TEDWomen 2010
Sheikha Al Mayassa: Globalizing the local, localizing the global
Sheikha Al Mayassa: Globalizacija lokalnog, lokalizacija globalnog
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Sheikha Al Mayassa, pokroviteljica umjetnika, pripovjedača i tvoraca filmova u Kataru, govori o tome kako umjetnost i kultura stvaraju identitet države – i o dopuštenju svakoj državi da podijeli svoj jedinstveni identitet s cijelim svijetom. Kako ona kaže: „Ne želimo svi biti isti, ali želimo razumjeti jedni druge.“
Sheikha Al Mayassa - Founder, Doha Film Institute
Sheikha Al Mayassa is the young and progressive force behind Qatar's mission to become the Middle East's foremost destination for the arts and culture. Full bio
Sheikha Al Mayassa is the young and progressive force behind Qatar's mission to become the Middle East's foremost destination for the arts and culture. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Both myself and my brother
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I ja i moj brat
00:17
belong to the under 30 demographic,
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pripadamo demografskoj skupini ispod 30
00:19
which Pat said makes 70 percent,
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koja, kako je Pat rekao, čini 70 posto,
00:21
but according to our statistics
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ali prema našoj statistici
00:23
it makes 60 percent of the region's population.
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ona čini 60 posto, populacije regije.
00:26
Qatar is no exception to the region.
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Katar nije iznimka u regiji.
00:28
It's a very young nation led by young people.
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To je vrlo mlad narod koji vode mladi ljudi.
00:31
We have been reminiscing about the latest technologies
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Podsjetili smo se danas na najnovije tehnoligije
00:34
and the iPods,
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i iPode,
00:36
and for me the abaya,
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a ja na abaju,
00:38
my traditional dress that I'm wearing today.
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tradicionalnu haljinu koju sam danas obukla.
00:40
Now this is not a religious garment,
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Dakle, to nije religiozna odjeća
00:42
nor is it a religious statement.
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niti je to religiozni izričaj.
00:44
Instead, it's a diverse cultural statement
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Umjesto toga, to je različit kulturni izričaj
00:47
that we choose to wear.
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koji smo mi odlučili nositi.
00:49
Now I remember a few years ago,
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Sjećam se, prije nekoliko godina,
00:51
a journalist asked Dr. Sheikha, who's sitting here,
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novinar je pitao dr. Sheikhu, koja sjedi ovdje,
00:54
president of Qatar University --
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predsjednicu Sveučilišta Katar –
00:56
who, by the way, is a woman --
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koja je, usput, žena –
00:58
he asked her whether she thought
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pitao ju je misli li kako
01:00
the abaya hindered or infringed her freedom in any way.
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abaja ometa ili krši njenu slobodu na bilo koji način.
01:03
Her answer was quite the contrary.
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Njen odgovor bio je upravo suprotno.
01:05
Instead, she felt more free,
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Umjesto toga, osjećala se slobodnijom,
01:07
more free because she could wear whatever she wanted
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slobodnijom jer ona može nositi što god želi
01:09
under the abaya.
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ispod abaje.
01:11
She could come to work in her pajamas and nobody would care.
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Mogla je doći na posao u pidžami i nitko ne bi mario.
01:14
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:16
Not that you do; I'm just saying.
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Nije da to radiš, samo kažem.
01:18
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:20
My point is here, people have a choice --
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Moja poanta je da ljudi imaju izbor –
01:22
just like the Indian lady could wear her sari
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kao što Indijka može nositi svoj sari
01:24
or the Japanese woman could wear her kimono.
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ili Japanka može nositi svoj kimono.
01:27
We are changing our culture from within,
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Mi mijenjamo našu kulturu iz temelja,
01:29
but at the same time
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ali se istovremeno
01:31
we are reconnecting with our traditions.
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ponovno povezujemo s našim tradicijama.
01:33
We know that modernization is happening.
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Znamo da se modernizacija događa.
01:35
And yes, Qatar wants to be a modern nation.
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I da, Katar želi biti moderna nacija.
01:37
But at the same time
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Ali istovremeno
01:39
we are reconnecting and reasserting our Arab heritage.
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mi se ponovno povezujemo i potvrđujemo naše arapsko nasljeđe.
01:42
It's important for us to grow organically.
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Nama je bitno rasti organski.
01:45
And we continuously make the conscious decision
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I mi neprekidno donosimo svjesnu odluku
01:47
to reach that balance.
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kako bismo dosegli ravnotežu.
01:49
In fact, research has shown
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Zapravo, istraživanja su pokazala
01:52
that the more the world is flat,
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da što je svijet ravniji,
01:54
if I use Tom Friedman's analogy,
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ako koristim analogiju Toma Friedmana,
01:56
or global,
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ili globalan,
01:58
the more and more people are wanting to be different.
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to više ljudi želi biti različito.
02:00
And for us young people,
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Za nas mlade ljude,
02:02
they're looking to become individuals
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mi pokušavamo postati individue
02:04
and find their differences amongst themselves.
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i pronaći razlike među sobom.
02:06
Which is why I prefer the Richard Wilk analogy
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Zato ja preferiram analogiju Richarda Wilka
02:09
of globalizing the local
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o globalizaciji lokalnog
02:11
and localizing the global.
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i lokalizaciji globalnog.
02:13
We don't want to be all the same,
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Mi ne želimo svi biti isti,
02:15
but we want to respect each other and understand each other.
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ali želimo poštovati jedni druge i razumijeti jedni druge.
02:18
And therefore tradition becomes more important,
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I zato tradicija postaje važnija,
02:20
not less important.
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a ne manje bitna.
02:22
Life necessitates a universal world,
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Životu je potreban univerzalni svijet,
02:25
however, we believe in the security
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međutim, mi vjerujemo u sigurnost
02:27
of having a local identity.
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posjedovanja vlastitog identiteta.
02:29
And this is what the leaders of this region
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I to je ono što vođe ove regije
02:31
are trying to do.
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pokušavaju učiniti.
02:33
We're trying to be part of this global village,
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Mi pokušavamo biti dio globalnog sela,
02:35
but at the same time we're revising ourselves
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ali istovremeno se preispitujemo
02:38
through our cultural institutions and cultural development.
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kroz naše kulturne institucije i kulturni razvoj.
02:42
I'm a representation of that phenomenon.
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Ja sam predstavnik tog fenomena.
02:45
And I think a lot of people in this room,
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I mislim kako je puno ljudi u ovoj prostoriji,
02:47
I can see a lot of you are in the same position as myself.
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vidim da su mnogi od vas u istoj poziciji kao ja.
02:49
And I'm sure, although we can't see the people in Washington,
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I sigurna sam, iako ne možemo vidjeti ljude u Washingtonu,
02:52
they are in the same position.
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oni su u istoj poziciji.
02:54
We're continuously trying to straddle
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Mi konstantno pokušavamo opkoračiti
02:56
different worlds, different cultures
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različite svjetove, različite kulture
02:58
and trying to meet the challenges
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i pokušavamo susresti izazove
03:00
of a different expectation
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različitih očekivanja
03:02
from ourselves and from others.
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od nas i od drugih.
03:04
So I want to ask a question:
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Zato želim postaviti pitanje:
03:06
What should culture in the 21st century look like?
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Kako bi kultura trebala izgledati u 21. stoljeću?
03:09
In a time where the world is becoming personalized,
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U vrijeme kad svijet postaje personaliziran,
03:12
when the mobile phone, the burger, the telephone,
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gdje mobiteli, hamburger, telefon,
03:15
everything has its own personal identity,
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sve ima svoj osobni identitet,
03:17
how should we perceive ourselves
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kako bismo trebali razumjeti sebe
03:19
and how should we perceive others?
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i kako bismo trebali razumjeti druge?
03:21
How does that impact our desert culture?
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Kako to utječe na našu pustinjsku kulturu?
03:24
I'm not sure of how many of you in Washington
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Nisam sigurna koliko je vas u Washingtonu
03:27
are aware of the cultural developments happening in the region
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svjesno kulturnog razvoja koji se događa u regiji
03:30
and, the more recent, Museum of Islamic Art
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i, od nedavno, Muzeja islamske umjetnosti,
03:32
opened in Qatar in 2008.
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otvorenog u Kataru 2008.
03:35
I myself am personalizing these cultural developments,
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Ja osobno utjelovljujem ta kulturna dostignuća,
03:38
but I also understand
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ali također razumijem
03:40
that this has to be done organically.
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da to treba biti učinjeno organski.
03:42
Yes, we do have all the resources that we need
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Da, mi imamo sve izvore potrebne
03:45
in order to develop new cultural institutions,
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za osnivanje novih kulturnih institucija,
03:48
but what I think is more important
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ali ja mislim kako je važnije
03:50
is that we are very fortunate
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to što smo vrlo sretni
03:52
to have visionary leaders
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što imamo vizionare - vođe
03:54
who understand that this can't happen from outside,
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koji razumiju da ovo ne može biti učinjeno izvana,
03:56
it has to come from within.
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nego treba doći iznutra.
03:58
And guess what?
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I pogodite što?
04:00
You might be surprised to know that most people in the Gulf
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Mogli biste se iznenaditi saznanjem kako su većina ljudi u Gulfu
04:03
who are leading these cultural initiatives
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koji vode te kulturne inicijative
04:05
happen to be women.
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žene.
04:07
I want to ask you, why do you think this is?
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Želim vas pitati, što mislite zašto je to tako?
04:10
Is it because it's a soft option;
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Je li to zato što je to mekša opcija;
04:12
we have nothing else to do?
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mi nemamo ništa drugo za raditi?
04:14
No, I don't think so.
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Ne, ja ne mislim tako.
04:16
I think that women in this part of the world
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Ja mislim da žene u ovom dijelu svijeta
04:19
realize that culture is an important component
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shvaćaju kako je kultura važna komponenta
04:21
to connect people
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koja povezuje ljude
04:23
both locally and regionally.
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lokalno i regionalno.
04:25
It's a natural component
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To je prirodna komponenta
04:27
for bringing people together, discussing ideas --
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koja zbližava ljude, raspravljajući o idejama –
04:30
in the same way we're doing here at TED.
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na isti način kao što mi to radimo ovdje u TED-u.
04:32
We're here, we're part of a community,
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Mi ovdje, mi smo dio zajednice,
04:34
sharing out ideas and discussing them.
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dijeleći naše ideje i raspravljajući o njima.
04:37
Art becomes a very important part
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Umjetnost postaje vrlo važan dio
04:39
of our national identity.
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našeg nacionalnog identiteta.
04:41
The existential and social and political impact
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Egzistencijalni i socijalni i politički utjecaj
04:45
an artist has
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koji umjetnik ima
04:47
on his nation's development of cultural identity
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na nacionalni razvoj kulturnog identiteta
04:49
is very important.
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je jako važan.
04:51
You know, art and culture is big business.
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Znate, umjetnost i kultura su velik posao.
04:53
Ask me.
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Pitajte mene.
04:55
Ask the chairpersons and CEOs
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Pitajte predsjedajuće i izvršne upravitelje
04:57
of Sotheby's and Christie's.
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Sothebyja i Christija.
04:59
Ask Charles Saatchi about great art.
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Pitajte Charlesa Saatchija o velikoj umjetnosti.
05:02
They make a lot of money.
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Oni zarađuju puno novaca.
05:04
So I think women in our society
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Zato ja mislim kako žene u našem društvu
05:06
are becoming leaders,
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postaju vođe,
05:08
because they realize
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zato što shvaćaju
05:10
that for their future generations,
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da je za buduće generacije
05:12
it's very important
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jako bitno
05:14
to maintain our cultural identities.
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održavanje kulturnog identiteta.
05:16
Why else do Greeks demand the return
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Zbog čega drugog Grci zahtjevaju povratak
05:18
of the Elgin Marbles?
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Elginovih umjetničkih djela?
05:20
And why is there an uproar
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I zašto se diže buka
05:22
when a private collector tries to sell his collection
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kad privatni kolekcionar pokuša prodati svoju kolekciju
05:24
to a foreign museum?
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stranom muzeju?
05:26
Why does it take me months on end
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Zašto su mi potrebni mjeseci na rubu
05:28
to get an export license from London or New York
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kako bih dobila izvoznu dozvolu iz Londona za New York
05:31
in order to get pieces into my country?
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kako bih odnijela komade u svoju zemlju?
05:34
In few hours, Shirin Neshat, my friend from Iran
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Za nekoliko sati, Shirin Neshat, moja prijateljica iz Irana,
05:37
who's a very important artist for us
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koja je vrlo važna umjetnica za nas,
05:40
will be talking to you.
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će vam pričati.
05:42
She lives in New York City, but she doesn't try to be a Western artist.
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Ona živi u New York Cityju, ali ona ne pokušava biti zapadnjačka umjetnica.
05:45
Instead, she tries to engage
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Umjesto toga, ona se pokušava uključiti
05:47
in a very important dialogue
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u vrlo bitan dijalog
05:49
about her culture, nation and heritage.
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o svojoj kulturi, naciji i nasljeđu.
05:51
She does that through important visual forms
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Ona to čini kroz važne vizualne oblike
05:54
of photography and film.
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fotografije i filma.
05:56
In the same way, Qatar is trying to grow its national museums
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Na isti način, Katar pokušava izgraditi svoje nacionalne muzeje
06:00
through an organic process from within.
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kroz organski proces iznutra.
06:03
Our mission is of cultural integration and independence.
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Naša misija je kulturna integracija i neovisnost.
06:06
We don't want to have what there is in the West.
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Mi ne želimo imati ono što je na Zapadu.
06:08
We don't want their collections.
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Mi ne želimo njihove kolekcije.
06:10
We want to build our own identities, our own fabric,
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Mi želimo izgraditi naš vlastiti identitet, našu vlastitu građu,
06:13
create an open dialogue
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stvoriti vlastiti dijalog
06:15
so that we share our ideas
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kako bismo podijelili svoje ideje
06:17
and share yours with us.
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s vama i obratno.
06:19
In a few days,
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Za nekoliko dana,
06:21
we will be opening the Arab Museum of Modern Art.
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otvorit ćemo Arapski muzej moderne umjetnosti.
06:24
We have done extensive research
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Napravili smo opsežno istraživanje
06:26
to ensure that Arab and Muslim artists,
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kako bismo osigurali te arapske i muslimanske umjetnike,
06:28
and Arabs who are not Muslims --
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i Arape koji nisu muslimani –
06:30
not all Arabs are Muslims, by the way --
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nisu svi Arapi muslimani, usput –
06:32
but we make sure that they are represented
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i osigurali da su svi predstavljeni
06:34
in this new institution.
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u ovoj novoj instituciji.
06:37
This institution is government-backed
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Ova ustanova je vladom potpomognuta
06:39
and it has been the case
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i to već
06:41
for the past three decades.
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tri desetljeća.
06:43
We will open the museum in a few days,
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Otvorit ćemo muzej za nekoliko dana
06:45
and I welcome all of you to get on Qatar Airways
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i pozivam vas sve da sjednete na zračnu liniju za Katar
06:48
and come and join us.
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i dođete i pridružite nam se.
06:50
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:52
Now this museum is just as important to us as the West.
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Ovaj muzej jednako je bitan nama kao i Zapadu.
06:56
Some of you might have heard
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Neki su od vas možda čuli
06:58
of the Algerian artist Baya Mahieddine,
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za alžirskog umjetnika Bayu Mahieddinea,
07:01
but I doubt a lot of people know
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ali sumnjam da puno ljudi zna
07:03
that this artist worked in Picasso's studio
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da je ovaj umjetnik radio u Picassovom studiju
07:06
in Paris in the 1930s.
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u Parizu 1930.
07:08
For me it was a new discovery.
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Za mene je to bilo novo otkriće.
07:10
And I think with time, in the years to come
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I mislim kako ćemo s vremenom, u nadolazećim godinama,
07:13
we'll be learning a lot about our Picassos,
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saznati puno o našim Picassoima,
07:15
our Legers and our Cezannes.
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našim Legerima i našim Cezanneima.
07:17
We do have artists,
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Mi imamo umjetnike,
07:19
but unfortunately we have not discovered them yet.
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ali nažalost nismo ih još otkrili.
07:22
Now visual expression is just one form
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Vizualna ekspresija samo je jedan oblik
07:25
of culture integration.
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kulturne integracije.
07:28
We have realized that recently
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Shvatili smo da se od nedavno
07:30
more and more people
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sve više i više ljudi
07:32
are using the means of YouTube and social networking
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koristi sredstvima You Tubea i društvenih mreža
07:35
to express their stories, share their photos
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kako bi izrekli svoje priče, podijelili svoje fotografije
07:38
and tell their own stories through their own voices.
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i rekli svoje vlastite priče svojim vlastitim glasovima.
07:40
In a similar way,
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Na sličan način,
07:42
we have created the Doha Film Institute.
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stvorili smo Institut za film Doha.
07:44
Now the Doha Film Institute is an organization
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Institut za film Doha organizacija je
07:47
to teach people about film and filmmaking.
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koja podučava ljude o filmu i stvaranju filma.
07:50
Last year we didn't have one Qatari woman filmmaker.
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Prošle godine nismo imali niti jednu Katarku kao tvorca filma.
07:53
Today I am proud to say
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Danas, ponosno mogu reći
07:55
we have trained and educated
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da imamo 66 treniranih
07:57
over 66 Qatari women filmmakers
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i educiranih Katarki filmotvorki
07:59
to edit, tell their own stories
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koje će moći prikazati, ispričati vlastite priče
08:01
in their own voices.
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svojim vlastitim glasovima.
08:03
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
08:09
Now if you'll allow me, I would love to share a one-minute film
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Sad, ako mi dopustite, voljela bih vam pokazati jednominutni film
08:12
that has proven to show
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koji je dokazao
08:14
that a 60-sec film can be as powerful as a haiku
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da 60 sekundni film može biti jednako moćan kao haiku
08:17
in telling a big picture.
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u prikazivanju veće slike.
08:19
And this is one of our filmmakers' products.
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I ovo je proizvod jednog od naših filmotvoraca.
08:22
(Video) Boy: Hey listen! Did you know that the stocks are up?
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(Video) Dječak : Hej slušaj! Jesi li znala da su dionice porasle?
08:25
Who are you playing?
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Koga ti glumiš?
08:27
Girl: Uncle Khaled. Here, put on the headscarf.
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Djevojčica: Ujaka Khaleda. Evo, stavi šal za glavu.
08:29
Khaled: Why would I want to put it on?
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Khaled: Zašto bih ga htio staviti?
08:31
Girl: Do as you're told, young girl.
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Djevojčica: Napravi što ti je rečeno, mlada damo.
08:33
Boy: No, you play mom and I play dad. (Girl: But it's my game.)
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Dječak: Ne, ti budi mama, a ja ću biti tata. (Djevojčica: Ali ovo je moja igra.)
08:36
Play by yourself then.
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Igraj se onda sama.
08:38
Girl: Women! One word and they get upset.
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Djevojčica: Žene! Jedna riječ i odmah se uzrujaju.
08:41
Useless.
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Beskorisno.
08:47
Thank you. Thank you!
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Hvala. Hvala!
08:51
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
08:58
SM: Going back to straddling between East and West,
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SM: Vraćajući se opkoračivanju između Istoka i Zapada,
09:01
last month we had our second Doha Tribeca Film Festival
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prošli smo mjesec imali drugi Doha Tribeca filmski festival
09:04
here in Doha.
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ovdje u Dohi.
09:06
The Doha Tribeca Film Festival
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Doha Tribeca filmski festival
09:08
was held at our new cultural hub, Katara.
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je održan u našem novom kulturnom centru, Katara.
09:11
It attracted 42,000 people,
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Privukao je 42.000 ljudi,
09:13
and we showcased 51 films.
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a prikazali smo 51 film.
09:15
Now the Doha Tribeca Film Festival
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Doha Tribeca filmski festival
09:17
is not an imported festival,
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nije važan festival,
09:19
but rather an important festival
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nego radije važan festival
09:21
between the cities of New York and Doha.
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između gradova New Yorka i Dohe.
09:24
It's important for two things.
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Bitan je zbog dviju stvari.
09:26
First, it allows us to showcase
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Prva, dopušta nam prikazivanje
09:28
our Arab filmmakers and voices
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naših arapskih filmotvoraca i glasova
09:30
to one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the world,
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jednome najviše kozmopolitskom gradu na svijetu,
09:32
New York City.
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New York Cityju.
09:34
At the same time, we are inviting them
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U isto vrijeme, mi ih pozivamo
09:36
to come and explore our part of the world.
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da dođu i istraže naš dio svijeta.
09:38
They're learning our culture, our language, our heritage
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Oni uče našu kulturu, naš jezik, naše naslijeđe
09:41
and realizing we're just as different
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i shvaćaju da smo mi jednako različiti
09:44
and just the same as each other.
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i jednako slični jedni drugima.
09:47
Now over and over again,
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Opet i opet,
09:49
people have said, "Let's build bridges,"
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ljudi su govorili: “Izgradimo mostove",
09:51
and frankly, I want to do more than that.
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i iskreno, ja želim učiniti više od toga.
09:53
I would like break the walls of ignorance
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Ja bih htjela srušiti zidove neznanja
09:55
between East and West --
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između Istoka i Zapada –
09:57
no, not the soft option that we have discussed before,
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ne, ne mekšu opciju o kojoj smo raspravljali ranije,
10:00
but rather the soft power
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nego radije mekšu moć
10:02
that Joseph Nye has spoken about before.
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o kojoj je Joseph Nye govorio ranije.
10:05
Culture's a very important tool to bring people together.
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Kultura je vrlo bitno oruđe za zbližavanje ljudi.
10:08
We should not underestimate it.
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Ne bismo je smjeli podcijeniti.
10:11
"Know thyself,"
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"Upoznati sebe“,
10:13
that is the journey of self-expression and self-realization
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to je putovanje samoizražaja i samoshvaćanja
10:15
that we are traveling.
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kojim putujemo.
10:17
Now I don't pretend to have all the answers,
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Ja se ne pretvaram kako imam sve odgovore,
10:19
but I know that me as an individual
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ali znam da ja, kao individua,
10:21
and we as a nation
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i mi kao narod
10:23
welcome this community
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želimo dobrodošlicu zajednici
10:25
of ideas worth spreading.
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ideja vrijednih širenja.
10:27
This is a very interesting journey.
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Ovo je vrlo zanimljivo putovanje.
10:29
I welcome you on board
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Želim vam dobrodošlicu
10:31
for us to engage and discuss new ideas
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kako bi se obvezali i raspravili nove ideje
10:34
of how to bring people together
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kako udružiti ljude
10:36
through cultural initiatives and discussions.
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kroz kulturološke inicijative i rasprave.
10:38
Familiarity destroys and trumps fear. Try it.
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Upoznatost uništava i pobija strah. Pokušajte.
10:42
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you very much. Shokran.
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Dame i gospodo, hvala vam puno. Šokran.
10:45
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sheikha Al Mayassa - Founder, Doha Film InstituteSheikha Al Mayassa is the young and progressive force behind Qatar's mission to become the Middle East's foremost destination for the arts and culture.
Why you should listen
As chairperson of the Qatar Museums Authority (QMA), Her Excellency Sheikha Al Mayassa bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani uses the rich history of her country to drive education and cross-cultural interaction today. The QMA’s flagship project is the Museum of Islamic Art, an institution built to serve as the world’s center for education and information on art in the Muslim world. According to H.E. Sheikha Al Mayassa’s vision, the museum will not only preserve and document the vast diversity of Islamic art, but also provide a welcoming place for the international community to learn more about an often-oversimplified culture.
Sheikha Al Mayassa has committed to fostering diversity and creating opportunity for all. She is also the chairperson for Reach Out to Asia (ROTA), an organization that is trying to provide access to education for underserved populations throughout Asia, regardless of gender or age. She’s continuing her own education by pursuing a graduate degree at Columbia University in New York.Sheikha Al Mayassa | Speaker | TED.com