ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Brandon Clifford - Ancient technology architect
TED Fellow Brandon Clifford mines knowledge from the past to design new futures.

Why you should listen

Brandon Clifford is best known for bringing megalithic sculptures to life to perform tasks. He is the director and cofounder of Matter Design, where his work focuses on advancing architectural research through spectacle and mysticism. He creates new ideas by critically evaluating ancient ways of thinking and experimenting with their value today. This work ranges from an award-winning play structure for kids to a colossal system of construction elements that can be guided into place with ease by mere mortals. He is dedicated to reimagining the role of the architect, and his speculative work continues to provoke new directions for design in the digital era.

Clifford is also an assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His most recent authored work, The Cannibal's Cookbook, demonstrates his dedication to bringing ancient knowledge into contemporary practice with theatrical captivation. He received his Master of Architecture from Princeton University and his Bachelor of Science in Architecture from Georgia Tech.  For his work as a designer and researcher, he has received recognition with prizes such as the American Academy in Rome Prize, the SOM Prize, the Design Biennial Boston Award and the Architectural League Prize for Young Architects & Designers.

More profile about the speaker
Brandon Clifford | Speaker | TED.com
TED2019

Brandon Clifford: The architectural secrets of the world's ancient wonders

Brandon Clifford: Les secrets de l'architecture des merveilles du monde antique

Filmed:
642,791 views

Comment les civilisations anciennes déplacèrent-elles d'énormes pierres pour construire Stonehenge, les Pyramides et les statues de l'Île de Pâques? Dans cette courte et charmante conversation, le TED Fellow Brandon Clifford révèle les secrets de l'architecture du passé et montre comment utiliser ces méthodes ingénieuses pour construire pour l'avenir. « A l'ère des constructions façonnées pour durer 30, peut-être 60 ans, » dit-il, « j'aimerais apprendre comment créer quelque chose qui puisse divertir pour l'éternité. »
- Ancient technology architect
TED Fellow Brandon Clifford mines knowledge from the past to design new futures. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
Do you think the things we buildconstruire todayaujourd'hui
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Nos constructions d'aujourd'hui
00:15
will be consideredpris en considération wondersmerveilles in the futureavenir?
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deviendront-elles des merveilles
à l'avenir ?
00:19
Think of StonehengeStonehenge,
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Pensez à Stonehenge,
00:20
the PyramidsPyramides,
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aux pyramides,
00:22
MachuMachu PicchuPicchu and EasterPâques IslandÎle.
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au Machu Picchu
et à l'Île de Pâques.
00:26
Now, they're all prettyjoli differentdifférent
from what we're doing todayaujourd'hui,
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Tous sont très différents
de ce que nous faisons aujourd'hui
00:30
with those massivemassif stonesdes pierres,
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avec leurs pierres gigantesques,
00:32
assembledassemblé in complexcomplexe
but seeminglyapparemment illogicalillogique waysfaçons,
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assemblées de façon complexe
et illogique à nos yeux,
00:38
and all tracestraces of theirleur constructionconstruction
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et toutes traces de leur construction
00:41
erasedeffacé,
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effacées,
00:43
shroudingenveloppement them in mysterymystère.
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les enveloppant de mystère.
00:47
It seemssemble like people could not
have possiblypeut-être builtconstruit these things,
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Il nous paraît impossible
que des hommes les aient construits,
00:52
because people didn't.
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car ce n'était pas le cas.
00:54
They were carefullysoigneusement craftedouvré
by a primordialprimordial racecourse of giantsgéants
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Ils furent édifiés avec soin
par une race primitive de géants
00:59
knownconnu as CyclopsCyclope.
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appelés les Cyclopes.
01:00
(LaughterRires)
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(Rires)
01:01
And I've been collaboratingen collaboration
with these monstersmonstres
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Et j'ai collaboré avec ces monstres,
01:04
to learnapprendre theirleur secretssecrets
for movingen mouvement those massivemassif stonesdes pierres.
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apprenant leurs secrets
pour déplacer ces énormes pierres.
01:08
And as it turnsse tourne out,
CyclopsCyclope aren'tne sont pas even that strongfort.
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Il s'avère que les Cyclopes
ne sont pas si forts que ça.
01:13
They're just really smartintelligent
about gettingobtenir materialMatériel to work for them.
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Ils sont juste très ingénieux
avec leurs matériaux.
01:19
Now, the videosvidéos you see behindderrière me
of largegrand, stone-likepierre-comme, wobblybancal creaturescréatures
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Les créatures pierreuses bancales
que vous voyez derrière moi
01:23
are the resultsrésultats of this collaborationcollaboration.
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sont le fruit de cette collaboration.
01:26
OK, so CyclopsCyclope mightpourrait be
a mythicalmythique creaturecréature,
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OK, les Cyclopes sont
des créatures mythiques,
01:30
but those wondersmerveilles are still realréal.
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mais ces merveilles sont bien réelles.
01:33
People madefabriqué them.
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Des gens les ont créées.
01:35
But they alsoaussi madefabriqué the mythsmythes
that surroundentourer them,
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Mais ils ont aussi créé
les mythes qui les entourent.
01:39
and when it comesvient to wondersmerveilles,
there's this thicképais connectiveconjonctif tissuetissu
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Et quand on parle de merveilles,
il y a un épais tissu connectif
01:43
betweenentre mythologymythologie and realityréalité.
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entre mythologie et réalité.
01:47
Take EasterPâques IslandÎle, for exampleExemple.
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L'Île de Pâques, par exemple.
01:49
When the DutchNéerlandais explorersexplorateurs
first encounteredrencontré the islandîle,
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Quand les explorateurs hollandais
découvrirent l'île,
01:53
they askeda demandé the people of RapaRapa NuiNui
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ils demandèrent aux habitants de Rapa Nui
01:55
how theirleur ancestorsles ancêtres could have possiblypeut-être
moveddéplacé those massivemassif statuesstatues.
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comment leurs ancêtres avaient pu déplacer
ces gigantesques statues.
01:59
And the RapaRapa NuiNui said,
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Les Rapa Nui ont répondu :
02:01
"Our ancestorsles ancêtres didn't movebouge toi the statuesstatues,
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« Nos ancêtres n'ont pas déplacé
les statues,
02:05
because the statuesstatues walkedmarcha themselvesse."
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les statues marchèrent d'elles-mêmes. »
02:09
For centuriesdes siècles, this was dismisseda rejeté,
but actuallyréellement it's truevrai.
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Pendant des siècles, cela fut rejeté,
mais c'était vrai.
02:13
The statuesstatues, knownconnu as moaiMoai,
were transportedtransportés standingpermanent,
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Les statues, appelées moais,
furent transportées debout,
02:18
pivotingpivotant from sidecôté to sidecôté.
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pivotant d'un côté à l'autre.
02:21
OK?
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OK ?
02:23
As spectacularspectaculaire as the moaiMoai are
for visitorsvisiteurs todayaujourd'hui,
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Les moais sont spectaculaires
pour les visiteurs d'aujourd'hui,
02:27
you have to imagineimaginer beingétant there then,
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mais imaginez-vous là-bas à l'époque
02:29
with colossalcolossale moaiMoai
marchingmarche around the islandîle.
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entourés de moais colossaux
marchant sur l'île.
02:32
Because the realréal memorialMémorial
was not the objectsobjets themselvesse,
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Car la vraie valeur n'était pas
dans les monuments eux-mêmes
02:38
it was the culturalculturel ritualrituel
of bringingapportant a stonepierre to life.
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mais dans le rituel permettant
aux pierres de prendre vie.
02:43
So as an architectarchitecte,
I've been chasingciselure that dreamrêver.
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En tant qu'architecte,
je poursuis ce rêve.
02:47
How can we shiftdécalage our ideaidée of constructionconstruction
to accommodateaccommoder that mythicalmythique sidecôté?
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Comment intégrer ce côté mythique
à notre vision de la construction ?
02:53
So what I've been doing
is challengingdifficile myselfmoi même
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Je me suis mis au défi
02:55
with puttingen mettant on a seriesséries of performancesles performances
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en organisant des représentations
02:58
of the ancientancien but
prettyjoli straightforwardsimple tasktâche
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sur le thème ancien, mais simple,
03:01
of just movingen mouvement and standingpermanent
biggros heavylourd objectsobjets,
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du déplacement et du redressement
d'objets lourds,
03:05
like this 16-foot-tall-le pied-hauteur megalithMegalith
designedconçu to walkmarche acrossà travers landterre
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comme ce mégalithe de cinq mètres
conçu pour marcher
03:09
and standsupporter verticallyverticalement;
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et se tenir debout ;
03:12
or this 4,000-pound-livre behemothBéhémoth
that springsressorts itselfse to life
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ou ce géant de deux tonnes
qui prend vie
03:16
to danceDanse onstagesur scène.
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pour dancer sur scène.
03:19
And what I've founda trouvé is
that by thinkingen pensant of architecturearchitecture
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En pensant à l'architecture
03:23
not as an endfin productproduit but as a performanceperformance
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comme à un spectacle
plutôt qu'un produit fini,
03:26
from conceptionconception to completionfin,
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de la conception à l'aboutissement,
03:30
we endfin up rediscoveringredécouvrant some really smartintelligent
waysfaçons to buildconstruire things todayaujourd'hui.
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on redécouvre des méthodes ingénieuses.
03:35
You know, so much of the discussiondiscussion
surroundingalentours our futureavenir
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Le débat sur notre avenir
03:38
focusesse concentre on technologyLa technologie,
efficiencyEfficacité and speedla vitesse.
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se concentre sur la technologie,
l'efficacité et la rapidité.
03:42
But if I've learnedappris anything from CyclopsCyclope,
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Mais les Cyclopes m'ont appris une chose :
03:44
it's that wondersmerveilles
can be smartintelligent, spectacularspectaculaire
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les merveilles sont
ingénieuses, spectaculaires
03:48
and sustainabledurable --
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et durables...
03:50
because of theirleur massMasse and theirleur mysterymystère.
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grâce à leur masse et leur mystère.
03:54
And while people still want to know
how those ancientancien wondersmerveilles were builtconstruit,
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Pendant que d'autres cherchent encore
comment on a construit ces merveilles,
03:57
I've been askingdemandant CyclopsCyclope
how to createcréer the mysterymystère
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j'ai demandé aux Cyclopes
comment créer le mystère
04:00
that compelsoblige people
to askdemander that very questionquestion.
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qui pousse à poser cette question.
04:04
Because in an eraère
where we designconception buildingsbâtiments
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A l'ère des constructions façonnées
04:06
to last 30, maybe 60 yearsannées,
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pour durer 30, peut-être 60 ans,
04:09
I would love to learnapprendre
how to createcréer something
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j'aimerais apprendre
comment créer quelque chose
04:12
that could entertaindivertir for an eternityéternité.
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qui puisse divertir pour l'éternité.
04:15
Thank you.
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Merci.
04:16
(ApplauseApplaudissements)
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(Applaudissements)
Translated by Cecile Janet
Reviewed by eric vautier

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Brandon Clifford - Ancient technology architect
TED Fellow Brandon Clifford mines knowledge from the past to design new futures.

Why you should listen

Brandon Clifford is best known for bringing megalithic sculptures to life to perform tasks. He is the director and cofounder of Matter Design, where his work focuses on advancing architectural research through spectacle and mysticism. He creates new ideas by critically evaluating ancient ways of thinking and experimenting with their value today. This work ranges from an award-winning play structure for kids to a colossal system of construction elements that can be guided into place with ease by mere mortals. He is dedicated to reimagining the role of the architect, and his speculative work continues to provoke new directions for design in the digital era.

Clifford is also an assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His most recent authored work, The Cannibal's Cookbook, demonstrates his dedication to bringing ancient knowledge into contemporary practice with theatrical captivation. He received his Master of Architecture from Princeton University and his Bachelor of Science in Architecture from Georgia Tech.  For his work as a designer and researcher, he has received recognition with prizes such as the American Academy in Rome Prize, the SOM Prize, the Design Biennial Boston Award and the Architectural League Prize for Young Architects & Designers.

More profile about the speaker
Brandon Clifford | Speaker | TED.com

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