TEDxZurich 2011
Sebastian Wernicke: 1,000 TED Talks in six words
Sebastian Wernicke: 1000 TEDTalkov, 6 slov
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Sebastian Wernicke si myslí, že sa každý TEDTalk dá zhrnúť do šiestich slov. Na TEDxZürrich ukazuje, ako presne to spraviť - a menej.
Sebastian Wernicke - Data scientist
After making a splash in the field of bioinformatics, Sebastian Wernicke moved on to the corporate sphere, where he motivates and manages multidimensional projects. Full bio
After making a splash in the field of bioinformatics, Sebastian Wernicke moved on to the corporate sphere, where he motivates and manages multidimensional projects. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
There's currently over a thousand TEDTalks on the TED website.
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V súčasnosti je na stránke TED viac než tisíc TEDTalkov.
00:19
And I guess many of you here
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A domnievam sa, že veľa z vás
00:22
think that this is quite fantastic --
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si myslí, že je to fantastické --
00:24
except for me. I don't agree with this.
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okrem mňa. Ja s tým nesúhlasím.
00:26
I think we have a situation here.
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Myslím, že tu máme nejakú situáciu.
00:28
Because if you think about it, 1,000 TEDTalks,
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Pretože ak o tom popremýšľate, 1000 TEDTalkov,
00:31
that's over 1,000 ideas worth spreading.
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to je viac než 1000 myšlienok hodných šírenia.
00:34
How on earth
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Ako, preboha,
00:36
are you going to spread a thousand ideas?
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budete šíriť tisíc myšlienok?
00:38
Even if you just try to get all of those ideas into your head
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Ak by ste sa aj pokúsili dostať všetky tie myšlienky do svojej hlavy
00:40
by watching all those thousand TED videos,
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pozeraním tých tisíc TED videí,
00:42
it would actually currently take you
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zabralo by vám to
00:45
over 250 hours to do so.
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viac než 250 hodín.
00:47
And I did a little calculation of this.
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Spravil som ohľadom toho pár výpočtov.
00:49
The damage to the economy for each one who does this
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Ekonomická strata pre každého z vás, kto by to spravil,
00:52
is around $15,000.
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by bola okolo $15,000.
00:54
So having seen this danger to the economy,
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Takže uvedomujúc si toto ekonomické nebezpečenstvo,
00:57
I thought, we need to find a solution to this problem.
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myslím, že potrebujeme nájsť riešenie problému.
01:00
Here's my approach to it all.
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Tu je môj pohľad na vec.
01:02
If you look at the current situation,
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Ak sa pozriete na súčasnú situáciu,
01:04
you have a thousand TEDTalks.
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máte tisíc TEDTalkov.
01:06
Each of those TEDTalks has an average length
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Každý z nich má priemernú dĺžku
01:08
of about 2,300 words.
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okolo 2300 slov.
01:10
Now take this together
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Teraz si to dajte dokopy
01:12
and you end up with 2.3 million words of TEDTalks,
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a dostanete 2,3 milióna slov v TEDTalkoch,
01:15
which is about three Bibles-worth of content.
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čo sú zhruba tri Biblie v plnom rozsahu.
01:18
The obvious question here is,
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Jasnou otázkou je,
01:20
does a TEDTalk really need 2,300 words?
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skutočne potrebuje TEDTalk 2300 slov?
01:23
Isn't there something shorter?
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Neexistuje niečo kratšie?
01:25
I mean, if you have an idea worth spreading,
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Myslím tým, že ak máte myšlienku hodnú šírenia,
01:27
surely you can put it into something shorter
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určite ju viete sformovať do niečoho kratšieho,
01:29
than 2,300 words.
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než je 2300 slov.
01:31
The only question is, how short can you get?
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Jedinou otázkou je, nakoľko krátke to môže byť?
01:33
What's the minimum amount of words
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Aké je minimum slov
01:35
you would need to do a TEDTalk?
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potrebných na TEDTalk?
01:37
While I was pondering this question,
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Kým som sa zaoberal touto otázkou,
01:39
I came across this urban legend about Ernest Hemingway,
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naďabil som na neuveriteľnú historku o Ernestovi Hemingwayovi,
01:42
who allegedly said that these six words here:
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ktorý údajne povedal, že týchto šesť slov:
01:45
"For sale: baby shoes, never worn,"
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"Na predaj: detské topánočky, nikdy nenosené,"
01:48
were the best novel he had ever written.
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boli najlepšou novelou, akú kedy napísal.
01:51
And I also encountered a project called Six-Word Memoirs
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A tiež som sa stretol s projektom zvaným Šesťslovné memoáre,
01:53
where people were asked,
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kde ľudí požiadali, aby zobrali celý svoj život
01:55
take your whole life and please sum this up into six words, such as these here:
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a zhrnuli ho do šiestich slov, ako sú tieto tu:
01:58
"Found true love, married someone else."
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"Našiel pravú lásku, vzal si inú."
02:00
Or "Living in existential vacuum; it sucks."
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Alebo "Život v existenciálnom vákuu: na nič."
02:03
I actually like that one.
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Ten sa mi ozaj páči.
02:05
So if a novel can be put into six words
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Takže ak novela môže mať šesť slov
02:08
and a whole memoir can be put into six words,
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a celý memoár môže mať šesť slov,
02:11
you don't need more than six words for a TEDTalk.
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nepotrebujete viac než šesť slov ani pre TEDTalk.
02:14
We could have been done by lunch here.
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Mohli by sme s tým byť hotoví do obeda.
02:16
I mean ...
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Myslím tým ...
02:19
And if you did this for all thousand TEDTalks,
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Ak by ste toto spravili so všetkými tisícimi TEDtalkami,
02:21
you would get from 2.3 million words down to 6,000.
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dospeli by ste z 2,3 milióna slov k 6000.
02:24
So I thought this was quite worthwhile.
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Myslel som, že sa to celkom oplatí.
02:26
So I started asking all my friends,
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Začal som teda prosiť všetkých svojich priateľov,
02:28
please take your favorite TEDTalk and put that into six words.
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prosím, vezmite si svoj obľúbený TEDTalk a dajte ho do šiestich slov.
02:31
So here are some of the results that I received. I think they're quite nice.
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Tu sú niektoré z výsledkov, ktoré som dostal. Myslím, že sú celkom pekné.
02:33
For example, Dan Pink's talk on motivation,
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Napríklad prednáška Dana Pinka o motivácii,
02:35
which was pretty good if you haven't seen it:
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ktorá bola vážne dobrá, ak ste ju nevideli:
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"Drop carrot. Drop stick. Bring meaning."
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"Pusti mrkvu. Pusti palicu. Prines zmysel."
02:39
It's what he's basically talking about in those 18 and a half minutes.
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To je to, o čom v podstate hovorí tých 18 a pol minúty.
02:42
Or some even included references to the speakers,
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Niektoré dokonca zahŕňali hodnotenia rečníkov,
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such as Nathan Myhrvold's speaking style,
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ako napríklad štýl reči Nathana Myhrvolda,
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or the one of Tim Ferriss,
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alebo štýl reči Tima Ferrissa,
02:48
which might be considered a bit strenuous at times.
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ktorý môže niekedy pôsobiť trochu vyčerpávajúco.
02:51
The challenge here is, if I try to systematically do this,
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Háčikom však je, že ak by som sa pokúsil robiť to systematicky,
02:54
I would probably end up with a lot of summaries,
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pravdepodobne by som skončil s množstvom zhrnutí,
02:56
but not with many friends in the end.
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ale nakoniec nie s veľa priateľmi.
02:58
So I had to find a different method,
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Takže som musel nájsť inú metódu,
03:00
preferably involving total strangers.
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zahŕňajúcu najmä cudzích ľudí.
03:02
And luckily there's a website for that called Mechanical Turk,
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Našťastie na to existuje webstránka nazývaná Mechanical Turk,
03:05
which is a website where you can post tasks
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čo je stránka, kde môžete poslať úlohy,
03:07
that you don't want to do yourself,
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ktoré sami nechcete robiť,
03:09
such as "Please summarize this text for me in six words."
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ako "Prosím, zhrňte pre mňa tento text do šiestich slov."
03:12
And I didn't allow any low-cost countries to work on this,
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Nedovolil som na tom pracovať ľuďom z rozvojových krajín,
03:15
but I found out I could get a six-word summary for just 10 cents,
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ale zistil som, že môžem dostať šesťslovný sumár len za 10 centov,
03:19
which I think is a pretty good price.
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čo si myslím, že je dosť dobrá cena.
03:21
Even then, unfortunately,
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Nanešťastie aj napriek tomu
03:23
it's not possible to summarize each TEDTalk individually.
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nie je možné sumarizovať každý TEDTalk individuálne.
03:26
Because if you do the math, you have a thousand TEDTalks,
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Pretože keď si to spočítate, máte tisíc TEDTalkov
03:28
the pay 10 cents each;
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a za každý treba zaplatiť 10 centov;
03:30
you have to do more than one summary for each of those talks,
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pre každý z TEDTalkov musíte spraviť viac než jedno zhrnutie,
03:33
because some of them will probably be, or are, really bad.
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pretože niektoré z nich pravdepodobne budú alebo sú naozaj zlé.
03:36
So I would end up paying hundreds of dollars.
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Takže by som skončil platením stoviek dolárov.
03:39
So I thought of a different way
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Rozmýšľal som teda nad iným spôsobom
03:41
by thinking, well, the talks revolve around certain themes.
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uvažujúc, že prednášky sa točia okolo určitých tém.
03:44
So what if I don't let people summarize
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Čo keby som teda ľudí nenechal sumarizovať
03:46
individual TEDTalks to six words,
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do šiestich slov jednotlivé TEDTalky,
03:48
but give them 10 TEDTalks at the same time
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ale dal by som im naraz 10
03:50
and say, "Please do a six-word summary for that one."
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a povedal, "Prosím, zhrňte to celé do šiestich slov."
03:53
I would cut my costs by 90 percent.
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Znížil by som svoje náklady o 90%.
03:55
So for $60,
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Takže by som za $60
03:58
I could summarize a thousand TEDTalks
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mohol zosumarizovať tisíc TEDTalkov
04:00
into just 600 summaries,
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do púhych 600 prehľadov,
04:02
which would actually be quite nice.
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ktoré by boli celkom dobré.
04:04
Now some of you might actually right now be thinking,
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Niektorí z vás si teraz môžu myslieť,
04:06
It's downright crazy to have 10 TEDTalks summarized into just six words.
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že je úplne šialené sumarizovať 10 TEDTalkov iba do šiestich slov.
04:09
But it's actually not,
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Ale v skutočnosti nie je,
04:11
because there's an example by statistics professor, Hans Rosling.
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pretože na to existuje príklad od profesora štastiky, Hansa Roslinga.
04:14
I guess many of you have seen one or more of his talks.
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Myslím, že veľa z vás videlo jednu alebo viac z jeho prednášok.
04:16
He's got eight talks online,
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Online ich je osem
04:18
and those talks can basically be summed up into just four words,
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a dajú sa jednoducho zhrnúť iba do štyroch slov,
04:21
because that's all he's basically showing us,
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lebo to je všetko, čo nám vlastne ukazuje,
04:23
our intuition is really bad.
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že naša intuícia je skutočne zlá.
04:25
He always proves us wrong.
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Vždy dokazuje, že sa mýlime.
04:27
So people on the Internet, some didn't do so well.
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Rovnako aj ľudia na internete, niektorým sa tak dobre nedarilo.
04:30
I mean, when I asked them to summarize the 10 TEDTalks at the same time,
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Myslím tým, že keď som ich požiadal zosumarizovať naraz 10 TEDtalkov,
04:32
some took the easy route out.
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niektorí si zvolili ľahšiu cestu.
04:34
They just had some general comment.
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Podali len nejaký základný komentár.
04:37
There were others, and I found this quite cheeky.
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Boli aj iní a to považujem za celkom drzé.
04:40
They used their six words to talk back to me
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Použili svojich šesť slov, aby sa mi prihovorili
04:42
and ask me if I'd been too much on Google lately.
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a spýtali sa ma, či som bol v poslednej dobe pridlho na Googli.
04:46
And finally also, I never understood this,
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A úplne na koniec - tomuto som nikdy neporozumel -
04:49
some people really came up with their own version of the truth.
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niektorí ľudia sa naozaj objavili so svojou vlastnou verziou pravdy.
04:52
I don't know any TEDTalk that contains this.
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Nepoznám žiadny TEDTalk, ktorý by obsahoval: "eBay a Amazon nemôžu predávať zdravý rozum."
04:55
But, oh well. In the end, however,
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Ale, nuž dobre. Nakoniec,
04:57
and this is really amazing,
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a toto je naozaj úžasné,
04:59
for each of those 10 TEDTalk clusters that I submitted,
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som pre každú zo skupín 10 TEDTalkov, ktoré som predložil,
05:01
I actually received meaningful summaries.
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dostal zrozumiteľné zhrnutie.
05:03
Here are some of my favorites.
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Tu sú niektoré z mojich obľúbených.
05:05
For example, for all the TEDTalks around food,
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Napríklad všetky TEDTalky o jedle
05:07
someone summed this up into: "Food shaping body, brains and environment,"
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niekto zhrnul do tohto: "Jedlo tvarujúce telo, mozgy a prostredie."
05:09
which I think is pretty good.
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o čom si myslím, že to je fakt dobré.
05:11
Or happiness: "Striving toward happiness =
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Alebo šťastie: "Bojovať proti šťastiu =
05:13
moving toward unhappiness."
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pohyb ku nešťastiu."
05:15
So here I was.
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V takejto situácii som teda bol.
05:17
I had started out with a thousand TEDTalks
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Začal som s tisíckou TEDTalkov
05:19
and I had 600 six-word summaries for those.
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a mal som pre ne 600 šesťslovných zhrnutí.
05:22
Actually it sounded nice in the beginning,
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V skutočnosti to na začiatku znelo pekne,
05:24
but when you look at 600 summaries, it's quite a lot.
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ale keď sa pozriete na 600 zhrnutí, je to ozaj dosť.
05:26
It's a huge list.
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Obrovský zoznam.
05:28
So I thought, I probably have to take this one step further here
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Myslel som teda, že by som tu mal asi spraviť ďalší krok
05:32
and create summaries of the summaries -- and this is exactly what I did.
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a vytvoriť sumáre sumárov - a to je presne to, čo som spravil.
05:35
So I took the 600 summaries that I had,
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Vzal som 600 zhrnutí, ktoré som mal,
05:37
put them into nine groups
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rozdelil som ich do deviatich skupín
05:39
according to the ratings that the talks had originally received on TED.com
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podľa hodnotení, ktoré prednášky pôvodne dostali na TED.com
05:43
and asked people to do summaries of those.
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a požiadal som ľudí, aby im spravili zhrnutia.
05:46
Again, there were some misunderstandings.
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Opäť sa vyskytli nedorozumenia.
05:48
For example, when I had a cluster of all the beautiful talks,
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Napríklad, keď som mal skupinu všetkých tých krásnych prednášok,
05:50
someone thought I was just trying to find the ultimate pick-up line.
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niekto si myslel, že som sa len pokúšal nájsť definitívnu baliacu frázu.
05:53
But in the end, amazingly,
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Ale nakoniec, na neuverenie,
05:56
again, people were able to do it.
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to ľudia znovu boli schopní urobiť.
05:58
For example, all the courageous TEDTalks:
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Napríklad všetky odvážne TEDTalky:
06:00
"People dying," or "People suffering," was also one,
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"Umierajúci ľudia," alebo "Trpiaci ľudia," bolo tiež jedno z nich,
06:02
"with easy solutions around."
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"s jednoduchými riešeniami okolo."
06:04
Or the recipe for the ultimate jaw-dropping TEDTalk:
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Alebo recept na TEDTalk, z ktorého vám padne sánka:
06:06
"Flickr photos of intergalactic classical composer."
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"Flickr fotky intergalaktického skladateľa klasickej hudby."
06:09
I mean that's the essence of it all.
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Chápete, to je ten nádych celej veci.
06:12
Now I had my nine groups,
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Teraz som mal svojich deväť skupín,
06:14
but, I mean, it's already quite a reduction.
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ale to už je celkom dobrá redukcia.
06:17
But of course, once you are that far, you're not really satisfied.
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Lenže samozrejme, keď ste už tak ďaleko, nie ste úplne spokojný.
06:20
I wanted to go all the way, all the way down the distillery,
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Chcel som prejsť celú cestu, celú tú cestu naprieč,
06:23
starting out with a thousand TEDTalks.
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začínajúc s tisíckou TEDTalkov.
06:25
I wanted to have a thousand TEDTalks summarized into just six words --
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Chcel som mať tisíc TEDTalkov zosumarizovaných do šiestich slov --
06:28
which would be a 99.9997 percent reduction in content.
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čo by bola 99,9997% redukcia obsahu.
06:32
And I would only pay $99.50 --
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A zaplatil by som za to len $99,50 -
06:35
so stay even below a hundred dollars for it.
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takže by som zostal pod hranicou 100 dolárov.
06:38
So I had 50 overall summaries done.
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Mal som teda hotových 50 celkových sumárov.
06:40
This time I paid 25 cents
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Tentokrát som zaplatil 25 centov,
06:42
because I thought the task was a bit harder.
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lebo si myslím, že tá úloha bola o trochu ťažšia.
06:45
And unfortunately when I first received the answers --
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A nanešťastie, keď som po prvýkrát dostal odpovede -
06:47
and here you'll see six of the answers --
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a tu vidíte šesť z nich -
06:49
I was a bit disappointed.
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bol som trochu sklamaný.
06:51
Because I think you'll agree, they all summarize some aspect of TED,
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Pretože si myslím, že budete súhlasiť - všetky sumarizujú nejaké aspekty TEDu,
06:54
but to me they felt a bit bland,
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ale mne pripadali trochu fádne.
06:56
or they just had a certain aspect of TED in them.
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Alebo v sebe mali len určitú stránku TEDu.
06:59
So I was almost ready to give up
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Už som bol takmer pripravený sa vzdať,
07:02
when one night I played around with these sentences
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keď som sa jednej noci s týmito vetami hral
07:04
and found out that there's actually a beautiful solution in here.
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a zistil som, že tam v skutočnosti existuje krásne riešenie.
07:08
So here it is,
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Tu teda je,
07:11
a crowd-sourced, six-word summary of a thousand TEDTalks
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dlho hľadané šesťslovné zhrnutie tisíca TEDtalkov
07:15
at the value of $99.50:
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v hodnote $99,50:
07:18
"Why the worry? I'd rather wonder."
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"Prečo sa trápiť? Ja radšej žasnem."
07:20
Thank you very much.
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Ďakujem veľmi pekne.
07:22
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sebastian Wernicke - Data scientistAfter making a splash in the field of bioinformatics, Sebastian Wernicke moved on to the corporate sphere, where he motivates and manages multidimensional projects.
Why you should listen
Dr. Sebastian Wernicke is the Chief Data Scientist of ONE LOGIC, a data science boutique that supports organizations across industries to make sense of their vast data collections to improve operations and gain strategic advantages. Wernicke originally studied bioinformatics and previously led the strategy and growth of Seven Bridges Genomics, a Cambridge-based startup that builds platforms for genetic analysis.
Before his career in statistics began, Wernicke worked stints as both a paramedic and successful short animated filmmaker. He's also the author of the TEDPad app, an irreverent tool for creating an infinite number of "amazing and really bad" and mostly completely meaningless talks. He's the author of the statistically authoritative and yet completely ridiculous "How to Give the Perfect TEDTalk."
Sebastian Wernicke | Speaker | TED.com