Ryan Gravel: How an old loop of railroads is changing the face of a city
라이언 그라벨(Ryan Gravel): 도시의 모습을 바꾼 낡은 철도 노선
Ryan Gravel is an architect and urban planner who played a key role in developing the Atlanta BeltLine. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
in college in the mid-'90s.
유학하던 시절에 쓰던 교통카드죠.
like a French anarchist --
무정부주의자 같다고 하더군요.
여전히 이렇습니다.
I'd lost 15 pounds
저는 15파운드(6.8kg)나 살을 뺐고
by highways and automobiles
as a poster child for sprawl,
높은 곳이었습니다.
the way I understood
생각이 완전히 바뀌었고
of infrastructure --
고민하게 되었습니다.
from point A to point B,
사람들을 이동시키거나
or sewage or energy,
전달하는 것이 아니라
and for our culture,
to the way that we live.
I was instantly frustrated,
만든 일이 있었습니다.
the top end of our perimeter highway.
교통체증으로 꼼짝할 수 없었거든요.
that were hurtling past me,
할 수 없었기 때문이었습니다.
and their music blaring.
앞만 바라보고 있었죠.
an inevitable outcome,
의문이 생겼습니다.
this condition in Atlanta
that I wanted to live in?
없을지 생각했죠.
in architecture and city planning,
건축과 도시계획을 공부하며
관심을 키웠습니다.
한 아이디어가 떠올라
of old railroad circling downtown
철도 노선을 이용해서
for urban revitalization.
기반 시설로 만드는 것이었습니다.
we would actually build it.
생각지도 않았습니다.
at an architecture firm,
to my coworkers about it,
얘기를 나눴을 때
to more people about it,
이에 대해 얘기를 나누었고
city council president.
around this idea:
도시 개발 계획을 세웠죠.
for two and a half years,
두세 차례 회의를 하며
and a handful of volunteers.
몇몇 봉사자들과 의견을 나눴죠.
of people and ideas.
놀라운 시민 운동을 일으켰습니다.
who were used to fighting against things,
이 계획을 지지해 주었죠.
as something that they could fight for;
가치가 있다고 본 것입니다.
of new growth in the city;
이익을 줄 것으로 기대했습니다.
who saw their mission
자신들이 할 수 있는 일을 찾았고
by the shared vision.
나름대로 역할을 맡았습니다.
aren't at the same table
가지고 한 자리에 모이지는 않죠.
and it was kind of weird,
모두가 함께 했습니다.
fell in love with a vision
그 계획을 좋아했습니다.
through their car windshields,
풍경보다 훨씬 나은 것이었죠.
그 계획을 현실로 이루어냈습니다.
be building it otherwise.
계획대로 건설하지 못했을 거예요.
our coalition was diverse.
구성원은 다양했습니다.
were part of our story.
of the economic spectrum loved it, too.
이 계획을 맘에 들어했습니다.
they weren't going to be able to be there
요금이 터무니없이 비싸게 책정되면
that they'd be priced out.
될 것을 염려했습니다.
that kind of story before, right?
the Atlanta BeltLine would be different,
그렇지 않을 거라고 약속했고
시민들에게로 돌렸습니다.
than anything we ever imagined
이 계획을 더 발전시켰습니다.
subsidies for housing,
a list that continues to grow.
계획이 계속 추가되었죠.
that were required to make it happen.
of implementation, and it's working.
잘 운영되고 있다는 거예요.
of trail was opened in 2012,
over three billion dollars
이루어졌습니다.
the physical form of the city,
we think about the city,
관점도 바뀌고 있습니다.
for living there.
to the grocery store
식료품점에 간 일이 있는데요.
to get in the car.
"아빠. 꼭 가야한다면
"물론이지. 그래도 돼.
how ridiculous that is,
특이한 일인지 몰라요.
that their expectations for Atlanta
기대하는 것이 얼마나 강력한지도
is exactly like sprawl
in highways and automobiles
있었던 건 아니었습니다.
within it, of course.
making millions of decisions
not only the way that we build cities,
방법 뿐만아니라
완전히 바꾸었습니다.
for urban sprawl.
밑바탕이 되었습니다.
and strip malls and cul-de-sacs we wanted.
상점가, 골목길도 만들었습니다.
물리적으로 건설하는 과정에서
of the places we live
are happening at that time.
간과하면 안된다는 것입니다.
was breaking down barriers,
began its march
of our nation's promise.
지킬 것을 요구하는 시기였죠.
business -- everything was changing,
모든 것이 바뀌고 있었습니다.
and private sectors were colluding
before there were highways.
존재하지도 않았습니다.
to understand and acknowledge
모두가 아닌 일부 집단에게
to some groups of people
사실을 알아 두어야 합니다.
in wonder and disgust, maybe,
난개발상을 바라보자면
of that inequity?
고착된 것은 아닐까요?
traffic hellscape?
상태에 정체된 것은 아닐까요?
urban displacement,
변화와 환경 악화에
갇혀있는 건 아닐까요?
and permanent outcomes?
지속될 결과일까요?
of our collective cultural decisions
판단에 따른 결과일까요?
from our experience in Atlanta
are playing out everywhere,
일들이 일어나고 있어요.
not only old railroads,
and obsolete roadways,
버려진 도로도 복구했죠.
생명을 불어넣고 있습니니다.
are reclaiming and reinventing
자신들의 사회기반 시설물들을
of all catalyst infrastructure projects,
거대한 기폭제가 되고 있습니다.
for which similarly started
운동으로 시작되었지만
of being transformed
변모하는 단계에 접어들고 있습니다.
infrastructure again,
and fishing and boating
낚시터와 선착장도 있어서
and flood control.
the lives of people.
the rest of us think about Los Angeles.
시각도 이미 바뀌고 있습니다.
이상의 의미가 있습니다.
삶을 만들고 있는 것이죠.
local food, urban agriculture,
지역 음식, 도시 농산물
기술과 디자인을 포함합니다.
early indicators of a really radical shift
급진적인 변화를 보여주는 척도입니다.
모습으로 바꾸고 있습니다.
with these catalyst projects today,
don't usually benefit everyone.
득이 되지는 않는다는 것입니다.
by this cultural momentum
금융시장이 들썩거리고
prices and rents.
임대료 인상으로 이어지게 되죠.
to not improve communities.
있는 답을 얻어야 합니다.
and transit and grocery stores.
있는 해답을 얻어야 합니다.
to hold communities down
and address the financial realities
재정적 현실도 파악하고
happen on its own.
어려운 문제입니다.
to this goal in Atlanta,
애틀란타에서 그 목표를 이루었습니다.
who made it possible in the first place.
그 일을 해냈습니다.
없었을 것입니다.
commitments to all those years
as my graduate thesis
시작된 일이었지만
with thousands of people
그 수 많은 사람들이
the BeltLine is being built for
as whether it's built at all.
중요하다는 걸 알았습니다.
whose lives we are changing,
벗어날 수 없습니다.
we just need to speak up.
목소리를 내야만 합니다.
comes on our terms.
변화를 이끌어야 합니다.
in the process of shaping change.
동참해야 할 것입니다.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ryan Gravel - Urban planner, designer, authorRyan Gravel is an architect and urban planner who played a key role in developing the Atlanta BeltLine.
Why you should listen
Ryan Gravel is an urban planner, designer and author working on site design, infrastructure, concept development and public policy as the founding principal at Sixpitch. His Master's thesis in 1999 was the original vision for the Atlanta Beltline, a 22-mile transit greenway that, with fifteen years of progress, is changing both the physical form of his city and the decisions people make about living there. Now a $4 billion public-private investment in the early stages of implementation, the project's health and economic benefits are already evident through record-breaking use of its first section of mainline trail and $3.1 billion of private-sector investment since 2005.
Alongside project work at Sixpitch and research on similar "catalyst infrastructure" projects around the world, Gravel's new book makes a compelling case about what these unexpected assets mean for our lives and why they matter. In Where We Want to Live – Reclaiming Infrastructure for a New Generation of Cities (St. Martin's Press, 2016), he summons the streets of Paris, the spirit of Detroit, the unruly Los Angeles River and dozens of other examples to illustrate how a new cultural momentum is illuminating a brighter path forward for cities. Through insightful narrative, Gravel articulates how projects like the Atlantas Beltline, New York's High Line and Houston's Buffalo Bayou are part of this movement and how they will ultimately transform our way of life with the same magnitude that automobiles and highways did in the last century. More than discrete projects, he argues, they represent a shared vision for our future that will require us to forget tired arguments about traffic, pollution, blight and sprawl -- and instead leverage those conditions as assets in the creation of something far more interesting than anything we’ve seen so far.
Gravel's early work as a volunteer and later across the nonprofit, public and private sectors has brought his long-term commitment to sustainable city building full circle -- from vision, to advocacy, to planning, design and implementation. He speaks internationally and has received numerous awards for his work on the project.
Gravel's latest pipedream is a nonprofit idea studio called Generator, to be funded in part by a bar. While juggling two kids, amazing projects like the Atlanta City Design and requests for help navigating impacts from the Atlanta Beltline, he's also taking time to look up and enjoy the city he wants to live in.
Ryan Gravel | Speaker | TED.com