ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Simon Anholt - Policy advisor
After 20 years working with the presidents and prime ministers of 54 countries, Simon Anholt has a plan to make the world work better.

Why you should listen

For 20 years, Simon Anholt has worked with the presidents, prime ministers and governments of more than fifty nations, devising strategies and policies to help them to engage more imaginatively and productively with the international community. 

In 2014, impatient to do better, Anholt founded the Good Country, a project aimed at helping countries work together to tackle global challenges like climate change, poverty, migration and terrorism, by mobilizing "the only superpower left on the planet: global public opinion."

According to The Independent, Anholt's aim is to change the way countries, cities and companies work "...by us all encouraging their leaders to think about the global impact of their actions, rather than cut-throat self-interest."

Measurement of Good Country progress is done through Anholt's Good Country Index, the only survey to rank countries according to their contribution to humanity and the planet rather than their domestic performance. According to The Guardian, "He has built his career in part as a formidable cruncher of data." Since 2005, his research into global perceptions of nations and cities has collected and analyzed over 300 billion data points. 

In 2016, Anholt launched the Global Vote, a project that enables anybody in the world to vote in other countries' elections, choosing the candidate who is likely to do most for humanity and the planet: three months later over 100,000 people from 130 countries took part in the Global Vote on the US Presidential Election. The Global Vote now covers an election somewhere in the world almost every month.

Anholt is an Honorary Professor of Political Science and the author of five books about countries, cultures and globalisation. He is the founder and Editor Emeritus of a leading academic journal focused on public diplomacy and perceptions of places.

 

More profile about the speaker
Simon Anholt | Speaker | TED.com
TEDSalon Berlin 2014

Simon Anholt: Which country does the most good for the world?

西蒙.安霍特: 哪個國家對世界作出最多貢獻?

Filmed:
6,237,290 views

這是全球化無法想像的負面影響:以前發生的問題僅僅限於當地──比如,銀行貸款太多給人們──現在有了全球的後果。但每個國家仍然獨自行動,就好像世上僅有它們國家似的。政策顧問西蒙.安霍特構想了一個不同尋常的標準來幫助國家全局發展:好國家指標。在這個嚴肅有趣的講話中,他回答了這個問題:「哪個國家作出最多貢獻?」答案可能出乎你的意料(如果你生活在美國或者中國)。
- Policy advisor
After 20 years working with the presidents and prime ministers of 54 countries, Simon Anholt has a plan to make the world work better. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
I've been thinking思維 a lot about the world世界 recently最近
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我最近想了很多有關這個世界
00:16
and how it's changed over the last 20, 30, 40 years年份.
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最近20,30,40年發生的變化。
00:19
Twenty二十 or 30 years年份 ago,
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20或30年前,
00:22
if a chicken caught抓住 a cold and sneezed打個噴嚏 and died死亡
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如果一隻雞在遙遠的亞洲村莊
00:24
in a remote遠程 village in East Asia亞洲,
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得了感冒,打了噴嚏死了,
00:26
it would have been a tragedy悲劇 for the chicken
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這將是這隻雞和牠的親戚
的悲劇,
00:29
and its closest最近的 relatives親戚們,
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00:30
but I don't think there was much possibility可能性
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我不認為有很大的可能
00:32
of us fearing擔心 a global全球 pandemic流感大流行
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會帶給我們全球的恐慌
00:35
and the deaths死亡 of millions百萬.
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可能數百萬人會死於流感。
00:37
Twenty二十 or 30 years年份 ago, if a bank銀行 in North America美國
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20或者30年前,如果北美的銀行
00:40
lent借給 too much money to some people
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貸款太多的錢給
00:42
who couldn't不能 afford給予 to pay工資 it back
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那些不能還清的人
00:44
and the bank銀行 went bust胸圍,
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這個銀行會破產,
00:45
that was bad for the lender貸款人
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對債主來說是糟糕的
00:46
and bad for the borrower借款人,
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對貸款者也是糟糕的,
00:48
but we didn't imagine想像 it would bring帶來
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但是我們無法想象它會
00:50
the global全球 economic經濟 system系統 to its knees膝蓋
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擊垮全球經濟
00:52
for nearly幾乎 a decade.
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將近一個年代。
00:55
This is globalization全球化.
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這就是全球化。
00:57
This is the miracle奇蹟 that has enabled啟用 us
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就是這樣的奇蹟使我們
00:59
to transship轉運 our bodies身體 and our minds頭腦
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的身體和思想
01:02
and our words and our pictures圖片 and our ideas思路
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語言和圖畫和我們的想法
01:04
and our teaching教學 and our learning學習 around the planet行星
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和我們的教學在這個星球
01:08
ever faster更快 and ever cheaper便宜.
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運轉得更快,更便宜。
01:11
It's brought a lot of bad stuff東東,
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它同樣帶來了不好的影響,
01:12
like the stuff東東 that I just described描述,
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像我之前說的那些,
01:14
but it's also brought a lot of good stuff東東.
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但是同樣也帶來了很多好的東西。
01:16
A lot of us are not aware知道的
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我們當中很多沒聽過
01:18
of the extraordinary非凡 successes成功 of
the Millennium千年 Development發展 Goals目標,
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千年非凡成就發展目標,
01:22
several一些 of which哪一個 have achieved實現 their targets目標
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當中的很多目標
01:24
long before the due應有 date日期.
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在目標日期前就已實現。
01:25
That proves證明 that this species種類 of humanity人性
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這證明人類物種
01:28
is capable of achieving實現 extraordinary非凡 progress進展
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可以取得非凡的成就,
01:31
if it really acts行為 together一起 and it really tries嘗試 hard.
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如果我們一起同心協力,一起努力。
01:36
But if I had to put it in a nutshell簡而言之 these days,
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但是如果我要概括這些日子,
01:38
I sort分類 of feel that globalization全球化
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我有種感覺全球化
01:41
has taken採取 us by surprise,
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使我們吃了一驚,
01:43
and we've我們已經 been slow to respond響應 to it.
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而且我們對它的反應比較慢。
01:46
If you look at the downside缺點 of globalization全球化,
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如果你看全球化的缺點,
01:48
it really does seem似乎 to be sometimes有時 overwhelming壓倒.
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它確實看起來可能有壓倒性。
01:51
All of the grand盛大 challenges挑戰 that we face面對 today今天,
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我們今天面臨的所有大的挑戰,
01:53
like climate氣候 change更改 and human人的 rights權利
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如氣候變遷、人權、
01:56
and demographics人口統計學 and terrorism恐怖主義 and pandemics流行病
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人口分佈、恐怖主義、流行病、
02:00
and narco-trafficking販毒 and human人的 slavery奴隸制度
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販毒、奴役
02:03
and species種類 loss失利, I could go on,
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和物種滅絕,我可以一直列舉下去,
02:06
we're not making製造 an awful可怕 lot of progress進展
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我們並沒有取得太多的進步,
02:08
against反對 an awful可怕 lot of those challenges挑戰.
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在這些挑戰性的問題上。
02:10
So in a nutshell簡而言之, that's the challenge挑戰
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所以概括的說,這就是我們
02:12
that we all face面對 today今天
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在今天
02:13
at this interesting有趣 point in history歷史.
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這個有趣的歷史時間點要面臨的挑戰。
02:16
That's clearly明確地 what we've我們已經 got to do next下一個.
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這就是我們下一步要做的。
02:18
We've我們已經 somehow不知何故 got to get our act法案 together一起
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我們必須一起行動起來
02:21
and we've我們已經 got to figure數字 out how to globalize全球化
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並且我們要搞清楚如何
02:23
the solutions解決方案 better
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尋求好的全球化的解決方法
02:25
so that we don't simply只是 become成為 a species種類
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這樣我們不會僅僅成為一個
02:27
which哪一個 is the victim受害者 of the globalization全球化 of problems問題.
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全球化問題下的受害物種。
02:32
Why are we so slow at achieving實現 these advances進步?
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為什麼達到這些進步是如此緩慢?
02:36
What's the reason原因 for it?
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這的原因是什麼?
02:38
Well, there are, of course課程, a number of reasons原因,
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那麼,有這樣一些原因,
02:40
but perhaps也許 the primary reason原因
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但是可能最主要的原因
02:42
is because we're still organized有組織的 as a species種類
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是我們仍然是像
02:46
in the same相同 way that we were organized有組織的
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200, 300年以前那樣
02:47
200 or 300 years年份 ago.
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組織著的物種。
02:50
There's one superpower超級大國 left on the planet行星
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這是地球上的超級大國
02:52
and that is the seven billion十億 people,
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這是70億人,
02:54
the seven billion十億 of us who cause原因 all these problems問題,
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我們這70億人造成的問題,
02:56
the same相同 seven billion十億, by the way,
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同樣這些70億人,順便一提,
02:58
who will resolve解決 them all.
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將要解決一切問題。
03:00
But how are those seven billion十億 organized有組織的?
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但是這70億人是如何組織的?
03:02
They're still organized有組織的 in 200 or so nation-states民族國家,
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他們依然按照200多個國家組織,
03:06
and the nations國家 have governments政府
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每個國家都有政府
03:09
that make rules規則
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制定規則,
03:10
and cause原因 us to behave表現 in certain某些 ways方法.
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讓我們按特定的方式行動。
03:13
And that's a pretty漂亮 efficient高效 system系統,
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這是一個相當有效的系統,
03:15
but the problem問題 is that the
way that those laws法律 are made製作
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但是問題是這些法律制定的方式
03:18
and the way those governments政府 think
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和這些政府思考的方式
03:21
is absolutely絕對 wrong錯誤 for the
solution of global全球 problems問題,
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對於解決全球化問題來說,是相當錯誤的,
03:23
because it all looks容貌 inwards向內.
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因為他們只看到內部。
03:26
The politicians政治家 that we elect
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我們選的政治人物
03:28
and the politicians政治家 we don't elect, on the whole整個,
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和非民選的政治人物,總體上,
03:30
have minds頭腦 that microscope顯微鏡.
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思想很渺小。
03:31
They don't have minds頭腦 that telescope望遠鏡.
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他們沒有宏觀的遠見。
03:34
They look in. They pretend假裝, they behave表現,
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他們只看內部。他們假裝,他們的做法,
03:38
as if they believed相信 that every一切 country國家 was an island
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如同他們相信每個國家都是一個島嶼,
03:42
that existed存在 quite相當 happily高高興興, independently獨立地
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快樂的存在,相互獨立,
03:44
of all the others其他
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自外於所有的其他國家,
03:45
on its own擁有 little planet行星
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在他自己的小星球裡,
03:47
in its own擁有 little solar太陽能 system系統.
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在他自己的小太陽系裡。
03:49
This is the problem問題:
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這就是問題所在:
03:51
countries國家 competing競爭 against反對 each other,
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國家之間相互競爭,
03:53
countries國家 fighting戰鬥 against反對 each other.
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國家之間相互戰爭。
03:55
This week, as any week you care關心 to look at,
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這週,和同樣其他
你在意的任何一 週一樣,
03:57
you'll你會 find people actually其實 trying to kill
each other from country國家 to country國家,
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你會發現各國的人們
實際上正想方設法殺死對方,
04:00
but even when that's not going on,
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但即使這並沒有發生,
04:02
there's competition競爭 between之間 countries國家,
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國家之間依然有競爭,
04:04
each one trying to shaft the next下一個.
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每一個都想要把另一個壓下去。
04:06
This is clearly明確地 not a good arrangement安排.
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這明顯不是一個好的安排。
04:09
We clearly明確地 need to change更改 it.
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我們明顯需要改變這個。
04:10
We clearly明確地 need to find ways方法
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我們明顯需要找到方法
04:12
of encouraging鼓舞人心的 countries國家 to start開始 working加工 together一起
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去鼓勵國家之間
04:15
a little bit better.
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更好的合作。
04:17
And why won't慣於 they do that?
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但是為什麼他們不這麼做?
04:19
Why is it that our leaders領導者 still persist堅持 in looking inwards向內?
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為什麼我們的領導依然堅持向內部看?
04:23
Well, the first and most obvious明顯 reason原因
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好吧,最首要也是最明顯的原因
04:25
is because that's what we ask them to do.
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是因為是我們要求他們這麼做。
04:27
That's what we tell them to do.
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我們告訴他們這麼做的。
04:28
When we elect governments政府
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當我們選政黨
04:30
or when we tolerate容忍 unelected非民選 governments政府,
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或者忍受非民選的政府,
04:32
we're effectively有效 telling告訴 them that what we want
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我們有效的告訴他們我們想要什麼
04:35
is for them to deliver交付 us in our country國家
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是希望他們能帶個我們的國家
04:38
a certain某些 number of things.
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一些特定的東西。
04:39
We want them to deliver交付 prosperity繁榮,
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我們希望他們帶來繁榮,
04:42
growth發展, competitiveness競爭力, transparency透明度, justice正義
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發展,競爭力,透明度,公正
04:47
and all of those things.
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和所有這些。
04:49
So unless除非 we start開始 asking our governments政府
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所以除非我們要求我們的政府
04:51
to think outside a little bit,
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能向外考慮一點,
04:53
to consider考慮 the global全球 problems問題 that will finish us all
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去考慮可能會摧毀我們的全球化問題
04:56
if we don't start開始 considering考慮 them,
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如果我們不開始考慮這些,
04:58
then we can hardly幾乎不 blame them
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我們不能責怪政府
05:00
if what they carry攜帶 on doing is looking inwards向內,
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如果他們繼續只向內看,
05:03
if they still have minds頭腦 that microscope顯微鏡
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如果他們的思想依然是微觀的
05:04
rather than minds頭腦 that telescope望遠鏡.
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而不是宏觀的。
05:06
That's the first reason原因 why
things tend趨向 not to change更改.
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這就是為什麼事情沒有改變的首要原因。
05:09
The second第二 reason原因 is that these governments政府,
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第二點原因是這些政府,
05:13
just like all the rest休息 of us,
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和我們其他人一樣,
05:14
are cultural文化 psychopaths精神病患者.
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是文化的精神病患者。
05:17
I don't mean to be rude無禮,
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我不想這麼無禮,
05:18
but you know what a psychopath精神病患者 is.
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但是你知道精神病是什麼吧。
05:20
A psychopath精神病患者 is a person who,
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精神病是一個人呢,
05:21
unfortunately不幸 for him or her,
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很不幸的,他或者她,
05:23
lacks缺乏 the ability能力 to really empathize同情
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缺乏對其他人
05:25
with other human人的 beings眾生.
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真正同情的能力。
05:27
When they look around,
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當他們看四周的時候,
05:28
they don't see other human人的 beings眾生
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他們看其他人,
05:30
with deep, rich豐富, three-dimensional三維 personal個人 lives生活
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看不到深層,豐富,三維的
05:33
and aims目標 and ambitions野心.
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有目標和雄心的人。
05:34
What they see is cardboard紙板 cutouts切口,
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他們看到的是剪紙人,
05:37
and it's very sad傷心 and it's very lonely孤獨,
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這是非常悲哀和孤獨的,
05:39
and it's very rare罕見, fortunately幸好.
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幸運的是,這非常罕見。
05:42
But actually其實, aren't most of us
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但事實上,難道我們大多數人
05:45
not really so very good at empathy同情?
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不也是不能很好的同情?
05:48
Oh sure, we're very good at empathy同情
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當然,我們很擅長同情
05:49
when it's a question of dealing交易 with people
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當我們同情的對象
05:51
who kind of look like us
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是和我們很像的人
05:52
and kind of walk步行 and talk and eat and pray祈禱
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向我們一樣走路,說話,吃飯,祈禱
05:55
and wear穿 like us,
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和穿得像我們的人,
05:56
but when it comes to people who don't do that,
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但是如果是不像我們的人,
05:58
who don't quite相當 dress連衣裙 like us
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穿得不像我們的人
06:00
and don't quite相當 pray祈禱 like us
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不像我們一樣禱告的人
06:01
and don't quite相當 talk like us,
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不像我們一樣說話的人,
06:04
do we not also have a tendency趨勢 to see them
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難道我們不是傾向於
06:06
ever so slightly as cardboard紙板 cutouts切口 too?
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把他們看做紙板人一樣?
06:09
And this is a question we need to ask ourselves我們自己.
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這是我們每個人需要捫心自問的。
06:11
I think constantly經常 we have to monitor監控 it.
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我認為我們時刻需要監督這一點。
06:13
Are we and our politicians政治家 to a degree
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我們和我們的政治人物
是不是在某種程度上
06:16
cultural文化 psychopaths精神病患者?
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是文化的精神病患者?
06:19
The third第三 reason原因 is hardly幾乎不 worth價值 mentioning
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第三個原因根本不值得一提
06:21
because it's so silly愚蠢,
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因為很愚蠢,
06:22
but there's a belief信仰 amongst其中包括 governments政府
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但是多數政府有一種信仰
06:24
that the domestic國內 agenda議程
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認為國內事宜
06:25
and the international國際 agenda議程
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和國際事宜
06:27
are incompatible不相容 and always will be.
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是不兼容的而且自始至終都是。
06:30
This is just nonsense廢話.
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這就是胡扯。
06:32
In my day job工作, I'm a policy政策 adviser顧問.
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我每天的工作。我是個政策顧問。
06:33
I've spent花費 the last 15 years年份 or so
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我花了最近15年左右的時間
06:35
advising指導 governments政府 around the world世界,
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建議世界上的政府,
06:37
and in all of that time I have never once一旦 seen看到
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在所有的這時間我從來沒有見過
06:40
a single domestic國內 policy政策 issue問題
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一個單一個本土政策
06:43
that could not be more imaginatively想像力,
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可以如此有想像力的,
06:45
effectively有效 and rapidly急速 resolved解決
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有效的,迅速的被解決,
06:48
than by treating治療 it as an international國際 problem問題,
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如果把它當成是國際問題,
06:50
looking at the international國際 context上下文,
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在國際背景下考慮,
06:52
comparing比較 what others其他 have doneDONE,
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對比其他人的做法,
06:54
bringing使 in others其他, working加工 externally外部
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調動其他人,外部合作
06:57
instead代替 of working加工 internally國內.
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而不是內部合作。
07:00
And so you may可能 say, well, given特定 all of that,
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你可能會說,好吧,那樣的話,
07:04
why then doesn't it work?
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為什麼不那樣做呢?
07:05
Why can we not make our politicians政治家 change更改?
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為什麼我們不能改變政治家?
07:08
Why can't we demand需求 them?
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為什麼我們不能這麼要求他們?
07:10
Well I, like a lot of us, spend
a lot of time complaining抱怨的
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我,和其他人一樣,花了很多時間抱怨
07:13
about how hard it is to make people change更改,
181
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改變他人是多麼的不容易,
07:15
and I don't think we should fuss小題大作 about it.
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我認為我們沒必要大驚小怪。
07:17
I think we should just accept接受
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我認為我們應該接受
07:19
that we are an inherently本質 conservative保守 species種類.
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我們本質上是保守的物種。
07:21
We don't like to change更改.
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我們不喜歡改變。
07:23
It exists存在 for very sensible明智 evolutionary發展的 reasons原因.
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這是理智的進化原因。
07:26
We probably大概 wouldn't不會 still be here today今天
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我們今天可能不會存在
07:29
if we weren't so resistant to change更改.
188
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2070
如果我們不那麼抵制改變的話。
07:31
It's very simple簡單: Many許多 thousands數千 of years年份 ago,
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這非常簡單:數千年前,
07:33
we discovered發現 that if we carried攜帶的 on
190
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1946
我們發現如果我們繼續
07:35
doing the same相同 things, we wouldn't不會 die,
191
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做相同的事情,我們不會死,
07:38
because the things that we've我們已經 doneDONE before
192
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1842
因為我們之前做過的事情
07:40
by definition定義 didn't kill us,
193
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1578
理論上沒有殺死我們,
07:41
and therefore因此 as long as we carry攜帶 on doing them,
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2077
所以只要我們繼續做相同的事情,
07:43
we'll be okay,
195
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我們就沒事,
07:45
and it's very sensible明智 not to do anything new,
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不做其他新的事情是很理智的,
07:46
because it might威力 kill you.
197
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因為那樣可能會殺死你。
07:49
But of course課程, there are exceptions例外 to that.
198
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2282
但是當然,有例外。
07:51
Otherwise除此以外, we'd星期三 never get anywhere隨地.
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否則的話,我們沒有任何進步。
07:54
And one of the exceptions例外, the interesting有趣 exception例外,
200
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其中的例外,一個有意思的例外,
07:55
is when you can show顯示 to people
201
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1714
是當你展示給其他人
07:57
that there might威力 be some self-interest自我利益
202
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2348
如果他們的信仰可以飛躍
07:59
in them making製造 that leap飛躍 of faith信仰
203
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做小小的改變
08:01
and changing改變 a little bit.
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他們會受益。
08:03
So I've spent花費 a lot of the last 10 or 15 years年份
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2402
所以我花了10到15年的時間
08:06
trying to find out what could be that self-interest自我利益
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尋找那鼓勵不光是政治家
08:09
that would encourage鼓勵 not just politicians政治家
207
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2149
也是商人和民眾
08:11
but also businesses企業 and general一般 populations人群,
208
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的受益點,
08:14
all of us, to start開始 to think a little more outwardly向外,
209
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我們所有人,開始外向的思維,
08:17
to think in a bigger picture圖片,
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以一種全局的方式思維,
08:19
not always to look inwards向內,
sometimes有時 to look outwards向外.
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不要總是向內看,要試著向外看。
08:22
And this is where I discovered發現
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這就是我發現的
08:24
something quite相當 important重要.
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非常重要的事情。
08:27
In 2005, I launched推出 a study研究
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在2005, 我發起一項研究
08:30
called the Nation國家 Brands品牌 Index指數.
215
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叫做國家品牌指數。
08:33
What it is, it's a very large-scale大規模 study研究 that polls民意調查
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2508
是一個大規模的研究,
08:35
a very large sample樣品 of the world's世界 population人口,
217
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2087
從全世界抽取大量的樣本,
08:38
a sample樣品 that represents代表 about 70 percent百分
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代表大概70%的
08:40
of the planet's地球上的 population人口,
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世界人口,
08:43
and I started開始 asking them a series系列 of questions問題
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我開始問他們一系列的問題
08:45
about how they perceive感知 other countries國家.
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關於他們是如何看待其他國家的。
08:48
And the Nation國家 Brands品牌 Index指數 over the years年份
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現在世界品牌指數已經
08:50
has grown長大的 to be a very, very large database數據庫.
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發展成為很大的數據庫。
08:52
It's about 200 billion十億 data數據 points
224
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有2000億數據點
08:55
tracking追踪 what ordinary普通 people
think about other countries國家
225
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追蹤普通人是如何看待其他國家的
08:57
and why.
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1983
和為什麼。
08:59
Why did I do this? Well, because
the governments政府 that I advise勸告
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我為什麼這麼做?
因為,我建議的那些政府
09:02
are very, very keen敏銳 on knowing會心
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1305
非常迫切想要知道
09:03
how they are regarded認為.
229
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1615
他們是如何被認為的。
09:05
They've他們已經 known已知, partly部分地 because
230
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1445
他們知道,主要是
09:06
I've encouraged鼓勵 them to realize實現 it,
231
534776
1878
因為我鼓勵他們去意識到這一點,
09:08
that countries國家 depend依靠
232
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1598
國家的生存和發展
09:10
enormously巨大 on their reputations名譽
233
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1556
很大一部分
09:12
in order訂購 to survive生存 and prosper繁榮 in the world世界.
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是依靠他們的形象的。
09:14
If a country國家 has a great, positive image圖片,
235
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如果國家有一個偉大的正面的形象,
09:17
like Germany德國 has or Sweden瑞典 or Switzerland瑞士,
236
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2517
像德國、瑞士、瑞典,
09:19
everything is easy簡單 and everything is cheap低廉.
237
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2095
所有的事情很簡單,便宜。
09:21
You get more tourists遊客. You get more investors投資者.
238
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2236
你有更多的旅遊者。你有更多的投資者。
09:24
You sell your products製品 more expensively昂貴.
239
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2047
你賣你的東西更貴。
09:26
If, on the other hand, you have a country國家
240
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1958
如果,相反,你的國家
09:28
with a very weak or a very negative image圖片,
241
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2013
有一個很弱的,很負面的形象,
09:30
everything is difficult and everything is expensive昂貴.
242
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2430
所有的事情很難,很貴。
09:32
So governments政府 care關心 desperately拼命
243
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1901
所以國家相當的在乎
09:34
about the image圖片 of their country國家,
244
562201
1265
他們國家的形象,
09:35
because it makes品牌 a direct直接 difference區別
245
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2134
因為這對他們能掙多少錢
09:37
to how much money they can make,
246
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1641
有直接的影響,
09:39
and that's what they've他們已經 promised許諾 their populations人群
247
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1709
而這些經濟就是
09:41
they're going to deliver交付.
248
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2357
他們對民眾保證的事情。
09:43
So a couple一對 of years年份 ago, I thought I would take
249
571307
1963
所以幾年前,我想我可以花
09:45
some time out and speak說話 to that gigantic巨大 database數據庫
250
573270
3229
一些時間和這個龐大的數據庫聊聊
09:48
and ask it,
251
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2207
問問它,
09:50
why do some people prefer比較喜歡 one country國家
252
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1892
為什麼有些人傾向一個國家
09:52
more than another另一個?
253
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1763
而不是另一個國家?
09:54
And the answer回答 that the database數據庫 gave me
254
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1539
數據庫給我的答案
09:56
completely全然 staggered交錯 me.
255
583900
1696
完全出乎我的意料。
09:57
It was 6.8.
256
585596
2189
是6.8。
09:59
I haven't沒有 got time to explain說明 in detail詳情.
257
587785
2089
我沒有時間去仔細解釋。
10:02
Basically基本上 what it told me was —
258
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2356
基本上它告訴我-
10:04
(Laughter笑聲) (Applause掌聲) —
259
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4222
(笑)(鼓掌)-
10:08
the kinds of countries國家 we prefer比較喜歡 are good countries國家.
260
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4232
是我們傾向好的國家。
10:12
We don't admire欣賞 countries國家
primarily主要 because they're rich豐富,
261
600684
2821
我們不羨慕國家只因為它們富有,
10:15
because they're powerful強大,
because they're successful成功,
262
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2024
它們強大,它們成功,
10:17
because they're modern現代, because
they're technologically技術 advanced高級.
263
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3364
它們現代,它們科技很進步。
10:21
We primarily主要 admire欣賞 countries國家 that are good.
264
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2853
我們主要嚮往好的國家。
10:23
What do we mean by good?
265
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1363
什麼是好的?
10:25
We mean countries國家 that seem似乎 to contribute有助於
266
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1671
我們認為那些對我們生活的世界
10:26
something to the world世界 in which哪一個 we live生活,
267
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2569
作出了好的貢獻的國家,
10:29
countries國家 that actually其實 make the world世界 safer更安全
268
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2559
那些真正讓這個世界變得安全
10:32
or better or richer更豐富 or fairer更公平.
269
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2577
更好,更富有,更公平的國家。
10:34
Those are the countries國家 we like.
270
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1465
這些是我們喜歡的國家。
10:36
This is a discovery發現 of significant重大 importance重要性
271
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2521
這是重要的發現-
10:38
you see where I'm going —
272
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1353
你明白我的意圖了-
10:40
because it squares廣場 the circle.
273
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1867
因為它使圓變方。
10:41
I can now say, and often經常 do, to any government政府,
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2872
我現在可以說,基本上,任何政府,
10:44
in order訂購 to do well, you need to do good.
275
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2858
為了更好的發展,你需要做好事。
10:47
If you want to sell more products製品,
276
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1495
如果你需要賣更多的產品,
10:49
if you want to get more investment投資,
277
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1536
如果你需要引進資金,
10:50
if you want to become成為 more competitive競爭的,
278
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2998
如果你需要變得更有競爭力,
10:53
then you need to start開始 behaving行為,
279
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1665
那麼你需要開始注意自己的行為,
10:55
because that's why people will respect尊重 you
280
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1643
因為這是為什麼人們尊重你和
10:56
and do business商業 with you,
281
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2069
跟你做生意的原因,
10:59
and therefore因此, the more you collaborate合作,
282
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3083
所以,你越合作,
11:02
the more competitive競爭的 you become成為.
283
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2845
你越有競爭力。
11:04
This is quite相當 an important重要 discovery發現,
284
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1778
這是相當重要的發現,
11:06
and as soon不久 as I discovered發現 this,
285
654533
1080
一旦我發現了這一點,
11:07
I felt another另一個 index指數 coming未來 on.
286
655613
2245
我覺得另一指數也來了。
11:10
I swear發誓 that as I get older舊的, my ideas思路 become成為 simpler簡單
287
657858
2346
我發誓,隨著我變老了,我的想法變得簡單了
11:12
and more and more childish幼稚.
288
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1296
而且越來越幼稚。
11:13
This one is called the Good Country國家 Index指數,
289
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3968
這一個叫做好的國家指數,
11:17
and it does exactly究竟 what it says on the tin.
290
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4053
而且它就是字面意思。
11:21
It measures措施, or at least最小 it tries嘗試 to measure測量,
291
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2354
它衡量,或者至少盡量去衡量,
11:24
exactly究竟 how much each country國家 on Earth地球 contributes有助於
292
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2763
確切的世界上每個國家對整個人類
11:26
not to its own擁有 population人口 but to the rest休息 of humanity人性.
293
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3155
而不是自己國家人民的貢獻。
11:29
Bizarrely奇怪的是, nobody沒有人 had ever thought
294
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1267
很奇怪的是,以前沒有人想到
11:31
of measuring測量 this before.
295
679060
1689
這種測量方式。
11:32
So my colleague同事 Dr博士. Robert羅伯特 GoversGovers and I have spent花費
296
680749
2047
所以我的同事Robert Govers和我花了
11:34
the best最好 part部分 of the last two years年份,
297
682796
1743
最近兩年的時間,
11:36
with the help of a large number
of very serious嚴重 and clever聰明 people,
298
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3654
和其他大量認真聰明的人,
11:40
cramming臨時抱佛腳 together一起 all the reliable可靠 data數據 in the world世界
299
688193
2686
聚集世界上我們可以找到的
11:43
we could find about what countries國家 give
300
690879
2643
可靠的數據有關每個國家
11:45
to the world世界.
301
693522
1593
貢獻什麼給世界。
11:47
And you're waiting等候 for me to
tell you which哪一個 one comes top最佳.
302
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2378
你現在等著我告訴你哪個國家是第一。
11:49
And I'm going to tell you,
303
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1728
我將要告訴你,
11:51
but first of all I want to tell you
304
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1530
但是我先要告訴你
11:52
precisely恰恰 what I mean
305
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2705
我準確的想要表達什麼
11:55
when I say a good country國家.
306
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2059
當我說一個好的國家的時候。
11:57
I do not mean morally道德 good.
307
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2224
我不是說道德上好的。
11:59
When I say that Country國家 X
308
707739
1962
當我說國家X
12:01
is the goodestgoodest country國家 on Earth地球,
309
709701
2013
是世界上更好的國家,
12:03
and I mean goodestgoodest, I don't mean best最好.
310
711714
1309
我說更好的,
12:05
Best最好 is something different不同.
311
713023
1453
而不是最好的。最好的是有區別的。
12:06
When you're talking about a good country國家,
312
714476
1294
當你說一個好的國家,
12:07
you can be good, gooder古德 and goodestgoodest.
313
715770
2134
你可以是好的,好一些的,更好的。
12:10
It's not the same相同 thing as good, better and best最好.
314
717904
3472
這不等同於好的,更好的,最好的。
12:13
This is a country國家 which哪一個 simply只是 gives more
315
721376
2501
這只是一個國家僅僅付出更多
12:16
to humanity人性 than any other country國家.
316
723877
2326
給整個人類和其他國家相比。
12:18
I don't talk about how they behave表現 at home
317
726203
1742
我沒有談論他們本國內部的表現
12:20
because that's measured測量 elsewhere別處.
318
727945
2400
因為這在其他地方衡量。
12:22
And the winner優勝者 is
319
730345
2060
那麼冠軍是
12:24
Ireland愛爾蘭.
320
732405
1811
愛爾蘭。
12:26
(Applause掌聲)
321
734216
5674
(鼓掌)
12:32
According根據 to the data數據 here,
322
739890
1905
根據數據,
12:33
no country國家 on Earth地球, per head of population人口,
323
741795
2890
世界上沒有國家,人均,
12:36
per dollar美元 of GDPGDP, contributes有助於 more
324
744685
2925
美元GDP,比愛爾蘭
12:39
to the world世界 that we live生活 in than Ireland愛爾蘭.
325
747610
1636
貢獻更多給這個世界。
12:41
What does this mean?
326
749246
1095
這意味著什麼?
12:42
This means手段 that as we go to sleep睡覺 at night,
327
750341
2222
這意味著當我們晚上睡覺,
12:44
all of us in the last 15 seconds
before we drift漂移 off to sleep睡覺,
328
752563
3068
我們所有人睡覺前的15秒鐘,
12:47
our final最後 thought should be,
329
755631
1995
我們最終的想法就是,
12:49
godammitgodammit, I'm glad高興 that Ireland愛爾蘭 exists存在.
330
757626
2317
天啊,我很高興有愛爾蘭的存在。
12:52
(Laughter笑聲)
331
759943
2198
(笑)
12:54
And that — (Applause掌聲) —
332
762141
7097
這-(笑)-
13:01
In the depths深處 of a very severe嚴重 economic經濟 recession不景氣,
333
769238
3000
在嚴重的經濟危機深層,
13:04
I think that there's a really important重要 lesson there,
334
772238
2518
我認為這是很重要的一課,
13:06
that if you can remember記得
your international國際 obligations義務
335
774756
2116
如果你記得你的國際義務
13:09
whilst同時 you are trying to rebuild重建 your own擁有 economy經濟,
336
776872
1970
當你重建本國經濟的時候,
13:11
that's really something.
337
778842
1038
這是非常了不起的。
13:12
Finland芬蘭 ranks行列 pretty漂亮 much the same相同.
338
779880
1655
芬蘭排名也差不多。
13:13
The only reason原因 why it's below下面 Ireland愛爾蘭
339
781535
1265
唯一的原因它在愛爾蘭後面
13:15
is because its lowest最低 score得分了 is
lower降低 than Ireland's愛爾蘭 lowest最低 score得分了.
340
782800
3083
是因為它的最低分低於愛爾蘭最低分。
13:18
Now the other thing you'll你會
notice注意 about the top最佳 10 there
341
785883
1797
其他的有關前10名你會發現
13:19
is, of course課程, they're all, apart距離 from New Zealand新西蘭,
342
787680
2860
是, 當然,它們所有,除了紐西蘭,
13:22
Western西 European歐洲的 nations國家.
343
790540
1710
西歐國家。
13:24
They're also all rich豐富.
344
792250
1680
它們都很富有。
13:26
This depressed鬱悶 me,
345
793930
1740
這一點讓我沮喪,
13:27
because one of the things that I did not want
346
795670
1512
因為我不想要發現有關這一指數
13:29
to discover發現 with this index指數
347
797182
1578
的一點就是
13:30
is that it's purely純粹 the province of rich豐富 countries國家
348
798760
2356
基本上是富裕的國家
13:33
to help poor較差的 countries國家.
349
801116
1025
幫助貧窮的國家。
13:34
This is not what it's all about.
350
802141
2056
這不是全部。
13:36
And indeed確實, if you look further進一步 down the list名單,
351
804197
1576
事實上,如果你看名單下面,
13:37
I don't have the slide滑動 here, you will see
352
805773
2326
我沒有幻燈片,你將看到
13:40
something that made製作 me very happy快樂 indeed確實,
353
808099
2289
讓我開心的事情,
13:42
that Kenya肯尼亞 is in the top最佳 30,
354
810388
2531
肯尼亞在前30,
13:45
and that demonstrates演示 one
very, very important重要 thing.
355
812919
2885
這證明了非常重要的一點。
13:48
This is not about money.
356
815804
1863
這和金錢無關。
13:49
This is about attitude態度.
357
817667
1397
這和態度有關。
13:51
This is about culture文化.
358
819064
1466
這和文化有關。
13:52
This is about a government政府 and a people that care關心
359
820530
3447
這是關於政府和人民關心
13:56
about the rest休息 of the world世界
360
823977
1194
世界上其他人
13:57
and have the imagination想像力 and the courage勇氣
361
825171
1992
並有想像和勇氣去
13:59
to think outwards向外 instead代替 of only thinking思維 selfishly自私.
362
827163
3237
向外看而不是自私的向內看。
14:02
I'm going to whip鞭子 through通過 the other slides幻燈片
363
830400
1780
我將要快進幻燈片
14:04
just so you can see some
of the lower-lying低窪 countries國家.
364
832180
2948
這樣你可以看到靠後的國家。
14:07
There's Germany德國 at 13th, the U.S. comes 21stST,
365
835128
3282
德國在第13, 美國第21,
14:10
Mexico墨西哥 comes 66th,
366
838410
1741
墨西哥第66,
14:12
and then we have some of
the big developing發展 countries國家,
367
840151
2118
接著我們有發展中大國,
14:14
like Russia俄國 at 95th, China中國 at 107th.
368
842269
3140
像俄羅斯第95, 中國107。
14:17
Countries國家 like China中國 and Russia俄國 and India印度,
369
845409
3004
像中國、俄國和印度的國家,
14:20
which哪一個 is down in the same相同 part部分 of the index指數,
370
848413
2553
在指數較低的位置,
14:23
well, in some ways方法, it's not surprising奇怪.
371
850966
2353
實際上,從某種角度,並不驚奇。
14:25
They've他們已經 spent花費 a great deal合同 of time
372
853319
1539
他們花了相當長的時間
14:27
over the last decades幾十年 building建造 their own擁有 economy經濟,
373
854858
2163
最近幾十年建立他們自己的經濟,
14:29
building建造 their own擁有 society社會 and their own擁有 polity政體,
374
857021
2686
建立他們自己的社會和政策,
14:31
but it is to be hoped希望
375
859707
1666
但是希望
14:33
that the second第二 phase of their growth發展
376
861373
1367
在他們發展的第二階段
14:34
will be somewhat有些 more outward-looking外向型
377
862740
1985
他們可以比在第一階段
14:36
than the first phase has been so far.
378
864725
2527
更向外看。
14:39
And then you can break打破 down each country國家
379
867252
2108
然後你可以分解每個國家
14:41
in terms條款 of the actual實際 datasets數據集 that build建立 into it.
380
869360
3356
就實際的數據組而言。
14:44
I'll allow允許 you to do that.
381
872716
849
我讓你們做這些。
14:45
From midnight午夜 tonight今晚 it's going
to be on goodcountrygoodcountry.org組織,
382
873565
2662
從今夜開始將呈現在goodcountry.org.
14:48
and you can look at the country國家.
383
876227
1183
你可以看這些國家。
14:49
You can look right down to the
level水平 of the individual個人 datasets數據集.
384
877410
3868
你可以深入看到獨立的數據組。
14:53
Now that's the Good Country國家 Index指數.
385
881278
2218
這就是好的國家指數。
14:55
What's it there for?
386
883496
1369
它有什麼用?
14:57
Well, it's there really because I want to try
387
884865
2285
實際上,它的存在是因為我想
14:59
to introduce介紹 this word,
388
887150
2451
介紹這個詞,
15:01
or reintroduce重新引入 this word, into the discourse演講.
389
889601
4323
或者說重新介紹這個詞,到話語中。
15:06
I've had enough足夠 hearing聽力 about competitive競爭的 countries國家.
390
893924
2189
我聽了夠多的有競爭力的國家。
15:08
I've had enough足夠 hearing聽力 about
391
896113
1795
我聽了夠多的
15:10
prosperous繁榮, wealthy富裕, fast-growing快速生長 countries國家.
392
897908
3786
繁榮,富強,迅速發展國家。
15:13
I've even had enough足夠 hearing聽力 about happy快樂 countries國家
393
901694
3248
我甚至聽夠了快樂的國家
15:17
because in the end結束 that's still selfish自私.
394
904942
2041
因為最終它也是自私的。
15:19
That's still about us,
395
906983
1504
那只是關於我們,
15:20
and if we carry攜帶 on thinking思維 about us,
396
908487
1868
而且如果我們繼續只考慮自己,
15:22
we are in deep, deep trouble麻煩.
397
910355
2542
我們會陷入深深的麻煩。
15:25
I think we all know what it is
398
912897
1631
我想我們大家都知道
15:26
that we want to hear about.
399
914528
1123
我們想要聽到的是什麼。
15:27
We want to hear about good countries國家,
400
915651
3045
我們想要聽到好的國家,
15:30
and so I want to ask you all a favor偏愛.
401
918696
3630
我有個請求。
15:34
I'm not asking a lot.
402
922326
1596
我要求的並不多。
15:36
It's something that you might威力 find easy簡單 to do
403
923922
1953
是你們發現很容易做到的
15:38
and you might威力 even find enjoyable其樂融融
404
925875
1025
而且你樂意做的
15:39
and even helpful有幫助 to do,
405
926900
1603
而且很願意幫忙做的,
15:40
and that's simply只是 to start開始 using運用 the word "good"
406
928503
3282
僅僅是開始使用“好的”這個詞
15:43
in this context上下文.
407
931785
1682
在這個語境。
15:45
When you think about your own擁有 country國家,
408
933467
2187
當你想自己國家的時候,
15:47
when you think about other people's人們 countries國家,
409
935654
2129
想其他人的國家的時候,
15:49
when you think about companies公司,
410
937783
1783
當你想公司的時候,
15:51
when you talk about the world世界 that we live生活 in today今天,
411
939566
2211
當你談論今天我們生活的世界的時候,
15:53
start開始 using運用 that word
412
941777
1898
開始用這個詞,
15:55
in the way that I've talked about this evening晚間.
413
943675
2768
以我今晚談論的這種方式。
15:58
Not good, the opposite對面 of bad,
414
946443
1904
不是壞的反義詞的好,
16:00
because that's an argument論據 that never finishes飾面.
415
948347
2276
因為那將是無盡的爭論。
16:02
Good, the opposite對面 of selfish自私,
416
950623
2344
好,而是自私的反義詞,
16:05
good being存在 a country國家 that thinks about all of us.
417
952967
3183
做一個好的國家為所有人著想。
16:08
That's what I would like you to do,
418
956150
1410
這就是我希望你們做的,
16:09
and I'd like you to use it as a stick
419
957560
1385
我希望你用它如同鞭策
16:11
with which哪一個 to beat擊敗 your politicians政治家.
420
958945
2643
政治人物的棍棒。
16:13
When you elect them, when you reelect改選 them,
421
961588
2307
當你選他們的時候,當你重選他們的時候,
16:16
when you vote投票 for them, when you listen
422
963895
1412
當你投票的時候,當你聽
16:17
to what they're offering you,
423
965307
2535
他們提供給你們的時候,
16:20
use that word, "good,"
424
967842
1712
用這個詞“好的”
16:21
and ask yourself你自己,
425
969554
1484
並且問你們自己,
16:23
"Is that what a good country國家 would do?"
426
971038
2073
「這是一個好的國家的所作所為嗎?」
16:25
And if the answer回答 is no, be very suspicious可疑.
427
973111
3293
如果答案是否定的,那麼就要留意。
16:28
Ask yourself你自己, is that the behavior行為
428
976404
2425
問你們自己,這就是我的國家的
16:31
of my country國家?
429
978829
1436
作為?
16:32
Do I want to come from a country國家
430
980265
2132
我希望自己來自這樣的國家,
16:34
where the government政府, in my name名稱,
431
982397
1567
政府,以我的名義,
16:36
is doing things like that?
432
983964
1862
做這樣的事情?
16:38
Or do I, on the other hand,
433
985826
1756
或者,另一方面,
16:39
prefer比較喜歡 the idea理念 of walking步行 around the world世界
434
987582
1628
我傾向於走在世界
16:41
with my head held保持 high thinking思維, "Yeah,
435
989210
2154
昂頭並想著,「是的,
16:43
I'm proud驕傲 to come from a good country國家"?
436
991364
2491
我很自豪來自於一個好的國家。」
16:46
And everybody每個人 will welcome歡迎 you.
437
993855
1988
而且所有人都會歡迎你。
16:48
And everybody每個人 in the last 15 seconds
438
995843
1624
而且每個人在睡前
16:49
before they drift漂移 off to sleep睡覺 at night will say,
439
997467
2670
的15秒鐘都會說,
16:52
"Gosh天哪, I'm glad高興 that person's人的 country國家 exists存在."
440
1000137
2881
「天啊,我很高興那個人的國家的存在。」
16:55
Ultimately最終,, that, I think,
441
1003018
2187
最終,我想,
16:57
is what will make the change更改.
442
1005205
1754
這將改變一切。
16:59
That word, "good,"
443
1006959
1717
那個詞,「好的,」
17:00
and the number 6.8
444
1008676
1647
和這個數字6.8
17:02
and the discovery發現 that's behind背後 it
445
1010323
2258
和這些發現的背後
17:04
have changed my life.
446
1012581
1668
改變了我的人生。
17:06
I think they can change更改 your life,
447
1014249
1887
我認為他們可以改變你的人生,
17:08
and I think we can use it to change更改
448
1016136
1859
我認為我們可以用它來改變
17:10
the way that our politicians政治家
and our companies公司 behave表現,
449
1017995
2420
我們的政治人物和企業的作為,
17:12
and in doing so, we can change更改 the world世界.
450
1020415
3865
這麼做,我們可以改變世界。
17:16
I've started開始 thinking思維 very differently不同 about
451
1024280
1550
我開始以另外的方式思考
17:18
my own擁有 country國家 since以來 I've been
thinking思維 about these things.
452
1025830
2693
我自己的國家,自從我開始
以不同的方式思考這些事情。
17:20
I used to think that I wanted to live生活 in a rich豐富 country國家,
453
1028523
2087
我曾經認為我想生活在富裕的國家,
17:22
and then I started開始 thinking思維 I
wanted to live生活 in a happy快樂 country國家,
454
1030610
2400
接著我認為我想生活在快樂的國家,
17:25
but I began開始 to realize實現, it's not enough足夠.
455
1033010
2614
但是我意識到,這些都不夠。
17:27
I don't want to live生活 in a rich豐富 country國家.
456
1035624
2045
我不想生活在富裕的國家。
17:29
I don't want to live生活 in a fast-growing快速生長
457
1037669
1933
我不希望生活在發展迅速
17:31
or competitive競爭的 country國家.
458
1039602
2683
或者是有競爭力的國家。
17:34
I want to live生活 in a good country國家,
459
1042285
3118
我希望生活在一個好的國家,
17:37
and I so, so hope希望 that you do too.
460
1045403
3493
我同樣,也希望你也是。
17:41
Thank you.
461
1048896
2584
謝謝。
17:43
(Applause掌聲)
462
1051480
4000
(鼓掌)
Translated by Ana Choi
Reviewed by Hanling Chen

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Simon Anholt - Policy advisor
After 20 years working with the presidents and prime ministers of 54 countries, Simon Anholt has a plan to make the world work better.

Why you should listen

For 20 years, Simon Anholt has worked with the presidents, prime ministers and governments of more than fifty nations, devising strategies and policies to help them to engage more imaginatively and productively with the international community. 

In 2014, impatient to do better, Anholt founded the Good Country, a project aimed at helping countries work together to tackle global challenges like climate change, poverty, migration and terrorism, by mobilizing "the only superpower left on the planet: global public opinion."

According to The Independent, Anholt's aim is to change the way countries, cities and companies work "...by us all encouraging their leaders to think about the global impact of their actions, rather than cut-throat self-interest."

Measurement of Good Country progress is done through Anholt's Good Country Index, the only survey to rank countries according to their contribution to humanity and the planet rather than their domestic performance. According to The Guardian, "He has built his career in part as a formidable cruncher of data." Since 2005, his research into global perceptions of nations and cities has collected and analyzed over 300 billion data points. 

In 2016, Anholt launched the Global Vote, a project that enables anybody in the world to vote in other countries' elections, choosing the candidate who is likely to do most for humanity and the planet: three months later over 100,000 people from 130 countries took part in the Global Vote on the US Presidential Election. The Global Vote now covers an election somewhere in the world almost every month.

Anholt is an Honorary Professor of Political Science and the author of five books about countries, cultures and globalisation. He is the founder and Editor Emeritus of a leading academic journal focused on public diplomacy and perceptions of places.

 

More profile about the speaker
Simon Anholt | Speaker | TED.com

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