TED2014
Charmian Gooch: My wish: To launch a new era of openness in business
查米安▪古奇: 我的愿望：为商业公开化开启一个新时代
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匿名公司维护堕落败坏的个体- 从臭名昭著的贩毒集团领导人到邪恶的军火商 - 躲藏于神秘的面纱之后，要找到这些人并给他们定罪几乎是不可能完成的任务。但反贪污活动家查米安▪古奇希望改变所有这一切。在TED2014上，她分享了让她获得TED大奖的勇敢愿望：弄清谁拥有和控制这些公司，改变法律，并开启一个商业公开透明化的新时代。
Charmian Gooch - Anti-corruption activist
Charmian Gooch is the 2014 TED Prize winner. At Global Witness, she exposes how a global architecture of corruption is woven into the extraction and exploitation of natural resources. Full bio
Charmian Gooch is the 2014 TED Prize winner. At Global Witness, she exposes how a global architecture of corruption is woven into the extraction and exploitation of natural resources. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
我今天来到这里
00:12
I've come here today
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00:13
to talk to you about a problem.
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想和你们谈一个问题。
00:16
It's a very simple yet devastating problem,
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这是个非常简单却又严重的问题，
00:19
one that spans the globe
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这个问题遍及全球
00:21
and is affecting all of us.
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并影响着我们所有人。
00:24
The problem is
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这个问题就是
00:26
anonymous companies.
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匿名公司。
00:29
It sounds like a really dry and technical thing,
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它听起来非常枯燥且专业性强，
00:31
doesn't it?
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不是吗？
00:32
But anonymous companies are making it difficult
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但是匿名公司正在制造一个难题
00:34
and sometimes impossible
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甚至有时是不可能解决的难题
00:37
to find out
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那就是找出
00:39
the actual human beings responsible
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真正应担负责任的人类
00:42
sometimes for really terrible crimes.
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当他们犯了非常可怕的罪行的时候。
00:47
So, why am I here talking to all of you?
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那我为什么跟你们说这些呢？
00:52
Well, I guess I am a lifelong troublemaker
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我想我终身就是个麻烦制造者
00:56
and when my parents taught my twin brother and I
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在我父母教育我和我的双胞胎哥哥
00:59
to question authority,
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要质疑权威的时候，
01:01
I don't think they knew where it might lead.
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我猜他们当时并不知道
这会带来怎样的后果。
这会带来怎样的后果。
01:03
(Laughter)
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(笑声)
01:04
And, they probably really regretted it
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他们可能真的后悔了
01:06
during my stroppy teenage years when, predictably,
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你可以猜得到，
在我难以被驾驭的青春期，
在我难以被驾驭的青春期，
01:09
I questioned their authority a lot.
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我对他们的权威提出了很多的质疑。
01:11
And a lot of my school teachers
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对我的很多老师也一样，
01:13
didn't appreciate it much either.
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他们并没有很欣赏这点。
01:16
You see, since the age of about five
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从我5岁起
01:18
I've always asked the question, but why?
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我就总是问为什么？
01:22
But why does the Earth go around the sun?
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为什么地球绕着太阳转？
01:25
But why is blood red?
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为什么血是红色的？
（演讲背景字幕：可是，为什么？）
（演讲背景字幕：可是，为什么？）
01:26
But why do I have to go to school?
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为什么我必须要上学啊？
01:29
But why do I have to respect the teachers
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为什么我必须尊重老师，
01:31
and authority?
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和他们的权威？
01:33
And little did I realize
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我当时并未意识到
01:34
that this question would become the basis
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这个问题后来成了
01:37
of everything I would do.
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我做任何事的出发点。
01:40
And so it was
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于是就这样
01:42
in my twenties, a long time ago,
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在我二十几岁的时候，
那是很久以前
那是很久以前
01:44
that one rainy Sunday afternoon in North London
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一个阴雨的礼拜天下午，
在伦敦北部
在伦敦北部
01:48
I was sitting with Simon Taylor
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我跟西蒙.泰勒
01:50
and Patrick Alley
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还有帕特里克.艾力坐在一起
01:52
and we were busy stuffing envelopes
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在活动组织办公室
01:54
for a mail out in the office of the campaign group
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忙着填塞信封准备寄出。
01:57
where we worked at the time.
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我们当时在那工作。
01:59
And as usual, we were talking
about the world's problems.
about the world's problems.
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和往常一样，我们谈论着世界问题。
02:03
And in particular, we were talking about
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特别的是，我们当时谈论的
02:05
the civil war in Cambodia.
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是柬埔寨的内战。
02:08
And we had talked about that
many, many times before.
many, many times before.
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我们以前已经讨论过这个许多次了。
02:12
But then suddenly we stopped
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但突然我们都停了下来
02:14
and looked at each other
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看着对方
02:16
and said, but why don't we try and change this?
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然后说：为什么我们不试着去改变它呢？
02:20
And from that slightly crazy question,
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从那个有点疯狂的问题开始，
02:23
over two decades
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二十多年来
02:25
and many campaigns later,
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在许多次公众宣传之后，
02:27
including alerting the world
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包括警醒世人
02:29
to the problem of blood diamonds funding war,
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关于血钻战争的问题，
02:32
from that crazy question,
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从那个疯狂的问题开始，
02:34
Global Witness is now an 80-strong team
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环球目击者这个组织,
现在已经拥有80个强劲的团队
现在已经拥有80个强劲的团队
02:37
of campaigners, investigators,
journalists and lawyers.
journalists and lawyers.
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其中包含了活动家、
观察者、记者和律师。
观察者、记者和律师。
02:41
And we're all driven by the same belief,
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我们怀着同样的信念，
02:44
that change really is possible.
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相信改变是完全可能的。
02:48
So, what exactly does Global Witness do?
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那环球目击者究竟是做什么的呢？
02:51
We investigate, we report,
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我们开展调查，
我们进行报道，
我们进行报道，
02:53
to uncover the people really responsible
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揭露应该承担责任的罪魁祸首
02:56
for funding conflict --
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他们为战争提供资金
02:58
for stealing millions from citizens around the world,
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从全球民众手中盗取大量财物，
03:02
also known as state looting,
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这种行为也叫做国家掠夺，
03:03
and for destroying the environment.
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他们也破坏环境。
03:06
And then we campaign hard to
change the system itself.
change the system itself.
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我们为了改变系统本身
而很努力得开展活动。
而很努力得开展活动。
03:11
And we're doing this because
so many of the countries
so many of the countries
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我们之所以这么做
是因为太多国家
是因为太多国家
03:14
rich in natural resources
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拥有充沛的自然资源
03:16
like oil or diamonds or timber
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譬如说石油、钻石或者林木
03:19
are home to some of the poorest
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却是这个星球上一些最贫穷和
03:21
and most dispossessed people on the planet.
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最一无所有人们的家园。
03:25
And much of this injustice
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这种不公平
03:27
is made possible
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之所以变为可能
03:29
by currently accepted business practices.
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是依靠如今还被允许的商业行为。
03:32
And one of these is anonymous companies.
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其中一项就是匿名公司。
03:37
Now we've come up against anonymous companies
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我们已经对匿名公司发起了挑战
03:39
in lots of our investigations,
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得助于我们许多的调查，
03:41
like in the Democratic Republic of Congo,
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譬如在刚果民主共和国，
03:43
where we exposed how secretive deals
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我们揭露了秘密交易
03:46
involving anonymous companies
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如何通过匿名公司
03:48
had deprived the citizens
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来剥削公民
03:50
of one of the poorest countries on the planet
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这是世界上最贫穷国家之一
03:54
of well over a billion dollars.
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而其金额远超过十亿美元。
03:56
That's twice the country's health
and education budget combined.
and education budget combined.
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那是这个国家公共和教育经费
总和的两倍。
总和的两倍。
04:01
Or in Liberia,
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比如在利比里亚，
04:03
where an international predatory logging company
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一个国际掠夺性伐木公司
04:06
used front companies as it attempted to grab
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使用幌子公司打掩护
04:08
a really huge chunk of Liberia's unique forests.
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来谋取利比里亚大量独有的森林资源
04:12
Or political corruption in Sarawak, Malaysia,
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又比如在马来西亚的砂拉越，
04:15
which has led to the destruction
of much of its forests.
of much of its forests.
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政治腐败导致很多林木遭到破坏。
04:19
Well, that uses anonymous companies too.
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当然，在那里也利用了匿名公司。
04:23
We secretly filmed some of the family
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我们偷偷拍摄了
04:25
of the former chief minister and a lawyer
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一位前任部长的一些家庭成员
和一位律师
和一位律师
04:28
as they told our undercover investigator
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他们向我们的卧底调查员透露了
04:30
exactly how these dubious deals are done
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可疑交易究竟是如何
04:33
using such companies.
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通过这样的公司达成的。
04:36
And the awful thing is,
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而且糟糕的是，
04:38
there are so many other examples out there
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有太多这样的例子
04:41
from all walks of life.
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存在于各行各界。
04:45
This truly is a scandal of epic proportions
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这确实是一个非常重要的丑闻，
04:49
hidden in plain sight.
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而且就隐藏于公众眼皮之下。
04:52
Whether it's the ruthless Mexican drugs cartel,
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不论是不是无情的墨西哥贩毒团伙，
04:55
the Zetas,
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泽塔斯，
04:56
who use anonymous companies
to launder profits
to launder profits
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他们利用匿名公司来洗钱
04:58
while their drugs-related violence
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与此同时他们的毒品暴力
05:00
is tearing communities apart across the Americas.
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正使美国各社区分崩离析。
05:05
Or the anonymous company,
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又比如一些匿名公司，
05:07
which bought up Americans' tax debts,
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通过收购美国的税收债务，
05:09
piled on the legal fees
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由此堆积相关的法律费用，
05:11
and then gave homeowners a choice:
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再借此去威胁原有的房屋主人：
05:12
Pay up or lose your home.
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把钱都付了，不然你将无家可归。
05:15
Imagine being threatened with losing your home
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想象一下你被威胁无家可归
05:18
sometimes over a debt of just a few hundred dollars,
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有时仅仅只是因为
一笔几百美元的债务，
一笔几百美元的债务，
05:21
and not being able to find out
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而且你还不知道
05:22
who you were really up against.
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你所面对的敌人究竟是谁。
05:26
Now anonymous companies
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如今，匿名公司
05:27
are great for sanctions busting too.
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也被用来打破国际制裁。
05:30
As the Iranian government found out
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伊朗政府就曾发现
05:33
when, through a series of front companies,
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通过一系列的幌子公司，
05:34
it owned a building in the very heart of Manhattan,
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他们其实在纽约曼哈顿
05:38
on Fifth Avenue,
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第五大道有一栋大楼，
05:40
despite American sanctions.
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尽管这是美国严加制裁的。
05:43
And Juicy Couture, home of of the velvet track suit,
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橘滋，这个天鹅绒运动套装的鼻祖，
05:46
and other companies were the unwitting,
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以及其他一些公司，
05:49
unknowing tenants there.
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都曾是不知情的大楼租用者。
05:52
There are just so many examples,
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有太多这样的例子了，
05:54
the horesemeat scandal in Europe,
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之前欧洲的马肉丑闻，
05:56
the Italian mafia, they've used these companies
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在意大利的黑帮，
05:59
for decades.
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他们已经使用匿名公司很多年了。
06:01
The $100 million American Medicare fraud,
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上亿美元的美国医疗保障欺诈案件，
06:06
the supply of weapons to wars around the world
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世界各地战乱之地武器的供应，
06:10
including those
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包括追溯到上世纪90年代
06:11
in Eastern Europe in the early '90s.
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东欧的一些国家
(都有匿名公司的出现)。
(都有匿名公司的出现)。
06:14
Anonymous companies
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匿名公司
06:15
have even come to light
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甚至还出现在
06:17
in the recent revolution in the Ukraine.
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最近的乌克兰骚乱中。
06:21
But, for every case that we and others expose
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但是，在每一个我们和其它组织
所披露案例的背后，
所披露案例的背后，
06:26
there are so many more that will remain hidden away
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还有太多的事件仍会被继续隐埋着，
06:29
because of the current system.
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这是因为现今的体制。
06:31
And it's just a simple truth
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这是个简单的事实
06:33
that some of the people responsible
for outrageous crimes,
for outrageous crimes,
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那些应该为蛮横罪行负责的人，
06:38
for stealing from you and me
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他们从你和我身上偷掠，
06:40
and millions of others,
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还包括其他很多人，
06:42
they are remaining faceless
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他们继续隐藏身份，
06:43
and they are escaping accountability
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他们继续逃避责任，
06:46
and they're doing this with ease,
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这些对他们来说很容易，
06:48
and they're doing it using legal structures.
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而且是通过合法手段完成的。
06:51
And really, that is unfair.
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这的确太不公平了。
06:56
Well, you might well ask,
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好了，你可能会问，
06:58
what exactly is an anonymous company,
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匿名公司到底是什么？
07:01
and can I really set one up, and use it,
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我真的可以创办并使用匿名公司，
07:04
without anyone knowing who I am?
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而且是在别人不知道我是谁的情况下？
07:06
Well, the answer is, yes you can.
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答案是：是的，你可以。
07:08
But if you're anything like me,
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但如果你和我一样，
07:10
you'll want to see some of that for yourself,
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你会想要自己来看看，
07:12
so let me show you.
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那让我来告诉你吧。
07:14
Well first you need to work out
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首先你要决定
07:15
where you want to set it up.
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在哪里建立公司。
07:17
Now, at this point you might be imagining
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在这个时候，你可能会想像
07:19
one of those lovely tropical island tax havens
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那些美丽的热带海岛
之中的某个避税天堂，
之中的某个避税天堂，
07:22
but here's the thing,
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但有一件事，
07:24
shockingly,
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令人很震惊，
07:26
my own hometown, London,
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我的故乡，伦敦，
07:28
and indeed the U.K.,
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对，也就是英国，
07:29
is one of the best places in the world
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是世界上最容易
07:32
to set up an anonymous company.
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建立匿名公司的地方之一。
07:35
And the other, even better,
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还有一个更好的地方，
07:38
I'm afraid that's America.
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很遗憾，那就是美国。
07:42
Do you know, in some states across America
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你知道在美国的一些州
07:44
you need less identification
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你需要更少的身份资料
07:46
to open up a company
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来开办一个公司
07:48
than you do to get a library card,
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比申请一个图书馆证还少，
07:51
like Delaware,
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比如说特拉华州，
07:52
which is one of the easiest places
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全球最容易
07:54
in the world to set up an anonymous company.
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建立匿名公司的地方之一，
07:58
Okay, so let's say it's America,
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好，那就让我们拿美国来举例，
08:00
and let's say it's Delaware,
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谈谈特拉华州，
08:02
and now you can simply go online
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你现在可以直接上网
08:04
and find yourself a company service provider.
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给自己找一个公司服务代理。
08:07
These are the companies that
can set your one up for you,
can set your one up for you,
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有这样的公司可以为你成立公司。
08:10
and remember, it's all legal,
routine business practice.
routine business practice.
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记住，这可都是合法的，
常规的商业行为。
常规的商业行为。
08:14
So, here's one,
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那么，这有一个选择，
08:16
but there are plenty of others to choose from.
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还有很多的其他类似的公司任你选择。
08:19
And having made your choice,
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等你做好了决定，
08:20
you then pick what type of company you want
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你就选择你想要的公司形式
08:23
and then fill in a contact, name and address.
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然后填写一个联系人，名字和地址。
08:26
But don't worry,
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不用担心，
08:27
it doesn't have to be your name.
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你不一定要写自己的名字。
08:29
It can be your lawyer's
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你可以写你的律师的，
08:30
or your service provider's,
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或者你的服务代理商的，
08:32
and it's not for the public record anyway.
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反正这不是为了公共记录。
08:36
And then you add the owner of the company.
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然后你要加上公司的所有者。
08:39
Now this is the key part,
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这是关键的一部分，
08:41
and again it doesn't have to be you,
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同样的，这不需要是你，
08:42
because you can get creative,
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因为你可以发挥想象，
08:45
because there is a whole universe
out there of nominees
out there of nominees
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因为可选的人比比皆是
08:48
to choose from.
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供你选择。
08:50
And nominees are the people that you
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这些人是你可以用合法的方式
08:52
can legally pay to be your company's owner.
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支付费用从而充当你公司拥有人的。
08:57
And if you don't want to involve anyone else,
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如果你不想把其他人搅进来，
08:59
it doesn't even have to be an actual human being.
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它甚至不需要是个真正的人，
09:02
It could be another company.
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它可以是另一个公司，
09:05
And then finally,
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最后，
09:06
give your company a name
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给你的公司取个名字
09:08
add a few more details and make your payment.
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加上一些具体信息，然后付费，
09:11
And then the service provider
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服务代理商会花上几个小时
09:12
will take a few hours or more to process it.
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或更长的时间来做处理。
09:15
But there you are,
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然而你就这么做到了，
09:16
in 10 minutes of online shopping
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在这个10分钟的网上购物过程中
09:19
you can create yourself an anonymous company.
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你可以给自己开办一个匿名公司。
09:23
And not only is it easy,
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这不仅简单，
09:24
really, really easy and cheap,
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非常简单和廉价，
09:27
it's totally legal too.
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也是完全是合法的。
09:29
But the fun doesn't have to end there,
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但这个乐趣还没有完，
09:33
maybe you want to be even more anonymous.
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可能你想更加隐秘。
09:36
Well, that's no problem either.
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这也没问题。
09:38
You can simply keep adding layers,
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你可以简单地一直制造幌子，
09:40
companies owned by companies.
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公司所拥有的公司，
09:43
You can have hundreds of layers
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你可以有一百层的幌子
09:44
with hundreds of companies spread across
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2088
几百个公司
09:46
lots of different countries,
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跨越很多不同的国家，
09:49
like a giant web,
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好像一个庞大的网络，
09:50
each layer adds anonymity.
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每一层幌子添加一层保密。
09:52
Each layer makes it more difficult
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每一层都是一个难题
09:54
for law enforcement and others
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这令法规执行者和其他人
09:56
to find out who the real owner is.
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3383
找出真正的所有者的任务更加困难。
10:00
But whose interests is this all serving?
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可是这一切都在为谁服务呢？
10:04
It might be in the interests of the company
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这可能对一个公司
10:06
or a particular individual,
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或者某个人有利，
10:07
but what about all of us, the public?
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可是对于我们大家，公众来说呢？
10:10
There hasn't even been a global conversation yet
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目前还没有一个全球性对话
10:13
about whether it's okay
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来讨论是否可以接受
10:14
to misuse companies in this way.
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这种滥用公司的行为。
10:17
And what does it all mean for us?
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这对我们来说又意味着什么呢?
10:21
Well, an example that really haunts me
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有一个案例一直困扰着我，
10:24
is one I came across recently.
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是我最近接触到的一个案例。
10:26
And it's that of a horrific fire
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1949
那是一场可怕的火灾
10:28
in a nightclub in Buenos Aires
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1785
发生在布宜諾斯艾利斯的一个夜店
（注：阿根廷首都）
（注：阿根廷首都）
10:30
about a decade ago.
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大约在十年前。
10:33
It was the night before New Year's Eve.
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2270
那是在新年夜前一天的晚上。
10:35
Three thousand very happy revelers,
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三千多名非常开心的狂欢者们，
10:37
many of them teenagers,
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大多数是青少年，
10:38
were crammed into a space meant for 1,000.
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3195
挤在一个仅能容纳一千人的地方。
10:41
And then tragedy struck,
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1173
然后悲剧降临了，
10:43
a fire broke out
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1603
火灾发生了
10:44
plastic decorations were melting from the ceiling
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2084
天花板上的塑料装潢开始融化
10:46
and toxic smoke filled the club.
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1976
毒气充满了整个夜店。
10:48
So people tried to escape
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2065
然后人们开始逃命
10:50
only to find that some of the fire doors
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2633
却发现一些防火门
10:53
had been chained shut.
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3661
被锁了起来。
10:57
Over 200 people died.
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2433
两百多人失去了生命。
10:59
Seven hundred were injured trying to get out.
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3759
七百多人在逃命的过程中受伤。
11:03
And as the victims' families
and the city and the country
and the city and the country
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3545
受害人的家人，
整个城市，整个国家
整个城市，整个国家
11:06
reeled in shock,
255
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1544
被震惊了，
11:08
investigators tried to find out who was responsible.
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3546
调查人员试图找出该负责的人。
11:11
And as they looked for the owners of the club,
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2491
当他们寻找这个夜店的拥有人时，
11:14
they found instead anonymous companies,
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3558
他们却找到了一些匿名公司，
11:18
and confusion surrounded the identities of those
259
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2294
和有关人员的身份谜团所带来的困惑
11:20
involved with the companies.
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2507
这些人有参与这些匿名公司。
11:22
Now ultimately, a range of people were charged
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670832
2462
最终，一群人被定了罪
11:25
and some went to jail.
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2027
其中一些进了监狱，
11:27
But this was an awful tragedy,
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1833
这是多么可怕的一个悲剧啊，
11:29
and it shouldn't have been so difficult
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1983
而且不应该这么困难吧
11:31
just to try and find out who was responsible
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3910
仅仅是想要弄清谁应该承担负责
11:35
for those deaths.
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683047
2961
为死难者们负责。
11:38
Because in an age
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1945
因为在这样一个时代
11:39
when there is so much information
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2254
有太多信息
11:42
out there in the open,
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690207
1997
公布于众，
11:44
why should this crucial information
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1674
为什么这样关键的信息
11:45
about company ownership
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1510
关系到公司的所有权
11:47
stay hidden away?
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1706
要保持隐藏呢？
11:49
Why should tax evaders, corrupt
government officials,
government officials,
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3725
为什么逃税者，政府贪官，
11:52
arms traders and more,
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2252
军火商，等等
11:55
be able to hide their identities from us, the public?
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703071
4038
能够避开我们大众，
隐藏他们的身份呢？
隐藏他们的身份呢？
11:59
Why should this secrecy be such
an accepted business practice?
an accepted business practice?
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5629
为什么这个秘密
是被允许的商业行为？
是被允许的商业行为？
12:04
Anonymous companies
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1688
匿名公司
12:06
might be the norm right now
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2209
或许现在是很平常的事，
12:08
but it wasn't always this way.
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2006
但它不是一直都是这样的。
12:10
Companies were created
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1797
我们建立公司
12:12
to give people a chance to innovate
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2272
是为了给人们创新的机会
12:14
and not have to put everything on the line.
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3663
而不需要承担失败的全部风险。
12:18
Companies were created to limit financial risk,
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3342
我们建立公司是为了限制财务风险，
12:21
they were never intended to
be used as a moral shield.
be used as a moral shield.
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4950
它们从来就不是用来作为道德盾牌的。
12:26
Companies were never intended to be anonymous,
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2274
我们从来就没有期望公司是匿名的，
12:28
and they don't have to be.
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736939
2416
而且它们没有必要是匿名的。
12:31
And so I come to my wish.
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2890
所以我的愿望
12:34
My wish is for us to know
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就是让大家知道
12:37
who owns and controls companies
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2726
谁拥有和控制公司
12:39
so that they can no longer be used anonymously
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这样公司从此不再能以匿名使用
12:42
against the public good.
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而违反公共利益。
12:45
Together let's ignite world opinion,
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让我们一起来点亮全球观点，
12:47
change the law,
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改变法律，
12:49
and launch a new era of openness in business.
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开启商业公开化的新时代。
12:54
So what might this look like?
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1632
但这个新时代可能会是怎样的呢？
12:55
Well, imagine if you could go online
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2569
好，我们想象如果你可以上网
12:58
and look up the real owner of a company.
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3117
查看一个公司的真正拥有者。
13:01
Imagine if this data were open and free,
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2772
想象这个信息是公开和免费的，
13:04
accessible across borders
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1711
超越国度，
13:05
for citizens and businesses
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1799
公民和企业
13:07
and law enforcement alike.
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1688
还有法律执行者等都可以查阅。
13:09
Imagine what a game changer that would be.
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4468
想象这所带来的变化会有多大。
13:13
So how are we going to do this?
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2503
那我们接下来应该怎么做呢？
13:16
Well, there is only one way.
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1446
这只有一条路。
13:17
Together, we have to change the law globally
305
785880
3251
齐心协力，我们可以
在世界各地推动法律改革
在世界各地推动法律改革
13:21
to create public registries
306
789131
1941
建立公共名册，
13:23
which list the true owners of companies
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2855
明细公司的真正拥有者
13:25
and can be accessed by all
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2036
供所有人查阅
13:27
with no loopholes.
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2129
没有任何漏洞。
13:30
And yes, this is ambitious,
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3732
是的，这是个雄心勃勃的计划，
13:33
but there is momentum on this issue,
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2391
但在这个问题上我们有推动力，
13:36
and over the years I have seen
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2044
这些年来我见识过
13:38
the sheer power of momentum,
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2332
推动力的绝对威力，
13:40
and it's just starting on this issue.
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2384
而且在这个问题上刚起步，
13:42
There is such an opportunity right now.
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3278
现在是个绝佳机会。
13:46
And the TED community
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2029
而且TED社区
13:48
of creative and innovative thinkers and doers
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3365
创意与革新的思想家们和行动者们
13:51
across all of society
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1897
分布于社会各个角落，
13:53
could make the crucial difference.
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3259
你们能够做出关键的贡献。
13:56
You really can make this change happen.
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3834
你们真的可以做到。
14:00
Now, a simple starting point
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1802
现在，一个简单的出发点
14:02
is the address behind me
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1466
就是我身后的这个地址
14:03
for a Facebook page that you can join now
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2359
你可以加入一个脸书网页
14:06
to support the campaign and spread the word.
324
834264
2746
来支持这个活动，广而告之。
14:09
It's going to be a springboard
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1424
这将是我们在全球
14:10
for our global campaigning.
326
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1961
开展活动的一个跳板。
14:12
And the techies among you,
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1475
你们身边的科技人士，
14:13
you could really help us create a prototype
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3373
可以帮助我们建立一个
14:17
public registry
329
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1720
公共注册的样板
14:18
to demonstrate what a powerful tool this could be.
330
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4876
来展示这个工具有多大的威力。
14:23
Campaign groups from around the world
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2511
全球的活动团队
14:26
have come together to work on this issue.
332
854350
4860
聚到一起，为解决这个问题而共同努力。
14:31
The U.K. government is already on board;
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3280
英国政府已经加入其中；
14:34
it supports these public registries.
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862490
2402
支持公共名册。
14:36
And just last week,
335
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1898
就在上周，
14:38
the European Parliament came on board
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2708
欧洲议会也加入进来
14:41
with a vote 600 to 30 in favor of public registries.
337
869498
5066
以六百对三十的压倒性投票数
支持公共名册。
支持公共名册。
14:46
That is momentum.
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2425
这就是推动力。
14:48
(Applause)
339
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3828
（掌声）
14:53
But it's early days.
340
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2305
然而这只是个开端。
14:56
America still needs to come on board,
341
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2492
美国也应该加入进来，
14:58
as do so many other countries.
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3577
还有很多其他的国家也一样。
15:02
And to succeed we will all together
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3109
为了成功，我们必须
15:05
need to help and push our politicians,
344
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2444
齐心协力帮助和推动我们的政治家们，
15:07
because without that,
345
895912
1587
因为如果没有这个，
15:09
real far-reaching, world-shifting change
346
897499
1968
真正长期的，颠覆世界的改变
15:11
just isn't going to happen.
347
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2701
是不会发生的。
15:14
Because this isn't just about changing the law,
348
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2689
因为这不仅仅是改变法律，
15:16
this is about starting a conversation
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2092
这是开始一个对话，
15:18
about what it's okay for companies to do,
350
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2393
关系到公司可以做什么，
15:21
and in what ways is it acceptable
to use company structures.
to use company structures.
351
909342
5034
并以何种方式来运用
公司结构是可以接受的，
公司结构是可以接受的，
15:26
This isn't just a dry policy issue.
352
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2773
这不是一个简单枯燥的政策问题，
15:29
This is a human issue
353
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1488
这是一个关系到我们所有人的
15:30
which affects us all.
354
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2658
人类问题。
15:33
This is about being on the right side of history.
355
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6404
这关系到我们是否
站在历史正确的一边。
站在历史正确的一边。
15:39
Global citizens, innovators,
business leaders, individuals,
business leaders, individuals,
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5358
全球公民们，创新者们，
商业领袖们，人们，
商业领袖们，人们，
15:45
we need you.
357
933057
1987
我们需要你们。
15:47
Together, let's kickstart this global movement.
358
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3510
让我们一起开动这个全球活动。
15:50
Let's just do it,
359
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1345
让我们即刻去行动吧，
15:51
let's end anonymous companies.
360
939899
3302
让我们结束匿名公司。
15:55
Thank you.
361
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2104
谢谢你。
15:57
(Applause)
362
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3446
（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Charmian Gooch - Anti-corruption activistCharmian Gooch is the 2014 TED Prize winner. At Global Witness, she exposes how a global architecture of corruption is woven into the extraction and exploitation of natural resources.
Why you should listen
Charmian Gooch co-founded the watchdog NGO Global Witness with colleagues Simon Taylor and Patrick Alley, in response to growing concerns over covert warfare funded by illicit trade in 1993. Since then, Global Witness has captured headlines for their exposé of "blood diamonds" in Uganda, of mineral exploitation in the Congo, of illegal timber trade between Cambodia and Thailand, and more. With unique expertise on the shadowy threads connecting corrupt businesses and governments, Global Witness continues its quest to uncover and root out the sources of exploitation.
In 2014, Gooch and Global Witness were awarded the $1 million TED Prize, along with the Skoll Award for Social Entrepreneurship, for their campaign to end anonymous companies. Gooch's TED Prize wish: for us to know who ultimately owns and controls companies and launch a new era of openness in business. Global Witness highlighted the importance of this issue in an investigation, aired on 60 Minutes, where they sent an undercover investigator into 13 New York law firms. The investigator posed as an adviser to a government minister in Africa and asked for thoughts on how to move money into the United States for a plane, a yacht and a brownstone. All but one firm offered advice.
The Panama Papers, released in April of 2016, further demonstrate the need for transparency. The papers paint a picture of how the rich and powerful around the world use offshore accounts and anonymous companies to move money. "This secretive world is being opened up to global public scrutiny," said Gooch, on the day the papers were released.
Charmian Gooch | Speaker | TED.com