Gwynne Shotwell: SpaceX's plan to fly you across the globe in 30 minutes
그윈 숏웰 (Gwynne Shotwell): 30분 만에 지구 횡단 비행을 하려는 SpaceX사의 계획
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
something crazy happened.
엄청난 일이 벌어졌는데요.
this caught so many people's attention?
세간의 이목이 집중되기도 했죠?
보시고, 이어서 말씀드릴게요.
for the beginning,
three, two, one.
발사되었습니다.
an important moment for SpaceX.
중요한 순간이었습니다.
and now the Falcon Heavy,
팔콘 헤비가 탄생했죠.
우주 궤도로 보낼 수 있습니다.
been conceived or is conceived right now.
어떤 화물이라도요.
of Falcon Heavy later this year,
팔콘 헤비 발사가 계획되어 있어
나란히 착륙하고 있습니다.
a thousand people
주변에 서서 지켜보고 있었어요.
추친체가 관심거리였죠.
why not put a Tesla into space?
테슬라를 우주로 보내는 게 당연하죠.
and President of SpaceX?
SpaceX 사장직까지 맡게 되었나요?
that the girls weren't doing.
하지 않는 일을 하기는 했죠.
when I was in third grade,
차의 작동원리를 묻곤 했죠.
a book, and I read it,
제게 책을 사주셨고, 그 책을 읽었죠.
out of my mechanical engineering degree
저의 첫 직장은 당연하게도
in the automotive industry.
not because of that book
그 책 때문이 아니라
to a Society of Women Engineers event,
행사에 데리고 간 일 때문이에요.
the mechanical engineer that spoke.
완전히 반해버렸거든요.
girl connects with.
from telling that story,
to be an engineer --
제가 공학자가 된 것이니
해야 한다고 생각했어요.
employee number seven at SpaceX,
일곱 번째 직원으로 입사하셨죠.
relationship with NASA,
사업 계약을 직접 맺으셨고요.
first three launches blew up.
모두 실패한 상황이었는데도 말이죠.
is all about relationships
인간관계에 달려 있죠.
with these customers.
맺는 게 중요합니다.
is selling your team,
to sell these days --
that any technical issue that they have
기술적 문제를 정확히 파악하고
you can address right away.
for me to be an engineer.
보탬이 되었던 것 같아요.
of running sales for Elon.
영업을 하는 데 도움이 되고 있습니다.
a big focus of the company
역점을 두고 있는 부분이
the service to NASA
올리냐 하는 것으로 말이죠.
come to the fore, here.
I'm a good sleeper, that's my best thing.
제가 자는 거 하나는 정말 잘해요.
to our flying crew
보낼 날이 다가오면
safety comes in the design
시스템의 설계에 관한 문제입니다.
to fly people on,
수년간 연구해 왔어요.
on this technology.
to be able to carry crew.
개량하고 있습니다.
engineering in these safety systems
안전 시스템에 관한 기술에
that actually allows instant escape
시스템(LES)이라고 하죠.
the launch escape system.
함께 보시죠.
시험 장면을 찍은 영상입니다.
of a test that we ran in 2015.
a really bad day on the pad.
모사한 경우인데요.
to get out of Dodge.
발사체와 분리시키고
멀리 벗어나도록 합니다.
another demonstration later this year
시험할 계획입니다.
with the rocket during flight.
생기는 경우에 대해서요.
potential function as well, eventually.
다른 중요한 탈출 기능이 있는 거군요.
for Dragon is pretty unique.
비상탈출 시스템은 꽤 독특합니다.
are integrated into the capsule,
캡슐에 통합되어 있습니다.
it pushes the capsule away.
캡슐을 사출시켜 멀리 보내죠.
have been like tractor pullers,
견인 방식이었어요
you can safely reenter that capsule,
견인 장치를 먼저 제거해야 하거든요.
that possibility of failure.
설계에서 제외시켰습니다.
the regular reusability of rockets
가능한 로켓을 만드는 것에는
space program, for example,
프로그램이 아닌데도
on the shoulders of giants. Right?
어깨에 올라서서 멀리 보았습니다.
and the developments to date,
that we had to include
기술조차도 갖고 있지 않았어요.
around legacy components
설계할 필요도 없었습니다.
or were particularly expensive,
비용도 특히 비쌌거든요.
drive the design of these systems.
시스템 설계를 할 수 있었습니다.
started from scratch.
기초적인 것부터 시작되었죠.
you let physics drive the design,
설계를 했다고 하셨는데요.
actually, of that,
수많은 사례가 있지만
the vehicle design
that we wanted to make.
it's a common dome design.
일반적인 돔 형태로 설계했습니다.
stacked together,
쌓아둔 형태와 같죠.
more payload for the same design.
더 많은 화물을 실을 수 있었습니다.
that we're flying right now
다른 장치 중 하나에는
liquid oxygen and densified RP,
고밀도 연료를 사용했습니다.
more propellent into the vehicle.
더 많은 연료를 실을 수 있었죠.
of margin to the vehicle,
많은 여유를 둘 수 있었고
of SpaceX 10 years ago, I think.
사장이 되신 것으로 아는데요.
so closely with Elon Musk?
일해보니 어떠신가요?
일하는 것에 만족해요.
this year, actually.
to do something for 16 years
16년이나 할 리가 없죠
him saying anything
best placed to answer this question,
답해주실 수 있을 거 같은데요.
on this strange unit of time
설명을 듣고 싶어요.
I asked Elon, you know,
질문을 하나 했습니다.
auto-drive across America,
미국을 횡단할 수 있을지 물었더니
if you take Elon time into account.
일론 타임을 고려하면 말이죠.
between Elon time and real time?
어느 정도 비율이 될까요?
in a unique position, Chris.
있는 거 같네요.
is very aggressive on his timelines,
굉장히 공격적인 건 사실이에요.
to do things better and faster.
그런 점이 우리로 하여금
빠르게 하도록 만들죠.
모든 돈을 들인다고 해서
and all the money in the world
to move quickly is really important.
압박을 주는 것도 무척 중요합니다.
하시는 거 같은 느낌인데요.
kind of a key intermediary role here.
that have their impact,
황당한 목표들을 세우고
might blow up a team
of saying, "Yes, Elon,"
"알겠어요. 일론" 이라고 말하면서
in a way that is acceptable
목표를 실현하는 거 같네요.
to your employees.
모두가 납득하도록 말이죠.
realizations for that.
중요한 두 가지 사실이 있습니다.
you have to pause
할 말을 잠시 멈춰야 합니다.
"Well, that's impossible,"
바로 대답해버리거나
to do that. I don't know how."
모르겠네요" 라고 말하면 안 되죠.
substantially harder.
상당히 굳건해진다는 거예요.
was to take these ideas
make them achievable,
실현할 수 있도록 만듭니다.
from this steep slope, get it comfortable.
안정적인 위치에 둬야 하는 거죠.
I felt like we were there,
people were getting comfortable,
안정과는 멀어집니다.
that that's his job,
그의 일이라는 걸 깨달았어요.
close to comfortable
안정되도록 하는 것이고요.
and put us back on that slope,
밀고 당길 수 있습니다.
더 좋아지기 시작해요.
that the conversation ratio
전환 비율을 생각해볼 때
2배 정도 될까요?
and you said it, I didn't.
당신이 한 말이지. 난 아니에요.
rumored to be working on,
있다는 소문이 있는데요.
thousands of low earth orbit satellites
거대한 연결망을 만들고
low-cost internet connection
you can tell us about this?
얘기해 주실 수 있나요?
about this particular project,
별로 언급하지 않고 있습니다.
one of the most challenging
될 수도 있기 때문입니다.
project we've undertaken.
for internet broadband,
거대한 별자리를 만드는 건데요.
is the difficulty here.
어려운 것도 아니라고 생각해요.
with the right technology solution,
제시할 수는 있을 겁니다.
about 10 billion dollars or more
not claiming victory yet.
obviously, if that happened to the world,
그 영향은 명백히..
획기적인 영향을 미칠 것입니다.
would be pretty radical,
if suddenly everyone can connect cheaply.
쓰게 된다면, 많은 것이 변화하겠죠.
it'll change the world.
on the planning is it,
number of satellites in orbit.
엄청나게 증가할 거라는 건데요.
there's no question --
당연합니다.
are pretty devastating.
대단히 심각하기 때문입니다.
a bunch of particles in orbit
from being useful for decades or longer.
그 궤도는 쓸 수 없게 되겠죠.
our second stage after every mission
후속 조치가 뒤따르고 있습니다.
a rocket carcass orbiting earth.
남겨두는 것으로 끝나서는 안 되죠.
a good steward of that.
관리할 필요가 있습니다.
the remarkable success there
거두셨는데도 불구하고..
as your future development plan.
집중하고 계신 것이 아니잖아요.
to a much bigger rocket
CA: The Big Falcon Rocket, that's right.
CA: 빅 팔콘 로켓이요. 그렇군요.
in that incredible technology,
큰 비용을 투자하고도
to something much bigger. Why?
이유가 뭔가요?
교훈을 얻었어요.
been developing these launch systems.
개발하는 과정에서 말이죠.
a new product before we've been able
사람들을 설득하고 싶지 않습니다.
is the product that they should move to,
the Big Falcon Rocket now,
개발하고 있지만
flying Falcon 9s and Falcon Heavies
계속 쏘아 올릴 거예요.
widespread acceptance of BFR.
있을 때까지 말입니다.
Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy
to take humanity to Mars?
BFR이 필요하다는 논리셨잖아요?
other business ideas for this.
뭔가 다른 사업 구상도 있는 거죠?
that we're currently taking to orbit
위성을 실어 보낼 수 있습니다
of satellites to be delivered to orbit.
궤도에 올릴 수 있을 거예요.
of the fairing is eight meters,
지름이 8m 정도입니다.
what giant telescopes
in that cargo bay,
화물칸에 넣을 수 있겠죠.
하게 될 겁니다.
residual capabilities
GS: It's a residual capability.
GS: 네, 재사용 기술이요.
Talk about what the heck this is.
여기에 대해 잠시 말씀해주시죠.
어쨌든 자랑할만한 건
the Statue of Liberty in it,
들어갈 정도의 규모입니다.
of that Falcon Heavy Rocket.
어느 정도인지 가늠이 되시죠?
there are 27 engines there.
참여했다는 거군요.
inventing ever bigger rockets,
한 조를 이루도록 한 거네요.
멀린 엔진을 개발했어요.
for the Falcon 1 launch vehicle.
기존 엔진을 제쳐두고
for the Falcon 9.
엔진을 만들 수도 있었겠죠.
something different,
있다는 뜻이거든요.
새로운 엔진을 개발하는 대신에
on a brand new engine,
on the back end of Falcon 9.
팔콘9에 장착했습니다.
glue three Falcon 9s together
가장 큰 상용 로켓을 얻게 된 거죠.
operational rocket flying.
than starting from scratch.
훨씬 효율적인 방법이었습니다.
of how much bigger than that,
얼마나 큰 건가요?
two and half times the size of this.
크기가 2.5배 정도 될 겁니다.
그래서 가능하게 된 것이..
this video that we're about to play here.
영상이 곧 나올 건데요.
위해 만든 것인데요.
space travel for earthlings.
is we're going to fly BFR like an aircraft
비행기처럼 운용하는 건데요.
다른 지점으로 이동하는 거죠.
from New York City or Vancouver
반 바퀴 날아가는 거죠.
half an hour or 40 minutes,
30분에서 40분이면 됩니다.
yeah, it's so awesome.
네. 정말 끝내주죠.
is actually the boat out and back.
배로 들어가고 나오는 시간일 거예요.
this is awesome, but it's crazy, right?
말도 안 되잖아요.
going to happen.
to accept this incoming missile --
국가가 허용하는 게 우선이죠.
us trying to convince a federal range,
공군 기지에 착륙하게 하면 되잖아요?
regularly, right?
착륙시키고 있거든요.
on federal property on an Air Force base.
it's only five kilometers out from a city.
5km 정도 떨어진 곳이 될 겁니다.
그 우주 비행 비용을 댈 수 있을까요?
can possibly afford the fortune
roughly a hundred passengers.
대략 100명 정도가 될 겁니다.
about the business.
매우 비쌀 것으로 생각하죠.
are really expensive,
with airline tickets here?
if I can do this trip
가능하다고 생각해보세요.
can only make one of those flights a day.
하루에 한 편밖에 없죠.
was slightly more expensive
a little bit more expensive,
what they're running in a day,
최소 10배 더 운행이 가능합니다.
that I need to out of that system.
수익을 낼 수 있어요.
to be deployed at some point
이것이 실현될 것으로 믿고 계시네요.
아니면 일론 타임인가요?
I'm sure Elon will want us to go faster.
일론이라면 더 빠르다고 했을 거예요.
because I travel a lot
돌아다니는 걸 싫어하거든요.
my customers in Riyadh,
즐겁게 만날 수 있을 겁니다.
and be back in time to make dinner.
돌아올 수 있을 테니까요.
an economy price ticket,
이코노미석 항공권 가격으로
per person to fly New York to Shanghai.
1인당 200달러 정도면 될까요?
economy and business,
중간 가격 정도가 될 거예요.
that is definitely something.
분명히 장사 되겠어요.
of BFR is being developed
다른 것도 개발하고 있잖아요?
quite a detailed, sort of, picture
그려놓고 있는 거 같은데요.
this is a cropped video
몇 가지 더 추가했습니다.
there's a couple of new bits to it.
to lift off from a pad,
발사대에서 이륙 준비를 하고요.
the Big Falcon Spaceship.
빅 팔콘 우주선이라고 합니다.
the spaceship off in orbit,
우주선은 궤도에 들어갑니다.
we're returning boosters right now.
같은 방식으로 귀환합니다.
but we're working on the pieces,
이 부분은 이미 개발 중이에요.
on the pad that we launched from.
다시 돌아와서 착륙한다는 거예요.
선박 위에 내리도록 하고 있습니다.
or we land out on a boat.
궤도로 올립니다.
refuel the spaceship,
우주선에 연료를 채웁니다.
go to Mars at one time,
화성까지 가는 거네요.
6개월? 아니면 두 달이요?
on how big the rocket is.
and we'll continue to make
will land the first human on Mars?
화성에 인간을 보내게 될까요?
from the point-to-point.
비슷한 시기가 될 거 같은데요.
not this decade.
2010년대가 아니라.
또 10년 안이네요.
진지하게요, 이유가 뭐죠?
where this is the official stated mission.
공식적으로 발표했잖아요.
bought into that mission,
주식을 사는 사람들도 있고요.
there's a lot of people around
사람들도 많아요.
you've got so much talent,
that need urgent attention.
가져야 할 문제가 많아요.
off to another planet?
도피 여행을 떠나려고만 하나요?
to expand our minds a little bit.
넓혀야 한다고 생각해요.
working on that.
회사들도 많습니다.
the most important things we possibly can,
하나를 다루고 있다고 생각해요.
for humans to live and survive and thrive.
번성할 새로운 장소를 찾는 일입니다.
필요할 테니까요.
for the human species.
위협을 줄이기 위한 것입니다.
and doing a better job taking care of it,
부정하려는 것은 아닙니다.
multiple paths to survival,
여러 방안이 필요합니다.
all earthlings don't die.
멸종되지 않는다고 하는 거죠.
that's a terrible reason to go do it.
그것이 이유라면 끔찍하죠.
it's another place to explore,
새로운 장소이기 때문입니다.
different from animals,
and sense of wonderment
in us moving to other solar systems
첫걸음이라는 겁니다.
I ever out-vision Elon,
이것이 유일한 것 같아요.
in other solar systems.
다른 사람들을 만나고 싶거든요.
a fixer-upper planet.
고칠 게 많은 행성이죠.
to make it habitable.
해야 할 일이 많죠.
다른 사람들을 찾고 싶어요.
or whatever they call themselves,
사람이라고 부를지 모르지만요.
amazing jobs on the planet.
일을 하고 계시네요.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Gwynne Shotwell - Space leaderAs president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations.
Why you should listen
Gwynne Shotwell joined SpaceX in 2002 as vice president of business development and built the Falcon vehicle family manifest to more than 70 launches, representing more than $10 billion in business. Shotwell is a member of the SpaceX Board of Directors.
Prior to joining SpaceX, Shotwell spent more than 10 years at the Aerospace Corporation, holding positions in space systems engineering and technology and project management. Shotwell was subsequently recruited to be director of Microcosm's space systems division, managing space system technologies, serving on the executive committee and directing corporate business development.
In 2014, Shotwell was appointed to the United States Export Import Bank's Advisory Committee and the Federal Aviation Administration’s Management Advisory Council. She has been awarded the World Technology Award for Individual Achievement in Space, has been inducted into the Women In Technology International Hall of Fame and was elected to the honorable grade of Fellow with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
SpaceX supports science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) programs locally as well as national engineering programs and competitions. Shotwell has helped raise over $1.4 million for STEM education programs reaching thousands of students nationwide.
Shotwell received, with honors, her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Northwestern University in mechanical engineering and applied mathematics, and she serves as both a University Trustee and a member of the Advisory Council for Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering. She has authored dozens of papers on a variety of space-related subjects.
Gwynne Shotwell | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com