ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bandi Mbubi - Social Justice Activist
Bandi Mbubi would like to make sure that you are using a fair trade cell phone.

Why you should listen

Bandi Mbubi grew up in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly Zaire, experiencing first hand the political unrest and oppression which have since worsened there. As a student activist, Bandi suffered persecution and fled the country, seeking political asylum in the U.K. But Mbubi has kept his home country on his radar, noting how the mining of tantalum -- a mineral used in cell phones and computers -- has fueled the ongoing war there in which 5 million have died.

While Mbubi sees the cell phone as an instrument of oppression for this reason, he knows that phones can also bring great freedom. And so he has formed CongoCalling.org, a campaign to inspire both the public and companies that make electronics to pay attention to how tantalum used in consumer electronics is mined and traded.

Mbubi is also the Director of the Manna Society, a center for the homeless in South London, and a Trustee of Church Action on Poverty.

 

More profile about the speaker
Bandi Mbubi | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxExeter

Bandi Mbubi: Demand a fair trade cell phone

Bandi Mbubi: Exija um comércio justo de celulares

Filmed:
621,348 views

Seu celular, computador ou videogame têm um passado sangrento - atado a mineração do tântalo, que financia a guerra na República Democrática do Congo. Falando de sua trajetória, o ativista e refugiado político Bandi Mbubi nos faz um vibrante chamado para a ação. (Filmado at TEDxExeter.)
- Social Justice Activist
Bandi Mbubi would like to make sure that you are using a fair trade cell phone. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:17
I want to talk to you today
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Quero lhes falar hoje
00:19
about a difficult topic that is close to me,
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sobre um assunto difícil que me é caro,
00:22
and closer than you might realize to you.
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mais caro do que vocês podem imaginar.
00:26
I came to the U.K. 21 years ago
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Vim para o Reino Unido há 21 anos
00:29
as an asylum-seeker.
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em busca de asilo.
00:32
I was 21.
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Tinha 21.
00:34
I was forced to leave the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
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Fui forçado a deixar a República Democrática do Congo,
00:38
my home, where I was a student activist.
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meu lar, onde eu era um ativista estudantil.
00:44
I would love my children to be able to meet my family
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Adoraria que meus filhos pudessem conhecer minha família
00:47
in the Congo.
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no Congo.
00:51
But I want to tell you what the Congo has got to do with you.
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Vou lhes dizer o que o Congo tem a ver com vocês.
00:56
But first of all, I want you to do me a favor.
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Mas antes, quero que me façam um favor.
01:00
Can you all please reach into your pockets
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Por favor, ponham as mãos nos bolsos
01:03
and take out your mobile phone?
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e peguem seus celulares.
01:09
Feel that familiar weight,
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Sintam esse peso familiar,
01:14
how naturally your finger slides towards the buttons.
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como é natural que seus dedos deslizem pelas teclas.
01:17
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
01:20
Can you imagine your world without it?
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Podem imaginar suas vidas sem isso?
01:22
It connects us to our loved ones,
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Ele nos conecta aos nossos entes queridos,
01:25
our family, friends and colleagues,
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nossos familiares, amigos, colegas,
01:28
at home and overseas.
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em casa e em qualquer lugar.
01:31
It is a symbol of an interconnected world.
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É o símbolo de um mundo interconectado.
01:35
But what you hold in your hand leaves a bloody trail,
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Mas o que têm nas mãos deixa uma trilha de sangue,
01:41
and it all boils down to a mineral:
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e tudo por causa de um mineral:
01:45
tantalum, mined in the Congo as coltan.
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tântalo, extraído no Congo como coltan.
01:50
It is an anticorrosive heat conductor.
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Isso é um condutor de calor anticorrosão.
01:53
It stores energy in our mobile phones,
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Ele guarda energia em nossos celulares,
01:57
Playstations and laptops.
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playstations e laptops.
02:00
It is used in aerospace and medical equipment
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É usado em equipamentos aeroespaciais e médicos
02:04
as alloys.
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como liga.
02:06
It is so powerful
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É tão poderoso
02:08
that we only need tiny amounts.
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que só precisamos de pequenas quantidades.
02:11
It would be great if the story ended there.
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Seria ótimo se a história parasse aqui.
02:15
Unfortunately, what you hold in your hand
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Infelizmente, o que seguram nas mãos
02:19
has not only enabled incredible technological development
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não apenas possibilitou um incrível desenvolvimento tecnológico
02:24
and industrial expansion,
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e uma expansão industrial,
02:28
but it has also contributed to unimaginable
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mas também contribuiu para
02:31
human suffering.
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um sofrimento humano inimaginável.
02:34
Since 1996, over five million people have died
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Desde 1996, mais de 5 milhões de pessoas morreram
02:39
in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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na República Democrática do Congo.
02:42
Countless women, men and children
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Incontáveis mulheres, homens e crianças
02:45
have been raped, tortured or enslaved.
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foram raptados, torturados ou escravizados.
02:50
Rape is used as a weapon of war,
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Estupro é usado como arma de guerra,
02:53
instilling fear
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instaurando o medo
02:56
and depopulating whole areas.
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e despovoando grandes áreas.
02:59
The quest for extracting this mineral
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A busca pela extração desse mineral
03:02
has not only aided, but it has fueled,
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não apenas auxiliou, como alimentou,
03:07
the ongoing war in the Congo.
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a guerra já em andamento no Congo.
03:13
But don't throw away your phones yet.
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Não joguem seus celulares fora, ainda.
03:15
Thirty thousand children are enlisted
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30 milhões de crianças estão alistadas
03:20
and are made to fight in armed groups.
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e são forçadas a lutar em grupos armados.
03:25
The Congo consistently scores dreadfully
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O Congo, persistentemente, tem pontuações horríveis
03:30
in global health and poverty rankings.
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nos rankings mundiais de saúde e pobreza.
03:34
But remarkably, the U.N. Environmental Programme
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Mas, notadamente, o programa ambiental da ONU
03:38
has estimated the wealth of the country
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estimou a riqueza do país em
03:41
to be over 24 trillion dollars.
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mais de 24 trilhões de dólares.
03:50
The state-regulated mining industry has collapsed,
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A indústria de mineração estatal colapsou
03:55
and control over mines
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e o controle das minas
03:57
has splintered.
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ficou difuso.
03:59
Coltan is easily controlled by armed groups.
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O coltan é facilmente controlado pelos grupos armados.
04:03
One well-known illicit trade route
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Uma rota de comércio ilícita bem conhecida
04:06
is that across the border to Rwanda,
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é aquela que cruza a fronteira de Ruanda,
04:09
where Congolese tantalum is disguised as Rwandan.
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onde o tântalo congolês é disfarçado de ruandês.
04:13
But don't throw away your phones yet,
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Não joguem seus celulares fora, ainda,
04:16
because the incredible irony is that
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porque a incrível ironia é que
04:19
the technology that has placed such unsustainable,
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a tecnologia que causou tal insustentável
04:23
devastating demands on the Congo
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e devastadora demanda no Congo
04:25
is the same technology
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é a mesma tecnologia
04:28
that has brought this situation to our attention.
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que nos fez ver essa situação.
04:32
We only know so much about the situation in the Congo
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Só sabemos tanto sobre a situação no Congo
04:36
and in the mines
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e nas minas
04:37
because of the kind of communication
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por causa do tipo de comunicação
04:39
the mobile phone allows.
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possibilitada pelos celulares.
04:44
As with the Arab Spring,
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Como na Primavera Árabe,
04:46
during the recent elections in the Congo,
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durante as recentes eleições no Congo,
04:49
voters were able to send text messages
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eleitores foram capazes de mandar mensagens de texto
04:53
of local polling stations to the headquarters
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do local das eleições para o quartel general
04:56
in the capital, Kinshasa,
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na capital, Kinshasa,
05:00
and in the wake of the result,
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e no início do resultado,
05:05
the diaspora has joined with the Carter Center,
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a diáspora se uniu à Central Carter,
05:09
the Catholic Church and other observers
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à Igreja Católica e a outros observadores
05:12
to draw attention to the undemocratic result.
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para chamar atenção ao resultado antidemocrático.
05:17
The mobile phone has given people around the world
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O celular deu as pessoas, mundo a fora,
05:22
an important tool towards gaining their political freedom.
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uma ferramenta importante na direção da liberdade política.
05:28
It has truly revolutionized the way
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Ele, verdadeiramente, revolucionou a forma
05:31
we communicate on the planet.
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como nos comunicamos no planeta.
05:34
It has allowed momentous political change
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Ele possibilitou que mudanças políticas pontuais
05:37
to take place.
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acontecessem.
05:40
So
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Então
05:41
we are faced with a paradox.
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estamos diante de um paradoxo.
05:46
The mobile phone is an instrument of freedom
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O celular como instrumento da liberdade
05:50
and an instrument of oppression.
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e um instrumento da opressão.
05:55
TED has always
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O TED sempre celebra
05:58
celebrated what technology can do for us,
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o que a tecnologia pode fazer por nós,
06:02
technology in its finished form.
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tecnologia em sua forma acabada.
06:04
It is time
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Já é hora
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to be asking questions about technology.
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de questionarmos a tecnologia.
06:10
Where does it come from?
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De onde vem?
06:12
Who makes it?
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Quem faz?
06:15
And for what?
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e pra quê?
06:18
Here I am speaking directly to you,
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Aqui estou falando diretamente a vocês,
06:21
the TED community,
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a comunidade TED,
06:23
and to all those who might be watching on a screen,
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e a todos que possam estar assistindo na tela,
06:27
on your phone, across the world,
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no celular, mundo a fora,
06:30
in the Congo.
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no Congo.
06:33
All the technology is in place for us to communicate,
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Toda tecnologia está colocada para nossa comunicação,
06:37
and all the technology is in place to communicate this.
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e toda tecnologia está posta para comunicar isso.
06:43
At the moment,
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No momento,
06:46
there is no clear fair trade solution,
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não há solução justa e clara,
06:51
but there has been a huge amount of progress.
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mas houve muito progresso.
06:54
The U.S. has recently passed legislation
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Os EUA aprovaram uma lei, recentemente,
06:57
to target bribery and misconduct in the Congo.
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com foco no suborno e na má administração no Congo.
07:02
Recent U.K. legislation could be used in the same way.
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Uma lei recente do Reino Unido poderia ser usada no mesmo sentido.
07:07
In February, Nokia unveiled its new policy
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Em Fevereiro, a Nokia revelou sua nova política
07:11
on sourcing minerals in the Congo,
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sobre o abastecimento mineral do Congo,
07:13
and there is a petition to Apple
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e há uma petição à Apple
07:16
to make a conflict-free iPhone.
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para fazer um iPhone livre de conflitos.
07:21
There are campaigns
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Há campanhas
07:23
spreading across university campuses
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se espalhando pelos campi universitários
07:26
to make their colleges conflict-free.
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para que suas universidades sejam livres de conflito.
07:29
But we're not there yet.
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Mas ainda não chegamos lá.
07:32
We need to continue mounting pressure
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Precisamos continuar colocando pressão
07:35
on phone companies
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nas empresas de celular
07:38
to change their sourcing processes.
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para mudar seu processo de abastecimento.
07:42
When I first came to the U.K. 21 years ago,
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Quando cheguei no Reino Unido há 21 anos,
07:46
I was homesick.
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eu tinha saudade de casa.
07:48
I missed my family and the friends I left behind.
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Sentia falta dos familiares e amigos que deixei pra trás.
07:53
Communication was extremely difficult.
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A comunicação era muito difícil.
07:57
Sending and receiving letters took months,
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Mandar e receber cartas levava meses,
08:01
if you were lucky. Often they never arrived.
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se tivesse sorte. Geralmente elas nunca chegavam.
08:05
Even if I could have afforded
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Mesmo que conseguisse pagar
08:08
the phone bills home,
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as contas de telefone,
08:11
like most people in the Congo,
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como a maioria das pessoas no Congo,
08:13
my parents did not own a phone line.
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meus pais não tinham uma linha telefônica,
08:17
Today, my two sons
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Hoje, meus dois filhos
08:23
David and Daniel
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David e Daniel
08:26
can talk to my parents and get to know them.
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podem falar com meus familiares e os conhecer.
08:33
Why should we allow
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Porque permitiríamos que
08:36
such a wonderful, brilliant and necessary product
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tal maravilhoso, brilhante e necessário produto
08:43
to be the cause of unnecessary suffering
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fosse a causa de um sofrimento desnecessário
08:46
for human beings?
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para os seres humanos?
08:50
We demand fair trade food
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Exigimos comércio de comida
08:53
and fair trade clothes.
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e roupas que seja justo.
08:55
It is time to demand fair trade phones.
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É hora de exigirmos comércio justo de celulares.
08:59
This is an idea worth spreading. Thank you.
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Essa é uma ideia que vale a pena semear. Obrigado.
09:04
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
Translated by Mariangela Andrade
Reviewed by Viviane Ferraz Matos

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bandi Mbubi - Social Justice Activist
Bandi Mbubi would like to make sure that you are using a fair trade cell phone.

Why you should listen

Bandi Mbubi grew up in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly Zaire, experiencing first hand the political unrest and oppression which have since worsened there. As a student activist, Bandi suffered persecution and fled the country, seeking political asylum in the U.K. But Mbubi has kept his home country on his radar, noting how the mining of tantalum -- a mineral used in cell phones and computers -- has fueled the ongoing war there in which 5 million have died.

While Mbubi sees the cell phone as an instrument of oppression for this reason, he knows that phones can also bring great freedom. And so he has formed CongoCalling.org, a campaign to inspire both the public and companies that make electronics to pay attention to how tantalum used in consumer electronics is mined and traded.

Mbubi is also the Director of the Manna Society, a center for the homeless in South London, and a Trustee of Church Action on Poverty.

 

More profile about the speaker
Bandi Mbubi | Speaker | TED.com

Data provided by TED.

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