TED2017
Anab Jain: Why we need to imagine different futures
安娜波·嘉恩: 为什么我们需要想象不一样的未来
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Readability: 5
1,739,273 views
安娜波·嘉恩将未来带到了现实生活中，创造了一个让人们可以触摸到，看到并感受到的未来世界。比如，我们想要一个智能机器巡逻街道的世界，或是想要一个让我们的遗传基因来决定医疗保健的世界？嘉恩的项目说明了为什么争取一个我们想要的世界是如此重要。让我们在这个发人深省的演说中，看一看我们的未来所拥有的可能。
Anab Jain - Futurist, designer
TED Fellow Anab Jain imagines and builds future worlds we can experience in the present moment. By creating new ways of seeing, being and acting, she inspires and challenges us to look critically at the decisions and choices we make today. Full bio
TED Fellow Anab Jain imagines and builds future worlds we can experience in the present moment. By creating new ways of seeing, being and acting, she inspires and challenges us to look critically at the decisions and choices we make today. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I visit the future for a living.
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我靠访问未来为生，
00:16
Not just one future,
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不只是一个未来，
而是许多可能存在的未来，
00:17
but many possible futures,
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00:20
bringing back evidences from those futures
for you to experience today.
for you to experience today.
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为了让今天的你来体验
这些来自未来的生活。
这些来自未来的生活。
00:25
Like an archaeologist of the future.
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就像未来的考古学家一样。
00:28
Over the years, my many journeys
have brought back things
have brought back things
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多年来，我从我的旅程中
带回了许多东西，
带回了许多东西，
比如一种经过人工合成的蜜蜂新品种；
00:31
like a new species
of synthetically engineered bees;
of synthetically engineered bees;
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00:37
a book named, "Pets as Protein;"
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一本名为《如同蛋白质的宠物》的书；
00:40
a machine that makes you rich
by trading your genetic data;
by trading your genetic data;
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一种通过交换基因数据
使你变得富有的机器；
使你变得富有的机器；
一盏由糖供能的灯；
00:43
a lamp powered by sugar;
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00:46
a computer for growing food.
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一台能生长粮食的电脑。
00:48
OK, so I don't actually travel
to different futures -- yet.
to different futures -- yet.
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好吧，我其实还没有去过不同的未来。
但我的丈夫乔恩与我
花了很多时间思考，
花了很多时间思考，
00:52
But my husband Jon and I spend
a lot of time thinking
a lot of time thinking
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并在我们的工作室里
创造来自不同未来的景象，
创造来自不同未来的景象，
00:55
and creating visions
of different futures in our studio.
of different futures in our studio.
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01:00
We are constantly looking out
for weak signals,
for weak signals,
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我们一直在寻找微弱的信号，
01:02
those murmurs of future potential.
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那些由未来可能性发出的杂音。
接着我们从这些潜在的线索
追踪到未来，然后发问：
追踪到未来，然后发问：
01:05
Then we trace those threads of potential
out into the future, asking:
out into the future, asking:
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01:09
What might it feel like
to live in this future?
to live in this future?
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在这样的未来生活会是种什么感觉？
01:13
What might we see, hear and even breathe?
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我们能看到什么，
听到什么，甚至呼吸着什么？
听到什么，甚至呼吸着什么？
01:17
Then we run experiments,
build prototypes, make objects,
build prototypes, make objects,
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然后我们进行实验，
建立原型，制造物体，
建立原型，制造物体，
01:21
bringing aspects of these futures to life,
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将这些未来的景象带入生活，
使他们变得具体而有形，
01:23
making them concrete and tangible
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01:26
so you can really feel the impact
of those future possibilities
of those future possibilities
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从而能让你在此时此地真切感受到
潜在未来所带来的影响。
01:30
here and now.
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01:32
But this work is not about predictions.
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但这项工作并不是为了预测，
01:35
It's about creating tools --
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而是为了创造一些工具——
一些能帮助我们
连接现在与未来的工具，
连接现在与未来的工具，
01:37
tools that can help connect
our present and our future selves
our present and our future selves
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让我们成为积极的参与者，
创造一个我们想要的未来——
创造一个我们想要的未来——
01:41
so we become active participants
in creating a future we want --
in creating a future we want --
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01:45
a future that works for all.
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一个适合所有人的未来。
01:48
So how do we go about doing this?
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那么我们该怎么做?
01:51
For a recent project called Drone Aviary,
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最近有一个名叫鸟笼无人机
（Drone Aviary）的项目，
（Drone Aviary）的项目，
01:54
we were interested in exploring
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我们非常有兴趣去探究
在我们的城市中
与无人机生活意味着什么？
与无人机生活意味着什么？
01:56
what it would mean to live
with drones in our cities.
with drones in our cities.
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无人机能看到我们不能看到的事情，
01:59
Drones that have the power
to see things we can't,
to see things we can't,
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去我们不能去的地方，
02:01
to go places we can't
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02:03
and to do so with increasing autonomy.
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并且随着自控能力的增强
而主动这么做。
而主动这么做。
02:06
But to understand the technology,
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但想要了解这种技术，
亲力亲为是至关重要的。
02:08
getting our hands dirty was crucial.
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02:10
So we built several different
drones in our studio.
drones in our studio.
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于是我们在工作室里
制作了不同的无人机。
制作了不同的无人机。
我们给了它们起了名字，
定义了功能，然后让它们起飞——
定义了功能，然后让它们起飞——
02:13
We gave them names, functions
and then flew them --
and then flew them --
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02:17
but not without difficulty.
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但这并不简单。
02:19
Things came loose,
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零件开始松动，
02:20
GPS signals glitched
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GPS信号发生故障，
接着一些无人机坠毁了。
02:22
and drones crashed.
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02:24
But it was through such experimentation
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但正是通过这样的实验，
我们才可以构建一个
非常具体，非常有经验性的
非常具体，非常有经验性的
02:26
that we could construct a very
concrete and very experiential slice
concrete and very experiential slice
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潜在未来的一个片段。
02:30
of one possible future.
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02:33
So now, let's go to that future.
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那么，让我们来看看这个未来，
02:36
Let's imagine we are living in a city
with drones like this one.
with drones like this one.
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让我们想象一下我们生活
在一个拥有这样的无人机的城市。
在一个拥有这样的无人机的城市。
02:40
We call it The Nightwatchman.
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我们把它叫做“守夜人”
（The Nightwatchman），
（The Nightwatchman），
02:42
It patrols the streets, often spotted
in the evenings and at night.
in the evenings and at night.
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它在街上巡逻，
经常在傍晚与午夜出没。
经常在傍晚与午夜出没。
02:47
Initially, many of us were annoyed
by its low, dull hum.
by its low, dull hum.
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最初，许多人都为它产生的
低沉、沉闷的嗡嗡声所困扰。
低沉、沉闷的嗡嗡声所困扰。
02:51
But then, like everything else,
we got used to it.
we got used to it.
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但随后，就像其他东西一样，
我们渐渐习惯了。
我们渐渐习惯了。
02:54
Now, what if you could see
the world through its eyes?
the world through its eyes?
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如果你能透过
它的眼睛看到这个世界呢？
它的眼睛看到这个世界呢？
02:58
See how it constantly logs
every resident of our neighborhood;
every resident of our neighborhood;
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看看它是如何不断地记录
我们周围的每一个居民区；
我们周围的每一个居民区；
记录着在无球区打橄榄球的孩子们，
03:02
logging the kids who play football
in the no-ballgame area
in the no-ballgame area
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并将他们标记为法定的“妨害”。
03:06
and marking them as statutory nuisances.
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03:08
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
然后看看它是如何
自主地下达威胁禁令，
自主地下达威胁禁令，
03:10
And then see how it disperses
this other group, who are teenagers,
this other group, who are teenagers,
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驱散这个青少年群体。
03:14
with the threat of an autonomously
issued injunction.
issued injunction.
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03:18
And then there's this giant
floating disc called Madison.
floating disc called Madison.
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还有一个叫做麦迪逊
（Madison）的巨大漂浮圆盘，
（Madison）的巨大漂浮圆盘，
03:22
Its glaring presence is so overpowering,
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它耀眼的存在是如此的强烈，
我忍不住盯着它看。
03:24
I can't help but stare at it.
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03:27
But if feels like each time I look at it,
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但是每次我看着它的时候，
03:29
it knows a little more about me --
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就感觉它更加了解我了——
03:31
like it keeps flashing all these
Brianair adverts at me,
Brianair adverts at me,
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就像它不停地对我闪烁着
这些飞行（Brianair）广告，
这些飞行（Brianair）广告，
就好像它知道我正在计划着假期。
03:35
as if it knows about
the holiday I'm planning.
the holiday I'm planning.
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03:38
I'm not sure if I find this
mildly entertaining
mildly entertaining
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我不确定这是否算是
适度地带有娱乐性的行为，
适度地带有娱乐性的行为，
或只是具有侵略性的行为。
03:42
or just entirely invasive.
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03:45
Back to the present.
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回到现在，
03:47
In creating this future, we learned a lot.
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在创造这个未来的时候,，
我们学到了很多，
我们学到了很多，
03:50
Not just about how these machines work,
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不只是这些机器如何运作，
而且与他们一起生活
是一种怎么样的感觉。
是一种怎么样的感觉。
03:52
but what it would feel like
to live alongside them.
to live alongside them.
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03:56
Whilst drones like Madison
and Nightwatchman,
and Nightwatchman,
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同时像是麦迪逊（Madison）
或者守夜人（ Nightwatchman），
或者守夜人（ Nightwatchman），
03:58
in these particular forms,
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还未以这种形式
04:00
are not real yet,
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存在的时候，
大多无人机的构成原理
在现今都十分真实。
在现今都十分真实。
04:01
most elements of a drone future
are in fact very real today.
are in fact very real today.
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04:06
For instance,
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比如，
04:07
facial recognition systems
are everywhere --
are everywhere --
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无处不在的面部识别系统——
在我们的手机，甚至调温器里，
04:09
in our phones, even in our thermostats
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还存在于城市里
随处可见的摄像头里——
随处可见的摄像头里——
04:12
and in cameras around our cities --
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04:14
keeping a record of everything we do,
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都记录下了我们所做的每一件事，
04:17
whether it's an advertisement
we glanced at or a protest we attended.
we glanced at or a protest we attended.
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无论是我们随处一瞥的广告
还是参加的抗议活动。
还是参加的抗议活动。
它们无处不在，
04:21
These things are here,
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而且我们时常不清楚
他们是如何工作的，
他们是如何工作的，
04:23
and we often don't understand
how they work,
how they work,
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以及它们所带来的后果。
04:26
and what their consequences could be.
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04:29
And we see this all around us.
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它们无处不在。
很难想象
04:30
This difficulty in even imagining
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我们今天行动的后果
将如何影响我们的未来。
将如何影响我们的未来。
04:32
how the consequences of our actions
today will affect our future.
today will affect our future.
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04:37
Last year, where I live, in the UK,
there was a referendum
there was a referendum
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去年，我住在英国的时候，
那里举行了一次全民公投，
那里举行了一次全民公投，
那里的人们可以投票
支持英国脱离欧盟，
支持英国脱离欧盟，
04:40
where the people could vote
for the UK to leave the EU
for the UK to leave the EU
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或者留在欧盟，
04:43
or stay in the EU,
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04:44
popularly known as "Brexit."
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俗称“英国脱欧”（Brexit）。
04:46
And soon after the results came out,
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结果出来后不久，
一个单词开始出现，
叫做“英悔退欧”（Bregret）——
叫做“英悔退欧”（Bregret）——
04:48
a word began to surface
called "Bregret" --
called "Bregret" --
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（笑声）
04:51
(Laughter)
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04:52
describing people who chose to vote
for Brexit as a protest,
for Brexit as a protest,
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形容那些用抗议来选择投票脱欧，
但却不考虑它的潜在后果的人。
04:56
but without thinking through
its potential consequences.
its potential consequences.
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05:01
And this disconnect is evident
in some of the simplest things.
in some of the simplest things.
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这种疏离在一些最简单的
事情上是显而易见的。
事情上是显而易见的。
05:05
Say you go out for a quick drink.
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比如你出去喝了一杯，
然后你决定再多喝几杯也无所谓，
05:07
Then you decide
you wouldn't mind a few more.
you wouldn't mind a few more.
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你明白早上醒来会觉得很糟糕，
05:10
You know you'll wake up
in the morning feeling awful,
in the morning feeling awful,
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05:13
but you justify it by saying,
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但你却为自己解释，
“未来的另一个我会处理好的。”
05:14
"The other me in the future
will deal with that."
will deal with that."
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05:17
But as we find out in the morning,
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但是正如我们早上所发现的，
那个未来的“你”还是你。
05:19
that future "you" is you.
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05:22
When I was growing up in India
in the late '70s and early '80s,
in the late '70s and early '80s,
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当我于70年代末,
80年代初在印度长大，
80年代初在印度长大，
那时觉得
05:25
there was a feeling
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未来需要并且实际上可以被计划。
05:26
that the future both needed to
and could actually be planned.
and could actually be planned.
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05:30
I remember my parents had to plan
for some of the simplest things.
for some of the simplest things.
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我还记得我的父母不得不
为一些最简单的事情做计划，
为一些最简单的事情做计划，
当他们想要在家里装电话时，
05:33
When they wanted a telephone in our house,
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他们需要订购，然后等待——
05:35
they needed to order it and then wait --
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05:38
wait for nearly five years before
it got installed in our house.
it got installed in our house.
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等了将近五年才把它装好。
（笑声）
05:41
(Laughter)
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05:42
And then if they wanted to call
my grandparents who lived in another city,
my grandparents who lived in another city,
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然后如果他们想给住在
另一个城市的祖父母打电话，
另一个城市的祖父母打电话，
他们需要预订一种叫“长途电话”的东西，
05:45
they needed to book
something called a "trunk call,"
something called a "trunk call,"
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然后再等上几个小时甚至几天。
05:48
and then wait again,
for hours or even days.
for hours or even days.
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05:51
And then abruptly, the phone
would ring at two in the morning,
would ring at two in the morning,
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接着突然，电话会在凌晨2点响起，
而我们所有人都会
从床上跳起来，围着电话转，
从床上跳起来，围着电话转，
05:54
and all of us would jump out of our beds
and gather round the phone,
and gather round the phone,
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在凌晨两点的时候对着话筒大叫，
05:57
shrieking into it,
discussing general well-being
discussing general well-being
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讨论一切如何安好。
05:59
at two in the morning.
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现今时常感觉事情发展得太快了——
06:01
Today it can feel like things
are happening too fast --
are happening too fast --
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以至于我们很难对自己的
06:05
so fast, that it can
become really difficult
become really difficult
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06:07
for us to form an understanding
of our place in history.
of our place in history.
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历史地位产生深刻的理解。
它产生了一种压倒性的
不确定性与焦虑感，
不确定性与焦虑感，
06:10
It creates an overwhelming sense
of uncertainty and anxiety,
of uncertainty and anxiety,
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06:13
and so, we let the future
just happen to us.
just happen to us.
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所以，我们选择坐等着未来的到来。
06:18
We don't connect with that future "us."
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我们不会把未来的“我们”联系在一起，
06:20
We treat our future selves as a stranger,
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我们把未来的自己当作陌生人对待，
而且把未来当作一片外国的土地。
06:22
and the future as a foreign land.
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06:25
It's not a foreign land;
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但它并不是外国的土地；
06:26
it's unfolding right in front of us,
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它就在我们的眼前发展着，
不断被我们今天的行动所塑造。
06:28
continually being shaped
by our actions today.
by our actions today.
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06:31
We are that future,
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我们即是未来，
06:33
and so I believe fighting
for a future we want
for a future we want
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所以我相信争取我们所期望的未来，
是一件比以往任何时候
都更加紧迫与必要的事情。
都更加紧迫与必要的事情。
06:36
is more urgent and necessary
than ever before.
than ever before.
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06:40
We have learned in our work
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我们在工作中学到了
06:41
that one of the most powerful means
of effecting change
of effecting change
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最有效的改变手段之一
就是当人们可以直接地，
真切地与有感情地去体验
真切地与有感情地去体验
06:45
is when people can directly, tangibly
and emotionally experience
and emotionally experience
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他们今日的行动
所带来的一些后果的时候。
所带来的一些后果的时候。
06:49
some of the future consequences
of their actions today.
of their actions today.
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06:53
Earlier this year, the government
of the United Arab Emirates invited us
of the United Arab Emirates invited us
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今年早些时候，阿联酋政府邀请我们
去帮助他们塑造国家的能源战略
06:57
to help them shape
their country's energy strategy
their country's energy strategy
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直到2050年。
06:59
all the way up to 2050.
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07:01
Based on the government's econometric
data, we created this large city model,
data, we created this large city model,
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根据政府的计量经济数据，
我们建立了这个大城市的模型，
我们建立了这个大城市的模型，
并设想了许多可能存在的未来，
07:05
and visualized many
possible futures on it.
possible futures on it.
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07:10
As I was excitably taking a group
of government officials
of government officials
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正当我兴奋地带着一群政府官员
与能源公司的成员，
07:13
and members of energy companies
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通过一个在我们的模型中
可持续的未来的时候，
可持续的未来的时候，
07:15
through one sustainable
future on our model,
future on our model,
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07:17
one of the participants told me,
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其中一个参与者告诉我，
07:20
"I cannot imagine that in the future
people will stop driving cars
people will stop driving cars
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"我无法想象未来人们会停止驾驶汽车，
07:23
and start using public transport."
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并开始使用公共交通工具。”
07:25
And then he said,
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然后他说，
“我不可能告诉我的儿子让他不要开车。”
07:27
"There's no way I can tell my own son
to stop driving his car."
to stop driving his car."
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07:31
But we were prepared for this reaction.
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但我们已经准备好了应对这种反应，
07:35
Working with scientists in a chemistry lab
in my home city in India,
in my home city in India,
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我曾在我的家乡印度的一个
化学实验室里与科学家们一起工作，
化学实验室里与科学家们一起工作，
07:38
we had created approximate samples
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我们已经创造了接近似的空气样本，
07:40
of what the air would be like in 2030
if our behavior stays the same.
if our behavior stays the same.
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如果我们的行为保持不变，
那么2030年的空气将会是什么样的，
那么2030年的空气将会是什么样的，
07:46
And so, I walked the group
over to this object
over to this object
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接着，我带着这个小组到这个
从这些空气样本中释放出水汽的装置前，
07:49
that emits vapor from those air samples.
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07:53
Just one whiff of the noxious
polluted air from 2030
polluted air from 2030
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只吸入了一点点
来自2030年的恶性污染的空气，
来自2030年的恶性污染的空气，
07:57
brought home the point
that no amount of data can.
that no amount of data can.
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就清楚地展现了无法用数据表达的重点。
08:01
This is not the future you would want
your children to inherit.
your children to inherit.
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这不是你希望你的孩子们继承的未来。
08:04
The next day, the government
made a big announcement.
made a big announcement.
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次日，政府宣布了一项重大声明，
他们将在可再生能源上投资数十亿美元，
08:07
They would be investing billions
of dollars in renewables.
of dollars in renewables.
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我们不知道是哪些未来的体验
在这个决定中会发挥了作用，
在这个决定中会发挥了作用，
08:10
We don't know what part our future
experiences played in this decision,
experiences played in this decision,
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08:14
but we know that they've changed
their energy policy
their energy policy
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但是我们知道他们为了缓和这种情况
已经改变了能源政策。
08:17
to mitigate such a scenario.
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虽然像未来的空气这样的指标
是非常有效和切实的，
是非常有效和切实的，
08:18
While something like air from the future
is very effective and tangible,
is very effective and tangible,
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08:22
the trajectory from our present
to a future consequence
to a future consequence
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但从现在到未来的发展轨迹
并非是一直是线性的，
08:25
is not always so linear.
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08:27
Even when a technology
is developed with utopian ideals,
is developed with utopian ideals,
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即使一种技术是朝着
乌托邦式的理想来发展，
乌托邦式的理想来发展，
但在它离开实验室的
那一刻并进入世界时，
那一刻并进入世界时，
08:30
the moment it leaves the laboratory
and enters the world,
and enters the world,
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便会受到创作者之外的力量所控制。
08:33
it is subject to forces outside
of the creators' control.
of the creators' control.
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08:37
For one particular project,
we investigated medical genomics:
we investigated medical genomics:
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对于一个特定的项目，
我们调查了医疗基因组学：
我们调查了医疗基因组学：
08:41
the technology of gathering
and using people's genetic data
and using people's genetic data
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是一种收集与使用
人类基因数据的技术
人类基因数据的技术
用来创造个人化医疗。
08:44
to create personalized medicine.
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08:47
We were asking:
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我们发问：
08:48
What are some of the unintended
consequences of linking our genetics
consequences of linking our genetics
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将我们的基因与医疗保健
联系起来会产生什么样的
联系起来会产生什么样的
意想不到的后果?
08:52
to health care?
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08:55
To explore this question further,
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再进一步探索这个问题，
我们创造了一个虚构的诉讼案件，
08:57
we created a fictional lawsuit,
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08:59
and brought it to life through 31 pieces
of carefully crafted evidence.
of carefully crafted evidence.
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并通过31件细心制作的证据实现了它。
09:04
So we built an illegal genetic clinic,
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所以我们建立了一个非法的基因诊所，
一个手工制作的二氧化碳培养箱，
09:07
a DIY carbon dioxide incubator,
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接着甚至在eBay上买了一只冻老鼠。
09:11
and even bought frozen mice on eBay.
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09:14
So now let's go to that future
where this lawsuit is unfolding,
where this lawsuit is unfolding,
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现在我们来看看
这个诉讼正在发生的未来，
这个诉讼正在发生的未来，
让我们来认识一下被告，阿诺德·曼。
09:17
and meet the defendant, Arnold Mann.
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09:20
Arnold is being prosecuted
by this global giant biotech company
by this global giant biotech company
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阿诺德正被这家叫做“动态遗传”的
大型跨国生物科技公司起诉。
09:23
called Dynamic Genetics,
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09:25
because they have evidence
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1490
因为他们有证据证明
阿诺德把公司的专利
基因材料非法植入了
基因材料非法植入了
09:27
that Arnold has illegally inserted
the company's patented genetic material
the company's patented genetic material
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他的身体。
09:31
into his body.
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1494
09:33
How on earth did Arnold manage to do that?
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阿诺德到底是怎么做到的？
09:36
Well, it all started
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其实，这一切都是
在阿诺德被要求在这个
唾液工具箱中提交唾液样本
唾液工具箱中提交唾液样本
09:38
when Arnold was asked to submit
a saliva sample in this spit kit
a saliva sample in this spit kit
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到NHI的时候开始的——
09:42
to the NHI --
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09:43
the UK's National Health
Insurance service.
Insurance service.
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2950
即国民健康保险。
09:47
When Arnold received
his health insurance bill,
his health insurance bill,
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当阿诺德收到他的健康保险账单时,
他感到震惊和害怕
09:50
he was shocked and scared
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1712
09:51
to see that his premiums
had gone through the roof,
had gone through the roof,
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2382
看到他的天价保险费,
09:54
beyond anything he or his family
could ever afford.
could ever afford.
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已经远远超出了他与
他的家庭能够支付得起的限度。
他的家庭能够支付得起的限度。
09:57
The state's algorithm had scanned
his genetic data
his genetic data
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国家的演算系统扫描了他的基因数据，
并发现了在他的DNA中
有潜伏慢性健康疾病的风险。
有潜伏慢性健康疾病的风险。
10:00
and found the risk of a chronic health
condition lurking in his DNA.
condition lurking in his DNA.
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10:05
And so Arnold had to start paying
toward the potential costs
toward the potential costs
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所以阿诺德不得不
从今开始向未来的疾病
从今开始向未来的疾病
支付潜在的预算——
10:08
of that future disease --
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向这种未来可能存在的疾病。
10:10
potential future disease from today.
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10:12
In that moment of fear and panic,
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在充满恐惧和恐慌的那一刻，
10:14
Arnold slipped through the city
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阿诺德从城里溜了出来
10:15
into the dark shadows
of this illegal clinic for treatment --
of this illegal clinic for treatment --
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融入了这个非法诊所的黑暗阴影里——
10:19
a treatment that would modify his DNA
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为了找到可以改变他DNA的治疗，
10:21
so that the state's algorithm
would no longer see him as a risk,
would no longer see him as a risk,
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3658
这样一来，国家的演算系统，
就不再认为他是一个风险，
就不再认为他是一个风险，
10:25
and his insurance premiums
would become affordable again.
would become affordable again.
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而且他也能负担得起他的保险费了。
但是阿诺德被抓住了。
10:28
But Arnold was caught.
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1685
10:30
And the legal proceedings in the case
Dynamic Genetics v. Mann began.
Dynamic Genetics v. Mann began.
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接着他与动态遗传公司的诉讼开始了。
10:34
In bringing such a future to life,
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当把这样的未来带入到生活中时，
对我们来说，人们可以
触摸到，看到与感觉到
触摸到，看到与感觉到
10:36
what was important to us
was that people could actually touch,
was that people could actually touch,
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10:39
see and feel its potential,
215
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这种可能性是很重要的。
10:41
because such an immediate and close
encounter provokes people
encounter provokes people
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因为这种密切相关的接触会驱使人们
去问正确的问题，
10:44
to ask the right questions,
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10:46
questions like:
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634816
1271
就像：
10:48
What are the implications
of living in a world
of living in a world
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生活在一个从基因来判断自我的
世界意味着什么?
10:50
where I'm judged on my genetics?
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1989
10:53
Or: Who might claim ownership
to my genetic data,
to my genetic data,
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3141
或是谁拥有我的基因数据的所有权，
并且他们会用它做什么？
10:56
and what might they do with it?
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1510
10:58
If this feels even slightly
out-there or farfetched,
out-there or farfetched,
223
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3109
如果这个感觉
有点遥远，或者是牵强，
有点遥远，或者是牵强，
11:02
today there's a little-known bill
being passed through the American congress
being passed through the American congress
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实际上就在今天，美国国会
通过了一项鲜为人知的法案，
通过了一项鲜为人知的法案，
通称HR 1313，
员工健康保留计划法案。
员工健康保留计划法案。
11:05
known as HR 1313, Preserving
Employee Wellness Programs Act.
Employee Wellness Programs Act.
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4049
11:10
This bill proposes to amend the Genetic
Information Nondiscrimination Act,
Information Nondiscrimination Act,
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4480
该法案提议修改基因信息非歧视法案，
11:14
popularly known as GINA,
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1706
俗称GINA，
11:16
and would allow employers to ask
about family medical history
about family medical history
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3308
它并且首次允许雇主询问
所有员工的家庭病史
11:20
and genetic data
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1184
11:21
to all employees for the first time.
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2569
与遗传数据。
11:24
Those who refuse
would face large penalties.
would face large penalties.
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2594
那些拒绝的人将面临巨大的惩罚，
11:29
In the work I've shown so far,
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在我所展示的作品中,
11:31
whether it was drones or genetic crimes,
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2163
不管是无人机还是基因犯罪，
11:33
these stories describe troubling futures
234
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2358
这些故事都描述了令人不安的未来，
而目的是帮助我们避免这些未来。
11:35
with the intention of helping us
avoid those futures.
avoid those futures.
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2752
11:39
But what about what we can't avoid?
236
687004
1977
但那些我们不能避免的呢？
11:41
Today, especially with climate change,
237
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2092
现今，尤其是气候变化问题，
看来我们要有麻烦了。
11:43
it looks like we are heading for trouble.
238
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2070
11:46
And so what we want to do now
is to prepare for that future
is to prepare for that future
239
694151
3199
所以我们现在要做的
就是为未来做准备，
就是为未来做准备，
11:49
by developing tools and attitudes
that can help us find hope --
that can help us find hope --
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697374
4257
通过开发工具与转变态度
来帮助我们找到希望——
来帮助我们找到希望——
11:54
hope that can inspire action.
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1772
可以激起行动的希望。
11:56
Currently, we are running
an experiment in our studio.
an experiment in our studio.
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2688
目前，我们的工作室开展了一项实验，
这是一项正在进行中的工作。
11:59
It's a work in progress.
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1477
12:01
Based on climate data projections,
244
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2224
基于气候数据预测，
我们正在探索那个
12:03
we are exploring a future
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711787
1556
西方世界已经从富足到匮乏的未来。
12:05
where the Western world has moved
from abundance to scarcity.
from abundance to scarcity.
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3433
12:08
We imagine living in a future city
with repeated flooding,
with repeated flooding,
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3411
我们想象着生活在一个
不断遭遇洪水的未来城市里，
不断遭遇洪水的未来城市里，
超市里经常缺少食物，
12:12
periods with almost
no food in supermarkets,
no food in supermarkets,
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2737
经济不稳定，
12:15
economic instabilities,
249
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1736
12:16
broken supply chains.
250
724780
1685
商品供应链已经崩溃。
12:19
What can we do to not just survive,
but prosper in such a world?
but prosper in such a world?
251
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4056
我们需要做的不仅仅是生存，
而是在这样的一个世界里繁荣。
而是在这样的一个世界里繁荣。
12:24
What food can we eat?
252
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1346
我们能吃什么食物?
12:26
To really step inside these questions,
253
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1819
要真正介入这些问题中，
12:28
we are building this room in a flat
in London from 2050.
in London from 2050.
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3814
我们在伦敦的一间公寓里
建造了这个从2050年的房间，
建造了这个从2050年的房间，
12:32
It's like a little time capsule
that we reclaimed from the future.
that we reclaimed from the future.
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3316
这就像一个我们从未来中
回收的小型时间胶囊。
回收的小型时间胶囊。
12:35
We stripped it down to the bare minimum.
256
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2146
我们把它的容量尽可能缩小，
12:38
Everything we lovingly put in our homes,
257
746164
1906
为了打造一个温馨的家
而布置的一切，
而布置的一切，
像平板电视，
12:40
like flat-panel TVs,
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1676
智能冰箱，
12:41
internet-connected fridges
259
749794
1796
12:43
and artisanal furnishings
260
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1429
和手工家具
都要搬走。
12:45
all had to go.
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1322
在它的空间里，
我们正在从废弃的、回收的
我们正在从废弃的、回收的
12:46
And in its place,
we're building food computers
we're building food computers
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2902
12:49
from abandoned, salvaged
and repurposed materials,
and repurposed materials,
263
757339
2854
和改造的材料中建造食物电脑，
12:52
turning today's waste
into tomorrow's dinner.
into tomorrow's dinner.
264
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2407
把今天的废品变成明天的晚餐。
12:56
For instance,
265
764707
1151
比如，
我们刚刚完成了我们的
第一个全自动的雾化机。
第一个全自动的雾化机。
12:57
we've just finished building our first
fully automated fogponics machine.
fully automated fogponics machine.
266
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3988
13:01
It uses the technique of fogponics --
so just fog as a nutrient,
so just fog as a nutrient,
267
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3416
它使用了雾化的技术——
只用雾作为一种养分,
只用雾作为一种养分,
13:05
not even water or soil --
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1579
甚至不用水或土壤——
13:06
to grow things quickly.
269
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1395
来培育粮食。
13:09
At the moment,
270
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1219
目前，
我们已经成功的种植了西红柿。
13:10
we have successfully grown tomatoes.
271
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1724
13:13
But we'll need more food than what
we can grow in this small room.
we can grow in this small room.
272
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3127
但是我们需要的食物比我们
在这个小房间里能生长的还要多，
在这个小房间里能生长的还要多，
13:16
So what else could we forage
from the city?
from the city?
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那么我们还能从城市中寻找什么呢?
13:19
Insects? Pigeons? Foxes?
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昆虫? 鸽子? 狐狸?
13:25
Earlier, we brought back
air from the future.
air from the future.
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早些时候，我们从未来带回了空气。
13:28
This time we are bringing
an entire room from the future,
an entire room from the future,
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这次我们将从未来
带来一个完整的房间，
带来一个完整的房间，
一个充满希望、工具和战术的房间，
13:31
a room full of hope, tools and tactics
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用来在恶性的环境中
创造出正确的行动。
创造出正确的行动。
13:33
to create positive action
in hostile conditions.
in hostile conditions.
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13:37
Spending time in this room,
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在这样的房间里呆上一会儿，
一个可以成为我们未来家园的房间，
13:38
a room that could be our own future home,
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能使气候变化和食物缺乏的后果
13:41
makes the consequences
of climate change and food insecurity
of climate change and food insecurity
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更加直接和切实。
13:44
much more immediate and tangible.
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13:49
What we're learning through such
experiments and our practice
experiments and our practice
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我们通过这些实验和实践，
13:52
and the people we engage with
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以及与我们接触的人们学到的是，
13:53
is that creating concrete experiences
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创造具体的体验
13:55
can bridge the disconnect
between today and tomorrow.
between today and tomorrow.
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可以跨越今天和明天的鸿沟。
13:59
By putting ourselves
into different possible futures,
into different possible futures,
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通过把自己放到未来不同的可能性中，
14:02
by becoming open and willing
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通过转变为坦率和乐意
14:04
to embrace the uncertainty and discomfort
that such an act can bring,
that such an act can bring,
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去接受这种行为
所带来的不确定性和不适，
所带来的不确定性和不适，
我们就有机会去想象新的可能性。
14:08
we have the opportunity
to imagine new possibilities.
to imagine new possibilities.
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14:12
We can find optimistic futures;
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我们可以找到乐观的未来；
我们可以找到前进的路；
14:14
we can find paths forward;
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我们可以把希望变成行动。
14:16
we can move beyond hope into action.
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14:18
It means we have the chance
to change direction,
to change direction,
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这意味着我们有改变未来的机会，
14:22
a chance to have our voices heard,
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一个让我们的声音被听到机会,
14:25
a chance to write ourselves
into a future we want.
into a future we want.
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一个把自己写进我们
想要的未来的机会。
想要的未来的机会。
14:31
Other worlds are possible.
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另外的世界是充满可能的。
14:34
Thank you.
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谢谢。
14:35
(Applause)
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(掌声)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Anab Jain - Futurist, designerTED Fellow Anab Jain imagines and builds future worlds we can experience in the present moment. By creating new ways of seeing, being and acting, she inspires and challenges us to look critically at the decisions and choices we make today.
Why you should listen
We live in extraordinary times, concurrently breathtaking and deeply precarious. Anab Jain co-founded the vanguard laboratory, design and film studio Superflux with Jon Ardern to parse uncertainties around our shared futures. She creates tangible, provocative experiences that transport people directly into possible future worlds. Through her work, Jain has discovered a powerful means of affecting change; by confronting and emotionally connecting people with future consequences in the present.
From climate change and growing inequality, to the emergence of artificial intelligence and the future of work, Jain and her team explore some of the biggest challenges of our times -- and investigate the potential and unintended consequences of these challenges.
Superflux is currently developing tools and strategies that can enable us to mitigate the shock of food insecurity and climate change. Recently, they produced a series of civilian drones -- creating a vision of a near-future city where these intelligent machines begin to display increasing autonomy within civic society.
Jain is also Professor of Design at the University of Applied Arts in Vienna, where she is currently curating the "How Will We Work" show for the Vienna Biennale, and she is a TED Fellow. Her work has won awards at UNESCO, Apple Inc., Geneva Human Rights Film Festival, Innovate UK, and exhibited at MoMA New York, V&A London, National Museum of China, Vitra Design Museum and Tate Modern.
Anab Jain | Speaker | TED.com