TEDGlobal 2012
Malte Spitz: Your phone company is watching
Malte Spitz: Perusahaan telepon mengawasi Anda
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Data apa saja yang dikumpulkan oleh perusahaan telepon Anda? Malte Spitz tidak terlalu khawatir saat dia meminta operator teleponnya di Jerman untuk memberikan informasi yang disimpan mengenai dirinya. Disertai banyak permintaan yang tidak terjawab dan gugatan hukum, Spitz menerima 35.830 baris kode -- rincian, hampir merupakan setengah tahun hidupnya dari menit ke menit.
Malte Spitz - Politician, data activist
Malte Spitz asked his cell phone carrier what it knew about him -- and mapped what he found out. Full bio
Malte Spitz asked his cell phone carrier what it knew about him -- and mapped what he found out. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
Hi. This is my mobile phone.
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Hai. Ini adalah ponsel saya.
00:24
A mobile phone can change your life,
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Ponsel dapat mengubah hidup Anda
00:31
and a mobile phone gives you individual freedom.
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dan memberi Anda kebebasan pribadi.
00:40
With a mobile phone,
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Dengan ponsel,
00:43
you can shoot a crime against humanity in Syria.
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Anda dapat merekam kejahatan kemanusiaan di Suriah.
00:47
With a mobile phone,
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Dengan ponsel,
00:49
you can tweet a message
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Anda dapat menulis tweet
00:52
and start a protest in Egypt.
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dan memulai demonstrasi di Mesir.
00:57
And with a mobile phone,
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Dan dengan ponsel,
01:00
you can record a song, load it up to
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Anda dapat merekam lagu, mengunggahnya ke
01:03
SoundCloud and become famous.
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SoundCloud dan menjadi terkenal.
01:05
All this is possible with your mobile phone.
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Semua itu dimungkinkan dengan ponsel Anda.
01:10
I'm a child of 1984,
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Saya lahir di tahun 1984,
01:12
and I live in the city of Berlin.
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dan tinggal di kota Berlin.
01:15
Let's go back to that time, to this city.
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Mari kita kembali ke saat itu, ke kota ini.
01:21
Here you can see
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Anda dapat melihat
01:22
how hundreds of thousands of people
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bagaimana ratusan ribu orang
01:24
stood up and protested for change.
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berdiri dan melakukan protes untuk perubahan.
01:29
This is autumn 1989,
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Saat itu musim gugur 1989,
01:32
and imagine that all those people standing up
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bayangkan bila semua orang yang berdiri
01:36
and protesting for change had a
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dan memprotes itu memiliki
01:39
mobile phone in their pocket.
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ponsel di dalam saku mereka.
01:42
Who in the room has a mobile phone with you?
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Siapa di ruangan ini yang memiliki ponsel?
01:44
Hold it up.
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Angkat tangan Anda.
01:45
Hold your phones up, hold your phones up!
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Tunjukkan ponsel Anda!
01:48
Hold it up. An Android, a Blackberry, wow.
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Tunjukkan ponsel Anda. Android, Blackberry, wow.
01:51
That's a lot. Almost everybody today has a mobile phone.
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Ada banyak. Kini hampir semua orang memiliki ponsel.
01:58
But today I will talk about me and my mobile phone,
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Hari ini saya ingin berbicara mengenai saya dan ponsel saya,
02:02
and how it changed my life.
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dan bagaimana ponsel ini mengubah hidup saya.
02:06
And I will talk about this.
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Saya akan berbicara tentang ini.
02:09
These are 35,830 lines of information.
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Terdapat 35.830 baris informasi.
02:14
Raw data.
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Data mentah.
02:17
And why are these informations there?
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Lalu mengapa informasi ini ada di sana?
02:22
Because in the summer of 2006,
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Karena di musim panas 2006,
02:25
the E.U. Commission tabled a directive.
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Komisi Uni Eropa mengeluarkan himbauan.
02:28
This directive [is] called Data Retention Directive.
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Himbauan ini disebut Himbauan Penyimpanan Data.
02:33
This directive says that each phone company in Europe,
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Himbauan ini mengatakan bahwa setiap perusahaan telepon di Eropa,
02:37
each Internet service company all over Europe,
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setiap penyedia layanan internet di seluruh Eropa,
02:42
has to store a wide range of information about the users.
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harus menyimpan beragam informasi mengenai penggunanya.
02:47
Who calls whom? Who sends whom an email?
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Siapa menelepon siapa? Siapa mengirim email ke siapa?
02:50
Who sends whom a text message?
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Siapa mengirim pesan ke siapa?
02:52
And if you use your mobile phone, where you are.
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Dan jika Anda menggunakan ponsel Anda, di mana Anda berada.
02:57
All this information is stored for at least six months,
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Semua informasi ini disimpan setidaknya selama enam bulan
03:01
up to two years by your phone company
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hingga dua tahun oleh perusahaan telepon Anda
03:04
or your Internet service provider.
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atau penyedia layanan internet Anda.
03:10
And all over Europe, people stood up and said,
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Di seluruh Eropa, orang-orang berdiri dan berkata,
03:14
"We don't want this."
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"Kami tidak menghendaki hal ini."
03:17
They said, we don't want this data retention.
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Mereka tidak ingin penyimpanan data ini.
03:20
We want self-determination in the digital age,
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Mereka menginginkan kebebasan pribadi di era digital
03:23
and we don't want that phone companies and Internet companies
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dan tidak mau perusahaan telepon dan penyedia layanan internet
03:26
have to store all this information about us.
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menyimpan semua informasi itu.
03:30
They were lawyers, journalists, priests,
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Mereka terdiri dari pengacara, jurnalis, pemimpin agama,
03:33
they all said: "We don't want this."
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yang berkata, "Kami tidak menghendaki hal ini."
03:36
And here you can see, like 10 thousands of people
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Di sini Anda melihat, sekitar sepuluh ribu orang
03:39
went out on the streets of Berlin and said,
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turun ke jalan-jalan kota Berlin dan berkata,
03:42
"Freedom, not fear."
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"Kemerdekaan, bukan ketakutan."
03:45
And some even said, this would be Stasi 2.0.
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Beberapa orang bahkan mengatakan, ini akan menjadi Stasi 2.0.
03:49
Stasi was the secret police in East Germany.
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Stasi adalah polisi rahasia Jerman Timur.
03:55
And I also ask myself, does it really work?
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Saya juga bertanya-tanya sendiri, apakah ini mungkin?
04:00
Can they really store all this information about us?
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Dapatkan mereka menyimpan semua informasi tentang diri kita?
04:03
Every time I use my mobile phone?
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Setiap kali saya menggunakan ponsel?
04:07
So I asked my phone company, Deutsche Telekom,
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Jadi saya meminta perusahaan telepon saya, Deutsche Telekom,
04:11
which was at that time the largest phone company in Germany,
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yang saat itu merupakan perusahaan telepon terbesar di Jerman,
04:14
and I asked them, please,
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saya meminta mereka
04:16
send me all the information you have stored about me.
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untuk mengirimkan semua informasi tentang diri saya yang mereka simpan.
04:20
And I asked them once, and I asked them again,
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Saya memintanya sekali, kemudian sekali lagi,
04:22
and I got no real answer. It was only blah blah answers.
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dan tidak ada jawaban nyata. Hanya "bla bla."
04:25
But then I said, I want to have this information,
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Kemudian saya berkata, saya ingin informasi ini
04:28
because this is my life you are protocoling.
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karena Anda merekam naskah hidup saya.
04:33
So I decided to start a lawsuit against them,
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Jadi saya memutuskan untuk mengajukan gugatan hukum
04:37
because I wanted to have this information.
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karena saya ingin memperoleh informasi ini.
04:40
But Deutsche Telekom said, no,
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Namun Deutsche Telekom berkata, tidak,
04:42
we will not give you this information.
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kami tidak akan memberikan informasi ini.
04:45
So at the end, I had a settlement with them.
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Pada akhirnya, saya bersepakat dengan mereka.
04:49
I'll put down the lawsuit
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Saya akan mencabut gugatan saya
04:51
and they will send me all the information I ask for.
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dan mereka akan mengirimkan informasi yang saya inginkan.
04:54
Because in the mean time,
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Karena pada saat itu
04:55
the German Constitutional Court ruled
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Undang-Undang Jerman mengatur
04:57
that the implementation of this E.U. directive
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bahwa penerapan himbauan Uni Eropa
05:01
into German law was unconstitutional.
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di Jerman tidak ada dasar hukumnya.
05:05
So I got this ugly brown envelope
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Jadi saya menerima amplop coklat jelek ini
05:08
with a C.D. inside.
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yang berisi sebuah cakram (CD).
05:10
And on the C.D., this was on.
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Dan di dalam cakram tersebut
05:13
Thirty-five thousand eight hundred thirty lines of information.
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terdapat 35.830 baris informasi ini.
05:19
At first I saw it, and I said, okay,
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Saat pertama melihat, saya berkata, baiklah,
05:21
it's a huge file. Okay.
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berkas ini besar sekali. Okay.
05:24
But then after a while I realized,
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Namun setelah beberapa saat, saya menyadari
05:27
this is my life.
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inilah hidup saya.
05:29
This is six months of my life,
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Inilah enam bulan hidup saya
05:31
into this file.
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di dalam berkas ini.
05:35
So I was a little bit skeptical, what should I do with it?
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Saya sedikit ragu, apa yang harus saya lakukan dengan data ini?
05:40
Because you can see where I am,
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Karena Anda bisa tahu di mana saya berada,
05:43
where I sleep at night,
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di mana saya tidur di malam hari,
05:45
what I am doing.
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dan apa yang saya lakukan.
05:50
But then I said, I want to go out with this information.
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Lalu saya berkata, saya ingin keluar dengan informasi ini.
05:54
I want to make them public.
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Saya ingin membuatnya tersedia untuk umum.
05:56
Because I want to show the people what does data retention mean.
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Karena saya ingin menunjukkan apa arti dari penyimpanan data ini.
06:00
So together with Zeit Online and Open Data City, I did this.
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Jadi bersama Zeit Online dan Open Data City, saya melakukan ini.
06:06
This is a visualization of six months of my life.
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Inilah visualisasi dari enam bulan kehidupan saya.
06:10
You can zoom in and zoom out,
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Anda dapat memperbesar dan memperkecilnya,
06:12
you can wind back and fast forward.
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Anda dapat memundurkan dan memajukannya.
06:14
You can see every step I take.
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Anda dapat melihat setiap langkah saya.
06:18
And you can even see
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Bahkan Anda dapat melihat
06:20
how I go from Frankfurt by train
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bagaimana saya naik kereta api dari Frankfurt
06:23
to Cologne, and how often I call in between.
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menuju Cologne, dan seberapa sering saya menelepon di perjalanan.
06:27
All this is possible with this information.
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Semua ini dimungkinkan dengan informasi ini.
06:32
That's a little bit scary.
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Ini sedikit mengerikan.
06:37
But it is not only about me.
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Namun ini bukan hanya mengenai diri saya.
06:43
It's about all of us.
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Ini tentang kita semua.
06:45
First, it's only like, I call my wife and she calls me,
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Pertama, ini seperti, saya menelepon istri saya dan sebaliknya
06:50
and we talk to each other a couple of times.
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dan kami saling berbicara beberapa kali.
06:53
And then there are some friends calling me,
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Lalu ada beberapa teman yang menelepon saya,
06:55
and they call each other.
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dan mereka saling menelepon.
06:57
And after a while you are calling you,
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Dan setelah beberapa saat, Anda menelepon Anda,
06:59
and you are calling you, and you have this great
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lalu Anda mendapatkan jaringan komunikasi
07:01
communication network.
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yang luar biasa ini.
07:04
But you can see how your people are communicating with each other,
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Anda juga dapat melihat bagaimana orang-orang saling berkomunikasi,
07:08
what times they call each other, when they go to bed.
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kapan mereka menelepon, kapan mereka tidur.
07:12
You can see all of this.
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Anda dapat melihat semua ini.
07:14
You can see the hubs, like who are the leaders in the group.
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Anda dapat melihat pusatnya, seperti siapa pemimpin kelompok ini.
07:18
If you have access to this information,
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Jika Anda memiliki akses pada informasi ini,
07:21
you can see what your society is doing.
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Anda dapat melihat apa yang dilakukan masyarakat Anda.
07:25
If you have access to this information,
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Jika Anda memiliki akses pada informasi ini
07:28
you can control your society.
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Anda dapat mengendalikan masyarakat Anda.
07:32
This is a blueprint for countries like China and Iran.
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Inilah cetak biru bagi negara seperti Cina dan Iran.
07:37
This is a blueprint how to survey your society,
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Inilah cetak biru cara mensurvei masyarakat Anda
07:41
because you know who talks to whom,
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karena Anda tahu siapa berbicara dengan siapa,
07:44
who sends whom an email, all this is possible
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siapa mengirim surat elektronik ke siapa, semua ini dimungkinkan
07:47
if you have access to this information.
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jika Anda memiliki akses ke informasi ini.
07:49
And this information is stored for at least six months
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Dan semua informasi ini disimpan setidaknya selama enam bulan
07:53
in Europe, up to two years.
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di Eropa, hingga dua tahun.
07:57
Like I said at the beginning,
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Seperti yang saya katakan di awal
07:59
imagine that all those people on the streets of Berlin
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bayangkan semua orang di jalanan kota Berlin
08:03
in autumn of 1989
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di musim gugur 1989
08:05
had a mobile phone in their pocket.
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memiliki ponsel dalam saku mereka.
08:08
And the Stasi would have known who took part at this protest,
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Dan Stasi akan tahu siapa yang ikut dalam demonstrasi ini,
08:12
and if the Stasi would have known
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dan jika Stasi tahu
08:14
who are the leaders behind it,
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siapa pemimpin di balik demonstrasi itu,
08:17
this may never have happened.
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hal ini tidak akan pernah terjadi.
08:20
The fall of the Berlin Wall would maybe not [have been] there.
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Kejatuhan Tembok Berlin mungkin tidak akan pernah terjadi.
08:23
And in the aftermath, also not the fall of the Iron Curtain.
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Dan juga kejatuhan Tirai Besi yang merupakan kelanjutan peristiwa itu.
08:27
Because today, state agencies and companies
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Karena saat ini, agen pemerintah dan perusahaan
08:32
want to store as much information as they can get about us,
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ingin menyimpan informasi tentang diri kita sebanyak mungkin,
08:36
online and offline.
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daring (online) maupun tidak (offline).
08:38
They want to have the possibility to track our lives,
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Mereka ingin dapat melacak hidup kita
08:42
and they want to store them for all time.
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dan mereka ingin menyimpannya setiap saat.
08:46
But self-determination and living in the digital age
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Namun kebebasan pribadi dan hidup di era digital
08:50
is no contradiction.
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seharusnya tidaklah bertentangan.
08:53
But you have to fight for your self-determination today.
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Namun Anda harus berjuang agar mendapat kebebasan pribadi.
08:58
You have to fight for it every day.
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Anda harus memperjuangkannya setiap hari.
09:02
So, when you go home,
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Jadi, saat Anda pulang,
09:05
tell your friends
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beri tahu teman-teman Anda
09:07
that privacy is a value of the 21st century,
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bahwa kebebasan pribadi adalah nilai dari abad ke-21
09:11
and it's not outdated.
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bukan hal yang ketinggalan jaman.
09:13
When you go home, tell your representative
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Saat Anda pulang, beri tahu perwakilan Anda
09:18
only because companies and state agencies have the possibility
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hanya karena perusahaan dan agensi negara mungkin
09:22
to store certain information, they don't have to do it.
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menyimpan informasi tertentu, mereka tidak harus melakukannya.
09:27
And if you don't believe me,
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Dan jika Anda tidak percaya
09:30
ask your phone company what information they store about you.
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tanyalah informasi apa yang dimiliki perusahaan telepon Anda tentang diri Anda.
09:37
So, in the future, every time you use your mobile phone,
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Jadi di masa depan, setiap kali Anda menggunakan ponsel Anda,
09:44
let it be a reminder to you
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biarkan hal itu mengingatkan Anda
09:47
that you have to fight for self-determination in the digital age.
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bahwa Anda harus berjuang untuk kebebasan pribadi dalam era digital.
09:51
Thank you.
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Terima kasih.
09:52
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Malte Spitz - Politician, data activistMalte Spitz asked his cell phone carrier what it knew about him -- and mapped what he found out.
Why you should listen
German Green Party politician Malte Spitz is an expert on digital change and privacy.
In 2009, Spitz went to court to obtain the information that his cell phone operator, Deutsche Telekom, gathered (and kept) about his activity. The results astonished him. Over the course of six months, they had tracked his geographical location and what he was doing with his phone more than 35,000 times. Working with the German online news site Zeit Online, an infographic was created that shows Spitz's activity across an interactive timeline, combined DT's geolocation data with information relating to his life as a politician, such as Twitter feeds, blog entries and website. By pushing the play button, viewers can set off on a detail-rich trip through six months of his life. And more, because he keeps asking the telecom company for his most recent data.
Spitz is the author of the book What Are You Doing with My Data? and has contributed to international publications, such as the New York Times and The Guardian. Spitz lives with his wife and two kids in Berlin.
Malte Spitz | Speaker | TED.com