Philippa Neave: The unexpected challenges of a country's first election
فیلیپا نیو: چالشهای غیر منتظره در اولین انتخابات یک کشور
Philippa Neave is senior advisor on the UN's Lexicon of Electoral Terminology. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
there's no word for it,
نامی هم ندارد،
we know what we're talking about.
میدانیم در باره چه چیزی صحبت میکنیم.
We have the vocabulary.
ما فرهنگ لغات را داریم.
where democracy doesn't exist,
دموکراسی وجود ندارد چطور،
no words to describe the concepts
این موضوعات وجود ندارند
of electoral assistance,
who goes around the world
این طرف و اونطرف دنیا میری
on countries that can't handle it."
که توانش رو ندارند تحمیل میکنی.»
does not impose anything on anybody.
کسی تحمیل نمیکنه.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
در ۱۹۴۸ تصویب شد،
to choose who governs them.
تا حاکمیت خود را انتخاب کند.
designing information campaigns
طراحی برنامههای اطلاع رسانی
to participate or to vote
campaign to reach out to women
برای دسترسی به زنان راه میاندازم
because very often in this work,
چون اغلب اوقات در این کار،
that I've been doing it
که در این کارم
high levels of illiteracy,
it was in 2005,
این که سال ۲۰۰۵ بود،
on the same day.
در یک روز برنامه ریزی میکردیم.
are so incredibly difficult,
کار خیلی سختی بود،
explaining two elections instead of one
دو انتخابات بجای یکی
so many people wanted to take part,
چون شرکت کننده خیلی زیاد بود،
برای ۵۲ صندلی نمایندگی داشتیم
which is the parliamentary elections.
که انتخابات مجلس است.
we had even more candidates.
تعداد کاندیداها بیشتر بود.
a lot of symbols and things like that.
علامت و چیزهای شبیه اون استفاده کردیم.
in Southern Sudan.
who had never, of course, voted,
رای نداده بودند مسلما خیلی زیاد بودند.
high levels of illiteracy,
the size of Texas, more or less.
به اندازه تگزاس، کم و بیش.
where we landed the planes
رو هم شامل میشد
about what a box looked like.
was obviously the way to go,
by that enormous movement
جنبش بزرگ ایجاد شده بود
there was Egypt, there was Yemen.
مصر بود، و یمن هم همینطور.
historical moment.
with the election commission,
about various aspects of the election,
صحبت میکردیم،
that I hadn't actually heard before,
که قبلا نشنیده بودم استفاده میکردند،
I'd worked with Jordanians, Egyptians,
با اردنیها و مصریها کار کرده بودم،
از این کلمات استفاده میکردند،
was this word "observer."
کلمه «ناظر» بود.
was talking about "mulahiz" in Arabic.
«ملاحظه» به عربی استفاده میکرد.
in a passive sort of sense,
بدون دخالت است،
he was wearing a light blue shirt."
روشن پوشیده بود.»
the shirt was light blue or not?
پیراهن آبی روشن پوشیده بود یا نه؟
by all kinds of treaties,
معاهده برای اون ایجاد شده،
that control function in it.
of the fact that in Egypt,
which means "to follow."
«ادامه دهنده» استفاده میکردند.
followers of an election.
that's already accepted and in use,
مورد قبوله و استفاده میشه،
which means "a controller."
که یعنی « بازبینی کننده».
for one concept. This is not good.
یک موضوع، این خوب نیست.
we thought perhaps it's our role
شاید نقش ما
that the words are understood
تا معنی این کلمات فهمیده بشوند
of Electoral Terminology,"
انتخابات» ساختیم.
in eight different countries.
of everything you need to know
a democratic election.
را سازماندهی کنید.
about what would be the appropriate word
and that's part of the problem.
این خود مشکلی است.
that speak Arabic,
that is used across the whole region
to the next in day to day language and use
در زبان محاوره
و غیره.
added layer of complication.
از پیچیدگی را اضافه می کند.
fully ripe, if you like,
new expressions.
عبارتهای جدید.
eight correspondents in the region.
to harmonize or force harmonization.
یا مجری هماهنگی نیستیم،
understanding among people.
درک متقابل میان مردم بود.
the different expressions in use
بیانهای متفاوتی است
it took three years to produce this
آماده سازیش سه سال طول کشید
and took it actually into the field,
و آن را واقعا به محل بردیم،
in all these different countries,
کشورها نشستیم،
و پیش نویس را نهایی کردیم،
in November 2014 in Cairo.
آن را منتشر کردیم.
We published 10,000 copies.
ما ۱۰٬۰۰۰ نسخه چاپ کردیم.
off the internet in PDF form.
that they've taken it up in Somalia.
a version of this in Somalia,
سومالی تولید میکنند،
for Electoral Management Bodies,
مدیریت گروه های انتخاباتی عربی،
منطقه برگزار میشود،
built up a pan-Arab observation unit,
ناظر عربی ایجاد کرده،
is quite high-pitched.
کاملا تاثیر گذار بود.
are quite technical,
بسیار فنی هستند،
need to know at least a third of it.
احتمالا یک سوم آن هم ندارد.
of what we know as civic education.
که میشناسیم محروم بودهاند.
in that part of the world,
وجود ندارد،
the right of everybody
producing a work of reference
that can be used now
about the Middle East.
در خاورمیانه میشنویم.
We hear terrorism.
از تروریسم میشنویم.
and all this horrible negative news
و همه این خبرهای وحشتناک منفی
the people, the everyday people, thinking?
مردم عادی، چه فکری میکنند؟
let's give them the words.
بگذارید به آنها کلمات را بدهیم.
with the knowledge tools
ابزار اطلاعاتی بدهیم
does not need to be silent.
نیازی به ساکت بودن ندارند.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Philippa Neave - Electoral consultantPhilippa Neave is senior advisor on the UN's Lexicon of Electoral Terminology.
Why you should listen
Philippa Neave specializes in electoral communications and education, devising information and training campaigns for voters and candidates in emerging democracies. Since 2005 she has worked in electoral assistance as a consultant for the United Nations, developing strategies to inform people on their voting rights, with particular emphasis on reaching women and people with low levels of literacy. She has worked on elections in Afghanistan, Iraq UAE, Jordan, Turkey, Cambodia, Madagascar, Southern Sudan and Tunisia.
An Arabic speaker, Neave initiated and conducted a three-year project to produce the first Arabic lexicon of electoral terminology. With close to 500 entries, the tri-lingual (Arabic, English and French) lexicon provides clear and accurate explanations of key concepts and terms in the field of elections. Neave's approach included a groundbreaking effort to account for Arabic language variations across the region in eight participating countries: Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Palestine, Tunisia and Yemen.
Neave has always worked with words. For 15 years she was a reporter specialising in the Middle East. After a year and a half in Cairo, she became a foreign correspondent for an international features syndicate in based Rome, Paris and New York. Later, in London, she was chief editor of a magazine on arts and culture and in Paris after that, she was chief editor of European Press Network. She then left the news business and worked as Middle East Director for a British charity, based in Beirut for five years.
Her interest in democracy building goes back to the time when soon after leaving university, she served for several years as deputy Secretary General of the Parliamentary Association for Euro-Arab Cooperation, organising and participating in the Euro-Arab Parliamentary Dialogue.
Born in 1960 in France to an English father and a Danish mother, Neave grew up bilingual. She studied Arabic at Durham University in the UK and obtained a BA degree. She speaks seven languages, including Arabic, and is based in Paris.
Philippa Neave | Speaker | TED.com