ABOUT THE SPEAKERS

Eric Berlow - Ecologist
TED Senior Fellow Eric Berlow studies ecology and networks, exposing the interconnectedness of our ecosystems with climate change, government, corporations and more.

Why you should listen

Eric Berlow is an ecologist and network scientist who specializes in not specializing. A TED Senior Fellow, Berlow is recognized for his research on food webs and ecological networks and for creative approaches to complex problems. He was the founding director of the University of California's first environmental science center inside Yosemite National Park, where he continues to develop data-driven approaches to managing natural ecosystems.

In 2012 Berlow founded Vibrant Data Labs, which builds tools to use data for social good. Berlow's current projects range from helping spark an egalitarian personal data economy to protecting endangered amphibians in Yosemite to crowd-sourcing novel insights about human creativity. Berlow holds a Ph.D. from Oregon State University in marine ecology.

More profile about the speaker
Eric Berlow | Speaker | TED.com

Sean Gourley - Physicist and military theorist
Sean Gourley, trained as a physicist, has turned his scientific mind to analyzing data about a messier topic: modern war and conflict. He is a TED Fellow.

Why you should listen

Sean Gourley's twin passions are physics (working on nanoscale blue-light lasers and self-assembled quantum nanowires) and politics (he once ran for a national elected office back home in New Zealand).

A Rhodes scholar, he's spent the past five years working at Oxford on complex adaptive systems and collective intelligent systems -- basically, using data to understand the nature of human conflict. As he puts it, "This research has taken me all over the world from the Pentagon, to the House of Lords, the United Nations and most recently to Iraq". Originally from New Zealand, he now lives in San Francisco, where he is the co-founder and CTO of Quid which is building a global intelligence platform. He's a 2009 TED Fellow.

In December 2009, Gourley and his team's research was published in the scientific journal Nature. He is co-founder and CTO of Quid.

More profile about the speaker
Sean Gourley | Speaker | TED.com

TED2013

Eric Berlow and Sean Gourley: Mapping ideas worth spreading

艾瑞克．伯勞與肖恩．古爾利: 繪出值得宣揚的想法地圖

Filmed: 2013-02-28

Readability: 4.3

1,131,373 views

二萬四千個想法究竟看似甚麼? 生態學家艾瑞克．伯勞及肖恩．古爾利把演算法套用到所有的 TEDx 演講中，帶我們往一個充滿創發性的旅程，為我們展示全球的想法是怎樣連接起來的。

Eric Berlow - Ecologist
TED Senior Fellow Eric Berlow studies ecology and networks, exposing the interconnectedness of our ecosystems with climate change, government, corporations and more. Full bioSean Gourley - Physicist and military theorist
Sean Gourley, trained as a physicist, has turned his scientific mind to analyzing data about a messier topic: modern war and conflict. He is a TED Fellow. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12

Eric埃里克 Berlow伯婁: I'm an ecologist生態學家, and Sean's肖恩的 a physicist物理學家,

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艾瑞克．伯勞: 我是生態學家肖恩是物理學家

00:15

and we both都 study研究 complex複雜 networks網絡.

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我們都研究複雜的網絡

00:17

And we met會見 a couple一對 years年份 ago前 when we discovered發現

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幾年前認識對方是因為

00:19

that we had both都 given特定 a short短 TEDTED Talk

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我們都在 TED 這個平台上

00:21

about the ecology生態 of war戰爭,

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發表過有關生態大戰的演講

00:23

and we realized實現 that we were connected連接的

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這才發現我們還沒見面之前

00:25

by the ideas思路 we shared共享 before we ever met會見.

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就已經因我們分享的構想而有關係

00:28

And then we thought, you know, there are thousands數千

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然後我們就想: 世界上有

00:29

of other talks會談 out there, especially特別 TEDx的TEDx Talks會談,

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這麼多的演講，尤其是 TEDx 的演講

00:31

that are popping啪 up all over the world世界.

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在全球各地如雨後春筍般湧現

00:34

How are they connected連接的,

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究竟他們是如何相連

00:34

and what does that global全球 conversation會話 look like?

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這個全球性對話像似什麼呢?

00:36

So Sean's肖恩的 going to tell you a little bit位 about how we did that.

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現在肖恩將會為你們講解我們的做法

00:39

Sean肖恩 Gourley葛麗: Exactly究竟. So we took拿 24,000 TEDx的TEDx Talks會談

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肖恩．古爾利: 沒錯。我們從全球一百四十七個國家

00:43

from around the world世界, 147 different不同 countries國家,

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選取了二萬四千場 TEDx 演講

00:46

and we took拿 these talks會談 and we wanted to find

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我們想要找出

00:48

the mathematical數學的 structures結構 that underlyunderly

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這些蘊藏在演講背後

00:50

the ideas思路 behind背後 them.

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藏在構想背後的數學模型結構

00:52

And we wanted to do that so we could see how

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這樣一來我們可以看出

00:53

they connected連接的 with each每 other.

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構想與構想之間是如何相連的

00:55

And so, of course課程, if you're going to do this kind類 of stuff東東,

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當然，如果你要做這樣的分析

00:57

you need a lot of data數據.

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你需要大量的數據

00:58

So the data數據 that you've got is a great thing called叫 YouTubeYouTube的,

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而這些數據蘊藏在一個偉大的發明中 -- 叫做 YouTube

01:02

and we can go down and basically基本上 pull拉

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我們就是上 Youtube

01:03

all the open打開 information信息 from YouTubeYouTube的,

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下載所有公開的信息

01:06

all the comments註釋, all the views意見, who's誰是 watching觀看 it,

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全部的評論、點擊率、誰看過這個影片

01:08

where are they watching觀看 it, what are they saying話 in the comments註釋.

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他們在哪裏看這個影片，他們在評論中說了甚麼

01:11

But we can also也 pull拉 up, using運用 speech-to-text語音到文本 translation翻譯,

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我們還可以用語音翻譯

01:14

we can pull拉 the entire整個 transcript抄本,

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把整篇講稿呈現出來

01:16

and that works作品 even for people with kind類 of funny滑稽 accents口音 like myself我.

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這招對於我這些有奇異口音的人也管用

01:19

So we can take their其 transcript抄本

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得到了他們的講稿以後

01:21

and actually其實 do some pretty漂亮 cool涼 things.

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我們就能做出各樣有趣的事

01:23

We can take natural自然 language語言 processing處理 algorithms算法

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我們以自然語言運算法

01:25

to kind類 of read讀 through通過 with a computer電腦, line線 by line線,

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用電腦，逐行逐行的去讀取講稿

01:28

extracting提取 key鍵 concepts概念 from this.

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再從中抽取講稿中的要旨

01:30

And we take those key鍵 concepts概念 and they sort分類 of form形成

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我們以這些要旨構成

01:33

this mathematical數學的 structure結構體 of an idea理念.

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這個包含不同構想的數學模型

01:36

And we call that the meme-ome米姆，青梅.

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我們稱之為 meme-ome (想法基因)

01:38

And the meme-ome米姆，青梅, you know, quite相當 simply只是,

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簡單來說，想法基因

01:40

is the mathematics數學 that underliesunderlies an idea理念,

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就是藏在構想背後的數學

01:43

and we can do some pretty漂亮 interesting有趣 analysis分析 with it,

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我們可以做一些相當有趣的分析

01:45

which哪一個 I want to share分享 with you now.

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現在我想跟你們分享一下

01:47

So each每 idea理念 has its own擁有 meme-ome米姆，青梅,

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每一個想法都有它的「想法基因」

01:49

and each每 idea理念 is unique獨特 with that,

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而每一個想法都是獨一無二的

01:51

but of course課程, ideas思路, they borrow借 from each每 other,

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不過當然，有些想法是從別的地方借用過來的

01:53

they kind類 of steal偷 sometimes有時,

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有些時候是偷來的

01:54

and they certainly當然 build建立 on each每 other,

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所以它們會建立在其他的想法之上

01:56

and we can go through通過 mathematically數學

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我們可以以數學方法

01:58

and take the meme-ome米姆，青梅 from one talk

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從一個演講選取它的「想法基因」

02:00

and compare比較 it to the meme-ome米姆，青梅 from every一切 other talk,

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再用它來跟其他演講的想法基因做比對

02:02

and if there's a similarity相似 between之間 the two of them,

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看看兩者之間是否有相似的地方

02:04

we can create創建 a link鏈接 and represent代表 that as a graph圖形,

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我們可以建立一個連繫，並以圖象顯示出來

02:07

just like Eric埃里克 and I are connected連接的.

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這就像艾瑞克跟我一樣連接起來

02:10

So that's theory理論, that's great.

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這就是我們的理論，看似不錯吧

02:11

Let's see how it works作品 in actual實際 practice實踐.

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現在我們看看它實際運作吧

02:14

So what we've我們已經 got here now is the global全球 footprint腳印

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我們這裏有過去四年間

02:17

of all the TEDx的TEDx Talks會談 over the last four四 years年份

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TEDx 演講在全球的足跡

02:19

exploding爆炸 out around the world世界

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它遍佈全世界

02:20

from New新 York紐約 all the way down to little old舊 New新 Zealand新西蘭 in the corner角.

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從紐約一直到在另一角落中小小的紐西蘭

02:24

And what we did on this is we analyzed分析 the top最佳 25 percent百分 of these,

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我們所做的是分析當中的四分之一

02:28

and we started開始 to see where the connections連接 occurred發生,

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之後我們就開始發現它們當中的連繫

02:30

where they connected連接的 with each每 other.

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以及它們從哪一個地方連接起來

02:32

Cameron卡梅倫 Russell羅素 talking說 about image圖片 and beauty美女

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卡梅倫．羅素講述影像與美學

02:33

connected連接的 over into Europe歐洲.

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把我們帶到歐洲

02:35

We've我們已經 got a bigger大 conversation會話 about Israel以色列 and Palestine巴勒斯坦

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有關以色列及巴勒斯坦的演講其範圍更廣了些

02:37

radiating散熱 outwards向外 from the Middle中間 East東.

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從中東一直延伸開去

02:40

And we've我們已經 got something a little broader更廣泛

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我們還有一個比較廣議題

02:41

like big大 data數據 with a truly真 global全球 footprint腳印

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像是世界各地都在討論的巨量資料(大數據)

02:43

reminiscent讓人聯想起 of a conversation會話

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讓人想起

02:45

that is happening事件 everywhere到處.

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到處都在發生的對話

02:47

So from this, we kind類 of run跑 up against反對 the limits範圍

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從這裏，我們就好像遇見了一個

02:50

of what we can actually其實 do with a geographic地理 projection投影,

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平面的地域投影給我們設的限制

02:52

but luckily幸, computer電腦 technology技術 allows允許 us to go out

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慶幸地，電腦科技容許我們

02:54

into multidimensional多維 space空間.

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走進多維空間

02:56

So we can take in our network網絡 projection投影

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所以我們可以理解我們的網路投射

02:58

and apply應用 a physics物理 engine發動機 to this,

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透過物理引擎的運用

02:59

and the similar類似 talks會談 kind類 of smash粉碎 together一起,

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而相似的演講相似碰撞在一起

03:01

and the different不同 ones那些 fly飛 apart距離,

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不同的演講則會遠離

03:03

and what we're left with is something quite相當 beautiful美麗.

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我們最後得出這樣漂亮的結果

03:05

EBEB: So I want to just point點 out here that every一切 node節點 is a talk,

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艾瑞克: 我想指出這裏每一點都代表一場演講

03:08

they're linked關聯 if they share分享 similar類似 ideas思路,

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如果它個有相似的構想，它們就會連起來

03:11

and that comes來 from a machine機 reading讀

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這是一個機器讀取

03:13

of entire整個 talk transcripts成績單,

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所有演講稿

03:15

and then all these topics主題 that pop流行的 out,

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然後抽取當中的主旨所得出的結果

03:17

they're not from tags標籤 and keywords關鍵字.

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它們並非來自標籤及關鍵詞

03:19

They come from the network網絡 structure結構體

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它們實際上是來自互相關連的構想

03:21

of interconnected互聯 ideas思路. Keep going.

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所組成的網絡結構。你繼續吧

03:23

SGSG: Absolutely絕對. So I got a little quick快 on that,

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肖恩: 絕對是。我比說的有點太快了

03:25

but he's going to slow慢 me down.

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但他會降低我的節奏

03:26

We've我們已經 got education教育 connected連接的 to storytelling評書

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我們可以將教育、故事敍述

03:28

triangulated三角 next下一個 to social社會 media媒體.

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與社交媒體連成一個三角形

03:30

You've got, of course課程, the human人的 brain腦 right next下一個 to healthcare衛生保健,

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你可以得出: 人腦就在醫療的旁邊

03:33

which哪一個 you might威力 expect期望,

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這或許也是你預期之內的

03:34

but also也 you've got video視頻 games遊戲, which哪一個 is sort分類 of adjacent鄰,

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但你也會得出電玩遊戲... 很接近地

03:36

as those two spaces空間 interface接口 with each每 other.

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它們兩者之間有所互動

03:39

But I want to take you into one cluster簇

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不過我希望帶你們到一組主題

03:41

that's particularly尤其 important重要 to me, and that's the environment環境.

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這對我來說是一個特別的群組，這是「環境」

03:43

And I want to kind類 of zoom放大 in on that

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而我又想再放大這個部分

03:45

and see if we can get a little more resolution解析度.

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看看我們可否再多提高一點它的解像度

03:47

So as we go in here, what we start開始 to see,

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當我們進入這個群組時，我們可以看到

03:50

apply應用 the physics物理 engine發動機 again,

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再一次運用我們的物理引擎

03:51

we see what's one conversation會話

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我們可以看到一場演講

03:53

is actually其實 composed由 of many許多 smaller小 ones那些.

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實際上是由很多較小規模的對話交幟而成

03:55

The structure結構體 starts啟動 to emerge出現

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這個組織開始顯露出來了

03:57

where we see a kind類 of fractal分形 behavior行為

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我們可以看到一些

03:59

of the words話 and the language語言 that we use

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一些我們用來形容在我們周圍、

04:01

to describe描述 the things that are important重要 to us

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對我們很重要的詞語及語言

04:03

all around this world世界.

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有不規則的行為

04:04

So you've got food餐飲 economy經濟 and local本地 food餐飲 at the top最佳,

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你可以看到食物經濟學及本土食物在最頂層

04:06

you've got greenhouse溫室 gases氣體, solar太陽能 and nuclear核 waste浪費.

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你也可以看到溫室氣體、太陽能、核廢料

04:09

What you're getting得到 is a range範圍 of smaller小 conversations對話,

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你可以得到的是一系列較小規模的對話

04:12

each每 connected連接的 to each每 other through通過 the ideas思路

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每一個都以它的構思

04:14

and the language語言 they share分享,

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和它們的共通語言與其他對話連在一起

04:15

creating創建 a broader更廣泛 concept概念 of the environment環境.

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最後構成一個有關於環境，但更寛更廣的想法

04:18

And of course課程, from here, we can go

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當然，從這裏，我們可以

04:19

and zoom放大 in and see, well, what are young年輕 people looking at?

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繼續放大及看看，究竟年輕人在看甚麼呢?

04:23

And they're looking at energy能源 technology技術 and nuclear核 fusion聚變.

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原來他們在看有關能源科技及核聚變的資訊

04:25

This is their其 kind類 of resonance諧振

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這是他們對有關環境的對話

04:27

for the conversation會話 around the environment環境.

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所產生出的共鳴

04:29

If we split分裂 along沿 gender性別 lines線,

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如果我們以性別劃分

04:31

we can see females女性 resonating共鳴 heavily嚴重

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我們可以看到女性對於食物經濟學、以及

04:33

with food餐飲 economy經濟, but also也 out there in hope希望 and optimism樂觀.

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「希望與樂觀」有較大的共鳴

04:37

And so there's a lot of exciting扣人心弦 stuff東東 we can do here,

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這裏有很多令人興奮的東西可以做

04:39

and I'll throw扔 to Eric埃里克 for the next下一個 part部分.

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而我會將以下的部分交給艾瑞克

04:41

EBEB: Yeah, I mean, just to point點 out here,

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艾瑞克: 是的，我認為，在指說明

04:43

you cannot不能 get this kind類 of perspective透視

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你無法得到這些觀點

04:44

from a simple簡單 tag標籤 search搜索 on YouTubeYouTube的.

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從 YouTube 中簡單的標籤搜尋中

04:48

Let's now zoom放大 back out to the entire整個 global全球 conversation會話

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現在回到全球性的對話

04:52

out of environment環境, and look at all the talks會談 together一起.

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將全部的演講一同觀察

04:54

Now often經常, when we're faced面對 with this amount量 of content內容,

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很多時，當我們面對這樣龐大的內容

04:57

we do a couple一對 of things to simplify簡化 it.

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我們會用一系列的方法去簡化它

05:00

We might威力 just say, well,

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我們或許會說，譬如

05:01

what are the most最 popular流行 talks會談 out there?

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哪一個是最受歡迎的演講呢?

05:04

And a few少數 rise上升 to the surface表面.

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有數個演講浮到表面來

05:05

There's a talk about gratitude感謝.

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這裏有一個演講關於感恩

05:07

There's another另一個 one about personal個人 health健康 and nutrition營養.

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這裏有另一個演講關於個人健康與營養

05:10

And of course課程, there's got to be one about pornA片, right?

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當然，有另一個演講關於色情行業，對嗎?

05:13

And so then we might威力 say, well, gratitude感謝, that was last year年.

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接着，我們會說，好，感恩，那是去年的演講

05:17

What's trending趨勢 now? What's the popular流行 talk now?

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那現在的趨勢是甚麼呢?
哪一個是現在最流行的演講呢?

05:19

And we can see that the new新, emerging新興, top最佳 trending趨勢 topic話題

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我們可以看到這個新的、正冒起來的、最流行的題目

05:22

is about digital數字 privacy隱私.

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是有關於數位隱私

05:25

So this is great. It simplifies簡化 things.

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這是極好的。這簡化了不少事情

05:27

But there's so much creative創作的 content內容

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但這裏有很多具創意的內容

05:29

that's just buried隱藏 at the bottom底部.

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被埋在最底層

05:31

And I hate討厭 that. How do we bubble泡沫 stuff東東 up to the surface表面

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我討厭這種感覺。我們怎樣可以令這些可能是具創意

05:34

that's maybe really creative創作的 and interesting有趣?

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及有趣的東西浮到表面呢?

05:36

Well, we can go back to the network網絡 structure結構體 of ideas思路

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我們可以回到那個包含不同構思的網絡

05:39

to do that.

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去尋找它們

05:41

Remember記得, it's that network網絡 structure結構體

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記住，這就是那個製造出不同的、

05:43

that is creating創建 these emergent應急 topics主題,

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處於萌芽階段的題目的網絡

05:45

and let's say we could take two of them,

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不如我們拿當中的兩個題目

05:47

like cities城市 and genetics遺傳學, and say, well, are there any talks會談

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像是城市和基因，再看看有哪些演講

05:50

that creatively創造性 bridge橋 these two really different不同 disciplines學科.

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很有想像力的把這兩個截然不同的科目連在一起

05:52

And that's -- Essentially實質上, this kind類 of creative創作的 remix混音

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這個 -- 實際上，這種具創新性的重組

05:54

is one of the hallmarks特點 of innovation革新.

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就是創新的特徵之一

05:56

Well here's這裡的 one by Jessica傑西卡 Green綠色

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這裏有一個謝西嘉．格林主講

05:58

about the microbial微生物 ecology生態 of buildings房屋.

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有關建築物裏的微生物生態學的演講

06:00

It's literally按照字面 defining確定 a new新 field領域.

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她的確是在界定一個新的領域

06:02

And we could go back to those topics主題 and say, well,

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我們可以回到這些主題，並問問

06:04

what talks會談 are central中央 to those conversations對話?

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這些談話間核心的演講是什麼?

06:07

In the cities城市 cluster簇, one of the most最 central中央

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在城市這個群組裏，一個最中心的演講

06:09

was one by Mitch米奇 Joachim約阿希姆 about ecological生態 cities城市,

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是由米茨．祖詹主講，主題是主張生態保護的城市

06:13

and in the genetics遺傳學 cluster簇,

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在基因研究這個群組

06:15

we have a talk about synthetic合成的 biology生物學 by Craig克雷格 Venter腹部.

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我們有一個克萊格·凡特主講、關於人工生物學的演講

06:18

These are talks會談 that are linking鏈接 many許多 talks會談 within中 their其 discipline學科.

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這些演講都連繫着很多在相同範疇的其他演講

06:21

We could go the other direction方向 and say, well,

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我們可以向另一個方向出發

06:23

what are talks會談 that are broadly寬廣地 synthesizing合成

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問問哪些演講是廣泛綜合

06:25

a lot of different不同 kinds種 of fields領域.

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許多不同的領域

06:27

We used a measure測量 of ecological生態 diversity多樣 to get this.

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我們用一個生態學多樣性的量度單位去看看

06:29

Like, a talk by Steven史蒂芬 Pinker平克 on the history歷史 of violence暴力,

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一個史迪芬．平克的演講、關於暴力的歷史

06:32

very synthetic合成的.

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就很有綜合性

06:33

And then, of course課程, there are talks會談 that are so unique獨特

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當然，也有些演講是很獨特的

06:35

they're kind類 of out in the stratosphere平流層, in their其 own擁有 special特別 place地點,

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它們就是遠離平流層，在它們自己的一個特別位置

06:38

and we call that the Colleen科琳 Flanagan那根 index指數.

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我們叫它做「歌蓮．費拿根系數」

06:41

And if you don't know Colleen科琳, she's an artist藝術家,

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如果你不認識歌蓮，她是一個藝術家

06:44

and I asked問 her, "Well, what's it like out there

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當我問她: 「唔，在平流層裏

06:45

in the stratosphere平流層 of our idea理念 space空間?"

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我們的想法看似甚麼呢?」

06:47

And apparently顯然地 it smells氣味 like bacon培根.

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顯然地，它的嗅味像一塊煙肉

06:50

I wouldn't不會 know.

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我不會知道

06:52

So we're using運用 these network網絡 motifs主題

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所以我們就用這些網絡中心思想

06:54

to find talks會談 that are unique獨特,

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去尋找獨特的演講

06:56

ones那些 that are creatively創造性 synthesizing合成 a lot of different不同 fields領域,

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有些是創意地結合不同範疇

06:58

ones那些 that are central中央 to their其 topic話題,

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有些是在它們的領域中具有代表性

07:00

and ones那些 that are really creatively創造性 bridging橋接 disparate不同 fields領域.

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以及有些是相當創意去連繫截然不同範疇的演講

07:03

Okay? We never would have found發現 those with our obsession困擾

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可以嗎? 即使我們着了魔一樣去找尋現時最流行的演講

07:05

with what's trending趨勢 now.

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也未必會找到它們

07:08

And all of this comes來 from the architecture建築 of complexity複雜,

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它們隱藏在複雜的結構裏

07:11

or the patterns模式 of how things are connected連接的.

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或是事物間如何連結的模式

07:14

SGSG: So that's exactly究竟 right.

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肖恩: 這完全是對的

07:15

We've我們已經 got ourselves我們自己 in a world世界

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我們就在一個

07:18

that's massively大規模 complex複雜,

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無比複雜的世界中

07:20

and we've我們已經 been using運用 algorithms算法 to kind類 of filter過濾 it down

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我們用一系列的運算法去拆解它

07:23

so we can navigate導航 through通過 it.

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以致我們可以在中間游走

07:24

And those algorithms算法, whilst同時 being存在 kind類 of useful有用,

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這些運算法，雖然是很有用

07:27

are also也 very, very narrow狹窄, and we can do better than that,

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但它們仍然是不夠全面的，我們定當能夠做得更好

07:30

because we can realize實現 that their其 complexity複雜 is not random隨機.

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因為我們發現這些複雜性並不是偶然性的

07:33

It has mathematical數學的 structure結構體,

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它有一個數學結構

07:35

and we can use that mathematical數學的 structure結構體

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我們可以用這個數學結構

07:36

to go and explore探索 things like the world世界 of ideas思路

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去探索世界上不同的構思

07:39

to see what's being存在 said, to see what's not being存在 said,

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去看看別人說過甚麼，甚麼沒有被提出過

07:42

and to be a little bit位 more human人的

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再去做些更人性化的事

07:43

and, hopefully希望, a little smarter聰明.

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亦希望變得聰明一些

07:45

Thank you.

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謝謝

07:46

(Applause掌聲)

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(掌聲)

Translated by Jonas Lau
Reviewed by Kuan Hsien Lee

ABOUT THE SPEAKERS

Eric Berlow - Ecologist
TED Senior Fellow Eric Berlow studies ecology and networks, exposing the interconnectedness of our ecosystems with climate change, government, corporations and more.

Why you should listen

Eric Berlow is an ecologist and network scientist who specializes in not specializing. A TED Senior Fellow, Berlow is recognized for his research on food webs and ecological networks and for creative approaches to complex problems. He was the founding director of the University of California's first environmental science center inside Yosemite National Park, where he continues to develop data-driven approaches to managing natural ecosystems.

In 2012 Berlow founded Vibrant Data Labs, which builds tools to use data for social good. Berlow's current projects range from helping spark an egalitarian personal data economy to protecting endangered amphibians in Yosemite to crowd-sourcing novel insights about human creativity. Berlow holds a Ph.D. from Oregon State University in marine ecology.

More profile about the speaker
Eric Berlow | Speaker | TED.com

Sean Gourley - Physicist and military theorist
Sean Gourley, trained as a physicist, has turned his scientific mind to analyzing data about a messier topic: modern war and conflict. He is a TED Fellow.

Why you should listen

Sean Gourley's twin passions are physics (working on nanoscale blue-light lasers and self-assembled quantum nanowires) and politics (he once ran for a national elected office back home in New Zealand).

A Rhodes scholar, he's spent the past five years working at Oxford on complex adaptive systems and collective intelligent systems -- basically, using data to understand the nature of human conflict. As he puts it, "This research has taken me all over the world from the Pentagon, to the House of Lords, the United Nations and most recently to Iraq". Originally from New Zealand, he now lives in San Francisco, where he is the co-founder and CTO of Quid which is building a global intelligence platform. He's a 2009 TED Fellow.

In December 2009, Gourley and his team's research was published in the scientific journal Nature. He is co-founder and CTO of Quid.

More profile about the speaker
Sean Gourley | Speaker | TED.com

THE ORIGINAL VIDEO ON TED.COM

艾瑞克．伯勞與肖恩．古爾利: 繪出值得宣揚的想法地圖 | TED Talk | TED.com