Philippa Neave: The unexpected challenges of a country's first election
필리파 니브 (Philippa Neave): 처음 선거를 하는 나라의 예상치 못한 과제들
Philippa Neave is senior advisor on the UN's Lexicon of Electoral Terminology. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
아리스토텔레스가 말했습니다.
there's no word for it,
그것을 위한 단어도 없고
we know what we're talking about.
그 의미를 이해합니다.
We have the vocabulary.
where democracy doesn't exist,
나라들은 어떨까요?
no words to describe the concepts
개념들을 묘사하는 단어가
of electoral assistance,
일하고 있습니다.
조직화하는 일을 돕고 있어요.
종종 이런 반응을 듣게 됩니다.
who goes around the world
민주주의를 감당할 수 없는 나라들에게
on countries that can't handle it."
사람들 중 한 명이군요."
does not impose anything on anybody.
어떤 것도 강요하지 않습니다.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
입각한 것이며
to choose who governs them.
권리가 있다고 말하고 있어요.
designing information campaigns
기획하는 사람이란 뜻이에요.
to participate or to vote
이해를 돕는 일을 하죠.
campaign to reach out to women
캠페인도 기획중입니다.
확신을 주기 위한 것이죠.
because very often in this work,
왜냐면 일을 하다보면
that I've been doing it
제가 깨달은 것은
high levels of illiteracy,
it was in 2005,
2005년의 일인데요.
on the same day.
두 개의 선거를 준비했습니다.
are so incredibly difficult,
더 효율적이었거든요.
explaining two elections instead of one
선거를 설명하는 것은
문제가 생겼습니다.
so many people wanted to take part,
참여하고 싶어 했거든요.
올레시 지르가의 경우에는
which is the parliamentary elections.
후보자가 300명이었어요.
we had even more candidates.
후보자가 더 많았습니다.
디자인에 대해 말씀드리면..
a lot of symbols and things like that.
뭐 그런 것들을 사용했습니다.
in Southern Sudan.
who had never, of course, voted,
경험이 없었음은 물론이고
high levels of illiteracy,
문맹률이 높았습니다.
the size of Texas, more or less.
텍사스 정도 크기의 나라인데요.
where we landed the planes
포장까지 포함한 길이였죠.
대단히 어려웠습니다.
about what a box looked like.
was obviously the way to go,
튀니지로 갔습니다.
by that enormous movement
대규모 민주화 운동으로 인해
there was Egypt, there was Yemen.
historical moment.
with the election commission,
about various aspects of the election,
이야기를 나누었습니다.
that I hadn't actually heard before,
단어들을 사용하는 걸 들었어요.
I'd worked with Jordanians, Egyptians,
사람들과도 일했는데
사용하기 시작한 거예요.
was this word "observer."
"참관인"이라는 말 때문이었어요.
토론을 하고 있었는데
was talking about "mulahiz" in Arabic.
"물라히즈"라고 말했습니다.
in a passive sort of sense,
"알아채다"라는 뜻이에요.
he was wearing a light blue shirt."
입고 있는 걸 알아챘어" 같은 거죠.
the shirt was light blue or not?
가서 확인하는 것이
by all kinds of treaties,
여러 조약에 의거해 관리되며
that control function in it.
기능을 가지고 있지요.
of the fact that in Egypt,
말도 들었는데요.
which means "to follow."
"따르다"라는 뜻이에요.
followers of an election.
사람들이 있는 거죠.
that's already accepted and in use,
단어가 있거든요.
which means "a controller."
"관리자"라는 뜻이에요.
for one concept. This is not good.
이건 좋지 않다고 생각했어요.
we thought perhaps it's our role
우리의 역할이 아닐까 생각했어요.
that the words are understood
확실히 전달될 수 있도록 돕고
있도록 하는 것 말이에요.
of Electoral Terminology,"
in eight different countries.
of everything you need to know
a democratic election.
about what would be the appropriate word
and that's part of the problem.
그것도 풀어야 할 숙제였거든요.
that speak Arabic,
that is used across the whole region
사용되고 있는 표준어이지만
to the next in day to day language and use
언어도 있기 때문에
다양할 수 밖에 없어요.
added layer of complication.
또 다른 문제가 생긴 셈이죠.
fully ripe, if you like,
new expressions.
계속 생겨나고 있었으니까요.
eight correspondents in the region.
현지 직원들이 있었는데
그들이 회신을 주었습니다.
to harmonize or force harmonization.
강제하고 싶지 않았거든요.
understanding among people.
도움을 주고 싶었습니다.
the different expressions in use
여러 나라에서 다양하게 사용중인
it took three years to produce this
and took it actually into the field,
실제로 현장에 반영해보고
in all these different countries,
in November 2014 in Cairo.
카이로에서 출판했습니다.
We published 10,000 copies.
1만부나 출판이 되었거든요.
off the internet in PDF form.
3천건 다운로드 되었고요.
that they've taken it up in Somalia.
소말리아에서도 사용하기로 했다는군요.
a version of this in Somalia,
만들 계획이라고 해요.
전혀 없거든요.
for Electoral Management Bodies,
아랍 선거 관리 기구는
선거를 운영할지에 대한
built up a pan-Arab observation unit,
범(汎) 아랍 감시 기구에서도
is quite high-pitched.
are quite technical,
need to know at least a third of it.
알아도 충분할 겁니다.
of what we know as civic education.
기회를 얻지 못합니다.
배우는 것들 말입니다.
in that part of the world,
the right of everybody
이루어지는지 아는 것은
producing a work of reference
선거 용어집을 편찬하고
있음을 명심하는 것은
애니메이션을 통해
that can be used now
그들의 언어를 가지고
사람들과 나누기 위해
about the Middle East.
많은 비극을 전해 듣습니다.
We hear terrorism.
and all this horrible negative news
부정적인 소식들을 계속 듣고 있죠.
the people, the everyday people, thinking?
생각은 들려오지 않습니다.
let's give them the words.
그들에게 단어를 줍시다.
with the knowledge tools
지식을 쌓을 수 있도록
does not need to be silent.
침묵할 필요가 없습니다.
있게 도와야 합니다.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Philippa Neave - Electoral consultantPhilippa Neave is senior advisor on the UN's Lexicon of Electoral Terminology.
Why you should listen
Philippa Neave specializes in electoral communications and education, devising information and training campaigns for voters and candidates in emerging democracies. Since 2005 she has worked in electoral assistance as a consultant for the United Nations, developing strategies to inform people on their voting rights, with particular emphasis on reaching women and people with low levels of literacy. She has worked on elections in Afghanistan, Iraq UAE, Jordan, Turkey, Cambodia, Madagascar, Southern Sudan and Tunisia.
An Arabic speaker, Neave initiated and conducted a three-year project to produce the first Arabic lexicon of electoral terminology. With close to 500 entries, the tri-lingual (Arabic, English and French) lexicon provides clear and accurate explanations of key concepts and terms in the field of elections. Neave's approach included a groundbreaking effort to account for Arabic language variations across the region in eight participating countries: Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Palestine, Tunisia and Yemen.
Neave has always worked with words. For 15 years she was a reporter specialising in the Middle East. After a year and a half in Cairo, she became a foreign correspondent for an international features syndicate in based Rome, Paris and New York. Later, in London, she was chief editor of a magazine on arts and culture and in Paris after that, she was chief editor of European Press Network. She then left the news business and worked as Middle East Director for a British charity, based in Beirut for five years.
Her interest in democracy building goes back to the time when soon after leaving university, she served for several years as deputy Secretary General of the Parliamentary Association for Euro-Arab Cooperation, organising and participating in the Euro-Arab Parliamentary Dialogue.
Born in 1960 in France to an English father and a Danish mother, Neave grew up bilingual. She studied Arabic at Durham University in the UK and obtained a BA degree. She speaks seven languages, including Arabic, and is based in Paris.
Philippa Neave | Speaker | TED.com