Leila Takayama: What's it like to be a robot?
Лейла Такаяма: Каково это — быть роботом?
Leila Takayama conducts research on human-robot interaction. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
to make a first impression,
произвести первое впечатление,
as well as if you're a person.
one of these robots
called Willow Garage in 2008.
my host walked me into the building
about robots that day
with these possible robot futures,
с роботизированным будущим
a lot more about ourselves
много нового о людях,
expectations for this little dude.
от этого маленького чувака.
to navigate the physical world,
может ориентироваться
но и в социальном мире —
to navigate my social world --
to get from point A to point B,
из пункта А в пункт Б,
not a very efficient thing to do.
that I was a person, not a chair,
что я человек, а не стул,
to get out of its way
would have been more efficient
свою задачу эффективнее;
to notice that I was a human
than things like chairs and walls do.
чем обычные стулья или стены.
as being from outer space
это нечто из космоса,
and from science fiction,
that robots are here today,
amongst us right now.
and they cut the grass
if I actually had time to do these tasks,
я бы всё равно не превзошла бы их
do it better than I would, too.
выполняемой работы.
he uses the box, it cleans it,
после каждого использования,
his life better as well as mine.
облегчает всем нам жизнь.
it's a robot lawnmower,
роботов-газонокосильщиков
of other robots hiding in plain sight
множество других роботов;
like, "dishwasher," right?
важную роль в нашей жизни.
serve a purpose in our lives.
что я называю его роботом.
at me calling this a robot,
66 degrees Fahrenheit,
температуру 19 градусов по Цельсию
it acts on the physical world.
look like Rosie the Robot,
that's really useful in my life
up and down myself.
live and work amongst us now,
и работают среди нас,
living amongst us
a robot operator, too.
from point A to point B,
есть усилитель руля,
and maybe even adaptive cruise control.
и даже адаптивный круиз-контроль.
a fully autonomous car,
автономный автомобиль,
like they're invisible-in-use, right?
you're going from one place to another.
из пункта А в пункт Б.
that you have to deal with and operate
управлять этой махиной
learning how to drive
и все детали становятся
extensions of ourselves.
in that tight little garage space,
that maybe you haven't driven before,
to get used to your new robot body.
к новому роботизированному телу.
who operate other types of robots,
которые управляют другими роботами,
a few stories about that.
удалённого сотрудничества.
of remote collaboration.
I had a coworker named Dallas,
in our company in California.
в нашей компании в Калифорнии.
on the table in most of our meetings,
доносящимся из ящика на столе.
except that, you know,
и нам не нравились его идеи,
and we didn't like what he was saying,
совещание уже без него
after that meeting
in the hallway afterwards
robot body parts laying around,
и его приятель Курт собрали это.
put together this thing,
Skype и палки на колёсах.
like Skype on a stick on wheels,
one of the most powerful tools
из самых мощных инструментов,
for remote collaboration.
Dallas' email question,
на вопросы Далласа по e-mail,
and ask me the question again --
и повторял свой вопрос,
That's kind of rude.
Это невежливо.
for these one-on-one communications,
общаться с глазу на глаз,
at the company all-hands meeting.
на общих собраниях компании.
and committed to your project
и участие в проекте,
of months and then years,
but at others, too.
with these systems
like you're just there.
to give these things personal space.
ваше личное пространство.
if you were there in person.
there's breakdowns and it's not.
There must be a camera over there,"
Вон там должна быть камера»,
я сделаю погромче».
I'm going to turn up your volume,"
подошёл к вам и сказал:
walk up to you and say,
я сейчас сделаю ваше лицо погромче».
I'm going to turn up your face."
these new social norms
feeling like it's your body,
чувствовать, что это ваше тело,
"Oh, my robot is kind of short."
ваш робот низковат.
he was six-foot tall --
to cocktail parties and things like that,
which is close to my height.
really looking at me.
обращают на меня внимание.
at this sea of shoulders,
to be on the shorter end of the spectrum."
быть невысокого роста».
a lot of empathy for that experience,
as he was talking to me,
во время разговора,
and talk to me eye to eye,
и говорил глядя в глаза.
to look at this in the laboratory
изучить это в лаборатории
things like robot height would make.
факторы вроде роста роботов.
used a shorter robot,
с невысоким роботом,
used a taller robot
that the exact same person
and says the exact same things as someone,
и говорящий то же самое,
and perceived as being more credible
и вызывает большее доверие,
the way that Cliff Nass would put this
with these new technologies
с этими новыми технологиями,
that we have very old brains.
at the same speed that tech is
не так быстро, как техника,
are running around.
not machines, right?
into things like just height of a machine,
таким вещам, как рост робота,
to the person using the system.
использующему робота.
is really important
новую модель человечества,
how we extend ourselves, right?
in ways that are sort of surprising.
нестандартным образом.
because the robots don't have arms,
потому что у роботов нет рук,
who are playing pool
for team bonding,
at operating these systems
с этими системами,
like make up new games,
in the middle of the night,
operating these systems.
who logged into the robot
повернулся влево на 90 градусов.
90 degrees to the left.
around the office,
getting super embarrassed,
сопровождая всё громким смехом, —
his volume was way too high.
in the image is telling me,
was we don't want it to be so disruptive.
чтобы роботы кому-то мешали.
avoidance to the system.
уклонения от препятствий.
that could see the obstacles,
распознаёт препятствия,
try to say, run into a chair,
а проложит другой маршрут.
it would just plan a path around,
using that system, obviously,
большинства столкновений,
to get through our obstacle course,
this important human dimension --
есть важное свойство —
called locus of control,
a strong internal locus of control,
of their own destiny --
to an autonomous system --
роботу управлять собой,
fight the autonomy;
что они будут бороться с роботом.
I'm going to hit that chair."
я на него наткнусь».
from having that autonomous assistance,
помощь им только мешала.
autonomous, say, cars, right?
например автомобили.
to grapple with that loss of control?
depending on human dimensions.
as if we're just one monolithic thing.
как нечто однотипное.
качествами, культурой,
moment to moment,
человека с роботом
the human dimensions,
also comes a sense of responsibility.
существует чувство ответственности.
using one of these systems,
используя одну из этих систем,
would look like.
that's very familiar to people,
поскольку люди с этим знакомы.
like it's a video game.
воспринимать это как видеоигру.
over at Stanford play with the system
которые играли с роботами,
around our office in Menlo Park,
20 points for that one."
20 — если того».
chase them down the hallway.
and feel pain if you hit them."
им больно, и может пойти кровь.
they would be like,
he just looks like he needs to get hit."
похоже, он хочет, чтобы его пнули».
like "Ender's Game," right?
as people designing these interfaces
лежит ответственность за то,
to their actions
these increasingly autonomous things.
всё более автономными штуками.
possible robotic future,
будущим миром роботов,
that we can extend ourselves
расширить возможности человека
мы можем усовершенствоваться
that we extend ourselves
being able to express our humanity
выразить свою человечность
shorter, taller, faster, slower,
быстрее или медленнее,
for the robots themselves.
to this intersection in Manhattan,"
до перекрёстка на Манхэттене».
forward, that's it.
it doesn't know how to see the world,
upon the kindness of strangers.
зависит от доброты незнакомцев.
to the other side of Manhattan --
на другую сторону Манхэттена,
and point it in the right direction.
и задавали ему правильное направление.
this human-robot world
человекоподобных роботов,
and collaborate with one another,
и сотрудничать друг с другом,
and just do things on our own.
полностью самостоятельными.
like the artists and the designers,
художников, дизайнеров,
anthropologists --
that Stu Card says we should do,
that we actually want to live in.
мы действительно хотим жить.
robotic futures together,
learning a lot more about ourselves.
лучше узнать самих себя.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Leila Takayama - Social scientistLeila Takayama conducts research on human-robot interaction.
Why you should listen
Leila Takayama is an acting associate professor of Psychology at the University of California, Santa Cruz, where she founded and leads the Re-Embodied Cognition Lab. Her lab examines how people make sense of, interact with, and relate to new technologies. Prior to academia, she was a researcher at GoogleX and Willow Garage, where she developed a taste for working alongside engineers, designers, animators, and more. Her interdisciplinary research continues in her current work on what happens when people interact with robots and through robots.
Takayama is a World Economic Forum Global Futures Council Member and Young Global Leader. In 2015, she was presented the IEEE Robotics & Automation Society Early Career Award. In 2012, she was named a TR35 winner and one of the 100 most creative people in business by Fast Company. She completed her PhD in Communication at Stanford University in 2008, advised by Professor Clifford Nass. She also holds a PhD minor in Psychology from Stanford, a master's degree in Communication from Stanford, and bachelor's of arts degrees in Psychology and Cognitive Science from UC Berkeley (2003). During her graduate studies, she was a research assistant in the User Interface Research (UIR) group at Palo Alto Research Center (PARC).
Photo: Melissa DeWitt
Leila Takayama | Speaker | TED.com