Gwynne Shotwell: SpaceX's plan to fly you across the globe in 30 minutes
格威妮 · 紹特韋爾: SpaceX 計畫飛半小時就把你送到地球的另一端
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
something crazy happened.
發生了一件很瘋狂的事。
this caught so many people's attention?
因為它引起了好多人的注意?
for the beginning,
我還是先保持安靜,
three, two, one.
五、四 、三、二、一。
獵鷹重型運載火箭。
an important moment for SpaceX.
這是個非常重要的時刻。
and now the Falcon Heavy,
現在是獵鷹重型運載火箭,
been conceived or is conceived right now.
裝載量給發射到軌道上,
of Falcon Heavy later this year,
獵鷹重型運載火箭好幾次,
a thousand people
why not put a Tesla into space?
為什麼不把一台特斯拉車送上太空?
and President of SpaceX?
SpaceX 的工程師和總裁?
that the girls weren't doing.
when I was in third grade,
我三年級時請問她
a book, and I read it,
所以她給了我一本書,我讀了。
out of my mechanical engineering degree
機械工程學位之後的第一份工作,
in the automotive industry.
not because of that book
to a Society of Women Engineers event,
美國女工程師協會的一個活動,
the mechanical engineer that spoke.
girl connects with.
from telling that story,
to be an engineer --
成為工程師的原因──
employee number seven at SpaceX,
SpaceX 的第七號員工,
relationship with NASA,
建起了數十億美元的關係,
first three launches blew up.
前三次發射都失敗了。
is all about relationships
重點就在於關係,
with these customers.
is selling your team,
to sell these days --
that any technical issue that they have
若有任何技術問題
you can address right away.
for me to be an engineer.
是有幫助的。
of running sales for Elon.
做銷售的角色也有幫助。
a big focus of the company
the service to NASA
come to the fore, here.
安全考量是很重要的。
I'm a good sleeper, that's my best thing.
我很貪睡,那是我最擅長的。
to our flying crew
對我們的飛行組員來說,
safety comes in the design
to fly people on,
on this technology.
to be able to carry crew.
engineering in these safety systems
一直在打造這些安全系統,
that actually allows instant escape
the launch escape system.
咱們來展示一下。
做測試的影片。
of a test that we ran in 2015.
a really bad day on the pad.
出問題的狀況。
to get out of Dodge.
another demonstration later this year
還會做另一項展示,
with the rocket during flight.
出問題要怎麼辦。
potential function as well, eventually.
也有另一個潛在功能。
for Dragon is pretty unique.
發射逃脫系統相當獨特。
are integrated into the capsule,
都被整合到太空艙上,
it pushes the capsule away.
它就會把太空艙推射出去。
have been like tractor pullers,
都像是拖拉牽引機一樣,
you can safely reenter that capsule,
你才能夠安全地重返太空艙,
that possibility of failure.
就除去那種失敗的可能性。
the regular reusability of rockets
已經讓火箭能夠重複利用,
space program, for example,
on the shoulders of giants. Right?
站在巨人的肩膀上,對吧?
and the developments to date,
以及到目前為止的發展,
that we had to include
around legacy components
or were particularly expensive,
drive the design of these systems.
來引領這些系統的設計。
started from scratch.
有些其他計畫是從零開始。
you let physics drive the design,
讓物理引領設計,
actually, of that,
the vehicle design
that we wanted to make.
it's a common dome design.
它是常見的半球形設計。
stacked together,
兩個啤酒灌疊在一起,
more payload for the same design.
有更高的裝載量。
that we're flying right now
所用到的其他元素之一,
liquid oxygen and densified RP,
more propellent into the vehicle.
of margin to the vehicle,
of SpaceX 10 years ago, I think.
十年前當上 SpaceX 的總裁。
so closely with Elon Musk?
是什麼樣的感覺?
this year, actually.
to do something for 16 years
him saying anything
best placed to answer this question,
on this strange unit of time
很奇特的時間單位,
I asked Elon, you know,
auto-drive across America,
if you take Elon time into account.
這答案絕對是真的。
between Elon time and real time?
之間的轉換率是什麼?
in a unique position, Chris.
很獨特的立場,克里斯。
is very aggressive on his timelines,
to do things better and faster.
把事情做得更好、更快。
and all the money in the world
和所有的金錢
to move quickly is really important.
讓步調加速,是相當重要的。
kind of a key intermediary role here.
扮演一種關鍵的中間角色。
that have their impact,
這些目標都有它們的影響,
might blow up a team
這可能會搞死一個團隊,
of saying, "Yes, Elon,"
方式來說:「好的,伊隆。」
in a way that is acceptable
to your employees.
你的員工也能接受的方式。
realizations for that.
you have to pause
你得要停頓一下,
"Well, that's impossible,"
to do that. I don't know how."
我不知道怎麼做。」
substantially harder.
was to take these ideas
make them achievable,
讓它們變成是可達成的,
from this steep slope, get it comfortable.
翻個身,讓它舒服一點。
I felt like we were there,
當我覺得我們做到了,
people were getting comfortable,
that that's his job,
close to comfortable
讓公司盡量接近舒服,
and put us back on that slope,
把我們推回坡上,
that the conversation ratio
你的時間,約是 2x,
and you said it, I didn't.
而且是你說的,不是我。
rumored to be working on,
thousands of low earth orbit satellites
數以千計的低地面軌道衛星,
low-cost internet connection
you can tell us about this?
about this particular project,
one of the most challenging
project we've undertaken.
最有挑戰性的計畫之一。
for internet broadband,
is the difficulty here.
with the right technology solution,
正確的技術解決方案,
about 10 billion dollars or more
not claiming victory yet.
obviously, if that happened to the world,
在這個世界上實現了,
would be pretty radical,
衝擊會是相當根本的,
if suddenly everyone can connect cheaply.
便宜的連線,會帶來很大的改變。
it'll change the world.
它會改變世界。
on the planning is it,
number of satellites in orbit.
there's no question --
這點毫無疑問。
are pretty devastating.
後果十分有破壞性。
a bunch of particles in orbit
from being useful for decades or longer.
our second stage after every mission
我們都必須把第二節帶下來,
a rocket carcass orbiting earth.
繞著地球轉。
a good steward of that.
the remarkable success there
as your future development plan.
未來發展計畫的焦點。
to a much bigger rocket
CA: The Big Falcon Rocket, that's right.
克:大型獵鷹火箭,沒錯。
in that incredible technology,
在那項了不起的技術上,
to something much bigger. Why?
做個更大的東西。為什麼?
been developing these launch systems.
發射系統的時候學到的。
a new product before we've been able
他們應該要採用這新產品之前,
is the product that they should move to,
the Big Falcon Rocket now,
flying Falcon 9s and Falcon Heavies
和獵鷹重型運載火箭,
widespread acceptance of BFR.
Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy
和獵鷹重型運載火箭,
to take humanity to Mars?
送上火星,需要的是 BFR?
other business ideas for this.
找到了其他的商業點子。
that we're currently taking to orbit
我們目前帶到軌道上的衛星
of satellites to be delivered to orbit.
新類型的衛星到軌道上。
of the fairing is eight meters,
直徑是八公尺,
what giant telescopes
在那整流罩裡,
in that cargo bay,
多巨大的望遠鏡,
residual capabilities
GS: It's a residual capability.
格:它是種剩餘能力。
Talk about what the heck this is.
談談它到底是什麼。
順道一提,那是值得點出的。
the Statue of Liberty in it,
of that Falcon Heavy Rocket.
運載火箭的大小有概念了。
there are 27 engines there.
inventing ever bigger rockets,
for the Falcon 1 launch vehicle.
開發了梅林引擎。
for the Falcon 9.
something different,
on a brand new engine,
來打造全新引擎,
on the back end of Falcon 9.
裝在獵鷹九號的後端。
glue three Falcon 9s together
獵鷹九號黏在一起,
operational rocket flying.
能運作飛行的火箭。
than starting from scratch.
這種做法有效率得多。
of how much bigger than that,
two and half times the size of this.
this video that we're about to play here.
我們接下來要放的這支影片。
space travel for earthlings.
地球人的太空飛船旅行。
is we're going to fly BFR like an aircraft
當成飛機來飛,
from New York City or Vancouver
half an hour or 40 minutes,
大約是30~40 分鐘,
yeah, it's so awesome.
is actually the boat out and back.
其實是進出搭小船的時間。
this is awesome, but it's crazy, right?
這很棒,但這很瘋狂,對吧?
going to happen.
to accept this incoming missile --
這即將到來的飛彈──
us trying to convince a federal range,
我們試圖說服一個聯邦試射場,
regularly, right?
空軍基地的聯邦地產上。
on federal property on an Air Force base.
it's only five kilometers out from a city.
五公里的地方來做這件事。
can possibly afford the fortune
roughly a hundred passengers.
大約一百名乘客。
about the business.
are really expensive,
航空公司的機票競爭?
with airline tickets here?
if I can do this trip
can only make one of those flights a day.
飛這些航程的其中一趟。
was slightly more expensive
a little bit more expensive,
what they're running in a day,
至少是他們的 10 倍,
that I need to out of that system.
to be deployed at some point
在驚人未來的某個時點,
I'm sure Elon will want us to go faster.
伊隆會要我們更快完成。
because I travel a lot
因為我很常旅行,
my customers in Riyadh,
and be back in time to make dinner.
an economy price ticket,
per person to fly New York to Shanghai.
從紐約飛到上海。
economy and business,
會在經濟艙和商務艙之間,
that is definitely something.
那肯定是值得重視的。
of BFR is being developed
BFR 的另一種用途,
quite a detailed, sort of, picture
this is a cropped video
there's a couple of new bits to it.
再加上一些新東西。
to lift off from a pad,
the Big Falcon Spaceship.
即大型獵鷹太空船。
the spaceship off in orbit,
we're returning boosters right now.
讓推進器返回地球一樣。
but we're working on the pieces,
但我們在努力做每一部分,
on the pad that we launched from.
它起飛的那個發射台上。
不同的發射台或是船上。
or we land out on a boat.
refuel the spaceship,
就能為太空船補給燃料,
go to Mars at one time,
一次一百個人上火星,
on how big the rocket is.
and we'll continue to make
will land the first human on Mars?
會讓第一個人登上火星?
from the point-to-point.
時間範圍差不多。
not this decade.
where this is the official stated mission.
而這是官方聲明的任務。
bought into that mission,
there's a lot of people around
you've got so much talent,
that need urgent attention.
off to another planet?
逃向另一個星球的旅行?
to expand our minds a little bit.
working on that.
the most important things we possibly can,
能做到最重要的事情之一,
for humans to live and survive and thrive.
給人類居住、生存,和茁壯。
for the human species.
and doing a better job taking care of it,
multiple paths to survival,
all earthlings don't die.
確保人類不會滅絕。
that's a terrible reason to go do it.
來做這件事,是很糟糕的。
it's another place to explore,
different from animals,
and sense of wonderment
in us moving to other solar systems
朝其他太陽系邁進,
I ever out-vision Elon,
我的遠景比伊隆還遠,
in other solar systems.
其他太陽系的其他人。
a fixer-upper planet.
to make it habitable.
or whatever they call themselves,
amazing jobs on the planet.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Gwynne Shotwell - Space leaderAs president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations.
Why you should listen
Gwynne Shotwell joined SpaceX in 2002 as vice president of business development and built the Falcon vehicle family manifest to more than 70 launches, representing more than $10 billion in business. Shotwell is a member of the SpaceX Board of Directors.
Prior to joining SpaceX, Shotwell spent more than 10 years at the Aerospace Corporation, holding positions in space systems engineering and technology and project management. Shotwell was subsequently recruited to be director of Microcosm's space systems division, managing space system technologies, serving on the executive committee and directing corporate business development.
In 2014, Shotwell was appointed to the United States Export Import Bank's Advisory Committee and the Federal Aviation Administration’s Management Advisory Council. She has been awarded the World Technology Award for Individual Achievement in Space, has been inducted into the Women In Technology International Hall of Fame and was elected to the honorable grade of Fellow with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
SpaceX supports science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) programs locally as well as national engineering programs and competitions. Shotwell has helped raise over $1.4 million for STEM education programs reaching thousands of students nationwide.
Shotwell received, with honors, her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Northwestern University in mechanical engineering and applied mathematics, and she serves as both a University Trustee and a member of the Advisory Council for Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering. She has authored dozens of papers on a variety of space-related subjects.
Gwynne Shotwell | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com