TED2019
Brandon Clifford: The architectural secrets of the world's ancient wonders
Brandon Clifford: Rahasia arsitektur keajaiban kuno dunia
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Bagaimana peradaban kuno berhasil memindahkan batu-batu raksasa untuk membangun Stonehenge, Piramida dan patung-patung Pulau Paskah? Dalam pembicaraan singkat dan sarat makna ini, "TED Fellow" Brandon Clifford, menguak tabir rahasia arsitektur masa lalu dan menggunakan teknik kreatif ini untuk membangun arsitektur di masa depan. Menurut Brandon, "Di era ketika bangunan dirancang hingga mampu bertahan sampai 30 tahun, bahkan 60 tahun, Saya ingin belajar membuat sesuatu yang bisa menghibur selamanya."
Brandon Clifford - Ancient technology architect
TED Fellow Brandon Clifford mines knowledge from the past to design new futures. Full bio
TED Fellow Brandon Clifford mines knowledge from the past to design new futures. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Do you think the things we build today
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Apakah Anda pikir sesuatu yang
kita bangun hari ini,
kita bangun hari ini,
00:15
will be considered wonders in the future?
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akan menjadi sebuah keajaiban di
masa depan?
masa depan?
00:19
Think of Stonehenge,
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Perhatikan Stonehenge,
00:20
the Pyramids,
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Piramida,
00:22
Machu Picchu and Easter Island.
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Machu Picchu dan Pulau Paskah.
00:26
Now, they're all pretty different
from what we're doing today,
from what we're doing today,
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Mereka sangat berbeda dengan
bangunan yang ada saat ini.
bangunan yang ada saat ini.
00:30
with those massive stones,
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Batu-batu raksasa,
00:32
assembled in complex
but seemingly illogical ways,
but seemingly illogical ways,
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dirakit sangat rumit,
tetapi tampak tidak masuk akal,
tetapi tampak tidak masuk akal,
00:38
and all traces of their construction
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dan seluruh jejak konstruksinya
00:41
erased,
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punah,
00:43
shrouding them in mystery.
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terselubung dalam misteri.
00:47
It seems like people could not
have possibly built these things,
have possibly built these things,
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Sepertinya tidak ada yang mampu
membuat bangunan seperti itu,
membuat bangunan seperti itu,
00:52
because people didn't.
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karena memang tidak.
00:54
They were carefully crafted
by a primordial race of giants
by a primordial race of giants
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Bangunan tersebut dibangun
oleh ras primordial raksasa,
oleh ras primordial raksasa,
00:59
known as Cyclops.
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yaitu "Cyclops".
01:00
(Laughter)
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(Tertawa)
01:01
And I've been collaborating
with these monsters
with these monsters
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Saya telah berkolaborasi
dengan monster ini,
dengan monster ini,
01:04
to learn their secrets
for moving those massive stones.
for moving those massive stones.
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untuk mempelajari rahasia mereka
memindahkan batu-batu raksasa itu.
memindahkan batu-batu raksasa itu.
01:08
And as it turns out,
Cyclops aren't even that strong.
Cyclops aren't even that strong.
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Ternyata, kekuatan "Cyclops"
tidak begitu besar.
tidak begitu besar.
01:13
They're just really smart
about getting material to work for them.
about getting material to work for them.
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Mereka hanya sangat pandai
memanfaatkan bahan-bahan untuk bekerja.
memanfaatkan bahan-bahan untuk bekerja.
01:19
Now, the videos you see behind me
of large, stone-like, wobbly creatures
of large, stone-like, wobbly creatures
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Dalam video ini Anda lihat
makhluk besar, mirip batu yang bergoyang.
makhluk besar, mirip batu yang bergoyang.
01:23
are the results of this collaboration.
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Mereka adalah hasil kolaborasi.
01:26
OK, so Cyclops might be
a mythical creature,
a mythical creature,
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Oke, jadi "Cyclops" mungkin
hanya makhluk mitos,
hanya makhluk mitos,
01:30
but those wonders are still real.
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tetapi keajaiban itu memang ada.
01:33
People made them.
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Orang-orang membuatnya.
01:35
But they also made the myths
that surround them,
that surround them,
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Tetapi mereka juga membuat mitos
yang melingkupinya,
yang melingkupinya,
01:39
and when it comes to wonders,
there's this thick connective tissue
there's this thick connective tissue
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dan ketika kita melihat keajaiban,
ada hubungan yang erat
ada hubungan yang erat
01:43
between mythology and reality.
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antara mitologi dan kenyataan.
01:47
Take Easter Island, for example.
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Sebagai contoh, Pulau Paskah.
01:49
When the Dutch explorers
first encountered the island,
first encountered the island,
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Ketika penjelajah Belanda pertama
kali menemukan pulau tersebut,
kali menemukan pulau tersebut,
01:53
they asked the people of Rapa Nui
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mereka bertanya kepada
bangsa Rapa Nui
bangsa Rapa Nui
01:55
how their ancestors could have possibly
moved those massive statues.
moved those massive statues.
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bagaimana nenek moyang mereka
memindahkan patung-patung raksasa itu.
memindahkan patung-patung raksasa itu.
01:59
And the Rapa Nui said,
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Dan bangsa Rapa Nui menjawab,
02:01
"Our ancestors didn't move the statues,
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"Nenek moyang kami tidak memindahkan
patung-patung itu,
patung-patung itu,
02:05
because the statues walked themselves."
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karena patung-patung itu berjalan sendiri"
02:09
For centuries, this was dismissed,
but actually it's true.
but actually it's true.
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Telah lama sekali hal ini diabaikan,
padahal benar adanya.
padahal benar adanya.
02:13
The statues, known as moai,
were transported standing,
were transported standing,
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Patung-patung "moai",
dipindahkan dengan posisi berdiri,
dipindahkan dengan posisi berdiri,
02:18
pivoting from side to side.
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berputar dari sisi ke sisi.
02:21
OK?
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Oke?
02:23
As spectacular as the moai are
for visitors today,
for visitors today,
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Seperti kesan spektakuler "moai"
bagi pengunjung saat ini,
bagi pengunjung saat ini,
02:27
you have to imagine being there then,
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Anda harus membayangkan berada di sana,
02:29
with colossal moai
marching around the island.
marching around the island.
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dengan "moai" raksasa berbaris
mengelilingi pulau.
mengelilingi pulau.
02:32
Because the real memorial
was not the objects themselves,
was not the objects themselves,
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Karena nilai sejarah yang sebenarnya
bukan berasal dari benda itu sendiri,
bukan berasal dari benda itu sendiri,
02:38
it was the cultural ritual
of bringing a stone to life.
of bringing a stone to life.
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tetapi dari ritual budaya
yang membuat batu itu menjadi hidup.
yang membuat batu itu menjadi hidup.
02:43
So as an architect,
I've been chasing that dream.
I've been chasing that dream.
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Sebagai seorang arsitek,
saya ingin mengejar mimpi itu.
saya ingin mengejar mimpi itu.
02:47
How can we shift our idea of construction
to accommodate that mythical side?
to accommodate that mythical side?
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Bagaimana mengubah ide konstruksi
untuk mendukung unsur mistis itu?
untuk mendukung unsur mistis itu?
02:53
So what I've been doing
is challenging myself
is challenging myself
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Saya menantang diri sendiri,
02:55
with putting on a series of performances
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dengan menempatkan serangkaian pertunjukan
02:58
of the ancient but
pretty straightforward task
pretty straightforward task
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tentang tugas kuno yang sangat mudah,
03:01
of just moving and standing
big heavy objects,
big heavy objects,
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hanya menggerakkan dan menahan
benda berat dan besar,
benda berat dan besar,
03:05
like this 16-foot-tall megalith
designed to walk across land
designed to walk across land
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seperti megalit setinggi 5 meter,
dirancang untuk berjalan melintasi daratan
dirancang untuk berjalan melintasi daratan
03:09
and stand vertically;
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dan berdiri vertikal;
03:12
or this 4,000-pound behemoth
that springs itself to life
that springs itself to life
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atau "behemoth" raksasa seberat 1.800 kg
yang tiba-tiba muncul ini,
yang tiba-tiba muncul ini,
03:16
to dance onstage.
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menari di atas panggung.
03:19
And what I've found is
that by thinking of architecture
that by thinking of architecture
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Saya menemukan pemikiran, bahwa arsitektur
03:23
not as an end product but as a performance
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bukan hanya sebagai produk akhir
tetapi sebagai pertunjukan
tetapi sebagai pertunjukan
03:26
from conception to completion,
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dari pembuatan konsep hingga
tahap penyelesaian,
tahap penyelesaian,
03:30
we end up rediscovering some really smart
ways to build things today.
ways to build things today.
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kita akhirnya kembali menemukan keahlian
untuk membangun sesuatu saat ini.
untuk membangun sesuatu saat ini.
03:35
You know, so much of the discussion
surrounding our future
surrounding our future
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Anda tahu, banyak diskusi
tentang masa depan kita
tentang masa depan kita
03:38
focuses on technology,
efficiency and speed.
efficiency and speed.
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berfokus pada teknologi,
efisiensi dan kecepatan.
efisiensi dan kecepatan.
03:42
But if I've learned anything from Cyclops,
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Tetapi yang saya pelajari dari "Cyclops",
03:44
it's that wonders
can be smart, spectacular
can be smart, spectacular
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keajaiban itu memang
cerdas, spektakuler
cerdas, spektakuler
03:48
and sustainable --
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dan berkesinambungan --
03:50
because of their mass and their mystery.
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karena adanya nilai ritual dan misteri.
03:54
And while people still want to know
how those ancient wonders were built,
how those ancient wonders were built,
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Ketika sebagian orang ingin mengetahui
bagaimana keajaiban kuno itu dibangun,
bagaimana keajaiban kuno itu dibangun,
03:57
I've been asking Cyclops
how to create the mystery
how to create the mystery
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Saya berguru kepada "Cyclops"
untuk menciptakan misteri,
untuk menciptakan misteri,
04:00
that compels people
to ask that very question.
to ask that very question.
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sehingga memaksa orang
bertanya hal penting itu.
bertanya hal penting itu.
04:04
Because in an era
where we design buildings
where we design buildings
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Karena di era, ketika
bangunan dirancang
bangunan dirancang
04:06
to last 30, maybe 60 years,
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untuk bertahan 30, bahkan 60 tahun,
04:09
I would love to learn
how to create something
how to create something
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Saya ingin belajar
menciptakan sesuatu
menciptakan sesuatu
04:12
that could entertain for an eternity.
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yang dapat menghibur untuk selamanya.
04:15
Thank you.
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Terima kasih.
04:16
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Brandon Clifford - Ancient technology architectTED Fellow Brandon Clifford mines knowledge from the past to design new futures.
Why you should listen
Brandon Clifford is best known for bringing megalithic sculptures to life to perform tasks. He is the director and cofounder of Matter Design, where his work focuses on advancing architectural research through spectacle and mysticism. He creates new ideas by critically evaluating ancient ways of thinking and experimenting with their value today. This work ranges from an award-winning play structure for kids to a colossal system of construction elements that can be guided into place with ease by mere mortals. He is dedicated to reimagining the role of the architect, and his speculative work continues to provoke new directions for design in the digital era.
Clifford is also an assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His most recent authored work, The Cannibal's Cookbook, demonstrates his dedication to bringing ancient knowledge into contemporary practice with theatrical captivation. He received his Master of Architecture from Princeton University and his Bachelor of Science in Architecture from Georgia Tech. For his work as a designer and researcher, he has received recognition with prizes such as the American Academy in Rome Prize, the SOM Prize, the Design Biennial Boston Award and the Architectural League Prize for Young Architects & Designers.
Brandon Clifford | Speaker | TED.com