TEDxZurich 2011
Sebastian Wernicke: 1,000 TED Talks in six words
Sebastian Wernicke: 1.000 Presentasi TED, 6 kata
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Sebastian Wernicke berpikir setiap presentasi TED dapat dirangkum dalam 6 kata. Di TEDxZurich, dia menunjukkan bagaimana cara melakukannya -- dan lebih sedikit lagi.
Sebastian Wernicke - Data scientist
After making a splash in the field of bioinformatics, Sebastian Wernicke moved on to the corporate sphere, where he motivates and manages multidimensional projects. Full bio
After making a splash in the field of bioinformatics, Sebastian Wernicke moved on to the corporate sphere, where he motivates and manages multidimensional projects. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
There's currently over a thousand TEDTalks on the TED website.
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Saat ini ada lebih dari 1.000 presentasi di situs TED.
00:19
And I guess many of you here
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Dan saya rasa banyak dari Anda disini
00:22
think that this is quite fantastic --
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yang berpikir hal ini luar biasa --
00:24
except for me. I don't agree with this.
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kecuali saya, saya tidak setuju.
00:26
I think we have a situation here.
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Saya pikir ada masalah di sini.
00:28
Because if you think about it, 1,000 TEDTalks,
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Karena jika Anda pikirkan sejenak, ada 1.000 presentasi TED,
00:31
that's over 1,000 ideas worth spreading.
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yang berarti ada lebih dari 1.000 gagasan yang layak untuk disebarluaskan.
00:34
How on earth
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Bagaimana mungkin
00:36
are you going to spread a thousand ideas?
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kita akan menyebarluaskan 1.000 gagasan?
00:38
Even if you just try to get all of those ideas into your head
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Bahkan hanya untuk memasukkan semua itu ke dalam kepala Anda
00:40
by watching all those thousand TED videos,
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dengan menyaksikan seluruh video TED itu,
00:42
it would actually currently take you
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akan menghabiskan waktu
00:45
over 250 hours to do so.
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lebih dari 250 jam.
00:47
And I did a little calculation of this.
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Dan saya melakukan sedikit perhitungan.
00:49
The damage to the economy for each one who does this
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Kerugian ekonomi dari setiap orang yang melakukan hal ini
00:52
is around $15,000.
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sekitar 15.000 dolar.
00:54
So having seen this danger to the economy,
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Jadi, dengan melihat bahaya hal ini pada ekonomi,
00:57
I thought, we need to find a solution to this problem.
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saya pikir kita harus mencari jalan keluar dari masalah ini.
01:00
Here's my approach to it all.
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Inilah yang saya lakukan.
01:02
If you look at the current situation,
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Jika Anda melihat pada situasi saat ini,
01:04
you have a thousand TEDTalks.
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ada 1.000 presentasi TED.
01:06
Each of those TEDTalks has an average length
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Setiap presentasi TED terdiri dari
01:08
of about 2,300 words.
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2.300 kata.
01:10
Now take this together
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Lalu dengan mengalikan hal ini,
01:12
and you end up with 2.3 million words of TEDTalks,
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Anda memiliki 2,3 juta kata dari presentasi TED,
01:15
which is about three Bibles-worth of content.
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yang kira-kira setara dengan 3 kali lipat isi Alkitab.
01:18
The obvious question here is,
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Pertanyaan yang sudah jelas adalah
01:20
does a TEDTalk really need 2,300 words?
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apakah setiap presentasi TED harus memiliki 2.300 kata?
01:23
Isn't there something shorter?
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Tak adakah yang lebih singkat?
01:25
I mean, if you have an idea worth spreading,
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Maksud saya, jika ada gagasan yang layak disebarkan
01:27
surely you can put it into something shorter
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tentu Anda bisa membuatnya lebih sedikit
01:29
than 2,300 words.
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dari 2.300 kata.
01:31
The only question is, how short can you get?
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Pertanyaannya adalah, seberapa singkat?
01:33
What's the minimum amount of words
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Berapa jumlah kata paling sedikit
01:35
you would need to do a TEDTalk?
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yang Anda perlukan untuk sebuah presentasi TED?
01:37
While I was pondering this question,
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Saat saya merenungkan pertanyaan ini,
01:39
I came across this urban legend about Ernest Hemingway,
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saya menemukan legenda kota ini mengenai Ernest Hemingway,
01:42
who allegedly said that these six words here:
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yang tampaknya mengatakan bahwa 6 kata ini:
01:45
"For sale: baby shoes, never worn,"
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"Dijual, sepatu bayi, tidak pernah dipakai,"
01:48
were the best novel he had ever written.
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adalah novel terbaik yang pernah dia tulis.
01:51
And I also encountered a project called Six-Word Memoirs
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Saya juga menemukan proyek bernama "Riwayat Enam Kata"
01:53
where people were asked,
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di mana orang-orang diminta
01:55
take your whole life and please sum this up into six words, such as these here:
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untuk menceritakan hidupnya dalam 6 kata, seperti hal-hal berikut:
01:58
"Found true love, married someone else."
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"Menemukan cinta sejati, menikahi orang lain."
02:00
Or "Living in existential vacuum; it sucks."
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Atau, "Hidup yang kosong tanpa makna, itu menyebalkan."
02:03
I actually like that one.
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Saya menyukai yang satu itu.
02:05
So if a novel can be put into six words
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Jadi jika sebuah novel dapat dirangkum dalam 6 kata
02:08
and a whole memoir can be put into six words,
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dan sebuah riwayat manusia dapat dirangkum dalam 6 kata,
02:11
you don't need more than six words for a TEDTalk.
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Anda tidak perlu lebih dari 6 kata untuk presentasi TED.
02:14
We could have been done by lunch here.
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Kita bisa selesai sebelum makan siang.
02:16
I mean ...
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Maksud saya ...
02:19
And if you did this for all thousand TEDTalks,
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Dan jika kita melakukannya pada seluruh presentasi TED,
02:21
you would get from 2.3 million words down to 6,000.
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maka 2,3 juta kata itu berkurang menjadi 6.000 kata.
02:24
So I thought this was quite worthwhile.
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Jadi saya rasa ini cukup bermanfaat.
02:26
So I started asking all my friends,
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Jadi saya mulai mengajak teman-teman asya
02:28
please take your favorite TEDTalk and put that into six words.
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untuk merangkum presentasi TED favorit mereka ke dalam 6 kata.
02:31
So here are some of the results that I received. I think they're quite nice.
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Lalu inilah beberapa hasil yang saya terima. Saya rasa cukup menarik.
02:33
For example, Dan Pink's talk on motivation,
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Contohnya, presentasi Dan Pink tentang motivasi
02:35
which was pretty good if you haven't seen it:
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bagi Anda yang belum pernah melihat, presentasi ini cukup bagus:
02:37
"Drop carrot. Drop stick. Bring meaning."
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"Jatuhkan wortel. Jatuhkan tongkat, Berilah makna."
02:39
It's what he's basically talking about in those 18 and a half minutes.
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Itulah yang dia katakan selama 18 setengah menit.
02:42
Or some even included references to the speakers,
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Bahkan beberapa memasukkan acuan pada pembicaranya
02:44
such as Nathan Myhrvold's speaking style,
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seperti gaya bicara Nathan Myhrvold
02:46
or the one of Tim Ferriss,
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atau Tim Feriss
02:48
which might be considered a bit strenuous at times.
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yang kadang-kadang mungkin dapat dianggap berat.
02:51
The challenge here is, if I try to systematically do this,
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Tantangannya adalah, jika saya mencoba melakukannya secara sistematis
02:54
I would probably end up with a lot of summaries,
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mungkin akhirnya saya akan mendapat banyak rangkuman
02:56
but not with many friends in the end.
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namun saya tidak akan punya banyak teman lagi di akhir.
02:58
So I had to find a different method,
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Jadi saya harus mencari metode yang berbeda
03:00
preferably involving total strangers.
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di mana saya melibatkan orang asing.
03:02
And luckily there's a website for that called Mechanical Turk,
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Dan untungnya ada situs untuk itu yang disebut "Mechanical Turk,"
03:05
which is a website where you can post tasks
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situs di mana Anda dapat menempatkan tugas
03:07
that you don't want to do yourself,
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yang tidak ingin Anda lakukan
03:09
such as "Please summarize this text for me in six words."
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seperti, "Rangkumlah naskah ini untuk saya dalam 6 kata."
03:12
And I didn't allow any low-cost countries to work on this,
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Saya tidak memperbolehkan negara dengan biaya rendah untuk melakukannya,
03:15
but I found out I could get a six-word summary for just 10 cents,
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namun saya menemukan bahwa saya dapat membuat ringkasan 6 kata ini dengan 10 sen,
03:19
which I think is a pretty good price.
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yang saya pikir cukup murah.
03:21
Even then, unfortunately,
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Sayangnya, walaupun demikian
03:23
it's not possible to summarize each TEDTalk individually.
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tidak mungkin merangkum setiap presentasi TED sendiri-sendiri.
03:26
Because if you do the math, you have a thousand TEDTalks,
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Karena jika dihitung, ada 1.000 presentasi TED,
03:28
the pay 10 cents each;
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setiap presentasi 10 sen,
03:30
you have to do more than one summary for each of those talks,
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Anda harus membuat lebih dari 1 rangkuman untuk masing-masing presentasi
03:33
because some of them will probably be, or are, really bad.
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karena beberapa di antaranya mungkin, atau pasti, sangat buruk.
03:36
So I would end up paying hundreds of dollars.
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Jadi akhirnya saya harus membayar ratusan dolar.
03:39
So I thought of a different way
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Saya mencari cara yang berbeda
03:41
by thinking, well, the talks revolve around certain themes.
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dengan berpikir, mungkin presentasi itu ada pada tema tertentu.
03:44
So what if I don't let people summarize
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Jadi bagaimana jika saya tidak menyuruh orang
03:46
individual TEDTalks to six words,
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merangkum setiap presentasi TED,
03:48
but give them 10 TEDTalks at the same time
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namun memberikan 10 presentasi TED sekaligus
03:50
and say, "Please do a six-word summary for that one."
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dan berkata, "Tolong rangkum ini dalam 6 kata."
03:53
I would cut my costs by 90 percent.
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Biaya saya akan berkurang hingga 90 persen.
03:55
So for $60,
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Jadi dengan 60 dolar
03:58
I could summarize a thousand TEDTalks
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saya dapat merangkum 1.000 presentasi TED
04:00
into just 600 summaries,
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menjadi 600 rangkuman,
04:02
which would actually be quite nice.
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yang sebenarnya cukup bagus.
04:04
Now some of you might actually right now be thinking,
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Kini beberapa dari Anda mungkin berpikir.
04:06
It's downright crazy to have 10 TEDTalks summarized into just six words.
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Sebenarnya cukup gila untuk merangkum 10 presentasi TED dalam hanya 6 kata saja.
04:09
But it's actually not,
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Namun sebenarnya tidak,
04:11
because there's an example by statistics professor, Hans Rosling.
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karena ada sebuah contoh dari profesor statistik, Hans Rosling.
04:14
I guess many of you have seen one or more of his talks.
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Saya rasa banyak dari Anda telah melihat presentasinya.
04:16
He's got eight talks online,
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Dia memiliki 8 presentasi online
04:18
and those talks can basically be summed up into just four words,
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dan presentasi itu dapat dirangkum hanya dalam 4 kata,
04:21
because that's all he's basically showing us,
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karena pada dasarnya itulah yang dia tunjukkan,
04:23
our intuition is really bad.
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"intuisi kita sangatlah buruk."
04:25
He always proves us wrong.
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Dia selalu membuktikan kalau kita salah.
04:27
So people on the Internet, some didn't do so well.
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Beberapa orang di Internet hasil kerjanya tidak terlalu bagus.
04:30
I mean, when I asked them to summarize the 10 TEDTalks at the same time,
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Maksud saya, saat mereka diminta merangfkum 10 presentasi TED sekaligus
04:32
some took the easy route out.
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beberapa mengambil jalan pintas.
04:34
They just had some general comment.
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Mereka hanya memberi komentar yang umum.
04:37
There were others, and I found this quite cheeky.
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Yang lainnya, saya rasa mereka cukup tidak tahu malu.
04:40
They used their six words to talk back to me
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Mereka menulis 6 kata untuk mengolok saya
04:42
and ask me if I'd been too much on Google lately.
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dan bertanya jika saya terlalu banyak menggunakan Google.
04:46
And finally also, I never understood this,
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Dan akhirnya, saya juga tidak bisa memahaminya,
04:49
some people really came up with their own version of the truth.
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namun beberapa orang menulis versi mereka sendiri.
04:52
I don't know any TEDTalk that contains this.
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Saya tidak tahu kalau ada presentasi TED yang membicarakan ini.
04:55
But, oh well. In the end, however,
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Namun pada akhirnya
04:57
and this is really amazing,
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dan ini benar-benar luar biasa,
04:59
for each of those 10 TEDTalk clusters that I submitted,
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dari setiap 10 presentasi TED yang saya masukkan,
05:01
I actually received meaningful summaries.
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saya menerima banyak rangkuman yang bagus.
05:03
Here are some of my favorites.
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Inilah beberapa favorit saya.
05:05
For example, for all the TEDTalks around food,
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Sebagai contoh, dari semua presentasi TED tentang makanan,
05:07
someone summed this up into: "Food shaping body, brains and environment,"
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seseorang merangkumnya menjadi, "Makanan membentuk tubuh, otak, dan lingkungan,"
05:09
which I think is pretty good.
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yang saya rasa cukup bagus
05:11
Or happiness: "Striving toward happiness =
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Atau kebahagiaan, "Berjuang menuju kebahagiaan =
05:13
moving toward unhappiness."
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bergerak menuju ketidakbahagiaan."
05:15
So here I was.
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Lalu di sinilah posisi saya.
05:17
I had started out with a thousand TEDTalks
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Saya mulai dengan 1.000 presentasi TED
05:19
and I had 600 six-word summaries for those.
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dan mendapat 600 rangkuman enam kata untuk presentasi itu.
05:22
Actually it sounded nice in the beginning,
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Pada awalnya terdengar bagus,
05:24
but when you look at 600 summaries, it's quite a lot.
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namun saat Anda melihat 600 rangkuman itu, ternyata cukup banyak.
05:26
It's a huge list.
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Daftarnya panjang.
05:28
So I thought, I probably have to take this one step further here
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Jadi saya pikir, mungkin saya harus melangkah lebih jauh
05:32
and create summaries of the summaries -- and this is exactly what I did.
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dan membuat rangkuman dari rangkuman -- dan itulah yang saya lakukan.
05:35
So I took the 600 summaries that I had,
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Jadi saya mengambil 600 rangkuman itu
05:37
put them into nine groups
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dan memasukkannya ke dalam 9 kelompok
05:39
according to the ratings that the talks had originally received on TED.com
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menurut rating yang didapatkan dari TED.com
05:43
and asked people to do summaries of those.
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dan meminta orang-orang untuk membuat rangkumannya.
05:46
Again, there were some misunderstandings.
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Kembali, terjadi beberapa kesalahpahaman.
05:48
For example, when I had a cluster of all the beautiful talks,
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Sebagai contoh, pada presentasi yang mendapat rating "indah,"
05:50
someone thought I was just trying to find the ultimate pick-up line.
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seseorang mengira saya hanya mencoba mencari baris yang paling penting.
05:53
But in the end, amazingly,
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Namun pada akhirnya,
05:56
again, people were able to do it.
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kembali orang-orang dapat melakukannya.
05:58
For example, all the courageous TEDTalks:
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Contohnya, untuk semua presentasi TED dengan rating "berani:"
06:00
"People dying," or "People suffering," was also one,
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"Rakyat sekarat", atau "Rakyat menderita," juga,
06:02
"with easy solutions around."
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"namun jalan keluarnya mudah."
06:04
Or the recipe for the ultimate jaw-dropping TEDTalk:
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Atau resep untuk presetasi TED yang mencengangkan:
06:06
"Flickr photos of intergalactic classical composer."
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"Foto Flickr dari penggubah klasik antargalaksi."
06:09
I mean that's the essence of it all.
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Maksud saya, itulah inti dari semua hal ini.
06:12
Now I had my nine groups,
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Kini ada 9 kelompok presentasi,
06:14
but, I mean, it's already quite a reduction.
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pengurangannya sudah sangat besar.
06:17
But of course, once you are that far, you're not really satisfied.
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Namun tentu saja, setelah sejauh itu, Anda tidak akan merasa puas.
06:20
I wanted to go all the way, all the way down the distillery,
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Saya ingin meneruskannya, hingga akhir,
06:23
starting out with a thousand TEDTalks.
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yang dimulai dengan 1.000 presentasi TED.
06:25
I wanted to have a thousand TEDTalks summarized into just six words --
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Saya ingin 1.000 presentasi TED itu dirangkum dalam 6 kata --
06:28
which would be a 99.9997 percent reduction in content.
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sehingga isinya akan berkurang 99,9997 persen.
06:32
And I would only pay $99.50 --
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Dan saya hanya membayar 99,50 dolar --
06:35
so stay even below a hundred dollars for it.
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masih di bawah 100 dolar untuk melakukannya.
06:38
So I had 50 overall summaries done.
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Jadi seluruhnya ada 50 rangkuman.
06:40
This time I paid 25 cents
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Kali ini saya membayar 25 sen
06:42
because I thought the task was a bit harder.
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karena saya merasa tugas ini sedikit lebih sulit.
06:45
And unfortunately when I first received the answers --
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Dan sayangnya saat saya menerima rangkuman pertamanya --
06:47
and here you'll see six of the answers --
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di sini Anda melihat enam di antaranya --
06:49
I was a bit disappointed.
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saya agak kecewa.
06:51
Because I think you'll agree, they all summarize some aspect of TED,
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Karena saya pikir Anda juga setuju, mereka merangkum beberapa aspek dari TED,
06:54
but to me they felt a bit bland,
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namun bagi saya itu terasa lemah,
06:56
or they just had a certain aspect of TED in them.
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atau mereka hanya merangkum aspek tertentu dari TED.
06:59
So I was almost ready to give up
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Saya hampir menyerah
07:02
when one night I played around with these sentences
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saat pada suatu malam saya bermain dengan kata-kata ini
07:04
and found out that there's actually a beautiful solution in here.
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dan menemukan ada jalan keluar yang indah di sana.
07:08
So here it is,
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Jadi inilah dia,
07:11
a crowd-sourced, six-word summary of a thousand TEDTalks
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rangkuman 6 kata dari 1.000 presentasi TED dari berbagai sumber
07:15
at the value of $99.50:
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seharga 99,50 dolar.
07:18
"Why the worry? I'd rather wonder."
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"Mengapa khawatir? Lebih baik kagum."
07:20
Thank you very much.
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Terima kasih banyak.
07:22
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sebastian Wernicke - Data scientistAfter making a splash in the field of bioinformatics, Sebastian Wernicke moved on to the corporate sphere, where he motivates and manages multidimensional projects.
Why you should listen
Dr. Sebastian Wernicke is the Chief Data Scientist of ONE LOGIC, a data science boutique that supports organizations across industries to make sense of their vast data collections to improve operations and gain strategic advantages. Wernicke originally studied bioinformatics and previously led the strategy and growth of Seven Bridges Genomics, a Cambridge-based startup that builds platforms for genetic analysis.
Before his career in statistics began, Wernicke worked stints as both a paramedic and successful short animated filmmaker. He's also the author of the TEDPad app, an irreverent tool for creating an infinite number of "amazing and really bad" and mostly completely meaningless talks. He's the author of the statistically authoritative and yet completely ridiculous "How to Give the Perfect TEDTalk."
Sebastian Wernicke | Speaker | TED.com