TED@Unilever
Meaghan Ramsey: Why thinking you're ugly is bad for you
梅根．蘭西: 為什麼認為自己醜對你是不好的
Filmed:
Readability: 4
4,950,095 views
每個月都有約一萬人搜尋：「我很醜嗎？」多芬自尊計畫的梅根．蘭西覺得，問這個問題的人有很多都是年輕女孩。在這極度令人不安的演講中，她解釋了對身體和外貌低自信會有如何驚人的影響：從成績低落到更容易訴諸毒品及酒精。梅根還分享了我們大家都能一起瓦解這種現實的關鍵。
Meaghan Ramsey - Self-esteem advocate
Meaghan Ramsey believes in business growth that stems from real social change. Full bio
Meaghan Ramsey believes in business growth that stems from real social change. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:11
This is my niece, Stella.
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這位是我姪女史黛拉。
00:15
She's just turned one and started to walk.
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她剛滿一歲，正開始學走路。
00:18
And she's walking in that really cool way that
one-year-olds do,
one-year-olds do,
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她走得很酷，就像一般一歲兒那樣
00:21
a kind of teetering, my-body's-moving-
too-fast-for-my-legs kind of way.
too-fast-for-my-legs kind of way.
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不太穩，身體總跟不上腳步。
00:26
It is absolutely gorgeous.
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真是超級可愛。
00:28
And one of her favorite
things to do at the moment
things to do at the moment
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她現在最喜歡做的其中一件事
00:31
is to stare at herself in the mirror.
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就是盯著鏡子裡的自己看。
00:33
She absolutely loves her reflection.
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她非常喜歡鏡中的自己。
00:36
She giggles and squeals, and gives
herself these big, wet kisses.
herself these big, wet kisses.
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她會開心地大笑大叫，
然後給自己又大又濕的吻。
真是太美了。
00:43
It is beautiful.
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00:45
Apparently, all of her friends do this and my mom
tells me that I used to do this,
tells me that I used to do this,
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顯然她的同齡朋友們也會這樣做，
我媽說，我小時候也是。
這讓我開始思考：
00:50
and it got me thinking:
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00:52
When did I stop doing this?
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我從什麼時候開始不這樣做了？
00:55
When is it suddenly not okay to love
the way that we look?
the way that we look?
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從什麼時候開始，
我們變得不愛自己的長相？
我們變得不愛自己的長相？
01:00
Because apparently we don't.
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因為我們的確不愛。
01:03
Ten thousand people every month google,
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每個月有一萬人會搜尋：
01:07
"Am I ugly?"
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「我很醜嗎？」
01:09
This is Faye. Faye is 13 and she
lives in Denver.
lives in Denver.
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這位是菲，她 13 歲，住在丹佛。
01:13
And like any teenager, she just wants to
be liked and to fit in.
be liked and to fit in.
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跟一般青少年一樣，
她只想要讓人喜歡、融入他人。
她只想要讓人喜歡、融入他人。
01:17
It's Sunday night.
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某個週日晚上，
01:19
She's getting ready for the week ahead at school.
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她準備好迎接學校下一週的課程。
01:22
And she's slightly dreading it, and
she's a bit confused because
she's a bit confused because
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她有點擔心，有點困惑，
01:24
despite her mom telling her all the time
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因為儘管她媽媽一直說
01:27
that she's beautiful,
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她很美，
01:29
every day at school, someone tells her
that she's ugly.
that she's ugly.
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但每天上學，還是有人說她很醜。
01:35
Because of the difference between what her mom
tells her and what her friends
tells her and what her friends
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因為她母親所說的
跟她同學、朋友說的不一樣，
01:38
at school, or her peers at school are telling her,
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01:41
she doesn't know who to believe.
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她不知道該相信誰。
01:43
So, she takes a video of herself.
She posts it to YouTube
She posts it to YouTube
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所以她自拍了一段影片放到 YouTube，
01:47
and she asks people to please leave
a comment:
a comment:
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然後請人留言：
01:50
"Am I pretty or am I ugly?"
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「我漂亮還是醜？」
01:52
Well, so far, Faye has received
over 13,000 comments.
over 13,000 comments.
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到目前為止，菲已經收到超過 1.3 萬筆留言。
01:57
Some of them are so nasty, they don't
bear thinking about.
bear thinking about.
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有些留言壞到不值得一提。
02:00
This is an average, healthy-looking
teenage girl receiving this feedback
teenage girl receiving this feedback
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這位普通、健康的青少女
在她一生中情感最脆弱的階段
收到這些回覆。
收到這些回覆。
02:06
at one of the most emotionally vulnerable
times in her life.
times in her life.
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02:11
Thousands of people are posting videos like this,
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成千上萬人都將這樣的影片放上網，
02:15
mostly teenage girls, reaching out in this way.
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大多是青少女以這樣的方式求答案。
02:18
But what's leading them to do this?
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但他們會這麼做的原因是什麼？
02:20
Well, today's teenagers are rarely alone.
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現在的青少年很少獨處，
02:24
They're under pressure to be online
and available at all times,
and available at all times,
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他們備受壓力，得經常上線、不能失聯，
02:29
talking, messaging, liking, commenting,
sharing, posting —
sharing, posting —
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要能隨時聊天、傳簡訊、
按讚、留言、分享、貼文，
按讚、留言、分享、貼文，
02:34
it never ends.
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沒完沒了。
02:36
Never before have we been so connected,
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我們從沒有這麼緊密相連過，
02:38
so continuously, so instantaneously, so young.
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這麼持續、即時、這麼青春洋溢。
02:43
And as one mom told me, it's like there's a party
in their bedroom every night.
in their bedroom every night.
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就像有位母親形容的，
好像他們房間每天都在開趴一樣。
好像他們房間每天都在開趴一樣。
02:48
There's simply no privacy.
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根本毫無隱私可言。
02:52
And the social pressures that go along
with that are relentless.
with that are relentless.
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這隨之而來的社會壓力
更是讓人喘不過氣。
更是讓人喘不過氣。
02:56
This always-on environment is training
our kids to value themselves
our kids to value themselves
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這種隨時要上線的環境
把我們的孩子訓練成
把我們的孩子訓練成
03:01
based on the number of likes they get
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要以按讚數量，
03:02
and the types of comments that they receive.
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和留言好壞來看待自己的重要性。
03:05
There's no separation between online and offline life.
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線上跟線下的生活根本沒有界限。
03:10
What's real or what isn't is really
hard to tell the difference between.
hard to tell the difference between.
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什麼是真、什麼是假也令人難以辨別。
03:16
And it's also really hard to tell the difference
between what's authentic
between what's authentic
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也很難判斷到底什麼是真實的，
03:19
and what's digitally manipulated.
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什麼是經過數位修改的。
03:22
What's a highlight in someone's life versus
what's normal in the context of everyday.
what's normal in the context of everyday.
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一個人生活的亮點對抗日常生活的平凡。
03:27
And where are they looking to for inspiration?
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他們要向誰尋求靈感呢？
03:30
Well, you can see the kinds of images
that are covering the newsfeeds
that are covering the newsfeeds
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你們可看到現在女生訂閱的內容
03:34
of girls today.
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都是些什麼樣的圖片。
03:36
Size zero models still dominate our catwalks.
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伸展台上全是 23 腰的模特兒。
03:39
Airbrushing is now routine.
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修圖變成例行公事。
03:42
And trends like #thinspiration, #thighgap,
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還有像 #骨感、#大腿縫、
03:44
#bikinibridge and #proana.
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#比基尼橋、#厭食至上。
03:46
For those who don't know, #proana means pro-anorexia.
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若有人不知道，#厭食至上 (proana)
就是支持厭食症的意思。
就是支持厭食症的意思。
03:50
These trends are teamed with the
stereotyping and flagrant objectification
stereotyping and flagrant objectification
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這些潮流與刻板印象
及公然物化現代女性緊密結合。
03:55
of women in today's popular culture.
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03:57
It is not hard to see what girls are
benchmarking themselves against.
benchmarking themselves against.
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不難發現女孩們
比較的基準是什麼。
比較的基準是什麼。
04:03
But boys are not immune to this either.
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男孩也沒有倖免。
04:06
Aspiring to the chiseled jaw lines and ripped six packs
of superhero-like sports stars
of superhero-like sports stars
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追求輪廓鮮明的下巴線條，
以及像超級英雄的運動巨星
那種明顯的六塊肌，
那種明顯的六塊肌，
04:11
and playboy music artists.
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還有花花公子歌手藝人等等。
04:13
But, what's the problem with all of this?
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但這些現象的問題是什麼？
04:16
Well, surely we want our kids to grow up as healthy,
well balanced individuals.
well balanced individuals.
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當然，我們希望孩子健康長大，
成為發展均衡的人。
04:23
But in an image-obsessed culture, we are
training our kids
training our kids
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但充斥著這些照片的文化
讓我們的孩子
讓我們的孩子
04:26
to spend more time and mental effort on
their appearance
their appearance
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花越來越多時間及精力
在他們的外表上，
在他們的外表上，
04:31
at the expense of all of the other aspects
of their identities.
of their identities.
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威脅到的是他們身分的所有其他層面。
04:36
So, things like their relationships, the development
of their physical abilities,
of their physical abilities,
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所以，像人際關係、體能發展，
04:40
and their studies and so on begin to suffer.
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以及學習等等因此遭殃。
04:44
Six out of 10 girls are now choosing not to do
something because they don't
something because they don't
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五分之三的女生現在
選擇不做某些事
選擇不做某些事
是因為他們覺得自己不夠好看。
04:49
think they look good enough.
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04:51
These are not trivial activities.
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這些不是小事而已，
04:54
These are fundamental activities to their
development as humans
development as humans
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是他們長大成人所需的基本活動，
04:57
and as contributors to society and to
the workforce.
the workforce.
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以後才能對社會和職場有貢獻。
05:03
Thirty-one percent, nearly one in
three teenagers, are withdrawing
three teenagers, are withdrawing
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31%，也就是將近三分之一的青少年
不參與課堂辯論。
05:09
from classroom debate. They're failing
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他們不參與的原因是
05:10
to engage in classroom debate because
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05:12
they don't want to draw attention to the
way that they look.
way that they look.
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不想要讓其他人注意到自己的長相。
05:16
One in five are not showing up to class at all
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五分之一的學生甚至有時會蹺課，
05:19
on days when they don't feel good about it.
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只因為覺得自己當天不夠好看。
05:21
And when it comes to exams,
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考試這一方面，
05:22
if you don't think you look good enough,
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如果你不滿意自己的長相，
05:25
specifically if you don't think you are thin enough,
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特別是如果你覺得自己不夠瘦，
05:28
you will score a lower grade point average
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你的考試平均分數
05:31
than your peers who are not concerned with this.
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會比其他不介意外表的人來得低。
05:34
And this is consistent across Finland, the U.S.
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這數據在芬蘭、美國、
05:37
and China, and is true regardless of how much
you actually weigh.
you actually weigh.
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中國都是一致的，
不管實際體重到底多少都是一樣。
我要說清楚，我們講的
05:43
So to be super clear, we're talking about the
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05:46
way you think you look, not how
you actually look.
you actually look.
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是你自認為自己的長相如何，
而不是實際長相。
而不是實際長相。
05:51
Low body confidence is undermining
academic achievement.
academic achievement.
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對身材的低自信威脅到學業成就，
05:56
But it's also damaging health.
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但也威脅到健康。
05:58
Teenagers with low body confidence
do less physical activity,
do less physical activity,
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低自信的青少年做較少體育活動、
06:02
eat less fruits and vegetables,
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吃較少蔬菜水果、
06:04
partake in more unhealthy weight control
practices
practices
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參與較多不健康的體重控制活動
06:07
that can lead to eating disorders.
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而導致飲食失調。
06:10
They have lower self-esteem.
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他們自尊心較低。
06:12
They're more easily influenced by people around them
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他們較容易受到身邊的人影響，
06:14
and they're at greater risk of depression.
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憂鬱的機會比較大。
06:17
And we think it's for all of these reasons
that they take more risks
that they take more risks
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我們認為正是這些原因，
讓他們更容易訴諸
喝酒、吸毒等活動、
喝酒、吸毒等活動、
06:21
with things like alcohol and drug use;
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06:25
crash dieting; cosmetic surgery;
unprotected, earlier sex;
unprotected, earlier sex;
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速效減肥、整形手術、
危險性行為、較早發生性行為，
危險性行為、較早發生性行為，
06:30
and self-harm.
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以及自殘。
06:32
The pursuit of the perfect body is putting
pressure on our healthcare systems
pressure on our healthcare systems
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對於完美身材的追求
已經對我們的醫療系統造成壓力，
已經對我們的醫療系統造成壓力，
06:36
and costing our governments billions of
dollars every year.
dollars every year.
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且耗費政府每年上百億資金。
06:41
And we don't grow out of it.
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而且我們還無法擺脫這種情況。
06:43
Women who think they're overweight — again,
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那些認為自己過胖的女人，
06:46
regardless of whether they are or are not —
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再說一次，不管他們是不是真的過胖，
06:49
have higher rates of absenteeism.
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有較高的曠職率。
06:52
Seventeen percent of women would
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17% 的女人
06:54
not show up to a job interview on
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會在對外表不太有自信時逃避面試。
06:57
a day when they weren't feeling confident
about the way that they look.
about the way that they look.
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07:02
Have a think about what this is doing
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想想看這對我們的經濟影響有多大。
07:04
to our economy.
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07:06
If we could overcome this, what that
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如果我們可以克服這問題，
07:08
opportunity looks like.
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會創造出什麼樣的機會。
07:10
Unlocking this potential is in the interest
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釋放這種潛力
07:13
of every single one of us.
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是為我們每一個人的利益著想。
07:16
But how do we do that?
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但我們要怎麼做？
07:18
Well, talking, on its own, only gets you so far.
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光說不練並不會造成太大的影響。
07:22
It's not enough by itself.
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這是不夠的。
07:23
If you actually want to make a difference,
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如果你真的想要有所改變，
07:25
you have to do something.
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那就得付諸行動。
07:27
And we've learned there are three key ways:
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我們學到有三個重要方式：
07:30
The first is we have to educate for body confidence.
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第一，要教育女性對身體的自信。
07:33
We have to help our teenagers develop
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我們必須幫助青少女
07:35
strategies to overcome image-related pressures
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發展策略來克服與形象有關的壓力，
07:38
and build their self-esteem.
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並建立他們的自尊心。
07:40
Now, the good news is that there are
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好消息是，
07:42
many programs out there available
to do this.
to do this.
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有很多現有的計劃在做這件事。
07:46
The bad news is that most of them don't work.
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壞消息是，大多計劃都沒有用。
07:49
I was shocked to learn that many well-meaning
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讓我很震驚的是
很多善意的計劃反而常弄巧成拙，
07:54
programs are inadvertently actually
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07:57
making the situation worse.
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讓情況更糟糕。
08:01
So we need to make damn sure that
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所以我們一定要確保
08:02
the programs that our kids are receiving
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孩子們接受的計劃
08:05
are not only having a positive impact,
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不只有正面影響，
08:07
but having a lasting impact as well.
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還要有長遠的影響。
08:10
And the research shows
that the best programs
that the best programs
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研究顯示，最棒的計劃
08:13
address six key areas:
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會涵蓋六大領域：
08:15
The first is the influence of family,
friends and relationships.
friends and relationships.
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第一：家庭、朋友、人際關係的影響。
08:19
The second is media and celebrity culture,
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第二：媒體與名人文化，
08:23
then how to handle teasing and bullying,
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再來就是如何應付嘲笑與霸凌，
08:25
the way we compete and compare with
one another
one another
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我們以外貌相互競爭、比較的方式，
08:27
based on looks,
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08:28
talking about appearance — some people
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談論外表的方式，
08:30
call this "body talk" or "fat talk" —
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有些人稱之為「身材之談」
或「胖子之談」。
或「胖子之談」。
08:33
and finally, the foundations of respecting
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最後，尊重與照顧自己
這樣基本的事。
這樣基本的事。
08:35
and looking after yourself.
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08:37
These six things are crucial starting points
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這六大事項是很關鍵的起始點，
08:39
for anyone serious about delivering
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讓每一位認真處理這件事的人
08:42
body-confidence education that works.
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都能建立有效的身體自信教育系統。
08:45
An education is critical,
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教育是關鍵，
08:48
but tackling this problem is going
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但解決問題
還需要我們每一位
08:49
to require each and everyone of us
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08:52
to step up and be better role models
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都站出來當更棒的模範
08:55
for the women and girls in our own lives.
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給我們生命中的女性、女孩看。
08:58
Challenging the status quo of how
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挑戰現在對於女性的觀感
09:00
women are seen and talked about in
our own circles.
our own circles.
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以及我們對於自身的評論。
09:03
It is not okay that we judge the contribution
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這是不對的，我們不能評斷
09:07
of our politicians by their haircuts
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政治人物的貢獻，根據他們的髮型
09:10
or the size of their breasts,
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或是胸部的大小，
09:12
or to infer that the determination or the success
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也不能推斷
奧運選手的決心或成功
取決於她長得正不正。
取決於她長得正不正。
09:15
of an Olympian is down
to her not being a looker.
to her not being a looker.
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09:18
We need to start judging people by what they do,
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我們要開始以真正的貢獻來評斷別人，
09:21
not what they look like.
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而非依據他們的長相。
09:24
We can all start by taking responsibility
for the types of pictures
for the types of pictures
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我們可以開始對那類型的照片
09:28
and comments that we post
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和自己社交網站上的留言負起責任。
09:30
on our own social networks.
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09:32
We can compliment people based on
their effort
their effort
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我們可以稱讚別人的努力
09:36
and their actions
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以及行動，
09:38
and not on their appearance.
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而非批評外表。
09:40
And let me ask you,
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讓我問各位，
09:42
when was the last time that you
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你最近一次親吻鏡子是什麼時候？
09:43
kissed a mirror?
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09:45
Ultimately, we need to work together
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最終我們都需要共同合作，
09:47
as communities, as governments
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不管是社群、政府
09:50
and as businesses to really change
this culture of ours
this culture of ours
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或是企業，都要改變我們的文化，
09:54
so that our kids grow up valuing their
whole selves,
whole selves,
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才能讓孩子們重視自己所有的價值、
09:59
valuing individuality, diversity, inclusion.
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珍視獨特性、多樣化以及包容力。
10:03
We need to put the people that are
making a real difference
making a real difference
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我們需要把真正可以推動改變的人
10:06
on our pedestals, making a difference
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放到重要位置，
並在真實世界中做出改變。
10:10
in the real world.
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10:12
Giving them the airtime, because only then
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讓他們有發言的時間，
因為只有那時候，我們才能創造不同的世界，
10:14
will we create a different world.
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10:16
A world where our kids are free to become
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這世界讓孩子們
可以自由做最棒的自己，
10:20
the best versions of themselves,
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10:23
where the way they think they look
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他們對自己樣貌的看法
10:25
never holds them back from being
who they are
who they are
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不會阻礙他們成為真正的自己，
10:27
or achieving what they want in life.
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或是追求自己所想要的人生。
10:30
Think about what this might mean
for someone in your life.
for someone in your life.
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想想這對你生命中的某個人
會有什麼影響。
會有什麼影響。
10:35
Who have you got in mind?
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你心中有人選嗎？
10:36
Is it your wife?
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是你的妻子？
10:37
Your sister?
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你的姊妹？
10:39
Your daughter?
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你的女兒？
10:40
Your niece?
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你的姪女？
10:42
Your friend? It could just be the woman
a couple of seats away
a couple of seats away
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還是你的朋友？
也可能是坐在你附近的女士。
也可能是坐在你附近的女士。
10:45
from you today.
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10:46
What would it mean for her
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這會帶給她什麼樣的意義，
10:49
if she were freed from that voice
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如果她能從內心批評，
10:53
of her inner critic, nagging her to have
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從一直告訴自己
10:56
longer legs, thinner thighs, smaller stomach,
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要有雙長腿、瘦大腿、小胃、小腳，
10:58
shorter feet?
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這樣的想法中解脫？
11:00
What could it mean for her if we overcame this
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如果我們能克服這個困難，
11:03
and unlocked her potential in that way?
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並釋放她的潛力，會替她帶來什麼意義？
11:08
Right now, our culture's obsession
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現在，我們的文化對於形象的著魔
11:11
with image is holding us all back.
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讓我們無法前進。
11:15
But let's show our kids the truth.
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但我們給孩子看看真相吧。
11:17
Let's show them that the way you look
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讓他們知道，
長相只不過是身分的一部分，
11:19
is just one part of your identity
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11:23
and that the truth is we love them
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事實是，我們很愛他們，
11:26
for who they are
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愛他們真實的自己、
11:27
and what they do
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愛他們所做的一切，
11:29
and how they make us feel.
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以及他們帶給我們的感受。
11:32
Let's build self-esteem into our school curriculums.
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我們一起把建立自尊放進學校課程中。
11:36
Let's each and every one of us change the way
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我們一起改變說話的方式、
11:39
we talk and compare ourselves to other people.
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與他人比較的方式。
11:42
And let's work together as communities,
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讓我們團結合作、一起努力，
11:45
from grassroots to governments,
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從平民到政府共同攜手
11:48
so that the happy little one-year-olds
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讓今日快樂的一歲小童，
11:50
of today become the confident
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成為明日充滿自信，可以做出改變的人。
11:53
changemakers of tomorrow.
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11:55
Let's do this.
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一起來吧。
11:57
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Meaghan Ramsey - Self-esteem advocateMeaghan Ramsey believes in business growth that stems from real social change.
Why you should listen
Meaghan Ramsey helps businesses and brands shape their operations and organizations in a way that delivers both positive social change and business growth. She is a partner in the Business in Society Practice at the Brunswick Group.
With her origins in nutritional science, Ramsey has worked across FMCG, health as well as food and beverage sectors, and she has consulted to pharmaceutical, media, agricultural, tech start-ups, charities and non-government organizations.
Prior to joining Brunswick, Ramsey was the Global Director of the Dove Self-Esteem Project at Unilever in London. In her role, she developed global education programs and mass-media campaigns that encouraged the participation of millions of young girls and women around the world to improve individual confidence. Her TED Talk and speech at the UN's 59th Commission on the Status of Women helped highlight the importance of this particular work and the urgent need to address it. Ramsey speaks regularly on the role business can, and must, play in creating a sustainable, positive future.
Meaghan Ramsey | Speaker | TED.com