TEDSummit
Christopher Soghoian: Your smartphone is a civil rights issue
Christopher Soghoian: Vaš pametni telefon je pitanje građanskih prava
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Pametni telefon koji koristite odražava više od osobnog ukusa ... On može odrediti i koliko možete biti pod nadzorom. Stručnjak za privatnost i član TED Fellows programa, Christopher Soghoian, objašnjava vidljivu razliku u enkripciji korištenoj na Apple i Android uređajima i upozorava nas da obratimo pažnju na porast podjele u digitalnoj sigurnosti. "Problem je ako su jedini ljudi koji se mogu zaštiti od pogleda vlade bogati i moćni," kaže. "To nije samo problem cyber sigurnosti, to je problem građanskih prava."
Christopher Soghoian - Privacy researcher and activist
Christopher Soghoian researches and exposes the high-tech surveillance tools that governments use to spy on their own citizens, and he is a champion of digital privacy rights. Full bio
Christopher Soghoian researches and exposes the high-tech surveillance tools that governments use to spy on their own citizens, and he is a champion of digital privacy rights. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
In the spring of 2016,
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U proljeće 2016,
00:15
a legal battle between Apple
and the Federal Bureau of Investigation
and the Federal Bureau of Investigation
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pravna borba između Applea i FBI-a
00:19
captured the world's attention.
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zapela je svijetu za oko.
00:21
Apple has built security features
into its mobile products
into its mobile products
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Apple je ugradio sigurnosne postavke
u svoje mobilne proizvode
u svoje mobilne proizvode
00:24
which protect data on its devices
from everyone but the owner.
from everyone but the owner.
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koje štite podatke na svojim uređajima
od svakog osim vlasnika.
od svakog osim vlasnika.
00:28
That means that criminals, hackers
and yes, even governments
and yes, even governments
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To znači da su kriminalci,
hakeri i da, čak i vlade
hakeri i da, čak i vlade
00:33
are all locked out.
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bez pristupa.
00:35
For Apple's customers,
this is a great thing.
this is a great thing.
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Za Appleove korisnike
to je odlična stvar.
to je odlična stvar.
00:38
But governments are not so happy.
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Ali vlade nisu baš sretne.
00:41
You see, Apple has made
a conscious decision
a conscious decision
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Vidite, Apple je napravio svjesnu odluku
00:43
to get out of the surveillance business.
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da bude izvan nadzora.
00:46
Apple has tried to make surveillance
as difficult as possible
as difficult as possible
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Apple je pokušao otežati nadzor
što je više moguće
što je više moguće
00:49
for governments and any other actors.
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vladama i bilo kome drugome.
00:53
There are really two
smartphone operating systems
smartphone operating systems
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Postoje dva operativna sustava
na svjetskom tržištu pametnih telefona:
00:56
in the global smartphone market:
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00:57
iOS and Android.
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iOS i Android.
00:59
iOS is made by Apple.
Android is made by Google.
Android is made by Google.
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iOS je stvorio Apple.
Android je stvorio Google.
Android je stvorio Google.
01:03
Apple has spent a lot of time and money
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Apple je potrošio mnogo vremena i novca
01:06
to make sure that its products
are as secure as possible.
are as secure as possible.
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kako bi se osigurao da
njihovi proizvodi budu što sigurniji.
njihovi proizvodi budu što sigurniji.
01:10
Apple encrypts all data
stored on iPhones by default,
stored on iPhones by default,
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Apple automatski enkriptira sve podatke
uskladištene na iPhoneu,
uskladištene na iPhoneu,
01:13
and text messages sent from one
Apple customer to another Apple customer
Apple customer to another Apple customer
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a tekstualne poruke poslane od jednog
do drugog Apple korisnika
do drugog Apple korisnika
01:17
are encrypted by default
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enkriptirane su automatski,
01:19
without the user having
to take any actions.
to take any actions.
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bez da korisnik mora bilo što poduzeti.
01:22
What this means is that,
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To znači da,
01:24
if the police seize an iPhone
and it has a password,
and it has a password,
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ako policija zaplijeni iPhone
koji ima šifru,
koji ima šifru,
01:28
they'll have a difficult time
getting any data off of it,
getting any data off of it,
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teško će doći do ikakvih podataka s njega,
01:32
if they can do it at all.
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ako to uopće i mogu učiniti.
01:34
In contrast, the security of Android
just really isn't as good.
just really isn't as good.
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Nasuprot tome, sigurnost Androida
jednostavno nije tako dobra.
jednostavno nije tako dobra.
01:38
Android phones, or at least
most of the Android phones
most of the Android phones
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Android telefoni, ili bar većina njih,
01:41
that have been sold to consumers,
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koji su prodani korisnicima,
01:43
do not encrypt data stored
on the device by default,
on the device by default,
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ne enkriptiraju automatski podatke
pohranjene na uređaju,
pohranjene na uređaju,
01:46
and the built-in text messaging app
in Android does not use encryption.
in Android does not use encryption.
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a aplikacija za slanje poruka
na Androidu ne koristi enkripciju.
na Androidu ne koristi enkripciju.
01:51
So if the police seize an Android phone,
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Tako da ako policija
zaplijeni Android telefon,
zaplijeni Android telefon,
01:54
chances are, they'll be able to get
all the data they want
all the data they want
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velike su šanse da će moći dobiti
sve željene podatke
sve željene podatke
01:57
off of that device.
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s tog uređaja.
01:59
Two smartphones
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Dva pametna telefona
02:01
from two of the biggest
companies in the world;
companies in the world;
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od dvije najveće kompanije svijeta;
02:04
one that protects data by default,
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jedna koja automatski štiti podatke
02:06
and one that doesn't.
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i druga koja to ne čini.
02:08
Apple is a seller of luxury goods.
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Apple prodaje luksuzne proizvode.
02:12
It dominates the high end of the market.
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On dominira na tržištu
visoke kupovne moći.
visoke kupovne moći.
02:14
And we would expect a manufacturer
of luxury goods to have products
of luxury goods to have products
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A od proizvođača luksuznih dobara
bismo očekivali da njegovi proizvodi
bismo očekivali da njegovi proizvodi
02:19
that include more features.
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uključuju više odlika.
02:21
But not everyone can afford an iPhone.
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Ali ne mogu svi sebi priuštiti iPhone.
02:23
That's where Android
really, really dominates:
really, really dominates:
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Tu Android zaista dominira,
02:26
at the middle and low end of the market,
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na srednjem i nižem dijelu tržišta,
02:29
smartphones for the billion
and a half people
and a half people
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pametni telefoni za milijardu i pol ljudi
02:32
who cannot or will not spend
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koji ne mogu ili ne žele potrošiti
02:34
600 dollars on a phone.
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600 dolara na telefon.
02:41
But the dominance of Android
has led to what I call
has led to what I call
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Ali, dominacija Androida je dovela
do nečega što ja zovem
do nečega što ja zovem
02:47
the "digital security divide."
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"podjela digitalne sigurnosti."
02:49
That is, there is now increasingly a gap
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To jest, sada je sve veći jaz
02:52
between the privacy
and security of the rich,
and security of the rich,
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između privatnosti i sigurnosti bogatih,
02:56
who can afford devices
that secure their data by default,
that secure their data by default,
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koji si mogu priuštiti uređaje
koji štite njihove podatke,
koji štite njihove podatke,
03:00
and of the poor,
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i siromašnih,
03:01
whose devices do very little
to protect them by default.
to protect them by default.
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čiji uređaji rade vrlo malo
na automatskoj zaštiti.
na automatskoj zaštiti.
03:07
So, think of the average Apple customer:
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Zamislite prosječnog korisnika
Appleovih proizvoda:
Appleovih proizvoda:
03:12
a banker, a lawyer,
a doctor, a politician.
a doctor, a politician.
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bankara, odvjetnika,
liječnika, političara.
liječnika, političara.
03:17
These individuals now increasingly have
smartphones in their pockets
smartphones in their pockets
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Te osobe sada sve više imaju
u svojim džepovima telefone,
u svojim džepovima telefone,
03:22
that encrypt their calls,
their text messages,
their text messages,
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koji enkriptiraju njihove pozive,
njihove tekstualne poruke,
njihove tekstualne poruke,
03:26
all the data on the device,
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sve te podatke na uređaju,
03:27
without them doing really anything
to secure their information.
to secure their information.
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bez da oni učine išta
za zaštitu svojih informacija.
za zaštitu svojih informacija.
03:32
In contrast, the poor
and the most vulnerable in our societies
and the most vulnerable in our societies
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Nasuprot tome, siromašni
i najranjiviji u našim društvima
i najranjiviji u našim društvima
03:36
are using devices that leave them
completely vulnerable to surveillance.
completely vulnerable to surveillance.
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koriste uređaje zbog kojih su
potpuno osjetljivi na nadzor.
potpuno osjetljivi na nadzor.
03:43
In the United States, where I live,
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U Sjedinjenim Državama, gdje živim,
03:45
African-Americans are more likely
to be seen as suspicious
to be seen as suspicious
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Afro-Amerikance će češće
gledati kao sumnjive,
gledati kao sumnjive,
03:49
or more likely to be profiled,
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ili će ih češće provjeravati,
03:51
and are more likely to be targeted
by the state with surveillance.
by the state with surveillance.
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i vjerojatnije je da će biti
meta nadzora države.
meta nadzora države.
03:56
But African-Americans
are also disproportionately likely
are also disproportionately likely
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Ali mnogo je vjerojatnije
da će Afro-Amerikanci
da će Afro-Amerikanci
03:58
to use Android devices
that do nothing at all
that do nothing at all
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koristiti Android uređaje
koji ne poduzimaju baš ništa
koji ne poduzimaju baš ništa
04:01
to protect them from that surveillance.
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kako bi ih zaštitili od nadzora.
04:04
This is a problem.
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To je problem.
04:07
We must remember
that surveillance is a tool.
that surveillance is a tool.
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Moramo se sjetiti da je nadzor alat.
04:10
It's a tool used by those in power
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To je alat kojeg koriste moćni
04:13
against those who have no power.
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protiv onih koji nemaju moć.
04:17
And while I think it's absolutely great
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I dok mislim da je odlično
04:21
that companies like Apple
are making it easy for people to encrypt,
are making it easy for people to encrypt,
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što kompanije poput Applea
olakšavaju ljudima enkripciju,
olakšavaju ljudima enkripciju,
04:26
if the only people
who can protect themselves
who can protect themselves
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ako su jedini ljudi koji se mogu zaštititi
04:30
from the gaze of the government
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od pogleda vlade
04:31
are the rich and powerful,
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bogati i moćni,
04:33
that's a problem.
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to je problem.
04:35
And it's not just a privacy
or a cybersecurity problem.
or a cybersecurity problem.
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A to nije samo problem privatnosti
ili cyber sigurnosti.
ili cyber sigurnosti.
04:39
It's a civil rights problem.
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To je problem građanskih prava.
04:42
So the lack of default security in Android
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Tako da nedostatak
automatske zaštite na Androidu
automatske zaštite na Androidu
04:45
is not just a problem
for the poor and vulnerable users
for the poor and vulnerable users
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nije samo problem za siromašne
i nezaštićene korisnike
i nezaštićene korisnike
04:51
who are depending on these devices.
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koji ovise o ovim uređajima.
04:53
This is actually a problem
for our democracy.
for our democracy.
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To je, zapravo, problem
za našu demokraciju.
za našu demokraciju.
04:56
I'll explain what I mean.
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Objasnit ću što time mislim.
04:58
Modern social movements
rely on technology --
rely on technology --
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Moderni društveni pokreti
se oslanjaju na tehnologiju
se oslanjaju na tehnologiju
05:01
from Black Lives Matter to the Arab Spring
to Occupy Wall Street.
to Occupy Wall Street.
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od Black Lives Matter do Arapskog proljeća
te Occupy Wall Street.
te Occupy Wall Street.
05:07
The organizers of these movements
and the members of these movements
and the members of these movements
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Organizatori i članovi ovih pokreta
05:11
increasingly communicate
and coordinate with smartphones.
and coordinate with smartphones.
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sve više komuniciraju i koordiniraju se
uz pomoć pametnih telefona.
uz pomoć pametnih telefona.
05:16
And so, naturally governments
that feel threatened by these movements
that feel threatened by these movements
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I tako, vlade koje se osjećaju ugroženo
od strane tih pokreta
od strane tih pokreta
05:20
will also target the organizers
and their smartphones.
and their smartphones.
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također će ciljati organizatore
i njihove pametne telefone.
i njihove pametne telefone.
05:25
Now, it's quite possible
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Vrlo je moguće
05:27
that a future Martin Luther King
or a Mandela or a Gandhi
or a Mandela or a Gandhi
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da će budući Martin Luther King,
Mandela ili Gandhi
Mandela ili Gandhi
05:31
will have an iPhone and be protected
from government surveillance.
from government surveillance.
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imati iPhone i biti zaštićeni
od nadzora vlade.
od nadzora vlade.
05:36
But chances are,
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Ali vjerojatnije je
05:37
they'll probably have a cheap,
$20 Android phone in their pocket.
$20 Android phone in their pocket.
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da će u svojim džepovima imati
jeftini Android telefon od 20 dolara.
jeftini Android telefon od 20 dolara.
05:42
And so if we do nothing
to address the digital security divide,
to address the digital security divide,
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I tako da, ako ne poduzmemo ništa
da riješimo podjelu digitalne sigurnosti,
da riješimo podjelu digitalne sigurnosti,
05:46
if we do nothing to ensure
that everyone in our society
that everyone in our society
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ako ne poduzmemo ništa da osiguramo
da svatko u našem društvu
da svatko u našem društvu
05:51
gets the same benefits of encryption
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dobije jednaku korist od enkripcije
05:53
and is equally able to protect themselves
from surveillance by the state,
from surveillance by the state,
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i bude jednako u mogućnosti zaštititi se
od prismotre države,
od prismotre države,
05:57
not only will the poor and vulnerable
be exposed to surveillance,
be exposed to surveillance,
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ne samo da će siromašni i ranjivi
biti izloženi nadzoru,
biti izloženi nadzoru,
06:02
but future civil rights
movements may be crushed
movements may be crushed
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već bi budući pokreti za građanska prava
mogli biti uništeni,
mogli biti uništeni,
06:05
before they ever reach
their full potential.
their full potential.
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prije nego što uopće dostignu
svoj puni potencijal.
svoj puni potencijal.
06:07
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
06:09
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
06:15
Helen Walters: Chris, thank you so much.
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Helen Walters: Chris, hvala ti puno.
06:17
I have a question for you.
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Imam pitanje za tebe.
06:19
We saw recently in the press
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Nedavno smo vidjeli u tisku
06:21
that Mark Zuckerberg from Facebook
covers over his camera
covers over his camera
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da Mark Zuckerberg iz Facebooka
prekriva svoju kameru
prekriva svoju kameru
06:27
and does something
with his headphone mic jack.
with his headphone mic jack.
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i radi nešto sa svojom
utičnicom za slušalice.
utičnicom za slušalice.
06:30
So I wanted to ask you
a personal question, which is:
a personal question, which is:
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Zato sam te željela pitati
osobno pitanje, a to je:
osobno pitanje, a to je:
06:32
Do you do that?
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Radiš li i ti to?
06:33
And, on behalf of everyone
here, particularly myself,
here, particularly myself,
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I u ime svih prisutnih, pogotovo mene,
06:36
Should we be doing that?
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trebamo li i mi to raditi?
06:37
Should we be covering these things?
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Trebamo li prekrivati te dijelove?
06:39
Christopher Soghoian: Putting a sticker --
actually, I like Band-Aids,
actually, I like Band-Aids,
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Christopher Soghoian: Staviti naljepnicu,
zapravo, ja volim flastere,
zapravo, ja volim flastere,
06:43
because you can remove them
and put them back on
and put them back on
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jer ih možete ukloniti i vratiti natrag
kad god želite zvati
redovno ili preko Skypea.
redovno ili preko Skypea.
06:46
whenever you want to make
a call or a Skype call.
a call or a Skype call.
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Stavljanje naljepnice
preko web kamere
preko web kamere
06:48
Putting a sticker over your web cam
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vjerojatno je najbolje što možete
učiniti za svoju privatnost
učiniti za svoju privatnost
06:50
is probably the best thing
you can do for your privacy
you can do for your privacy
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06:52
in terms of bang for buck.
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u smislu dobivenog
za uloženi novac.
za uloženi novac.
06:54
There really is malware,
malicious software out there
malicious software out there
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Zaista postoji malware, zloćudni softver
06:58
that can take over your web cam,
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koji može preuzeti vašu web kameru
07:00
even without the light turning on.
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a da ona nije ni upaljena.
07:02
This is used by criminals.
This is used by stalkers.
This is used by stalkers.
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To koriste kriminalci, stalkeri (uhode).
07:05
You can buy $19.99 "spy
on your ex-girlfriend" software online.
on your ex-girlfriend" software online.
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Možete kupiti softver za špijuniranje
svoje djevojke za 20 dolara.
svoje djevojke za 20 dolara.
07:10
It's really terrifying.
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To je vrlo zastrašujuće.
07:11
And then, of course,
it's used by governments.
it's used by governments.
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I onda, naravno, to koriste vlade.
07:14
And there's obviously
a sexual violence component to this,
a sexual violence component to this,
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Očigledno postoji komponenta
seksualnog nasilja u ovome,
seksualnog nasilja u ovome,
07:17
which is that this kind of surveillance
can be used most effectively
can be used most effectively
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a to je da se ova vrsta nadzora
najučinkovitije može koristiti
najučinkovitije može koristiti
07:20
against women and other people
who can be shamed in our society.
who can be shamed in our society.
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protiv žena i drugih ljudi
koje se može osramotiti u našem društvu.
koje se može osramotiti u našem društvu.
07:28
Even if you think
you have nothing to hide,
you have nothing to hide,
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Čak i ako mislite da nemate što kriti,
07:30
at the very least, if you have
children, teenagers in your lives,
children, teenagers in your lives,
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barem, ako imate djecu, tinejdžere,
pobrinite se da stavite naljepnicu
na njihovu kameru i zaštitite ih.
na njihovu kameru i zaštitite ih.
07:35
make sure you put a sticker
on their camera and protect them.
on their camera and protect them.
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07:38
HW: Wow. Thank you so much.
CS: Thank you.
CS: Thank you.
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HW: Hvala ti puno.
CS: Hvala.
CS: Hvala.
HW: Hvala, Chris.
07:40
HW: Thanks, Chris.
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(Pljesak)
07:41
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Christopher Soghoian - Privacy researcher and activistChristopher Soghoian researches and exposes the high-tech surveillance tools that governments use to spy on their own citizens, and he is a champion of digital privacy rights.
Why you should listen
TED Fellow Christopher Soghoian is a champion of digital privacy rights, with a focus on the role that third-party service providers play in enabling governments to monitor citizens. As the principal technologist at the American Civil Liberties Union, he explores the intersection of federal surveillance and citizen's rights.
Before joining the ACLU, he was the first-ever technologist for the Federal Trade Commision's Division of Privacy and Identity Protection, where he worked on investigations of Facebook, Twitter, MySpace and Netflix. Soghoian is also the creator of Do Not Track, an anti-tracking device that all major web browsers now use, and his work has been cited in court.
Christopher Soghoian | Speaker | TED.com