TED2011
Stanley McChrystal: Listen, learn ... then lead
Stanley McChrystal: Slušaj, uči ... zatim vodi
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General s četiri zvjezdice Stanley McChrystal dijeli ono što je naučio o vodstvu tijekom svojih desetljeća provedenih u vojsci. Kako možete izgraditi osjećaj zajedničkog smisla među ljudima raznih dobi i setova vještina? Slušanjem i učenjem -- i oslovljavanjem mogućnosti neuspjeha.
Stanley McChrystal - Military leader
General Stanley McChrystal is the former commander of U.S. and International forces in Afghanistan. A four-star general, he is credited for creating a revolution in warfare that fuses intelligence and operations. Full bio
General Stanley McChrystal is the former commander of U.S. and International forces in Afghanistan. A four-star general, he is credited for creating a revolution in warfare that fuses intelligence and operations. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Ten years ago, on a Tuesday morning,
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Prije 10 godina, u utorak ujutro,
00:18
I conducted a parachute jump at Fort Bragg, North Carolina.
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izveo sam skok s padobranom u Fort Braggu, Sjevernoj Karolini.
00:21
It was a routine training jump, like many more I'd done
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Bio je to rutinski trening poput mnogih koje sam napravio
00:24
since I became a paratrooper
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otkako sam postao padobranac
00:26
27 years before.
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prije 27 godina.
00:28
We went down to the airfield early
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Otišli smo u zračnu bazu rano
00:30
because this is the Army and you always go early.
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jer to je vojska, i uvijek idete rano.
00:33
You do some routine refresher training,
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Prođete kroz rutinski trening ponavljanja
00:36
and then you go to put on your parachute and a buddy helps you.
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i zatim odete kako bi stavili na sebe svoj padobran a kolega vam u tome pomaže.
00:39
And you put on the T-10 parachute.
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I stavite na sebe T10 padobran.
00:41
And you're very careful how you put the straps,
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I s velikim oprezom pazite kako stavljate remenje,
00:43
particularly the leg straps because they go between your legs.
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naročito remenje za noge jer oni idu između vaših nogu.
00:45
And then you put on your reserve, and then you put on your heavy rucksack.
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I zatim stavite svoj rezervni padobran i zatim stavite na sebe svoj teški ruksak.
00:48
And then a jumpmaster comes,
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I zatim dolazi stručnjak za skokove,
00:50
and he's an experienced NCO in parachute operations.
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a on je iskusan podčasnik u padobranskim operacijama.
00:53
He checks you out, he grabs your adjusting straps
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On vas provjeri, zgrabi vaše remenje za prilagodbu
00:56
and he tightens everything
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i sve zategne
00:58
so that your chest is crushed,
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tako da su vam prsa slomljena,
01:00
your shoulders are crushed down,
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vaša ramena su potisnuta dolje
01:02
and, of course, he's tightened so your voice goes up a couple octaves as well.
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i, naravno, kako je on sve zategnuo vaš glas povisi za nekoliko oktava.
01:07
Then you sit down, and you wait a little while,
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Zatim sjednete i čekate neko vrijeme,
01:09
because this is the Army.
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jer to je vojska.
01:11
Then you load the aircraft, and then you stand up and you get on,
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Zatim ukrcate avion, zatim ustanete, i uđete unutra,
01:14
and you kind of lumber to the aircraft like this, in a line of people,
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i teturate nekako ovako do aviona -- u liniji s drugim ljudima --
01:17
and you sit down on canvas seats on either side of the aircraft.
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i sjednete na platnena sjedala s bilo koje strane aviona.
01:19
And you wait a little bit longer,
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I zatim čekate još malo duže,
01:21
because this is the Air Force teaching the Army how to wait.
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jer to su zračne snage koje uče vojsku kako čekati.
01:26
Then you take off.
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Zatim uzletite.
01:28
And it's painful enough now --
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I već sada je dovoljno bolno --
01:30
and I think it's designed this way --
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i mislim kako je to tako i dizajnirano --
01:32
it's painful enough so you want to jump.
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dovoljno je bolno pa poželite skočiti.
01:34
You didn't really want to jump, but you want out.
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Ne želite zapravo skočiti, samo želite izaći.
01:36
So you get in the aircraft, you're flying along,
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Dakle, uđete u avion, letite
01:39
and at 20 minutes out, these jumpmasters start giving you commands.
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i nakon 20 minuta leta, ti stručnjaci za skokove vam počinju davati naredbe.
01:41
They give 20 minutes -- that's a time warning.
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Daju vam 20 minuta -- to je vremensko upozorenje.
01:43
You sit there, OK.
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Sjedite tamo, u redu.
01:45
Then they give you 10 minutes.
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Zatim vam daju 10 minuta.
01:47
And of course, you're responding with all of these.
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I naravno, vi potvrđujete sve to.
01:49
And that's to boost everybody's confidence, to show that you're not scared.
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A to je kako bi se povećalo pouzdanje svih prisutnih, kako bi se pokazalo da vas nije strah.
01:52
Then they give you, "Get ready."
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Zatim vam kažu, "pripremite se".
01:54
Then they go, "Outboard personnel, stand up."
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Zatim kažu, "Vanjsko osoblje, ustanite".
01:57
If you're an outboard personnel, now you stand up.
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Ukoliko ste vanjsko osoblje, sada ustanete.
02:00
If you're an inboard personnel, stand up.
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Ukoliko ste unutarnje osoblje, ustanete.
02:02
And then you hook up, and you hook up your static line.
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I zatim vas prikvače i zatim prikvače vašu statičku liniju.
02:05
And at that point, you think, "Hey, guess what?
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I u tom trenutku, pomislite, "Hej, pogodite što?
02:07
I'm probably going to jump.
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Vjerojatno ću skočiti.
02:09
There's no way to get out of this at this point."
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Nema načina da se izvučem iz ovoga u ovoj točki."
02:11
You go through some additional checks, and then they open the door.
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Prođete kroz još neke dodatne provjere i zatim otvore vrata.
02:14
And this was that Tuesday morning in September,
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A to je bilo u utorak ujutro u rujnu
02:17
and it was pretty nice outside.
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i bilo je prilično lijepo vani.
02:19
So nice air comes flowing in.
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Dakle, lijepi zrak dolazi unutra.
02:22
The jumpmasters start to check the door.
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Stručnjaci za skokove počinju provjeravati vrata.
02:24
And then when it's time to go,
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A zatim kada je vrijeme za skok,
02:26
a green light goes and the jumpmaster goes, "Go."
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upali se zeleno svjetlo i stručnjak za skok kaže, "Idemo".
02:28
The first guy goes, and you're just in line,
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Prvi momak skoči, a vi ste samo u liniji
02:30
and you just kind of lumber to the door.
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i samo teturate do vratiju.
02:32
Jump is a misnomer; you fall.
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Skok je pogrešan naziv; padnete.
02:34
You fall outside the door,
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Padnete kroz vrata,
02:36
you're caught in the slipstream.
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povučeni ste u klizni tok.
02:38
The first thing you do is lock into a tight body position --
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Prva stvar koju učinite je da se ukliještite u poziciju zategnutog tijela --
02:41
head down in your chest, your arms extended,
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glavu spustite na svoja prsa, ruke ispružene,
02:43
put over your reserve parachute.
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preko stavite svoj rezervni padobran.
02:46
You do that because, 27 years before,
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Učinite to jer me, 27 godina prije toga,
02:49
an airborne sergeant had taught me to do that.
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pukovnik zračnih snaga naučio da to učinim.
02:52
I have no idea whether it makes any difference,
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Nemam pojma pravi li to ikakvu razliku,
02:54
but he seemed to make sense,
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ali činilo se kako priča ima smisla,
02:56
and I wasn't going to test the hypothesis that he'd be wrong.
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a i nisam testirao hipotezu kada bi on bio u krivu.
03:00
And then you wait for the opening shock
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I zatim čekate na šok otvaranja
03:02
for your parachute to open.
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kada vam se padobran otvori.
03:04
If you don't get an opening shock, you don't get a parachute --
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Ukoliko ne proživite šok otvaranja, ne dobijete padobran --
03:06
you've got a whole new problem set.
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zatim imate cijeli niz novih problema.
03:09
But typically you do; typically it opens.
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Ali u načelu prođete kroz taj šok; u načelu se otvori.
03:12
And of course, if your leg straps aren't set right,
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I naravno, ukoliko vaše nožno remenje nije pravilno podešeno,
03:15
at that point you get another little thrill.
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u tom trenutku dobijete još jedno malo uzbuđenje.
03:17
Boom.
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Boom.
03:19
So then you look around,
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Tada gledate okolo,
03:21
you're under a canopy and you say, "This is good."
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nalazite se ispod kupole padobrana i kažete, "Ovo je dobro".
03:23
Now you prepare for the inevitable.
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Sada se pripremite za neizbježno.
03:25
You are going to hit the ground.
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Udariti ćete u tlo.
03:27
You can't delay that much.
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To ne možete previše odgađati.
03:29
And you really can't decide where you hit very much,
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I zapravo ne možete odlučiti gdje ćete jako udariti,
03:31
because they pretend you can steer,
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jer se pretvaraju kako možete upravljati,
03:33
but you're being delivered.
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ali zapravo vi ste dostavljeni.
03:36
So you look around, where you're going to land,
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Stoga gledate okolo, gdje ćete sletjeti,
03:38
you try to make yourself ready.
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pokušavate se pripremiti.
03:40
And then as you get close, you lower your rucksack below you on a lowering line,
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I zatim kako se približavate, spustite ruksak ispod vas na liniju spuštanja,
03:43
so that it's not on you when you land,
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tako da nije na vama kada sletite
03:45
and you prepare to do a parachute-landing fall.
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i pripremite se za pristanak padom padobrana.
03:47
Now the Army teaches you
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Sada, vojska vas uči
03:49
to do five points of performance --
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da izvedete pet točaka --
03:51
the toes of your feet,
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nožni prsti,
03:53
your calves, your thighs,
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vaši listovi, vaša bedra,
03:55
your buttocks and your push-up muscles.
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vaša stražnjica i vaši trbušni mišići.
03:58
It's this elegant little land, twist and roll.
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To je ta elegantna mala zemlja, uvijete se i zakotrljate.
04:01
And that's not going to hurt.
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I to neće boljeti.
04:03
In 30-some years of jumping, I never did one.
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U 30 i nešto godina skakanja, nikada nisam učinio nijedan.
04:06
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:08
I always landed like a watermelon out of a third floor window.
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Uvijek sam sletio poput lubenice s prozora na trećem katu.
04:11
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:13
And as soon as I hit,
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I čim sam udario o tlo,
04:15
the first thing I did is I'd see if I'd broken anything that I needed.
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prva stvar koju sam učinio je pogledao jesam li slomio nešto što mi je trebalo.
04:19
I'd shake my head,
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Protresao bih glavom
04:21
and I'd ask myself the eternal question:
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i zapitao se vječno pitanje:
04:24
"Why didn't I go into banking?"
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"Zašto nisam otišao u bankarstvo?"
04:26
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:28
And I'd look around,
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I pogledao bih okolo
04:30
and then I'd see another paratrooper,
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i zatim bih vidio još jednog padobranca,
04:32
a young guy or girl,
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mladog momka ili djevojku
04:34
and they'd have pulled out their M4 carbine
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i oni su izvukli svoje M-4 karabine
04:36
and they'd be picking up their equipment.
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i kupili bi svoju opremu.
04:38
They'd be doing everything
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Činili bi sve
04:40
that we had taught them.
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što smo ih mi naučili.
04:42
And I realized
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I shvatio sam
04:44
that, if they had to go into combat,
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da, ukoliko bi oni trebali ići u bitku,
04:47
they would do what we had taught them and they would follow leaders.
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radili bi ono što smo ih naučili i slijedili bi svoje vođe.
04:50
And I realized that, if they came out of combat,
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I shvatio sam da, ukoliko bi se vratili iz borbe,
04:53
it would be because we led them well.
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to bi bilo zato jer smo ih dobro vodili.
04:55
And I was hooked again on the importance of what I did.
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I ponovno sam se navukao na važnost onoga što sam radio.
04:59
So now I do that Tuesday morning jump,
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Dakle, sada učinim taj skok u utorak ujutro,
05:01
but it's not any jump --
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ali to nije bio bilo kakav skok --
05:03
that was September 11th, 2001.
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to je bio 11. rujan 2001. godine.
05:07
And when we took off from the airfield, America was at peace.
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I kada smo poletjeli iz zračne baze, Amerika je bila u miru.
05:10
When we landed on the drop-zone, everything had changed.
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Kada smo sletjeli u zonu izbacivanja, sve se promijenilo.
05:14
And what we thought
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I ono što smo mislili
05:16
about the possibility of those young soldiers going into combat
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o mogućnosti odlaska tih mladih vojnika u borbu
05:18
as being theoretical
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kao nešto teoretsko
05:20
was now very, very real --
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je bilo sada vrlo, vrlo stvarno --
05:22
and leadership seemed important.
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i vodstvo se činilo važnim.
05:24
But things had changed;
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Ali stvari su se promijenile --
05:26
I was a 46-year-old brigadier general.
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ja sam bio 46 godina star general brigadir.
05:28
I'd been successful,
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Bio sam uspješan,
05:30
but things changed so much
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no stvari su se toliko promijenile
05:33
that I was going to have to make some significant changes,
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da sam morao učiniti neke značajne promjene --
05:35
and on that morning, I didn't know it.
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a to jutro, nisam to znao.
05:38
I was raised with traditional stories of leadership:
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Odrastao sam uz klasične priče o vodstvu:
05:41
Robert E. Lee, John Buford at Gettysburg.
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Robert E. Lee, John Buford u Gettysburgu.
05:44
And I also was raised
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I isto tako sam odrastao
05:46
with personal examples of leadership.
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uz osobne primjere vodstva.
05:49
This was my father in Vietnam.
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Ovo je bio moj otac u Vijetnamu.
05:52
And I was raised to believe
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I odgojen sam da vjerujem
05:54
that soldiers were strong and wise
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kako su vojnici snažni i pametni
05:56
and brave and faithful;
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i hrabri i odani --
05:58
they didn't lie, cheat, steal
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nisu lagali, varali, krali
06:00
or abandon their comrades.
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ili napuštali svoje drugove.
06:02
And I still believe real leaders are like that.
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I još uvijek vjerujem kako su pravi vođe upravo takvi.
06:09
But in my first 25 years of career,
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Ali u svojih prvih 25 godina karijere,
06:11
I had a bunch of different experiences.
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imao sam hrpu različitih iskustava.
06:14
One of my first battalion commanders,
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Jedan od mojih prvih zapovjednika bataljona,
06:16
I worked in his battalion for 18 months
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radio sam u njegovom bataljonu 18 mjeseci
06:18
and the only conversation he ever had with Lt. McChrystal
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i jedini razgovor koji je ikada vodio s poručnikom McChrystalom
06:22
was at mile 18 of a 25-mile road march,
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je bio na 18. milji 25 milja dugačkog cestovnog marša
06:25
and he chewed my ass for about 40 seconds.
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i žvakao je moju stražnjicu dobrih 40 sekundi.
06:27
And I'm not sure that was real interaction.
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I nisam siguran kako je to stvarna interakcija.
06:30
But then a couple of years later, when I was a company commander,
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Ali zatim, par godina kasnije, kada sam bio zapovjednik kompanije,
06:33
I went out to the National Training Center.
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otišao sam u nacionalni centar za treniranje.
06:35
And we did an operation,
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I proveli smo operaciju
06:37
and my company did a dawn attack --
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i moja kompanija je izvela napad u zoru --
06:39
you know, the classic dawn attack:
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znate, klasičan napad u zoru:
06:41
you prepare all night, move to the line of departure.
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pripremate se cijelu noć, pomaknete se do linije odlaska.
06:43
And I had an armored organization at that point.
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I u to vrijeme sam imao oružanu organizaciju.
06:45
We move forward, and we get wiped out --
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Dođemo naprijed i unište nas --
06:47
I mean, wiped out immediately.
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mislim, potpuno nas unište.
06:49
The enemy didn't break a sweat doing it.
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Neprijatelj se nije ni oznojio.
06:52
And after the battle,
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I nakon bitke,
06:54
they bring this mobile theater and they do what they call an "after action review"
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dovedu to mobilno kino i pokažu nam ono što zovu "pregled nakon akcije"
06:57
to teach you what you've done wrong.
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kako bi vas naučili što ste učinili krivo.
06:59
Sort of leadership by humiliation.
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Neka vrsta vodstva ponižavanjem.
07:01
They put a big screen up, and they take you through everything:
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Stave to na veliki ekran i vode vas kroz sve.
07:03
"and then you didn't do this, and you didn't do this, etc."
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"...I niste napravili ovo i niste napravili ono, itd."
07:06
I walked out feeling as low
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Izašao sam van osjećajući se malen
07:08
as a snake's belly in a wagon rut.
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poput zmijina trbuha na vagonskim tračnicama.
07:10
And I saw my battalion commander, because I had let him down.
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I vidio sam svog zapovjednika bataljona jer sam ga razočarao.
07:13
And I went up to apologize to him,
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I otišao sam mu se ispričati,
07:15
and he said, "Stanley, I thought you did great."
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a on je rekao, "Stanley, mislim kako si bio odličan."
07:18
And in one sentence,
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I u jednoj rečenici,
07:20
he lifted me, put me back on my feet,
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podignuo me, postavio me opet na noge
07:23
and taught me that leaders can let you fail
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i naučio me kako vođe mogu dopustiti da doživite neuspjeh
07:26
and yet not let you be a failure.
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a ipak vam ne dopustiti da budete neuspjeh.
07:31
When 9/11 came,
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Kada je došao 9/11,
07:33
46-year-old Brig. Gen. McChrystal sees a whole new world.
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46-godišnji general brigadir McChrystal vidi potpuno novi svijet.
07:37
First, the things that are obvious, that you're familiar with:
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Prvo, stvari koje su očite, s kojima ste upoznati:
07:40
the environment changed --
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okolina se promijenila --
07:42
the speed, the scrutiny,
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brzina, ispitivanje,
07:44
the sensitivity of everything now is so fast,
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osjetljivost svega je sada tako brza,
07:46
sometimes it evolves faster
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ponekad se razvija brže
07:48
than people have time to really reflect on it.
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nego što ljudi imaju vremena doista se reflektirati na to.
07:50
But everything we do
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Ali sve što radimo
07:52
is in a different context.
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je u drugačijem kontekstu.
07:55
More importantly, the force that I led
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Još važnije, grupa koju sam vodio
07:57
was spread over more than 20 countries.
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je bila raspršena preko više od 20 zemalja.
08:00
And instead of being able to get all the key leaders
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I umjesto da mogu okupiti sve ključne vođe
08:02
for a decision together in a single room
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za zajedničku odluku u jednu prostoriju
08:04
and look them in the eye and build their confidence
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i gledati ih u oči i graditi njihovo pouzdanje
08:06
and get trust from them,
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i pridobiti njihovo povjerenje,
08:08
I'm now leading a force that's dispersed,
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ja sada vodim grupu koja je raspršena
08:11
and I've got to use other techniques.
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i moram koristiti druge tehnike.
08:14
I've got to use video teleconferences, I've got to use chat,
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Moram koristiti video telekonferencije, moram koristiti chat,
08:17
I've got to use email, I've got to use phone calls --
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moram koristiti email, moram koristiti telefonske pozive --
08:19
I've got to use everything I can,
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moram koristiti sve što znam,
08:22
not just for communication,
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ne samo za komunikaciju,
08:24
but for leadership.
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već i za vođenje.
08:26
A 22-year-old individual
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22-godišnji pojedinac
08:28
operating alone,
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koji djeluje sam
08:30
thousands of miles from me,
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tisućama milja od mene
08:32
has got to communicate to me with confidence.
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mora komunicirati sa mnom s pouzdanjem.
08:35
I have to have trust in them and vice versa.
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Moram imati povjerenje u njih i vice versa.
08:38
And I also have to build their faith.
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I isto tako moram graditi njihovu vjeru.
08:41
And that's a new kind of leadership
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A to je nova vrsta vodstva
08:43
for me.
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za mene.
08:45
We had one operation
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Imali smo jednu operaciju
08:47
where we had to coordinate it from multiple locations.
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koju smo morali koordinirati s više lokacija.
08:49
An emerging opportunity came --
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Pojavila se iznenadna prilika --
08:51
didn't have time to get everybody together.
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nisam imao vremena da sve okupim.
08:54
So we had to get complex intelligence together,
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Stoga smo morali skupiti zajedno kompleksne podatke,
08:57
we had to line up the ability to act.
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morali smo uskladiti mogućnost djelovanja.
08:59
It was sensitive, we had to go up the chain of command,
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Bilo je osjetljivo, morali smo se penjati prema gore po lancu zapovjedanja,
09:02
convince them that this was the right thing to do
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uvjeriti ih kako je to prava stvar
09:04
and do all of this
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i učiniti sve to
09:06
on electronic medium.
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preko elektroničkog medija.
09:09
We failed.
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Nismo uspjeli.
09:12
The mission didn't work.
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Misija nije funkcionirala.
09:14
And so now what we had to do
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I sada ono što smo morali učiniti,
09:16
is I had to reach out
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je da sam ja morao doprijeti do svih
09:18
to try to rebuild the trust of that force,
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kako bi pokušao ponovno izgraditi povjerenje te grupe,
09:20
rebuild their confidence --
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ponovno izgraditi njihovo pouzdanje --
09:22
me and them, and them and me,
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ja i oni te oni i ja
09:24
and our seniors and us as a force --
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i naši nadređeni i mi kao grupa --
09:27
all without the ability to put a hand on a shoulder.
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sve bez mogućnosti stavljanja ruke na rame.
09:30
Entirely new requirement.
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Potpuno nova okolina.
09:34
Also, the people had changed.
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Isto tako, ljudi su se promijenili.
09:37
You probably think that the force that I led
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Vjerojatno mislite kako je grupa koju sam vodio
09:39
was all steely-eyed commandos with big knuckle fists
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bila sastavljena od komandosa čvrstih pogleda i šaka s velikim zglobovima
09:42
carrying exotic weapons.
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koji nose egzotično oružje.
09:45
In reality,
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U stvarnosti,
09:47
much of the force I led
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većina grupe koju sam vodio
09:49
looked exactly like you.
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je izgledala poput vas.
09:52
It was men, women, young, old --
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Bili su muškarci, žene, mladi, stari --
09:55
not just from military; from different organizations,
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ne samo iz vojske; iz različitih organizacija,
09:58
many of them detailed to us just from a handshake.
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mnogi od njih prepuni detalja samo od rukovanja.
10:01
And so instead of giving orders,
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I umjesto davanja naredbi,
10:03
you're now building consensus
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sada gradite konsenzus
10:05
and you're building a sense of shared purpose.
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i gradite osjećaj za zajednički smisao.
10:09
Probably the biggest change
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Vjerojatna najveća promjena
10:11
was understanding that the generational difference,
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je bila razumijevanje kako se generacijska razlika,
10:14
the ages, had changed so much.
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dob, toliko promijenila.
10:17
I went down to be with a Ranger platoon
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Otišao sam dolje kako bih bio s vodom rendžera
10:20
on an operation in Afghanistan,
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na operaciji u Afganistanu
10:22
and on that operation,
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i na toj operaciji,
10:24
a sergeant in the platoon
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narednik u vodu
10:26
had lost about half his arm
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je izgubio oko pola ruke
10:28
throwing a Taliban hand grenade
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bacajući talibansku ručnu granatu
10:30
back at the enemy
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natrag prema neprijatelju
10:32
after it had landed in his fire team.
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nakon što je sletjela u njegov pucački tim.
10:36
We talked about the operation,
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Razgovarali smo o toj operaciji
10:38
and then at the end I did what I often do with a force like that.
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i zatim sam na kraju učinio ono što često činim s takvom grupom.
10:41
I asked, "Where were you on 9/11?"
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Pitao sam, "Gdje ste bili 9/11?"
10:45
And one young Ranger in the back --
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I jedan mladi rendžer u pozadini --
10:47
his hair's tousled and his face is red and windblown
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njegova kosa zgužvana a njegovo lice crveno i propuhano vjetrom
10:49
from being in combat in the cold Afghan wind --
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od toga što je bio u borbi na hladnom afganistanskom vjetru --
10:53
he said, "Sir, I was in the sixth grade."
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rekao je, "Gospodine, ja sam išao u šesti razred."
10:57
And it reminded me
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I to me podsjetilo
11:00
that we're operating a force
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kako upravljamo grupom
11:02
that must have shared purpose
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koja moram imati zajednički cilj
11:04
and shared consciousness,
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i zajedničku svijest,
11:06
and yet he has different experiences,
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a ipak on ima različita iskustva,
11:08
in many cases a different vocabulary,
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u mnogim slučajevima različiti vokabular,
11:11
a completely different skill set
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potpuno različiti set vještina
11:13
in terms of digital media
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u terminima digitalnih medija
11:16
than I do and many of the other senior leaders.
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od mene i mnogih drugih starijih vođa.
11:20
And yet, we need to have that shared sense.
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A ipak, moramo imati taj zajednički cilj.
11:25
It also produced something
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To je isto tako proizvelo nešto
11:27
which I call an inversion of expertise,
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što ja zovem inverzijom ekspertize,
11:29
because we had so many changes at the lower levels
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jer smo imali toliko mnogo promjena na nižim razinama
11:32
in technology and tactics and whatnot,
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u tehnologiji i taktici i čemu sve ne,
11:34
that suddenly the things that we grew up doing
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da odjednom stvari uz koje smo odrasli radeći ih
11:37
wasn't what the force was doing anymore.
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nisu više ono što je grupa radila.
11:40
So how does a leader
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Dakle, kako vođa
11:42
stay credible and legitimate
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ostane vjerodostojan i legitiman
11:44
when they haven't done
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kada nije učinio ono
11:46
what the people you're leading are doing?
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što ljudi koje vodi čine?
11:49
And it's a brand new leadership challenge.
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I to je potpuno novi izazov vodstva.
11:51
And it forced me to become a lot more transparent,
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I prisilio me da postanem puno transparentniji,
11:54
a lot more willing to listen,
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puno voljniji slušati,
11:56
a lot more willing to be reverse-mentored from lower.
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puno voljniji da niže razine budu meni mentor.
12:01
And yet, again, you're not all in one room.
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A opet, niste svi u istoj prostoriji.
12:05
Then another thing.
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Zatim iduća stvar.
12:07
There's an effect on you and on your leaders.
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Postoji učinak na vas i na vaše vođe.
12:09
There's an impact, it's cumulative.
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Postoji učinak koji je kumulativan.
12:12
You don't reset, or recharge your battery every time.
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Ne resetirate ili punite svoje baterije cijelo vrijeme.
12:16
I stood in front of a screen one night in Iraq
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Stajao sam ispred zaslona jedne noći u Iraku
12:18
with one of my senior officers
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s jednim od mojih viših časnika
12:20
and we watched a firefight from one of our forces.
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i gledali smo vatrenu borbu jedne od naših grupa.
12:22
And I remembered his son was in our force.
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I sjetio sam se kako je njegov sin u našoj grupi.
12:25
And I said, "John, where's your son? And how is he?"
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I rekao sam, "John, gdje ti je sin? I kako je on?"
12:28
And he said, "Sir, he's fine. Thanks for asking."
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A on je rekao, "Gospodine, on je u redu. Hvala na pitanju."
12:30
I said, "Where is he now?"
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Rekao sam, "Gdje je on sada?"
12:32
And he pointed at the screen, he said, "He's in that firefight."
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A on je pokazao na zaslon i rekao, "On je u toj borbi."
12:35
Think about watching your brother, father,
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Pomislite da gledate vašeg brata, oca,
12:38
daughter, son, wife
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kćer, sina, ženu
12:41
in a firefight in real time
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u stvarnom vremenu u oružanoj borbi
12:43
and you can't do anything about it.
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i ne možete ništa učiniti.
12:45
Think about knowing that over time.
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Pomislite da znate to cijelo vrijeme.
12:47
And it's a new cumulative pressure on leaders.
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I to je novi kumulativni pritisak na vođe.
12:49
And you have to watch and take care of each other.
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I morate paziti i voditi brigu jedni o drugima.
12:54
I probably learned the most about relationships.
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Vjerojatno sam naučio najviše o vezama.
12:58
I learned they are the sinew
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Naučio sam kako su oni žila
13:01
which hold the force together.
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koja drži grupu na okupu.
13:03
I grew up much of my career in the Ranger regiment.
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Većinu karijere sam odrastao u regimenti rendžera.
13:06
And every morning in the Ranger regiment,
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I svako jutro u regimenti rendžera,
13:08
every Ranger -- and there are more than 2,000 of them --
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svaki rendžer -- a ima ih više od 2.000 --
13:10
says a six-stanza Ranger creed.
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kaže rendžersku vjeroispovjest od šest strofa.
13:13
You may know one line of it, it says,
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Možda znate jedan stih koji kaže,
13:15
"I'll never leave a fallen comrade to fall into the hands of the enemy."
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"Nikada neću ostaviti poginulog druga da padne u ruke neprijatelja."
13:18
And it's not a mindless mantra,
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I to nije besmislena mantra
13:20
and it's not a poem.
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i to nije pjesma.
13:22
It's a promise.
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To je obećanje.
13:24
Every Ranger promises every other Ranger,
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Svaki rendžer obećava drugom rendžeru
13:26
"No matter what happens, no matter what it costs me,
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bez obzira što se dogodilo, bez obzira koliko me to koštalo,
13:29
if you need me, I'm coming."
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ukoliko me trebaš, stižem.
13:32
And every Ranger gets that same promise
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I svaki rendžer dobije to isto obećanje
13:34
from every other Ranger.
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od drugog rendžera.
13:36
Think about it. It's extraordinarily powerful.
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Razmislite o tome. To je nevjerojatno moćno.
13:38
It's probably more powerful than marriage vows.
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To je vjerojatno moćnije nego bračni zavjeti.
13:43
And they've lived up to it, which gives it special power.
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I održali su ta obećanja, što im daje posebnu moć.
13:46
And so the organizational relationship that bonds them
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I tako je organizacijska povezanost koja ih veže
13:50
is just amazing.
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naprosto nevjerojatna.
13:52
And I learned personal relationships
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I naučio sam kako su osobne veze
13:54
were more important than ever.
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važnije nego ikada.
13:56
We were in a difficult operation in Afghanistan in 2007,
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Bili smo u teškoj operaciji u Afganistanu 2007. godine
13:59
and an old friend of mine,
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i moj stari prijatelj,
14:01
that I had spent many years
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s kojim sam proveo mnogo godina
14:03
at various points of my career with --
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u različitim točkama moje karijere --
14:05
godfather to one of their kids --
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krsni kum jednom od njihove djece --
14:08
he sent me a note, just in an envelope,
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poslao mi je obavijest, samo u kuverti,
14:11
that had a quote from Sherman to Grant
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koja je imala citat Shermana Granta
14:13
that said, "I knew if I ever got in a tight spot,
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koja je išla ovako, "Znao sam da ukoliko se nađem u teškoj situaciji,
14:16
that you would come, if alive."
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kako ćeš doći, ako budeš živ."
14:20
And having that kind of relationship, for me,
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I imajući takvu vrstu veze, za mene,
14:22
turned out to be critical at many points in my career.
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se ispostavilo kao kritičnim u mnogim točkama u mojoj karijeri.
14:25
And I learned that you have to give that
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I naučio sam kako morate to davati
14:27
in this environment,
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u ovoj okolini,
14:29
because it's tough.
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jer je teško.
14:32
That was my journey.
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To je bilo moje putovanje.
14:34
I hope it's not over.
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Nadam se kako nije završilo.
14:36
I came to believe
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Shvatio sam
14:38
that a leader isn't good because they're right;
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kako vođe nisu dobri jer su u pravu;
14:40
they're good because they're willing to learn and to trust.
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oni su dobri jer su voljni učiti i vjerovati.
14:45
This isn't easy stuff.
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To nije lako.
14:48
It's not like that electronic abs machine
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To nije poput one elektroničke sprave za trbušne mišiće
14:50
where, 15 minutes a month, you get washboard abs.
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gdje za, 15 minuta mjesečno, dobijete savršene trbune mišiće.
14:52
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
14:54
And it isn't always fair.
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I nije uvijek pravedno.
14:57
You can get knocked down,
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Mogu vas srušiti
15:00
and it hurts
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i to boli
15:02
and it leaves scars.
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i ostavlja ožiljke.
15:05
But if you're a leader,
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Ali ukoliko ste vođa,
15:07
the people you've counted on
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ljudi na koje računate
15:10
will help you up.
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će vam pomoći.
15:12
And if you're a leader,
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I ukoliko ste vođa,
15:15
the people who count on you need you on your feet.
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ljudi koji računaju na vas žele da opet budete na nogama.
15:18
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
15:20
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Stanley McChrystal - Military leaderGeneral Stanley McChrystal is the former commander of U.S. and International forces in Afghanistan. A four-star general, he is credited for creating a revolution in warfare that fuses intelligence and operations.
Why you should listen
With a remarkable record of achievement, General Stanley McChrystal has been praised for creating a revolution in warfare that fused intelligence and operations. A four-star general, he is the former commander of U.S. and international forces in Afghanistan and the former leader of Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC), which oversees the military’s most sensitive forces. McChrystal’s leadership of JSOC is credited with the December 2003 capture of Saddam Hussein and the June 2006 location and killing of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, the leader of al-Qaeda in Iraq. McChrystal, a former Green Beret, is known for his candor.
After McChrystal graduated from West Point, he was commissioned as an infantry officer, and spent much of his career commanding special operations and airborne infantry units. During the Persian Gulf War, McChrystal served in a Joint Special Operations Task Force and later commanded the 75th Ranger Regiment. He completed year-long fellowships at Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government in 1997 and in 2000 at the Council on Foreign Relations. In 2002, he was appointed chief of staff of military operations in Afghanistan. Two years later, McChrystal was selected to deliver nationally televised Pentagon briefings about military operations in Iraq. From 2003 to 2008, McChrystal commanded JSOC and was responsible for leading the nation’s deployed military counter-terrorism efforts around the globe. He assumed command of all International Forces in Afghanistan in June 2009. President Obama’s order for an additional 30,000 troops to Afghanistan was based on McChrystal’s assessment of the war there. McChrystal retired from the military in August 2010.
Stanley McChrystal | Speaker | TED.com