Ian Firth: Bridges should be beautiful
Ian Firth: Los puentes deben ser hermosos
Ian Firth designs bridges all around the world; some are very long and cross over wide rivers or sea channels, and some are really short and in the middle of towns and cities, but "all of them are unique and special in their own way." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
what it would be like not to have any?
si no los tuviésemos?
a civilization without bridges
una civilización sin puentes
of human society,
de la sociedad humana,
across a river or an obstacle.
para cruzar un río o un obstáculo.
living in poor, rural communities
en comunidades rurales pobres
and I take for granted:
damos por sentado:
access to markets ...
acceso a los mercados.
like Bridges to Prosperity
como Puentes a la Prosperidad
this is in Rwanda.
esto es Ruanda.
immediately around the bridge,
viven cerca del puente,
for an awfully long time.
desde hace mucho tiempo.
because it's a very durable material.
porque es un material muy duradero.
estudiar el desarrollo tecnológico
the development of technology
with the materials
disponibles en cada época.
is a wonderful example --
es un ejemplo magnífico
en el sur de Francia--
built using massive stones put together,
construida con piedras gigantescas,
these suspension bridges,
para construir estos puentes.
to build these bridges.
they rebuild this every year?
todos los años?
is not a durable material.
un material duradero.
since Inca times.
el tiempo de los Incas.
symbols of their location.
a ser un símbolo del sitio.
and Sydney are well familiar.
son muy conocidos.
with the name of the place,
era sinónimo con la ciudad
that in the war in 1993
fue destruido en la guerra de 1993,
hasta que el puente fue reconstruido.
until the bridge was reconstructed.
features in our landscape --
en nuestros paisajes
sometimes there's small ones --
to make our bridges beautiful.
construir puentes hermosos.
in the South of France.
Viaducto de Millau en el sur de Francia.
and British architect Lord Foster
y el arquitecto inglés Lord Foster
synergy of architecture and engineering.
entre arquitectura e ingeniería.
in the mountains in Switzerland --
Robert Maillart en las montañas suizas...
and rather delicate bridge
puente de Laurent Ney
en el Reino Unido.
and beautiful designs
in three convenient categories,
convenientemente en tres categorías
of the structural system
del sistema estructural
as their principal support.
is the way a beam will behave --
como se comporta la viga...
way of operating for an arch.
en el que se basa un arco.
you need to go lightweight,
que deben ser livianos,
for variety is enormous.
para variar son enormes.
for innovation and ingenuity
around these types.
alrededor de estos tipos de puente.
happens relatively slowly in my world,
en mi campo son relativamente lentos
that happen in mobile phone technology
en la tecnología del teléfono móvil,
technologies and so on.
las tecnologías digitales, etc.
extremadamente lenta.
can be summarized in one word:
resumir en una palabra:
gestionamos el riesgo.
de la seguridad estructural.
that loads will be excessive on one side
de que la carga sea excesiva, por un lado,
too low on the other side.
la resistencia sea insuficiente.
are full of uncertainty usually,
suelen estar llenas de incertidumbre
y tenemos que asegurarnos
adecuado entre las dos, por supuesto.
for safety between the two, of course.
que la seguridad absoluta
and get their sums right
sus cálculos correctamente
ocurren hechos como estos.
when things like this happen.
for these tragedies,
las causas de estas tragedias,
ocurre de forma tan lenta.
happens quite slowly.
on their projects, obviously.
les ocurra a sus proyectos, obvio,
if I wasn't wanting to innovate,
si no quisiera innovar,
of knowledge and strength
una posición sólida,
since the beginning of time --
de sus errores desde los comienzos...
this film before --
Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapse
en el estado de Washington,
as "Galloping Gertie"
la "Galopante Gertrudis",
for quite a long time,
durante un buen tiempo;
called Leon Moisseiff,
just that little bit too far
de los límites y pagó el precio.
suspension bridge development
de los puentes colgantes.
about doing another suspension bridge.
en construir otro puente colgante.
lo hicieron con exageración, obviamente;
to what had happened.
en respuesta a lo que había ocurrido.
en la mitad de la década de los 60,
a technological step change.
cambio tecnológico.
en el Reino Unido.
streamlined cross section
aerodinámicamente optimizada.
lo que le da rigidez a la torsión,
very torsionally stiff --
at Tacoma would not happen here.
en Tacoma no ocurriría aquí.
important for long spans,
cuando se trata de grandes tramos,
to want us to build longer spans.
con tramos cada vez más grandes.
which is a bit longer,
uno más largo en Turquía
del estrecho de Messina en Italia,
the Messina Bridge in Italy,
with construction one day,
algún día, quién sabe cuándo.
to Messina in a moment.
which uses that tension principle
largos que usa el principio de la tensión
a whole load of these right now.
muchísimos en este momento.
in Vladivostok, Russia --
en Vladivostok, Rusia,
about long-span and lightweight.
del tramo largo y la ligereza.
as an example.
the capacity of the main cables --
la capacidad de los cables principales
of that capacity
is there to support:
steel wire available to us,
de alta resistencia que existe
around about five or six kilometers
de cinco a seis kilómetros,
carbon fiber in those cables,
de carbono para esos cables,
necessarily the way to go everywhere.
no son necesariamente lo que queremos.
of other challenges associated with them,
con varios tramos
ancho o un cruce marítimo.
a wide estuary or a sea crossing.
were somewhere like Gibraltar,
fuera en un sitio como Gibraltar,
multiple superlong spans
varios tramos muy largos
something spectacular, wouldn't it?
espectacular, ¿no creen?
that one finished in my lifetime,
para llegar a ver uno de estos,
for some of you guys.
de Uds. vale la pena esperar.
which I think is really exciting.
que creo es muy emocionante.
across very deep water in Norway,
de varios tramos que atraviesa
are prohibitively expensive.
las bases son extremadamente costosas.
de varios tramos que flota.
multispan suspension bridge.
but nothing like this.
antes, pero nada como este.
and held down --
against those buoyancy forces,
contra las fuerzas de flotación,
have to be tied together,
estar atadas entre sí,
would just wobble around
about the places around the world
otras partes del mundo
to the possibility of a bridge
la posibilidad de un puente,
by the Norwegian Roads Administration,
la Administración de Vías de Noruega,
enable development --
nos ayudará a desarrollarnos...
una mala reputación
like Rudy Ricciotti here,
como Rudy Ricciotti aquí,
performance fiber-reinforced concrete.
rendimiento reforzado con fibra.
and it's really durable,
de escultura espectacular.
sculptural quality.
de hormigón son aburridos?
of other new technologies and things
tecnológicos que están ocurriendo:
inteligencia artificial y todo eso,
and AI and all of that,
que mencioné antes.
which I alluded to earlier on.
y tienen que ser duraderos.
they need to be elegant;
que deben ser elegantes,
for an awfully long time.
whether it overran a few months.
does exactly the opposite.
hacen todo lo contrario.
mediocre, ugly environments --
entornos mediocres y feos
numb to that stuff --
inmunes a eso con el tiempo--
a large-scale vandalism,
through a design competition.
mediante un concurso.
to those people who procure our bridges
con los que contratan la construcción
which is often the key.
la clave está en la contratación.
de obtener buenos diseños,
is one way to get good design,
of procurement going on
against good design.
detrimento al buen diseño.
a bit slowly sometimes in my world.
en mi campo son un poco lentos,
about what we can do with it.
lo que podemos hacer con ellos.
en el África rural,
de los tramos largos,
of long-span technology
a la vereda de enfrente,
elegant and beautiful stuff
puentes elegantes y hermosos
y fortalezcan comunidades.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ian Firth - Engineer, bridge designerIan Firth designs bridges all around the world; some are very long and cross over wide rivers or sea channels, and some are really short and in the middle of towns and cities, but "all of them are unique and special in their own way."
Why you should listen
As Ian Firth writes: "I have been fortunate enough to work on some of the world's most amazing bridges, and I lead fantastic teams of engineers involved in the design, construction and management of bridges all over the world. Since 1990, when I became a Partner in Flint & Neill, the UK engineering consultants who I joined as a young graduate in 1979, I have helped to grow the firm into one of the world's leading bridge design consultancies. Flint & Neill joined the Danish COWI Group in 2008 and rebranded as COWI (UK) in January 2017.
"I love the fact that my work has included some of the very biggest bridges as well as some much smaller and more intimate ones. The big ones include the huge 3.3 km-long single-span suspension bridge over the Messina Strait in Italy and the 1 km span Stonecutters Bridge in Hong Kong. The smaller ones include Copenhagen's new Inner Harbour Bridge, the Third Way Bridge in Taunton and the Swansea Sail Bridge in Wales. In fact, one of my favorites is the smallest: the little Bridge of Aspiration in London's Covent Garden, which is only 9 meters long! Working alongside bridge architects, I always try to weave elegance and beauty into my designs alongside the essential safety, economy and other factors, so that my bridges are popular as well as efficient and durable. Altogether, I reckon I have designed well over 100 bridges, but sadly not all of them have been built!"
Ian Firth | Speaker | TED.com