TEDxSydney
Kelli Jean Drinkwater: Enough with the fear of fat
凱莉·金·林柯沃特: 真是受夠了對肥胖的恐懼
Filmed:
Readability: 4.4
1,924,847 views
在這個身材至上的社會，許多人都有著對肥胖的恐懼。而凱莉卻通過藝術的形式對肥胖表現出了積極的態度。她帶領人們克服了對肥胖的偏見，並且突破了自身的局限--從時尚秀場到悉尼藝術節--這都使我們重新認識自己並且反思自己過往所持有的偏見。她說:"作為一個理直氣壯的胖子,一定會對人們的思維產生沖擊。"
Kelli Jean Drinkwater - Artist, activist
Kelli Jean Drinkwater is a multi-disciplinary artist and activist recognized for her creative practice and voice in radical body politics. Full bio
Kelli Jean Drinkwater is a multi-disciplinary artist and activist recognized for her creative practice and voice in radical body politics. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
今天我在這裏
和大家討論一個短小卻有力的詞，
和大家討論一個短小卻有力的詞，
00:12
I'm here today to talk to you
about a very powerful little word,
about a very powerful little word,
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00:17
one that people will do almost anything
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人們會盡其所能，
00:20
to avoid becoming.
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來避免它的發生。
00:22
Billion-dollar industries thrive
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幾十億美金的產業興旺，
00:24
because of the fear of it,
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因為對它的恐懼，
00:26
and those of us who undeniably are it
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但身處其中的人們，
00:29
are left to navigate a relentless storm
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它正在我們周圍，
不斷引發著風暴。
00:31
surrounding it.
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00:34
I'm not sure if any of you have noticed,
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不知道妳們註意到了沒有，
00:36
but I'm fat.
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我是個胖子。
00:39
Not the lowercase,
muttered-behind-my-back kind,
muttered-behind-my-back kind,
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不是那種“只是有點胖”，
00:42
or the seemingly harmless
chubby or cuddly.
chubby or cuddly.
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也不是所謂的豐滿或可愛，
00:46
I'm not even the more sophisticated
voluptuous or curvaceous kind.
voluptuous or curvaceous kind.
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更不是什麽凹凸有致的豐腴胖子。
00:51
Let's not sugarcoat it.
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讓我們不要美化它了，
00:53
I am the capital F-A-T kind of fat.
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我就是一個大寫的胖子，
00:57
I am the elephant in the room.
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我就是房間裡顯而易見的大象。
01:02
When I walked out on stage,
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當我走上舞臺的時候，
01:03
some of you may have been thinking,
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有些人就會開始想，
01:05
"Aww, this is going to be hilarious,
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“哦，這一定會非常搞笑，
01:07
because everybody knows
that fat people are funny."
that fat people are funny."
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因為所有人有覺得胖子很搞笑。”
01:10
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:12
Or you may have been thinking,
"Where does she get her confidence from?"
"Where does she get her confidence from?"
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或者妳又會想，“她哪來的勇氣？”，
01:16
Because a confident fat woman
is almost unthinkable.
is almost unthinkable.
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因為我們幾乎無法
想象一個“自信的胖女人。
想象一個“自信的胖女人。
01:20
The fashion-conscious
members of the audience
members of the audience
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而時尚感強的觀眾會想
01:23
may have been thinking how fabulous I look
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我在這件Beth Ditto的裙子裡
01:25
in this Beth Ditto dress --
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有多麼好看。
01:27
(Cheers)
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（歡呼）
01:28
thank you very much.
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謝謝大家。
01:30
Whereas some of you might have thought,
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有些人可能會覺得，
01:32
"Hmm, black would have been
so much more slimming."
so much more slimming."
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“穿黑色能顯瘦。”
01:35
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:36
You may have wondered, consciously or not,
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妳們可能也好奇，
01:38
if I have diabetes, or a partner,
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我是不是有糖尿病，有沒有伴侶，
01:41
or if I eat carbs after 7pm.
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有沒有在晚上7點後攝入碳水化合物。
01:44
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:45
You may have worried
that you ate carbs after 7pm last night,
that you ate carbs after 7pm last night,
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妳可能擔心妳昨晚7點後
攝入的碳水化合物，
攝入的碳水化合物，
01:49
and that you really should renew
your gym membership.
your gym membership.
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你真的需要續健身房的會費。
01:53
These judgments are insidious.
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這些想法會在不知不覺中加劇，
01:55
They can be directed
at individuals and groups,
at individuals and groups,
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它們會影響到個人和小集體，
01:58
and they can also
be directed at ourselves.
be directed at ourselves.
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它們也會直接影響到我們自身。
02:01
And this way of thinking
is known as fatphobia.
is known as fatphobia.
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這種想法，被稱為“肥胖恐懼癥”。
02:05
Like any form of systematic oppression,
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正如任何一種形式的體制壓迫，
02:08
fatphobia is deeply rooted
in complex structures
in complex structures
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對肥胖的恐懼已經通過各種形式漸漸深入人心，
02:11
like capitalism, patriarchy and racism,
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就像資本主義 男權社會 和種族偏見一樣。
02:16
and that can make it
really difficult to see,
really difficult to see,
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我們甚至不太了解他們，
02:18
let alone challenge.
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就更別說去改變了。
02:21
We live in a culture
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在我們所處的文化中，
02:22
where being fat
is seen as being a bad person --
is seen as being a bad person --
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胖子被視為不好的人，
02:27
lazy, greedy, unhealthy, irresponsible
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他們懶惰、貪吃、不健康、還缺少責任感，
02:31
and morally suspect.
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在道德方面常常被懷疑。
02:33
And we tend to see thinness
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而當我們在看瘦子的時候，
02:35
as being universally good --
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他們簡直各方面都是完美的，
02:38
responsible, successful,
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他們有責任心、成功、
02:40
and in control of our appetites,
bodies and lives.
bodies and lives.
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還能夠控制食欲、身體、以及自己的生活。
02:44
We see these ideas again and again
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我們一次次的接收這種信息，
02:46
in the media, in public health policy,
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它存在於在媒體上 在公共衛生政策中。
02:49
doctors' offices,
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在醫生的辦公室裏，
02:51
in everyday conversations
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在日常的聊天中
02:53
and in our own attitudes.
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以及我們自身的態度中。
02:55
We may even blame fat people themselves
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我們甚至會責備那些胖子，
02:58
for the discrimination they face
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對他們的樣子表示歧視。
03:00
because, after all, if we don't like it,
we should just lose weight.
we should just lose weight.
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畢竟，如果不喜歡自己的樣子，只要減肥就好了。
03:05
Easy.
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很簡單啊。
03:07
This antifat bias has become
so integral, so ingrained
so integral, so ingrained
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這種“反胖”的偏見在我們看待自己和他人的時候，
03:11
to how we value ourselves and each other
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已經根深蒂固了。
03:14
that we rarely question why
we have such contempt for people of size
we have such contempt for people of size
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我們卻從來不知道 為什麽對人們的體型會有如此的偏見，
03:20
and where that disdain comes from.
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這種偏見又是從哪來的。
03:22
But we must question it,
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然而，我們必須向其提出質疑，
03:24
because the enormous value
we place on how we look
we place on how we look
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因為我們對自身的樣貌極其的重視。
03:28
affects every one of us.
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這種價值觀影響著每個人，
03:31
And do we really want to live in a society
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如果一個人會因為不贊同一些獨特的社會認可，
03:33
where people are denied
their basic humanity
their basic humanity
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而被否定了他的人性時，
03:36
if they don't subscribe
to some arbitrary form of acceptable?
to some arbitrary form of acceptable?
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那麽這種社會我們真的想要麽？
03:42
So when I was six years old,
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在我六歲的時候，
03:43
my sister used to teach ballet
to a bunch of little girls in our garage.
to a bunch of little girls in our garage.
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我的姐姐在我家的車庫教一群小女孩跳芭蕾，
03:48
I was about a foot taller and a foot wider
than most of the group.
than most of the group.
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我幾乎比那裏所有的小女孩都“大一號”。
03:52
When it came to doing
our first performance,
our first performance,
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在進行第一次表演的時候，
03:54
I was so excited
about wearing a pretty pink tutu.
about wearing a pretty pink tutu.
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我因為要穿粉紅色的芭蕾舞裙而特別激動，
03:59
I was going to sparkle.
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我覺得我今天一定會很耀眼。
04:02
As the other girls slipped easily
into their Lycra and tulle creations,
into their Lycra and tulle creations,
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但是當其他女孩都輕松的穿上緊身衣和芭蕾舞裙的時候，
04:06
not one of the tutus
was big enough to fit me.
was big enough to fit me.
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卻沒有一件我能穿的進的演出服。
04:10
I was determined not to be
excluded from the performance,
excluded from the performance,
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我不想因此就退出演出，
04:14
so I turned to my mother
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所以我轉過身面對我的媽媽，
04:17
and loud enough for everyone to hear
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用所有人都能聽見的聲音跟她說，
04:20
said, "Mom, I don't need a tutu.
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“媽媽，我不需要tutu(普通的芭蕾舞裙)，
04:24
I need a fourfour."
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我要fourfour(圖上媽媽做的加大的演出服)！”
04:26
(Laughter)
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(笑)
04:29
Thanks, Mom.
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感謝我的媽媽。
04:31
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
04:34
And although I didn't
recognize it at the time,
recognize it at the time,
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盡管我那個時候還沒有意識到，
04:37
claiming space for myself
in that glorious fourfour
in that glorious fourfour
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這件超棒的演出服讓我自己感受到了認可，
04:40
was the first step towards becoming
a radical fat activist.
a radical fat activist.
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它使我在成為徹底的肥胖活躍分子的道路上跨出了第一步。
04:46
Now, I'm not saying
that this whole body-love thing
that this whole body-love thing
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我不是說 “愛身體”這件事情，
04:48
has been an easy skip along
a glittering path of self-acceptance
a glittering path of self-acceptance
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在當時，
04:53
since that day in class.
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只是一個簡單的自我接受的過程。
04:54
Far from it.
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還差得遠。
04:56
I soon learned that living outside
what the mainstream considers normal
what the mainstream considers normal
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很快我就意識到，生活在主流認知之外，
05:00
can be a frustrating and isolating place.
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是一件令人沮喪和感到孤立的事情。
05:04
I've spent the last 20 years unpacking
and deprogramming these messages,
and deprogramming these messages,
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我在過去的二十年一直在嘗試剖析並且試圖擺脫這種心態的影響。
05:09
and it's been quite the roller coaster.
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這種經歷就像坐過山車一樣，
05:12
I've been openly laughed at,
abused from passing cars
abused from passing cars
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我曾被嘲笑，曾在走過一輛車的時候被謾罵，
05:16
and been told that I'm delusional.
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也曾被說是癡心妄想，
05:19
I also receive smiles from strangers
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也曾收到過陌生人的微笑，
05:21
who recognize what it takes
to walk down the street
to walk down the street
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當他們發現，我在過街的時候，
05:24
with a spring in your step
and your head held high.
and your head held high.
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步伐輕快並且昂周挺胸。
05:27
(Cheer)
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(歡呼)
05:28
Thanks.
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謝謝。
05:30
And through it all, that fierce
little six-year-old has stayed with me,
little six-year-old has stayed with me,
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經歷過這一切之後，那個狂熱的六歲的我一直都在。
05:34
and she has helped me
stand before you today
stand before you today
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也是那時的我，使我今天能夠站在這裏，
05:37
as an unapologetic fat person,
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成為一個自信的胖子，
05:40
a person that simply refuses to subscribe
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成為一個不願承認，
05:43
to the dominant narrative
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胖給自己的生活所帶來的局限，
05:44
about how I should move
through the world in this body of mine.
through the world in this body of mine.
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認為胖限制了自身價值的胖子。
05:48
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
05:56
And I'm not alone.
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我並不是一個人，
05:58
I am part of an international
community of people
community of people
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我是一個國際組織中的一員，
06:01
who choose to, rather
than passively accepting
than passively accepting
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組織中的人都不是被動地接受，
06:04
that our bodies are
and probably always will be big,
and probably always will be big,
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只能一直這麽胖下去的現實，
06:08
we actively choose to flourish
in these bodies as they are today.
in these bodies as they are today.
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而是主動地選擇 帶著這樣的身軀幸福的生活。
06:13
People who honor our strength
and work with, not against,
and work with, not against,
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這些人能看到自身的優點並加以利用，
06:17
our perceived limitations,
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而不是去對抗自身的局限性，
06:19
people who value health
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這些人能夠，
06:21
as something much more holistic
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更加全面的看待健康，
06:23
than a number on an outdated BMI chart.
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而不只是盯著過時的BMI表。
06:27
Instead, we value mental health,
self-worth and how we feel in our bodies
self-worth and how we feel in our bodies
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相反的 我們更註重精神上的健康，
06:33
as vital aspects
to our overall well-being.
to our overall well-being.
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我們認為，自我的價值感和對身體的認知對整體的幸福感有著決定的作用。
06:37
People who refuse to believe
that living in these fat bodies
that living in these fat bodies
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我們不相信，肥胖的身軀，
06:40
is a barrier to anything, really.
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會是做什麼事情的阻礙。
06:45
There are doctors, academics and bloggers
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有許多醫生，學者和博主，
06:48
who have written countless volumes
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在這個問題的各各方面，
06:50
on the many facets
of this complex subject.
of this complex subject.
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寫了不計其數的文章。
06:54
There are fatshionistas
who reclaim their bodies and their beauty
who reclaim their bodies and their beauty
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這裏有胖胖的潮人，穿著比基尼，
06:59
by wearing fatkinis and crop tops,
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秀出自己的身材和美麗，
07:02
exposing the flesh
that we're all taught to hide.
that we're all taught to hide.
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露出那些被要求要藏起來的贅肉。
07:06
There are fat athletes
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這裏還有胖胖的運動員，
07:07
who run marathons,
teach yoga or do kickboxing,
teach yoga or do kickboxing,
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他們跑馬拉松、教瑜伽、打拳擊，
07:11
all done with a middle finger
firmly held up to the status quo.
firmly held up to the status quo.
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他們所做的每件事，都狠狠地扇了現實一耳光。
07:17
And these people have taught me
that radical body politics
that radical body politics
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是他們教會了我，這種對待身體的態度，
07:21
is the antidote
to our body-shaming culture.
to our body-shaming culture.
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能夠消除自己對身體產生的羞恥感。
07:25
But to be clear, I'm not saying
that people shouldn't change their bodies
that people shouldn't change their bodies
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但我不是說，人們不應該改變自己的體型，
07:30
if that's what they want to do.
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除非他們確實想這麽做。
07:32
Reclaiming yourself can be one
of the most gorgeous acts of self-love
of the most gorgeous acts of self-love
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改造自己是表現自愛的最棒的方式，
07:36
and can look like
a million different things,
a million different things,
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它會讓妳看變得與眾不同。
07:39
from hairstyles to tattoos
to body contouring
to body contouring
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從發型到紋身再到美體，
07:43
to hormones to surgery
and yes, even weight loss.
and yes, even weight loss.
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去打激素、去做手術、甚至去減肥，
07:47
It's simple: it's your body,
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這很簡單，因為這是妳的身體。
07:49
and you decide what's best to do with it.
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所以應該由妳來決定怎樣對它才是最好的。
07:52
My way of engaging in activism
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我作為活動積極分子的方式，
07:55
is by doing all the things
that we fatties aren't supposed to do,
that we fatties aren't supposed to do,
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就是去做一些看起來我們胖子不應該做的事，
07:58
and there's a lot of them,
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做許許多多的事情。
08:00
inviting other people to join me
and then making art about it.
and then making art about it.
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邀請一些人來加入我的活動，然後做一些藝術相關的事情。
08:05
The common thread
through most of this work
through most of this work
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貫穿這些作品的線索，
08:07
has been reclaiming spaces that are
often prohibitive to bigger bodies,
often prohibitive to bigger bodies,
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就是奪回那些胖子通常無法進入的領域。
08:12
from the catwalk to club shows,
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從走T臺、到夜店演出、
08:15
from public swimming pools
to prominent dance stages.
to prominent dance stages.
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從公共遊泳池、到著名的舞臺，
08:20
And reclaiming spaces en masse
is not only a powerful artistic statement
is not only a powerful artistic statement
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而一起奪回屬於自己的領域，不僅僅是一種有力的藝術主張，
08:25
but a radical community-building approach.
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同時也是一種徹底的構建群體的方式。
08:29
This was so true of "AQUAPORKO!" --
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這一點在“AQUAPORKO”上體現的淋漓盡致。
08:31
(Laughter)
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(笑)
08:33
the fat fem synchronized swim team
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她們是由胖子組成的女子花樣遊泳隊，
08:36
I started with a group
of friends in Sydney.
of friends in Sydney.
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我在悉尼認識了一群朋友，
08:40
The impact of seeing
a bunch of defiant fat women
a bunch of defiant fat women
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見到這麽一群，
08:43
in flowery swimming caps and bathers
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帶著花哨的泳帽，
08:46
throwing their legs in the air
without a care
without a care
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自由向空中踢腿的胖胖的女生時，
08:48
should not be underestimated.
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我認為她們帶來的影響不能被低估。
08:53
(Laughter)
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(笑)
08:56
Throughout my career, I have learned
that fat bodies are inherently political,
that fat bodies are inherently political,
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在我追求事業的過程中，我漸漸發現 “胖”本質上來說就像政治。
09:02
and unapologetic fat bodies
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作為一個理直氣壯的胖子，
09:04
can blow people's minds.
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會對人們的思維產生沖擊。
09:08
When director Kate Champion,
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當廣受贊譽的Force Majeure舞團的管理者，
09:10
of acclaimed dance theater
company Force Majeure,
company Force Majeure,
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Kate Champion找到我的時候，
09:13
asked me to be the artistic associate
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她詢問我是否想一起做藝術工作，
09:16
on a work featuring all fat dancers,
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讓“胖”作為舞者的特色。
09:19
I literally jumped at the opportunity.
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我毫不猶豫的就加入了，
09:23
And I mean literally.
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幾乎沒有思考。
09:26
"Nothing to Lose" is a work made
in collaboration with performers of size
in collaboration with performers of size
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“一無所有”是與一群藝術家合作的作品，
09:30
who drew from their lived experiences
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他們從自身生活中汲取經驗，
09:33
to create a work as varied
and authentic as we all are.
and authentic as we all are.
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創作真實而又多樣的作品。
09:38
And it was as far from ballet
as you could imagine.
as you could imagine.
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這和大眾想像中的芭蕾相去甚遠。
09:42
The very idea of a fat dance work
by such a prestigious company
by such a prestigious company
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胖人舞蹈這個想法最初由這個有聲望的公司提出來的時候，
09:46
was, to put it mildly, controversial,
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是飽受爭議的。
09:51
because nothing like it had ever been done
on mainstream dance stages before
on mainstream dance stages before
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因為在全世界都從未有人在主流的舞臺上，
09:56
anywhere in the world.
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做過類似的事情。
09:59
People were skeptical.
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人們對此持懷疑態度。
10:01
"What do you mean, 'fat dancers?'
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“妳說什麽？胖子跳舞麽？
10:05
Like, size 10, size 12 kind of fat?
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是那種10碼，12碼的胖麽，
10:10
Where did they do their dance training?
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他們在哪學習舞蹈？
10:13
Are they going to have the stamina
for a full-length production?"
for a full-length production?"
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他們有耐力能堅持下來一套完整的舞蹈麽？“
10:18
But despite the skepticism,
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盡管有這些懷疑者，
10:20
"Nothing to Lose" became
a sellout hit of Sydney Festival.
a sellout hit of Sydney Festival.
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”一無所有“還是成為了悉尼藝術節上賣座的演出，
10:24
We received rave reviews, toured,
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我們引發了熱烈的討論，進行巡演，
10:27
won awards and were written about
in over 27 languages.
in over 27 languages.
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不斷獲獎，還被27種語言報道過，
10:31
These incredible images of our cast
were seen worldwide.
were seen worldwide.
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這些演員的圖片在世界各地隨處可見。
10:37
I've lost count of how many times
people of all sizes
people of all sizes
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不記得曾經有多少人和我說過，
10:42
have told me that the show
has changed their lives,
has changed their lives,
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告訴我，這個表演改變了他們的生活，
10:45
how it helped them
shift their relationship
shift their relationship
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幫助他們轉變了，
10:47
to their own and other people's bodies,
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對待自己和他人的身體的態度，
10:49
and how it made them confront
their own bias.
their own bias.
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使他們改變了自身的偏見。
10:53
But of course, work
that pushes people's buttons
that pushes people's buttons
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當然，這個作品既然觸動了人心，
10:56
is not without its detractors.
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就也一定會有批評者。
10:59
I have been told
that I'm glorifying obesity.
that I'm glorifying obesity.
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我曾被告知我是在美化肥胖，
11:03
I have received violent death threats
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我也收到過暴力的死亡威脅，
11:05
and abuse for daring to make work
that centers fat people's bodies and lives
that centers fat people's bodies and lives
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以及因為勇於去擺正胖子的地位而收到的謾罵，
11:11
and treats us as worthwhile human beings
with valuable stories to tell.
with valuable stories to tell.
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而我只不過是想讓人們意識到，胖子也是有價值的一群人。
11:18
I've even been called
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我曾經還被稱為，
11:19
"the ISIS of the obesity epidemic" --
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是讓肥胖流行的ISIS（恐怖主義）。
11:22
(Laughter)
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(笑)
11:24
a comment so absurd that it is funny.
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這個評論荒唐又可笑，
11:28
But it also speaks to the panic,
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但這也恰恰說明了，
11:30
the literal terror,
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對肥胖的害怕，
11:32
that the fear of fat can evoke.
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能夠引發多大的恐慌。
11:35
It is this fear that's feeding
the diet industry,
the diet industry,
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正是這種恐懼促進了減肥產業的發展，
11:39
which is keeping so many of us
from making peace with our own bodies,
from making peace with our own bodies,
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它讓我們不再遵循自身的節奏，
11:43
for waiting to be the after-photo
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我們不再去主動開始自己的生活，
11:46
before we truly start to live our lives.
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而是不斷等待”減肥後“的自己。
11:49
Because the real elephant
in the room here is fatphobia.
in the room here is fatphobia.
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真正讓我們生活變糟的，是肥胖恐懼癥。
11:54
Fat activism refuses to indulge this fear.
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積極主義的胖子就是能夠不陷入這種恐懼，
11:58
By advocating for self-determination
and respect for all of us,
and respect for all of us,
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而是去宣揚自我自主和對所有人的尊重。
12:02
we can shift society's reluctance
to embrace diversity
to embrace diversity
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我們可以改變社會的遲疑而去接受人的多樣化，
12:06
and start to celebrate the myriad ways
there are to have a body.
there are to have a body.
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並且能夠去贊美不同的身材。
12:12
Thank you.
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謝謝大家。
12:13
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kelli Jean Drinkwater - Artist, activistKelli Jean Drinkwater is a multi-disciplinary artist and activist recognized for her creative practice and voice in radical body politics.
Why you should listen
Kelli Jean Drinkwater uses the fat body as a site to investigate the complex relationship we all have with our bodies and how that defines the world we live in.
Recurring themes in Drinkwater's work are notions of taking up space, queering fat embodiment and how this reclamation can transform and reimagine the potential of self and community. Her work is motivated by how these ideas intersect with gender, race, class and ability.
Drinkwater's work has featured in major international galleries, festivals and magazines. Now based in Sydney, Australia, her recent performances in include Force Majeure's "Nothing to Lose" for Sydney Festival, "NightCraft" for the Museum of Contemporary Art, "Tableau Vivant" for Underbelly Arts Festival, and "MonstaGras" at The Red Rattler Theatre.
Drinkwater's film Aquaporko! won the Audience Award for Best Documentary at Mardi Gras Film Festival 2013. Drinkwater is currently in production on a documentary feature that follows the making of the "Nothing to Lose" live show.
Kelli Jean Drinkwater | Speaker | TED.com