Leila Takayama: What's it like to be a robot?
Leila Takayama: Como é ser um robô?
Leila Takayama conducts research on human-robot interaction. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
to make a first impression,
uma primeira impressão,
as well as if you're a person.
um robô ou uma pessoa.
one of these robots
called Willow Garage in 2008.
my host walked me into the building
acompanhou-me no edifício,
me encarou sem expressão;
cerca de 180 graus e fugiu.
about robots that day
with these possible robot futures,
por esses possíveis futuros com robôs,
a lot more about ourselves
do que apenas sobre essas máquinas.
para esse amiguinho.
expectations for this little dude.
to navigate the physical world,
de navegar no mundo físico,
to navigate my social world --
to get from point A to point B,
ele teve que replanejá-lo,
e chegar lá de outra maneira",
not a very efficient thing to do.
uma pessoa e não uma cadeira,
that I was a person, not a chair,
to get out of its way
se ele tentasse chegar a algum lugar,
would have been more efficient
to notice that I was a human
de uma cadeira ou uma parede.
than things like chairs and walls do.
são seres do espaço, do futuro
as being from outer space
and from science fiction,
that robots are here today,
amongst us right now.
and they cut the grass
if I actually had time to do these tasks,
se tivesse tempo para isso,
do it better than I would, too.
he uses the box, it cleans it,
e é algo que não quero fazer.
his life better as well as mine.
it's a robot lawnmower,
"robô cortador de grama",
of other robots hiding in plain sight
like, "dishwasher," right?
como "lava-louças".
porque servem um propósito em nossa vida,
serve a purpose in our lives.
por eu chamá-lo de robô,
at me calling this a robot,
é deixar minha casa em 19ºC.
66 degrees Fahrenheit,
sabe que está frio, se programa
it acts on the physical world.
dos desenhos animados,
look like Rosie the Robot,
that's really useful in my life
regular a temperatura.
up and down myself.
e trabalham entre nós agora.
live and work amongst us now,
living amongst us
a robot operator, too.
a sensação é de operar uma máquina,
from point A to point B,
sistema de freios automáticos,
and maybe even adaptive cruise control.
e até controle de velocidade adaptável.
totalmente autônomo,
a fully autonomous car,
que nos fazem dirigir com segurança
like they're invisible-in-use, right?
de se mover de um lugar ao outro
you're going from one place to another.
na qual devemos operar os controles,
that you have to deal with and operate
aprendendo a dirigir
learning how to drive
extensões de nós mesmos.
extensions of ourselves.
in that tight little garage space,
sabemos onde estão os limites.
que nunca havíamos dirigido,
that maybe you haven't driven before,
com nosso novo corpo de robô.
to get used to your new robot body.
who operate other types of robots,
opera outros tipos de robôs.
a few stories about that.
of remote collaboration.
da colaboração à distância.
I had a coworker named Dallas,
havia um colega chamado Dallas.
in our company in California.
para nossa empresa na Califórnia.
on the table in most of our meetings,
na maioria das reuniões, tudo bem,
except that, you know,
e não gostávamos do que ele dizia,
and we didn't like what he was saying,
e tomávamos uma decisão no saguão,
after that meeting
in the hallway afterwards
o que não era legal para ele.
extras de corpo de robô,
robot body parts laying around,
o Curt, juntaram essa coisa,
put together this thing,
que parece um brinquedo tecnológico bobo,
like Skype on a stick on wheels,
one of the most powerful tools
das ferramentas mais poderosas
for remote collaboration.
à pergunta do e-mail do Dallas,
Dallas' email question,
bloquear minha porta e perguntar novamente
and ask me the question again --
Seria falta de educação.
That's kind of rude.
entre duas pessoas,
for these one-on-one communications,
de todos às reuniões.
at the company all-hands meeting.
e comprometido com o seu projeto
and committed to your project
a colaboração à distância.
e, depois, dos anos,
of months and then years,
but at others, too.
mas também na dos outros.
with these systems
começa a parecer que você está lá.
like you're just there.
espaço pessoal a esses objetos.
to give these things personal space.
as pessoas se posicionam no espaço
o que é ótimo, até haver avarias.
if you were there in person.
there's breakdowns and it's not.
os robôs pela primeira vez é:
There must be a camera over there,"
Deve ter uma câmera por aí",
Vou aumentar o volume",
I'm going to turn up your volume,"
walk up to you and say,
Vou aumentar o seu volume".
I'm going to turn up your face."
para o uso desses sistemas.
these new social norms
feeling like it's your body,
a sentir que é o seu corpo,
"Oh, my robot is kind of short."
"Meu robô é baixinho".
he was six-foot tall --
a festas de coquetel, por exemplo.
to cocktail parties and things like that,
quase a minha altura.
which is close to my height.
realmente olhando pra mim.
really looking at me.
at this sea of shoulders,
para um mar de ombros.
to be on the shorter end of the spectrum."
mais baixa do espectro".
a lot of empathy for that experience,
muita empatia com essa experiência.
enquanto falava comigo;
as he was talking to me,
olhando em meus olhos; muito legal.
and talk to me eye to eye,
to look at this in the laboratory
a altura do robô provocaria.
things like robot height would make.
used a shorter robot,
usou um robô mais baixo
used a taller robot
com o mesmo corpo
that the exact same person
and says the exact same things as someone,
se estiver na forma de um robô mais alto.
and perceived as being more credible
mas por isso estudamos psicologia.
the way that Cliff Nass would put this
with these new technologies
com essas novas tecnologias
that we have very old brains.
um cérebro muito antigo.
at the same speed that tech is
a velocidade da tecnologia.
tentando dar sentido ao mundo
are running around.
not machines, right?
na altura de uma máquina,
into things like just height of a machine,
to the person using the system.
usando o sistema.
is really important
quando pensamos em robótica.
e sim descobrir como nos estendemos.
how we extend ourselves, right?
de maneira surpreendente.
in ways that are sort of surprising.
porque os robôs não têm braços,
because the robots don't have arms,
who are playing pool
for team bonding,
para a união da equipe, o que é legal.
at operating these systems
como futebol de robô no meio da noite,
like make up new games,
in the middle of the night,
operando esses sistemas.
operating these systems.
who logged into the robot
para a esquerda sem ele perceber.
90 degrees to the left.
colidindo nas mesas,
around the office,
getting super embarrassed,
e falando muito alto.
his volume was way too high.
in the image is telling me,
de 'mudo' para o robô".
seja tão perturbador.
was we don't want it to be so disruptive.
no sistema a ação de evitar obstáculos,
avoidance to the system.
that could see the obstacles,
que identifica obstáculos.
try to say, run into a chair,
para colidir com uma cadeira,
it would just plan a path around,
o que seria uma boa ideia.
using that system, obviously,
obstáculos usando esse sistema,
para percorrer nossa pista de obstáculos,
to get through our obstacle course,
this important human dimension --
de personalidade importante
called locus of control,
a strong internal locus of control,
de controle interno forte
of their own destiny --
to an autonomous system --
a um sistema autônomo,
fight the autonomy;
bater naquela cadeira, eu bato".
I'm going to hit that chair."
from having that autonomous assistance,
o que é importante sabermos,
autonomous, say, cars, right?
cada vez mais autônomos.
to grapple with that loss of control?
com essa perda de controle?
depending on human dimensions.
das dimensões humanas.
como se fôssemos um bloco monolítico.
as if we're just one monolithic thing.
moment to moment,
momento a momento.
esses sistemas de interação homem-robô,
as dimensões humanas,
the human dimensions,
also comes a sense of responsibility.
vem um senso de responsabilidade.
using one of these systems,
usando um desses sistemas,
would look like.
por ser familiar às pessoas,
that's very familiar to people,
se sentir num videogame.
like it's a video game.
o sistema em Stanford
over at Stanford play with the system
em Menlo Park, e eles disseram:
around our office in Menlo Park,
Vinte por aquele outro".
20 points for that one."
chase them down the hallway.
se vocês as acertarem".
and feel pain if you hit them."
they would be like,
ele parece um bom alvo".
he just looks like he needs to get hit."
like "Ender's Game," right?
como criadores dessas interfaces
as people designing these interfaces
reais das ações delas,
to their actions
these increasingly autonomous things.
cada vez mais autônomas.
com um possível futuro robótico,
possible robotic future,
that we can extend ourselves
that we extend ourselves
dentro dessas máquinas
nossa humanidade e personalidade.
being able to express our humanity
em termos de ser mais baixo, alto,
shorter, taller, faster, slower,
essa empatia é maravilhosa.
for the robots themselves.
to this intersection in Manhattan,"
cruzamento em Manhattan".
forward, that's it.
it doesn't know how to see the world,
ou ver o mundo; só pede ajuda.
contar com a bondade de desconhecidos.
upon the kindness of strangers.
to the other side of Manhattan --
para o outro lado de Manhattan
e o colocavam no caminho certo.
and point it in the right direction.
this human-robot world
este mundo homem-robô
and collaborate with one another,
e colaborar um com o outro.
and just do things on our own.
e fazer as coisas sozinhos.
e, para que isso aconteça,
como artistas, designers,
like the artists and the designers,
psicólogos, sociólogos, antropólogos.
anthropologists --
diz que devemos fazer:
that Stu Card says we should do,
that we actually want to live in.
robotic futures together,
futuros robóticos juntos.
muito mais sobre nós mesmos.
learning a lot more about ourselves.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Leila Takayama - Social scientistLeila Takayama conducts research on human-robot interaction.
Why you should listen
Leila Takayama is an acting associate professor of Psychology at the University of California, Santa Cruz, where she founded and leads the Re-Embodied Cognition Lab. Her lab examines how people make sense of, interact with, and relate to new technologies. Prior to academia, she was a researcher at GoogleX and Willow Garage, where she developed a taste for working alongside engineers, designers, animators, and more. Her interdisciplinary research continues in her current work on what happens when people interact with robots and through robots.
Takayama is a World Economic Forum Global Futures Council Member and Young Global Leader. In 2015, she was presented the IEEE Robotics & Automation Society Early Career Award. In 2012, she was named a TR35 winner and one of the 100 most creative people in business by Fast Company. She completed her PhD in Communication at Stanford University in 2008, advised by Professor Clifford Nass. She also holds a PhD minor in Psychology from Stanford, a master's degree in Communication from Stanford, and bachelor's of arts degrees in Psychology and Cognitive Science from UC Berkeley (2003). During her graduate studies, she was a research assistant in the User Interface Research (UIR) group at Palo Alto Research Center (PARC).
Photo: Melissa DeWitt
Leila Takayama | Speaker | TED.com