Victoria Pratt: How judges can show respect
빅토리아 프랫 (Victoria Pratt): 판사가 피고를 존중하는 법
Judge Victoria Pratt is inspiring a global revolution in criminal justice. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
I want to tell you something.
말할 게 있다고요.
by a transgender prostitute
이렇게 말하더군요.
sitting next to her,
"뭘 보는 거예요.
I look better than the girl you're with."
소리지르고는 말이죠.
be picked up by the record,
towards counselor's table with dignity.
내려올 수 있게 해서였어요.
also known as procedural fairness,
절차의 공정성 또는
of an African-American garbageman
저는 할렘에서 태어나고
in the segregated South.
미용사의 딸이에요.)
you're still paying attention.
보려고 일부러 해봤어요.
for a better life for her unborn children.
삶을 살게 하려 이 나라에 오셨죠.
you meet with dignity and respect,
어떻게 말하건
no matter how they dress,
it would be the most important lesson
가장 중요한 가르침으로
to the Newark Municipal Court bench.
될 때도 몸에 배어 있었습니다.
off the playground
to translate for family members
to the United States,
for a person, a novice,
정부 여기저기로 찾아다닌다는 게
만드는지 잘 압니다.
and around the globe,
지구 전역에서 온 사람들이
that is foreign, intimidating
about the nature of their charges,
뭔지 몰라 혼동스럽고
with the police
their relationships, their finances
심지어는 자신들의 자유까지에도
who encounters our courts.
설명을 해드리죠.
going through court security.
받는 몸수색에 짜증을 느끼죠.
they walk around the building,
건물을 헤메게 되는데
the same question
다른 사람들에게 묻는데
to where they're supposed to be,
심사가 아주 뒤틀립니다.
when they encounter the courts.
people's court experience,
the public's trust
시민들의 신뢰도
is procedural justice
절차적 정의라는 것으로
they are treated fairly
Yale professor Tom Tyler found
교수가 70년대에
as far back in the '70s
see the justice system
만약 사람들이 사법 체계가
to impose rules and regulations,
정당한 당국이라고 느끼면
자신들에 불리하더라도
that they were treated fairly
begins with what?
어디서 시작할까요?
to court participants.
어떻게 말하느냐에서 시작합니다.
a reserve seat to a tragic reality show
시즌 종영도 없는
우울하고 배고프고
of appearing vulnerable on the bench,
사람들을 볼 때마다
did I need to do something,
있다는 것 뿐 아니라
깨닫습니다.
of procedural justice are easy
절차적 정당성의 원칙이 쉬워
as quickly as tomorrow.
실행할 수 있다는 거죠.
that it can be done for free.
돈도 안 든다는 거예요.
not going to let them speak.
않을 때라도
못 드립니다.
말씀하시도록 둘 수는 없어요.
that's going to hurt your case."
자술서를 써 보도록 하는 게
of giving them voice.
엄청난 방법이었어요.
college student an essay.
자술서를 쓰도록 했죠.
and his hands trembling,
손은 떨렸어요.
had become an alcoholic like his mom,
않았는지 걱정스럽다고 했습니다.
due to alcohol-related liver disease.
돌아가신 어머니처럼요.
to my father, a letter to my son,
그때도 알았더라면 ..."
장점을 믿었더라면
positive thing about myself,
편지를 써보라고 하면
to be introspective,
내면으로 들어가 볼
모든 답이 있으니까요.
that goes beyond their criminal record
in the justice system,
공공의 신뢰를 증진시키려면
to be favoring one side over the other.
선호한다는 인상을 줘선 안 됩니다.
not to say things like,
"저희 변호사님"과 같은 용어를
결정해야 합니다.
"my defense attorney."
when we work in environments
사람들이 있어
assigned to your courts,
법정을 왔다갔다는 그런 환경에서
in and out of your courts as well.
쉽지 않은 일입니다.
a new Rutgers Law grad
and I was greeted by two grey-haired men
머리 희끗한 남자분이 계셨는데
the last game of golf they played together
농담을 나누고
계획하고 있었어요.
a fair shot in that forum.
취급받을 수 없다는 걸 알았죠.
understand the process,
과정에 따른 결과 그리고
이해한다는 건
is the language we use to confuse.
헷갈리게 하려는 언어라고 얘기하죠.
who appear before me,
많은 사람들이
their second language.
잘 알고 있습니다.
일상적인 영어를 씁니다.
was when I was a young judge --
훌륭한 예가 되겠네요.
a senior judge comes to me,
어느 고참 판사가 저한테
has mental health issues,
문제가 있는 것 같으면
평가를 할 수 있지."
and you can get your evaluation."
제 느낌에 정신 건강에
was a mental health issue,
맨처음 보고
질문을 시작했습니다.
and I started to ask questions.
um, psychotrop --
with a psychiatrist before?"
받으신 적 있나요?"
was suffering from mental illness.
앓고 있는 건 분명했어요.
to scrap the script and ask one question.
그 적힌 걸 치우고 질문을 했죠.
to clear your mind?"
드셨어요?"
for my schizophrenia,
효과는 있더라구요.
to clear your mind?"
no medication to clear my mind.
약을 먹은 게 아니구요
to stop the voices in my head,
약을 먹었어요.
understand the question,
이해하기만 하면
to make meaningful decisions
of the other principles can work.
작동할 수 없죠.
"좋은 아침입니다"처럼
"Good morning, ma'am."
who is standing before you,
바라보는 것과 같은 거죠.
"Um, how are you doing today?
actually interested in the response.
그런 사람으로서 해야 하는 거죠.
알게 된 피고에게
in the paperwork?"
이야기 하는 것과
read and write, can't you?"
there's a literacy issue.
is that it's contagious.
이게 전염된다는 거죠.
respectful to other folks
사람들이 알게 되면
that respect to themselves.
스스로에게도 적용합니다.
the transgender prostitute was telling me.
제게 했던 얘기가 바로 이거죠.
as you think you may be judging me.
저도 여러분을 판단합니다.
말씀드리지 않고
절차적 정당성으로 바꾸려고
to change the culture at my courthouse
to the criminal court,
통보받았습니다.
as the worst courtroom in the city,
최악의 법정으로 알려져 있었습니다.
최악이라고 했죠.
with revolving door justice,
보통의 도시 법정이었습니다.
of low-level offenders --
with quality-of-life tickets,
정신 이상 홈리스
and the misguided young people --
어쩌다 나쁜 길에 빠진 젊은이들
doing a life sentence
한 번에 구류 30일 정도 사는
decided that Newarkers deserved better,
더 나은 취급을 받도록 결정해서
with the Center for Court Innovation
판사는 피고에 대해
to punishment with assistance.
부여할 수 있게 됐습니다.
otherwise get a jail sentence
살아야 했던 피고들이
individual counseling sessions,
단체 상담 또는
as well as community giveback,
사회에 보답하는 시간도
that this wonderful program
이 훌륭한 프로그램이
and was going to be housed where?
어디다 배당하지?
행동거지는 끔찍했죠.
the attitudes were terrible there
being sent there as punishment.
이해했기 때문이었어요.
disciplinary actions at times,
a 30-day jail sentence on their rotation,
여기고 있었거든요.
they were being hazed
sorority or fraternity.
멍할 거라고 여겼죠.
an attorney who worked there
as "the scum of the earth"
해놓고
끔찍한 사람들이잖아요.
with those people? They're so nasty.
we criminalize social ills,
우리가 사회적 병리를 범죄시해
and say, "Do something."
"어떻게 좀 해 봐"라고 말한 거죠.
to lead by example.
came when a 60-something-year-old man
수갑을 찬 채 저에게 온
약물의 금단 증세가 나타났습니다.
was showing the signs of drug withdrawal.
and he said, "30 years."
"30년"이라고 하더군요.
"자식은 있으세요?"
I have a 32-year-old son."
"예, 32살 먹은 아들이 있어요."
had the opportunity
"오, 그럼 그 약물 증독 때문에
because of your addiction."
못 하셨겠네요"라고 했더니
I'm going to let you go home,
전 집에 돌아가시라고 할 건데요
것들을 드리겠다고."
some assistance for your addiction."
and he was sitting the courtroom.
그분이 법정에 계시더라는 거죠.
"Judge, I came back to court
"판사님, 제가 제 자신에 하는 것보다
than I had for myself."
제가 법정에 돌아왔습니다."
he heard love from the bench?
저분이 저한테서 사랑을 느꼈나요?
when the court behaves differently,
you can go to for assistance,
schizophrenic homeless woman
노숙자 할머니같은 사람들이
곳이 되기도 하죠.
and screams, "Judge!
이렇게 외치죠.
궁금해서 와 봤어요."
for a couple of months,
a couple of weeks ago.
종결짓고 풀어줬답니다.
of coaxing by the judge,
was terrible, Judge.
and it was full of empty heroin envelopes,
거기 빈 헤로인 봉투가 그득했어요.
제 잘못임을 깨달았어요.
그 공원에 가곤 했거든요.
to do community service,
거기 보내기 전엔
when I wasn't high,
그 공원 간 적이 없어서
the children playing there."
알 지 못 했어요."
lowered their head.
고개를 숙이더군요.
its relationship with the community,
관계도 재설정할 수 있었는데
through the court program.
구직 면접도 봤어요.
at an office cleaning company,
구직 면접을 보고
자랑스럽게 얘기했답니다.
after the interview,
양복 입고 일까지 했어요,
how bad I wanted the job."
그 면접관한테 보여주고 싶었거든요."
when a person in authority
사람들 자존심도 살리면서 존중하면
who struts down the aisle
복도를 뽐내듯이 걸으며
do you notice anything different?"
"판사님, 뭐가 달라졌게요?"
a referral from the program,
to replace the old teeth
잃어버린 치아를
of years of heroin addiction.
어떤 사람을 보게 될 겁니다.
that judges will use these tools
이런 도구를 이용해
the communities that they serve.
완전히 바꾸는 겁니다.
are not miracle cure-alls,
만병통치의 기적이 아닙니다.
to where we want to be,
수 광년은 가까워지겠죠.
that people enter our halls of justice
사람들이 저희 정의의 전당에 와서
with dignity and respect
will be served there.
알게 되는 그런 곳이죠.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Victoria Pratt - ProfessorJudge Victoria Pratt is inspiring a global revolution in criminal justice.
Why you should listen
Judge Victoria Pratt has gained national and international acclaim for her commitment to reforming the criminal justice system. As the Chief Judge in Newark Municipal Court in Newark, New Jersey, a busy urban court, she spent years gaining a deep understanding of how justice could be delivered to court participants in a manner that increased their trust in the legal system. While presiding over Newark Community Solutions, the Community Court Program, she provided alternatives to jail to low-level offenders. These alternatives included community service, individual and group counseling sessions, and her signature assignment of introspective essays. Her respectful approach has had a positive effect on court participant’s court experience -- and how the community viewed the court.
Pratt is now serving as a Professor at Rutgers Law School in Newark, an institution that has always been committed to social justice. Her teaching load includes problem-solving courts and restorative justice. As a graduate of Rutgers Law, she is excited by the opportunity to influence the minds of future lawyers and judges with innovative and humane ways of dealing with court participants. She also continues to champion criminal justice reform through her consulting firm Pratt Lucien Consultants, LLC, by sharing her skills and approach with others.
Pratt’s work has been featured in The Guardian and Rutgers Magazine (both written by Pulitzer-winning author Tina Rosenberg.) As a nationally recognized expert in procedural justice and alternative sentencing, she has been asked by numerous professional organizations and jurisdictions to share her story and philosophy. Judge Pratt has also appeared on MSNBC's "Melissa Harris Perry Show," the Emmy-winning PBS show "Due Process," and National Public Radio's "Conversations with Allan Wolper."
Pratt is licensed to practice law in both New Jersey and New York and is admitted to the US Supreme Court. She also facilitates empowerment sessions to help people live their best lives.
(Photo: Erik James Montgomery)
Victoria Pratt | Speaker | TED.com