Philippa Neave: The unexpected challenges of a country's first election
Philippa Neave: Os desafios inesperados das primeiras eleições de um país
Philippa Neave is senior advisor on the UN's Lexicon of Electoral Terminology. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
there's no word for it,
não há uma palavra para designá-la.
para designar uma coisa,
we know what we're talking about.
sabemos do que estamos a falar.
We have the vocabulary.
Sabemos o que é um boletim.
where democracy doesn't exist,
onde a democracia não existe,
no words to describe the concepts
palavras para descrever
a uma sociedade democrática?
of electoral assistance,
da assistência eleitoral,
a organizar as suas primeiras eleições.
ouço muitas vezes esta resposta,
who goes around the world
que anda pelo mundo
on countries that can't handle it."
a países que não podem sustentá-la?"
does not impose anything on anybody.
não impõem nada a ninguém.
está plenamente consagrado
Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
dos Direitos do Homem de 1948,
a escolher por quem quer ser governado.
to choose who governs them.
em sensibilização pública.
Mais jargão.
designing information campaigns
de campanhas informativas
to participate or to vote
de participar ou votar
quando e como se registarem;
campaign to reach out to women
específica destinada às mulheres
podem participar no processo.
Todo o tipo de pessoas.
Tentamos chegar a toda a gente.
because very often in this work,
porque, muitas vezes, neste ramo,
that I've been doing it
faltam as palavras.
high levels of illiteracy,
de analfabetismo.
it was in 2005,
em 2005,
on the same day.
no mesmo dia.
are so incredibly difficult,
era tão complexa
explaining two elections instead of one
e, no que diz respeito ao boletim em si,
so many people wanted to take part,
muita gente a querer participar.
which is the parliamentary elections.
— as eleições parlamentares.
we had even more candidates.
tínhamos ainda mais candidatos.
à conceção do boletim,
Este era o boletim da Wolesi Jirga.
a lot of symbols and things like that.
e coisas do género.
in Southern Sudan.
no Sudão do Sul.
who had never, of course, voted,
que nunca tinha votado,
high levels of illiteracy,
incrivelmente altos de analfabetismo
the size of Texas, more or less.
do Texas, mais ou menos —
de terra batida,
where we landed the planes
os aviões, no Aeroporto de Juba.
é extremamente difícil.
about what a box looked like.
do que era uma urna.
was obviously the way to go,
a comunicação verbal era a solução,
by that enormous movement
gerara muita esperança por toda a região.
there was Egypt, there was Yemen.
historical moment.
with the election commission,
about various aspects of the election,
vários aspetos das eleições.
that I hadn't actually heard before,
que nunca ouvira.
I'd worked with Jordanians, Egyptians,
jordanos, egípcios,
estavam a usar aquelas palavras.
was this word "observer."
foi a palavra "observador".
observadores eleitorais
was talking about "mulahiz" in Arabic.
falava em "mulahiz" em árabe.
in a passive sort of sense,
de forma passiva,
he was wearing a light blue shirt."
trazia uma t-shirt azul clara.
the shirt was light blue or not?
era azul clara ou não?"
de um observador eleitoral.
by all kinds of treaties,
é regido por todo o tipo de tratados
that control function in it.
of the fact that in Egypt,
which means "to follow."
que significa "seguir".
followers of an election.
nas eleições.
that's already accepted and in use,
amplamente aceite e usado,
which means "a controller."
que significa "controlador".
for one concept. This is not good.
para um conceito. Isto não é bom."
we thought perhaps it's our role
achámos que era nosso dever
that the words are understood
que as palavras fossem entendidas
em toda a região árabe.
Em parceria com estes colegas,
de Terminologia Eleitoral"
of Electoral Terminology,"
in eight different countries.
of everything you need to know
de tudo o que precisamos de saber
a democratic election.
umas eleições democráticas.
colaborámos com os colegas árabes
about what would be the appropriate word
sobre qual seria a palavra certa
and that's part of the problem.
o que constitui uma parte do problema.
that speak Arabic,
that is used across the whole region
to the next in day to day language and use
varia consoante o uso e a língua correntes
added layer of complication.
tínhamos o problema
fully ripe, if you like,
não estar totalmente preparada.
new expressions.
novas expressões.
e contactámos 8 correspondentes da região.
eight correspondents in the region.
e eles responderam-nos:
mas é assim que dizemos no nosso país."
to harmonize or force harmonization.
ou forçar a uniformização,
understanding among people.
a compreensão entre as pessoas.
the different expressions in use
as diferentes expressões usadas
it took three years to produce this
três anos para produzir isto,
and took it actually into the field,
e implementámo-lo em campo,
in all these different countries,
de todos estes países,
e melhorámos o rascunho
in November 2014 in Cairo.
em novembro de 2014, no Cairo.
We published 10,000 copies.
Publicámos 10 mil cópias.
off the internet in PDF form.
"downloads" em formato PDF.
that they've taken it up in Somalia.
que o implementaram na Somália.
a version of this in Somalia,
porque não existe lá nada.
for Electoral Management Bodies,
de gestão eleitoral recém-criada
são geridas na região
built up a pan-Arab observation unit,
uma unidade de observação pan-árabe
is quite high-pitched.
é bastante arrojada.
are quite technical,
são bastante técnicos.
need to know at least a third of it.
de saber, pelo menos, um terço.
of what we know as civic education.
de qualquer tipo de educação cívica.
in that part of the world,
the right of everybody
de saber como estas coisas funcionam.
producing a work of reference
uma obra de referência
temos uma base de trabalho,
utilizando aplicações de telemóvel,
that can be used now
que podemos utilizar
pela primeira vez, no seu idioma.
about the Middle East.
sobre o Médio Oriente.
We hear terrorism.
do terrorismo.
and all this horrible negative news
e de todas estas terríveis notícias
the people, the everyday people, thinking?
o que pensam as pessoas comuns.
let's give them the words.
as palavras.
porque não possui o vocabulário.
with the knowledge tools
as ferramentas do conhecimento
does not need to be silent.
não precisa de estar em silêncio.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Philippa Neave - Electoral consultantPhilippa Neave is senior advisor on the UN's Lexicon of Electoral Terminology.
Why you should listen
Philippa Neave specializes in electoral communications and education, devising information and training campaigns for voters and candidates in emerging democracies. Since 2005 she has worked in electoral assistance as a consultant for the United Nations, developing strategies to inform people on their voting rights, with particular emphasis on reaching women and people with low levels of literacy. She has worked on elections in Afghanistan, Iraq UAE, Jordan, Turkey, Cambodia, Madagascar, Southern Sudan and Tunisia.
An Arabic speaker, Neave initiated and conducted a three-year project to produce the first Arabic lexicon of electoral terminology. With close to 500 entries, the tri-lingual (Arabic, English and French) lexicon provides clear and accurate explanations of key concepts and terms in the field of elections. Neave's approach included a groundbreaking effort to account for Arabic language variations across the region in eight participating countries: Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Palestine, Tunisia and Yemen.
Neave has always worked with words. For 15 years she was a reporter specialising in the Middle East. After a year and a half in Cairo, she became a foreign correspondent for an international features syndicate in based Rome, Paris and New York. Later, in London, she was chief editor of a magazine on arts and culture and in Paris after that, she was chief editor of European Press Network. She then left the news business and worked as Middle East Director for a British charity, based in Beirut for five years.
Her interest in democracy building goes back to the time when soon after leaving university, she served for several years as deputy Secretary General of the Parliamentary Association for Euro-Arab Cooperation, organising and participating in the Euro-Arab Parliamentary Dialogue.
Born in 1960 in France to an English father and a Danish mother, Neave grew up bilingual. She studied Arabic at Durham University in the UK and obtained a BA degree. She speaks seven languages, including Arabic, and is based in Paris.
Philippa Neave | Speaker | TED.com