TEDxSummit
Hans Rosling: Religions and babies
Hans Rosling: Náboženstvá a deti
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Hanr Rosling mal otázku: Rodí sa v niektorých náboženstvách viac detí, ako v iných? A ako to ovplyvňuje rest svetovej populácie? Na summite TEDx v Dohe (Katar) vysvetľuje grafy s dátami, v priebehu času a medzi náboženstvami. S využitím jeho typického zmyslu pre humor a hlbokého porozumenia Hans dosahuje prekvapivé výsledky týkajúce sa rastu svetovej populácie.
Hans Rosling - Global health expert; data visionary
In Hans Rosling’s hands, data sings. Global trends in health and economics come to vivid life. And the big picture of global development—with some surprisingly good news—snaps into sharp focus. Full bio
In Hans Rosling’s hands, data sings. Global trends in health and economics come to vivid life. And the big picture of global development—with some surprisingly good news—snaps into sharp focus. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
I'm going to talk about religion.
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Budem rozprávať o náboženstve.
00:20
But it's a broad and very delicate subject,
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Ale keďže je to veľmi široká a citlivá téma,
00:25
so I have to limit myself.
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zúžim ju.
00:27
And therefore I will limit myself
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Zúžim ju tak, že budem rozprávať len
00:29
to only talk about the links between religion and sexuality.
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o vzťahu náboženstva a sexuality.
00:33
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
00:35
This is a very serious talk.
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Toto je vážna vec.
00:38
So I will talk of what I remember as the most wonderful.
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Budem rozprávať o tom, na čo spomínam ako na to najkrajšie.
00:42
It's when the young couple whisper,
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To je keď si mladý pár šepká,
00:44
"Tonight we are going to make a baby."
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"Dnes splodíme bábätko."
00:47
My talk will be about the impact of religions
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Moja prednáška bude o vplyve náboženstva
00:53
on the number of babies per woman.
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na počet detí na ženu.
00:57
This is indeed important,
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Toto je naozaj dôležité,
00:58
because everyone understands
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pretože každý chápe,
01:00
that there is some sort of limit
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že je tu nejaký limit
01:02
on how many people we can be on this planet.
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počtu ľudí na tejto planéte.
01:05
And there are some people
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Niektorí ľudia hovoria,
01:07
who say that the world population is growing like this --
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že svetová populácia rastie takto --
01:11
three billion in 1960,
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tri miliardy v roku 1960,
01:13
seven billion just last year --
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sedem miliárd práve minulý rok --
01:15
and it will continue to grow
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a rast bude pokračovať,
01:17
because there are religions that stop women from having few babies,
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pretože niektoré náboženstvá budú brániť malému počtu detí,
01:21
and it may continue like this.
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a možno to bude pokračovať takto.
01:23
To what extent are these people right?
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Do akej miery majú tí ľudia pravdu?
01:27
When I was born there was less than one billion children in the world,
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Keď som sa narodil, bola na svete menej ako jedna miliarda detí,
01:32
and today, 2000, there's almost two billion.
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a dnes, okolo roku 2000, sú ich takmer dve miliardy.
01:36
What has happened since,
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Čo sa stalo odvtedy,
01:38
and what do the experts predict will happen
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a aká je predpoveď
01:40
with the number of children during this century?
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pre počet detí v tomto storočí?
01:43
This is a quiz. What do you think?
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To je kvíz. Čo si myslíte?
01:45
Do you think it will decrease to one billion?
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Myslíte si, že klesne na jednu miliardu?
01:49
Will it remain the same and be two billion by the end of the century?
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Zostane rovnaká a bude dve miliardy na konci storočia?
01:53
Will the number of children increase each year up to 15 years,
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Bude sa počet detí každý rok zvyšovať pomalším tempom
01:57
or will it continue in the same fast rate
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alebo bude pokračovať rovnakým
01:59
and be four billion children up there?
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a tu hore dosiahne štyri miliardy?
02:02
I will tell you by the end of my speech.
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Poviem vám na konci mojej prednášky.
02:05
But now, what does religion have to do with it?
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Ale teraz, čo s tým má spoločné náboženstvo?
02:10
When you want to classify religion,
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Keď chcete klasifikovať náboženstvo,
02:13
it's more difficult than you think.
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je to trochu problém.
02:14
You go to Wikipedia and the first map you find is this.
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Keď pôjdete na Wikipediu, prvá mapa, ktorú nájdete je táto.
02:17
It divides the world into Abrahamic religions and Eastern religion,
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Rozdeľuje svet na abrahamické a východné náboženstvá,
02:23
but that's not detailed enough.
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a to nie je dosť detailné.
02:25
So we went on and we looked in Wikipedia, we found this map.
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Tak sme šli ďalej a našli sme túto mapu.
02:28
But that subdivides Christianity, Islam and Buddhism
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Ale tá rozdeľuje kresťanstvo, islam a budhizmus
02:33
into many subgroups,
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na mnoho podkategórií,
02:35
which was too detailed.
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čo je príliš detailné.
02:36
Therefore at Gapminder we made our own map,
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Preto sme si v Gapminderi urobili vlastnú mapu
02:40
and it looks like this.
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a vyzerá takto.
02:42
Each country's a bubble.
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Každá krajina je bublina.
02:45
The size is the population -- big China, big India here.
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Veľkosť je populácia -- veľká Čína, veľká India tu.
02:49
And the color now is the majority religion.
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A farba je hlavné náboženstvo.
02:53
It's the religion where more than 50 percent of the people
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To je to, ku ktorému patrí viac ako
02:56
say that they belong.
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50 percent ľudí.
02:57
It's Eastern religion in India and China and neighboring Asian countries.
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Tu sú východné náboženstvá v Indii a Číne a susedných ázijských krajinách.
03:02
Islam is the majority religion
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Islam je hlavné náboženstvo
03:04
all the way from the Atlantic Ocean across the Middle East,
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všade od Atlantického oceána cez Stredný Východ,
03:08
Southern Europe and through Asia
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južnú Európu a cez Áziu
03:10
all the way to Indonesia.
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až po Indonéziu.
03:12
That's where we find Islamic majority.
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Tam nájdeme islamistickú väčšinu.
03:15
And Christian majority religions, we see in these countries. They are blue.
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A kresťanské náboženstvá, tie vidíme v týchto krajinách. Sú modré.
03:20
And that is most countries in America and Europe,
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A to je väčšina krajín v Amerike a v Európe,
03:24
many countries in Africa and a few in Asia.
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mnoho krajín v Afrike a pár v Ázii.
03:28
The white here are countries which cannot be classified,
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Biele sú krajiny, ktoré nemohli byť klasifikované,
03:30
because one religion does not reach 50 percent
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pretože žiadne náboženstvo nedosiahlo 50 percent
03:33
or there is doubt about the data or there's some other reason.
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alebo sú tam nedôveryhodné alebo chýbajúce údaje.
03:36
So we were careful with that.
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Takže sme boli opatrní.
03:38
So bear with our simplicity now when I take you over to this shot.
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Myslite na to zovšeobecnenie.
03:42
This is in 1960.
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Toto je rok 1960.
03:44
And now I show the number of babies per woman here:
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A teraz vám ukážem počet detí na ženu tu:
03:48
two, four or six --
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dve, štyri alebo šesť --
03:51
many babies, few babies.
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veľa detí, málo detí.
03:53
And here the income per person in comparable dollars.
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A tu je príjem na osobu v porovnateľných dolároch.
03:56
The reason for that is that many people say you have to get rich first
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Ukazujem to preto, lebo veľa ľudí hovorí, že najprv musíte mať peniaze,
04:00
before you get few babies.
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aby ste mohli mať málo detí.
04:01
So low income here, high income there.
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Takže malý príjem tu, vysoký príjem tam.
04:05
And indeed in 1960,
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A naozaj v 1960 ste museli byť
04:07
you had to be a rich Christian to have few babies.
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bohatý kresťan, aby ste mali málo detí.
04:09
The exception was Japan.
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Výnimkou je Japonsko.
04:12
Japan here was regarded as an exception.
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Japonsko sa považuje za výnimku.
04:15
Otherwise it was only Christian countries.
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Inak to bolo len v kresťanských krajinách.
04:17
But there was also many Christian countries
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Ale bolo tiež veľa kresťanských krajín,
04:19
that had six to seven babies per woman.
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v ktorých mali ženy šesť alebo sedem detí.
04:22
But they were in Latin America or they were in Africa.
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Ale tie boli buď v Latinskej Amerike alebo v Afrike.
04:27
And countries with Islam as the majority religion,
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A krajiny, v ktorých prevládal islam,
04:31
all of them almost had six to seven children per woman,
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všetky z nich mali takmer šesť alebo sedem detí na ženu,
04:36
irregardless of the income level.
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bez ohľadu na príjem.
04:38
And all the Eastern religions except Japan had the same level.
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A všetky východné náboženstvá okrem Japonska mali rovnakú úroveň.
04:43
Now let's see what has happened in the world.
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Teraz sa pozrime, čo sa stalo so svetom.
04:45
I start the world, and here we go.
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Pustím svet a pozrite sa.
04:46
Now 1962 -- can you see they're getting a little richer,
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V roku 1962 môžete vidieť, že ľudia trošku bohatnú,
04:50
but the number of babies per woman is falling?
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ale klesá počet detí na ženu?
04:52
Look at China. They're falling fairly fast.
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Pozrite na Čínu. Tí padajú veľmi rýchlo.
04:55
And all of the Muslim majority countries across the income are coming down,
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Všetky islamské krajiny bez ohľadu na príjem klesajú,
04:59
as do the Christian majority countries in the middle income range.
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tak isto ako kresťanské krajiny so stredným príjmom.
05:04
And when we enter into this century,
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A keď vstúpime do tohto storočia,
05:07
you'll find more than half of mankind down here.
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nájdete viac ako polovicu ľudstva tu dole.
05:10
And by 2010, we are actually 80 percent of humans
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Do roku 2010, máme dokonca 80 percent ľudí,
05:15
who live in countries with about two children per woman.
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ktorí žijú v krajinách s dvoma deťmi na ženu.
05:19
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
05:23
It's a quite amazing development which has happened.
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Celkom zaujímavé, ako sa veci vyvinuli.
05:27
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
05:28
And these are countries from United States here,
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A tieto krajiny sú od Spojených štátov tu,
05:31
with $40,000 per capita,
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s 40 000 dolármi na osobu,
05:34
France, Russia, Iran,
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cez Francúzsko, Rusko, Irán
05:37
Mexico, Turkey, Algeria,
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Mexiko, Turecko, Alžirsko,
05:40
Indonesia, India
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Indonéziu, Indiu
05:42
and all the way to Bangladesh and Vietnam,
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až po Bangladéš a Vietnam,
05:45
which has less than five percent of the income per person of the United States
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ktoré majú menej ako päť percent príjmu na osobu oproti USA
05:49
and the same amount of babies per woman.
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a rovnaký počet detí na ženu.
05:52
I can tell you that the data on the number of children per woman
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Môžem vám povedať, že údaje o počte detí na ženu
05:56
is surprisingly good in all countries.
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sú prekvapujúco obšírne vo všetkých krajinách.
05:58
We get that from the census data.
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Tie máme zo sčítaní ľudu.
06:00
It's not one of these statistics which is very doubtful.
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Takže ani jedna z týchto štatistík nie je pochybná.
06:03
So what we can conclude
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Takže sa môžeme zhodnúť,
06:04
is you don't have to get rich to have few children.
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že nemusíte byť bohatý na to, aby ste mali málo detí.
06:07
It has happened across the world.
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To vidíme po celom svete.
06:09
And then when we look at religions,
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A keď sa pozrieme na náboženstvá,
06:12
we can see that the Eastern religions,
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môžeme vidieť, že východné náboženstvá,
06:15
indeed there's not one single country with a majority of that religion
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nie je ani jedna krajina s väčšinovým východným náboženstvom,
06:18
that has more than three children.
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ktorá má viac ako tri deti na ženu.
06:19
Whereas with Islam as a majority religion and Christianity,
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Zatiaľčo pri islame a kresťanstve vidíte
06:24
you see countries all the way.
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krajiny aj s malým aj s veľkým počtom detí.
06:25
But there's no major difference.
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Nie sú tam veľké rozdiely.
06:27
There's no major difference between these religions.
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Nie je veľký rozdiel medzi týmito náboženstvami.
06:31
There is a difference with income.
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Sú tam rozdiely, keď sa pozrieme na príjmy.
06:33
The countries which have many babies per woman here,
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Krajiny, ktoré majú veľa detí,
06:37
they have quite low income.
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majú pomerne nízke príjmy.
06:39
Most of them are in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Väčšina z nich je v subsaharskej Afrike.
06:42
But there are also countries here
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Ale tiež sú tam krajiny ako
06:45
like Guatemala, like Papua New Guinea,
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Guatemala, Papua Nová Guinea,
06:49
like Yemen and Afghanistan.
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Jemen alebo Afganistan.
06:52
Many think that Afghanistan here and Congo,
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Veľa ľudí si myslí, že Afganistan a Kongo,
06:56
which have suffered severe conflicts,
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ktoré trpeli vážnymi konfliktami na svojom území,
06:59
that they don't have fast population growth.
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nebudú mať taký rýchly rast populácie.
07:02
It's the other way around.
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A pritom je to naopak.
07:04
In the world today, it's the countries that have the highest mortality rates
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V dnešnom svete majú najrýchlejší rast populácie tie krajiny,
07:08
that have the fastest population growth.
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ktoré majú najvyššiu úmrtnosť novorodencov.
07:10
Because the death of a child is compensated by one more child.
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Pretože smrť jedného dieťaťa prekoná rodič ďalším dieťaťom.
07:14
These countries have six children per woman.
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Tieto krajiny majú šesť detí na ženu.
07:17
They have a sad death rate of one to two children per woman.
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Majú smutnú úmrtnosť jedného až dvoch detí na ženu.
07:21
But 30 years from now, Afghanistan will go from 30 million to 60 million.
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Ale o 30 rokov bude mať Afganistan namiesto dnešných 30 miliónov 60 miliónov.
07:25
Congo will go from 60 to 120.
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Kongo prejde od 60 na 120.
07:28
That's where we have the fast population growth.
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Tam máme vysoký rast populácie.
07:31
And many think that these countries are stagnant, but they are not.
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A mnohí si pritom myslia, že populácia týchto krajín stagnuje.
07:35
Let me compare Senegal, a Muslim dominated country,
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Porovnám Senegal, islamskú krajinu,
07:39
with a Christian dominated country, Ghana.
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s kresťanskou krajinou, Ghanou.
07:41
I take them backwards here to their independence,
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Posuniem ich späť, do roku kedy získali nezávislosť,
07:45
when they were up here in the beginning of the 1960s.
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na začiatku 60-tych rokov boli tu hore.
07:49
Just look what they have done.
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Pozrime sa, čo urobili.
07:51
It's an amazing improvement,
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Je to úžasné zlepšenie,
07:52
from seven children per woman,
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zo siedmich detí na ženu,
07:55
they've gone all the way down to between four and five.
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zišli celú tú cestu dolu na štyri až päť.
07:58
It's a tremendous improvement.
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To je úžasné zlepšenie.
07:59
So what does it take?
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Čo k nemu treba?
08:01
Well we know quite well what is needed in these countries.
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Vieme celkom dobre, čo tieto krajiny potrebujú.
08:04
You need to have children to survive.
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Potrebujeme, aby tam deti prežili.
08:07
You need to get out of the deepest poverty
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Potrebujeme, aby sa dostali z najhoršej chudoby,
08:09
so children are not of importance for work in the family.
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aby deti neboli potrebné ako pracovná sila.
08:13
You need to have access to some family planning.
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A potrebujeme prístup k nejakému spôsobu plánovania rodičovstva.
08:16
And you need the fourth factor, which perhaps is the most important factor.
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A potrebujeme štvrtý, asi najdôležitejší faktor.
08:20
But let me illustrate that fourth factor
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Ukážem vám ho na príklade
08:23
by looking at Qatar.
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Kataru.
08:25
Here we have Qatar today, and there we have Bangladesh today.
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Tu máme Katar dnes a tu máme Bangladéš dnes.
08:29
If I take these countries back to the years of their independence,
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Ak vezmem tieto krajiny späť do obdobia, keď získali nezávislosť,
08:33
which is almost the same year -- '71, '72 --
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čo je skoro rovnaký rok -- 1971, 1972 --
08:36
it's a quite amazing development which had happened.
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tak sa to vyvinulo celkom zaujímavo.
08:40
Look at Bangladesh and Qatar.
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Pozrite sa na Bangladéš a Katar.
08:41
With so different incomes, it's almost the same drop
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S tak rozdielnymi príjmami, je to takmer taký istý pokles
08:45
in number of babies per woman.
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v počte detí na ženu.
08:47
And what is the reason in Qatar?
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Aká je príčina v Katare?
08:49
Well I do as I always do.
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Urobil som to, čo vždy.
08:50
I went to the statistical authority of Qatar, to their webpage --
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Šiel som na stránku štatistickej autority v Katare --
08:54
It's a very good webpage. I recommend it --
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Je to veľmi dobrá stránka, odporúčam --
08:56
and I looked up -- oh yeah, you can have lots of fun here --
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A našiel som -- to áno, tu sa zabavíte --
09:03
and provided free of charge, I found Qatar's social trends.
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našiel som zadarmo dostupné katarské spoločenské trendy.
09:07
Very interesting. Lots to read.
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Veľmi zaujímavé. Veľa čítania.
09:09
I found fertility at birth, and I looked at total fertility rate per woman.
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Našiel som pôrodnosť, pozrel som sa na počet pôrodov na ženu.
09:14
These are the scholars and experts in the government agency in Qatar,
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Títo vedci a experti z vládnej agentúry v Katare
09:17
and they say the most important factors are:
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hovoria, že najdôležitejšie je:
09:20
"Increased age at first marriage,
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"Zvýšte vek pri vstupe do prvého manželstva,
09:22
increased educational level of Qatari woman
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zvýšte úroveň vzdelania katarských žien
09:25
and more women integrated in the labor force."
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a zapojte viac žien na trh práce."
09:28
I couldn't agree more. Science couldn't agree more.
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Úplne s tým súhlasím. Veda s tým úplne súhlasí.
09:32
This is a country that indeed has gone through
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Táto krajina naozaj prešla
09:34
a very, very interesting modernization.
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veľmi veľmi zaujímavou modernizáciou.
09:38
So what it is, is these four:
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Takže sú to tieto štyri faktory:
09:41
Children should survive, children shouldn't be needed for work,
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Deti musia prežiť, deti nie sú potrebné ako pracovná sila,
09:44
women should get education and join the labor force
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ženy musia dostať vzdelanie a zapojiť sa do trhu práce,
09:47
and family planning should be accessible.
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a plánovanie rodičovstva by malo byť prístupné.
09:49
Now look again at this.
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Pozrime sa na to znovu.
09:52
The average number of children in the world
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Priemerný počet detí na ženu vo svete je
09:55
is like in Colombia -- it's 2.4 today.
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taký, ako v Kolumbii -- 2.4.
09:58
There are countries up here which are very poor.
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Tieto krajiny sú veľmi chudobné.
10:01
And that's where family planning, better child survival is needed.
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Tam je potrebné plánovanie rodičovstva a nižšia detská úmrtnosť.
10:05
I strongly recommend Melinda Gates' last TEDTalk.
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Veľmi odporúčam poslednú prednášku Melindy Gates.
10:09
And here, down, there are many countries which are less than two children per woman.
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A tu dolu je veľa krajín, v ktorých majú ženy menej ako dve deti.
10:14
So when I go back now to give you the answer of the quiz,
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Keď sa teraz vrátim a poviem vám odpoveď na ten kvíz,
10:18
it's two.
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je to druhá možnosť.
10:19
We have reached peak child.
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Dosiahli sme vrchol počtu detí.
10:22
The number of children is not growing any longer in the world.
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Počet detí vo svete už nebude rásť.
10:25
We are still debating peak oil,
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Stále diskutujeme o vrchole spotreby ropy,
10:27
but we have definitely reached peak child.
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ale určite sme dosiahli vrchol počtu detí.
10:30
And the world population will stop growing.
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A svetová populácia stále rastie.
10:32
The United Nations Population Division has said
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Divízia populácie OSN povedala,
10:35
it will stop growing at 10 billion.
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že sa zastavíme na 10 miliardách.
10:37
But why do they grow if the number of children doesn't grow?
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Ale ako môže populácia rásť, keď nerastie počet detí?
10:41
Well I will show you here.
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Ukážem vám to.
10:43
I will use these card boxes in which your notebooks came.
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Použijem krabice od vašich notebookov.
10:47
They are quite useful for educational purposes.
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Sú celkom užitočné ako výukové pomôcky.
10:51
Each card box is one billion people.
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Každá krabica je miliarda ľudí.
10:54
And there are two billion children in the world.
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A na svete sú dve miliardy detí.
10:57
There are two billion young people between 15 and 30.
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A dve miliardy mladých ľudí vo veku 15 až 30.
11:04
These are rounded numbers.
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To sú zaokrúhlené čísla.
11:05
Then there is one billion between 30 and 45,
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A je tu jedna miliarda vo veku 30 až 45
11:10
almost one between 45 and 60.
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a takmer jedna miliarda vo veku 45 až 60.
11:14
And then it's my box.
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A potom moja krabica.
11:15
This is me: 60-plus.
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Toto som ja: 60 a viac.
11:18
We are here on top.
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My sme na vrchu.
11:20
So what will happen now is what we call "the big fill-up."
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A stane sa to, čo voláme "veľké zaplnenie".
11:25
You can see that it's like three billion missing here.
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Môžete vidieť, že akoby tu tri miliardy chýbali.
11:28
They are not missing because they've died; they were never born.
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Ale oni nechýbajú preto, že tí ľudia zomreli, oni sa nikdy nenarodili.
11:32
Because before 1980, there were much fewer people born
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Pretože pred rokom 1980 sa rodilo omnoho menej detí
11:36
than there were during the last 30 years.
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ako za posledných 30 rokov.
11:39
So what will happen now is quite straightforward.
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Stane sa toto, je to celkom jednoduché.
11:42
The old, sadly, we will die.
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Tí starí zomrú.
11:45
The rest of you, you will grow older and you will get two billion children.
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Zvyšok zostarne a narodia sa dve miliardy detí.
11:50
Then the old will die.
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Potom tí starí zomrú.
11:52
The rest will grow older and get two billion children.
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Zvyšok znovu zostarne a narodia sa dve miliardy detí.
11:56
And then again the old will die and you will get two billion children.
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A potom starí znovu zomrú a narodia sa dve miliardy detí.
12:02
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
12:04
This is the great fill-up.
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To je veľké zaplnenie.
12:08
It's inevitable.
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Je to nevyhnutné.
12:11
And can you see that this increase took place
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A vidíte, že tento nárast nezávisí
12:13
without life getting longer and without adding children?
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na predĺžení života ani na zvýšení počtu detí.
12:18
Religion has very little to do with the number of babies per woman.
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Náboženstvá nemajú veľký vplyv na počet detí na ženu.
12:23
All the religions in the world are fully capable
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Všetky náboženstvá na svete sú schopné
12:26
to maintain their values and adapt to this new world.
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udržať si svoje hodnoty a prispôsobiť sa tomuto novému svetu.
12:32
And we will be just 10 billion in this world,
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A bude nás len 10 miliárd na tomto svete,
12:37
if the poorest people get out of poverty,
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ak sa najchudobnejší dostanú z chudoby,
12:40
their children survive, they get access to family planning.
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ich deti prežijú a budú si rodičovstvo plánovať.
12:44
That is needed.
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To potrebujeme.
12:45
But it's inevitable that we will be two to three billion more.
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Ale je nevyhnutné, že nás bude o tri miliardy viac.
12:51
So when you discuss and when you plan
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Takže keď budete diskutovať a plánovať
12:54
for the resources and the energy needed for the future,
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zdroje a energiu potrebnú pre budúcnosť,
12:58
for human beings on this planet,
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pre ľudí na tejto planéte,
13:00
you have to plan for 10 billion.
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musíte plánovať pre 10 miliárd ľudí.
13:02
Thank you very much.
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Ďakujem veľmi pekne.
13:04
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Hans Rosling - Global health expert; data visionaryIn Hans Rosling’s hands, data sings. Global trends in health and economics come to vivid life. And the big picture of global development—with some surprisingly good news—snaps into sharp focus.
Why you should listen
Even the most worldly and well-traveled among us have had their perspectives shifted by Hans Rosling. A professor of global health at Sweden's Karolinska Institute, his work focused on dispelling common myths about the so-called developing world, which (as he pointed out) is no longer worlds away from the West. In fact, most of the Third World is on the same trajectory toward health and prosperity, and many countries are moving twice as fast as the west did.
What set Rosling apart wasn't just his apt observations of broad social and economic trends, but the stunning way he presented them. Guaranteed: You've never seen data presented like this. A presentation that tracks global health and poverty trends should be, in a word: boring. But in Rosling's hands, data sings. Trends come to life. And the big picture — usually hazy at best — snaps into sharp focus.
Rosling's presentations were grounded in solid statistics (often drawn from United Nations and World Bank data), illustrated by the visualization software he developed. The animations transform development statistics into moving bubbles and flowing curves that make global trends clear, intuitive and even playful. During his legendary presentations, Rosling took this one step farther, narrating the animations with a sportscaster's flair.
Rosling developed the breakthrough software behind his visualizations through his nonprofit Gapminder, founded with his son and daughter-in-law. The free software — which can be loaded with any data — was purchased by Google in March 2007. (Rosling met the Google founders at TED.)
Rosling began his wide-ranging career as a physician, spending many years in rural Africa tracking a rare paralytic disease (which he named konzo) and discovering its cause: hunger and badly processed cassava. He co-founded Médecins sans Frontièrs (Doctors without Borders) Sweden, wrote a textbook on global health, and as a professor at the Karolinska Institut in Stockholm initiated key international research collaborations. He's also personally argued with many heads of state, including Fidel Castro.
Hans Rosling passed away in February 2017. He is greatly missed.
Hans Rosling | Speaker | TED.com