Kristin Poinar: What's hidden under the Greenland ice sheet?
کرسټن پاینر: د ګرین لینډ یخمالک لاندې څه دي؟
Kristin Poinar uses remote sensing and numerical models to study the interaction of meltwater with ice flow, especially on the Greenland Ice Sheet. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
دمې واخلو،
so I took a lot of breaks there.
نو ما پکې ډیرې دمې اغستلې.
hidden inside the ice sheet,
that the Greenland ice sheet is huge,
ګرین لینډ یو ستر یخمالک دی،
is two miles thick.
دوه میله پیړه ده
downhill towards the ocean.
څیړلو پیل وکړ
remote physical environments
is like getting in on the ground floor
and satellites over the ice sheets
دپاسه د طیارو الوځول
has done for social media.
رامنځته کړ
a wealth of observations
about the ice sheets continuously.
of the size of the Greenland ice sheet
د ګرین لینډ په اندازه یخمالکونه
of the screen here
of the ice sheet melt
پکې ویلي شوي
by an overall rate of mass loss
a glaciologist 50 years ago.
تللې.
lose mass into the ocean this quickly.
په دومره اندازه کتله په سمندرونو کې له
پیل شوي
on our smallest continent,
وړوکی براعظم لکه
valleys, mountains and depressions
چې ددې یخمالک لاندې پراته دي ګورو لکه
the size of the Grand Canyon
ستر چینلونه دي
off of Greenland and into the ocean.
بهوي.
can reveal the bedrock
transparent to radar.
an ice cube in the microwave.
برقي منقل کې کیږئ
without interacting.
you have to get it wet,
نو باید لوند کړل شي
in the microwave.
the microwave oven is designed around.
همدې شکل ډيزاین شو
a vast pool of liquid water
back to the ice sheet's surface.
this glacier aquifer existed.
هلته دې د یخمالکي فلترونه شتون ولري
from the cold and the wind above.
hidden in the ice sheet
to reach the global ocean?
for the water to reach the bedrock
رسوي
forces them deeper and deeper.
کښته ځي.
from deep within the earth.
in the Greenland ice sheet
د یخمالکي فلترونو سره خواکې
most of the Greenland ice sheet
flies towards the coast,
on its quest to flow downhill,
ښکاري
do they take that water?
beyond remote sensing data.
لرو
that run on supercomputers.
اخلم تر څو
is simply a set of equations
د یو څو
کوي او
as the next number in a sequence --
set of equations
the equations for how ice cracks?
څنګه په یخمالک کې درزونه راځي؟
a very good understanding
fracture under stress.
د فشار لاندې چوي.
that the engineering equations
from my physics homework.
د یخمالک لپاره مې
for how a crevasse can fracture
نیومیریک ماډل وکاروه،
real processes in our world.
مو خبروي.
the results of my numeric model,
پایلې شریکې کړم،
a thousand times narrower than it is deep,
ځله نري وي.
panel on the right
for how tall and skinny the crevasse is.
اوږده دي.
flows into the crevasse,
in the negative 15 degree Celsius ice.
ترې یخ جوړیږي.
as your kitchen freezer.
the glacier aquifer is high enough.
ډيره وي.
all the way to the base of the ice sheet
تل ته رسوي.
to reach the ocean.
د سمندر سطحه
per year of sea level rise
might be punching above its weight.
سرعت حرکت کوي.
at the base of the ice sheet here.
اوبه شتون ولري.
present at the base there.
is getting to the base of the ice sheet,
بیخ ته رسیږي نو
flow faster into the ocean?
hidden inside the Greenland ice sheet
د ګرین لینډ کې دننه دي، پیدا کړو.
for the sea level rise it holds.
پلانونه ولرو
that Greenland has lost since 2002
راپدیخوا بایللې،
of what that ice sheet holds.
that operate on long timescales.
تر ډیر مهاله پورې کار کوي.
will rise at least 20 centimeters,
تر ۲۰ سانتي متره لوړه شي.
راپورته شي
of future sea level rise is good,
پوه ښه ده
and scientists
plan for the sea level rise that's coming.
پلانونه ونیسي.
پښتو ژباړه: طارق نجیب
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kristin Poinar - GlaciologistKristin Poinar uses remote sensing and numerical models to study the interaction of meltwater with ice flow, especially on the Greenland Ice Sheet.
Why you should listen
Hidden under many meters of ice, a pool of meltwater lies under the Greenland Ice Sheet. Kristin Poinar studies how the meltwater forms and flows in this dynamic glacial system. She asks: How did this water get there, and where does it go? How much water is in there? And how is climate change affecting this system?
Using data from Operation IceBridge flights and from field instruments, she's building a numerical model of how crevasses form and channel water. In fact, a NASA report released in February 2017 revealed a new pathway her team discovered for meltwater to reach the ocean. Using physically based models to constrain the bounds of what is realistic has shaped Poinar's interest in glaciology.
Poinar is currently a postdoctoral researcher at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. She will be moving to the University at Buffalo in winter 2017 to be a professor in the Geology Department and the RENEW Institute.
Kristin Poinar | Speaker | TED.com