sport
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这很可惜，但是在印度其他任何运动
15:39
pushes cricket to become big,
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都只能把板球推向一个更流行的位置
15:41
which is a bit of a tragedy of our times.
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这可以算是我们这个时代的一点小悲哀
15:43
Now, this last minute before I go --
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所以最后我要承认
15:45
there's a couple of side effects of all this.
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这一切还是有一些负面效用的
15:47
For a long time, India was this country of poverty,
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很长一段时间里，印度是个又穷
15:50
dust, beggars,
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又脏，乞丐多
15:53
snake charmers, filth,
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弄蛇人多，藏污纳垢
15:55
Delhi belly -- people heard Delhi belly stories before they came.
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新德里痢疾泛滥的国家----人们在来印度之前就都听说过新德里痢疾了
15:58
And, all of a sudden, India was this land of opportunity.
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然后，一瞬间，它变成了一块充满机会的福地
16:01
Cricketers all over the world said,
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全世界的板球运动员都会说，
16:03
"You know, we love India. We love to play in India."
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“我们爱印度，我们喜欢在那里打比赛”
16:06
And that felt good, you know?
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你要知道，这种感觉真是很好
16:08
We said, "The dollar's quite powerful actually."
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于是我们说，“真是有钱能使鬼推磨啊”
16:10
Can you imagine, you've got the dollar on view
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你能想象不，一旦你在这个地方有钱可赚
16:12
and there's no Delhi belly in there anymore.
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新德里痢疾就被抛到九霄云外了
16:15
There's no filth, there's no beggars, all the snake charmers have vanished,
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这里不再藏污纳垢，不再有乞丐。所有的弄蛇人都消失了
16:18
everybody's gone. This tells you how the capitalist world rules.
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一切成了过去式。这验证了资本主义世界的规律
16:23
Right so, finally,
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好，最后总结一下
16:26
an English game that India usurped a little bit,
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今天演讲的主题是印度盗用英国人的一项运动
16:30
but T20 is going to be the next missionary in the world.
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虽然T20能作为下一任传教士向整个世界普及板球
16:33
If you want to take the game around the world,
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因为如果你想向其他国家普及一项运动
16:35
it's got to be the shortest form of the game.
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你必须把这项运动简化
16:37
You can't take a timeless test to China and sit through 14 days with no result in the end,
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你总不能教中国人一项无限时，大战14天最后还不了了之的运动吧
16:40
or you can't take it all over the world.
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这样，它永远都没法走向世界
16:42
So that's what T20 is doing.
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所以T20可以做到这点
16:44
Hopefully, it'll make everyone richer, hopefully it'll make the game bigger
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希望它能让每个人都更富裕，也希望它能将板球推向更盛大的阶段
16:47
and hopefully it'll give cricket commentators more time in the business.
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希望它能给我们这些板球评论员们更多的一席之地
16:49
Thank you very much. Thank you.
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谢谢大家 十分感谢
16:51
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Harsha Bhogle - Cricket commentatorHarsha Bhogle can talk about the business side of cricket, the technicalities of play and the psychology of the players with equal authority.
Why you should listen
IIM-A alum and former Rediffusion ad man Harsha Bhogle has been called “the voice of Indian cricket” -- he's India's premier cricket commentator and columnist. Beloved for his insightful patter, he writes a weekly cricket column for Indian Express and interviews top cricketers on ESPNStar's Harsha UnPlugged.
He's been the front man for ESPNStar cricket telecasts from the day they launched in India. Now he has taken to the corporate lecture circuit with his wife and business partner, Anita, applying the wisdom of the game to help companies develop compelling business strategies.
Harsha Bhogle | Speaker | TED.com