TED2013
ShaoLan: Learn to read Chinese ... with ease!
Šaolan Hsue (ShaoLan Hsueh): Naučite da čitate kineski... s lakoćom!
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4,781,742 views
Učenje kineskog je veoma težak zadatak za strance. Ali možda će im biti lakše da nauče predivne i često složene simbole kineskog pisanog jezika. Šaolan nas sprovodi kroz jednostavnu lekciju o prepoznavanju ideja iza simbola i njihovog značenja - krećući od nekoliko jednostavnih oblika do složenijih ideja. Nazovite to prelakineskim.
ShaoLan Hsueh - Technologist, entrepreneur
ShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West. Full bio
ShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Growing up in Taiwan
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Odrastajući u Tajvanu
00:14
as the daughter of a calligrapher,
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kao ćerka kaligrafa,
00:16
one of my most treasured memories
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jedno od mojih najdražih sećanja
00:18
was my mother showing me the beauty, the shape
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je kada mi je majka pokazivala
lepotu, oblik
lepotu, oblik
00:21
and the form of Chinese characters.
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i formu kineskih slova.
00:24
Ever since then, I was fascinated
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Od tog trenutka sam fascinirana
00:27
by this incredible language.
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ovim neverovatnim jezikom.
00:29
But to an outsider, it seems to be
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Ali za nekog sa strane, on se čini
00:32
as impenetrable as the Great Wall of China.
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neprobojnim poput Kineskog zida.
00:35
Over the past few years, I've been wondering
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Poslednjih nekoliko godina pitala sam se
00:38
if I can break down this wall,
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da li bih mogla da srušim ovaj zid,
00:40
so anyone who wants to understand and appreciate
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tako da bilo ko ko želi
da razume ovaj jezik
da razume ovaj jezik
00:42
the beauty of this sophisticated language could do so.
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i ceni njegovu lepotu,
to može i da uradi.
to može i da uradi.
00:46
I started thinking about how a new, fast method
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Počela sam da mislim o tome
kako bi novi, brži metod
kako bi novi, brži metod
00:51
of learning Chinese might be useful.
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učenja kineskog mogao da bude koristan.
00:54
Since the age of five, I started to learn how to draw
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Od pete godine sam počela da učim
00:58
every single stroke for each character
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kako da crtam svaki potez za svaki simbol
01:01
in the correct sequence.
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u tačnom nizu.
01:03
I learned new characters every day
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Svakog dana sam učila nove simbole
01:05
during the course of the next 15 years.
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tokom sledećih 15 godina.
01:08
Since we only have five minutes,
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Pošto imamo samo pet minuta,
01:10
it's better that we have a fast and simpler way.
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bolje je da imamo brži
i jednostavniji način.
i jednostavniji način.
01:14
A Chinese scholar would understand 20,000 characters.
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Kineski učenjak bi razumeo 20 000 simbola.
01:17
You only need 1,000 to understand the basic literacy.
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Za osnovnu pismenost vam je potrebno
da razumete samo 1000.
da razumete samo 1000.
01:22
The top 200 will allow you to comprehend
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Najčešćih 200 će vam omogućiti da razumete
01:26
40 percent of basic literature --
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40% osnovne literature -
01:29
enough to read road signs, restaurant menus,
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dovoljno da čitate saobraćajne znake,
menije u restoranima,
menije u restoranima,
01:32
to understand the basic idea of the web pages
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da razumete osnovnu ideju internet strana
01:35
or the newspapers.
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ili novina.
01:37
Today I'm going to start with eight
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Danas ću početi sa osam
01:39
to show you how the method works.
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da vam pokažem kako metod funkcioniše.
01:41
You are ready?
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Da li ste spremni?
01:43
Open your mouth as wide as possible
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Otvorite usta što šire možete
01:46
until it's square.
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dok nisu oblika kvadrata.
01:48
You get a mouth.
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Dobijate usta.
01:50
This is a person going for a walk.
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Ovo je osoba koja ide u šetnju.
01:53
Person.
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Osoba.
01:57
If the shape of the fire is a person
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Ako je oblik vatre osoba
01:59
with two arms on both sides,
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sa dve ruke na svakoj strani,
02:02
as if she was yelling frantically,
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kao da izbezubljeno viče:
02:04
"Help! I'm on fire!" --
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"Upomoć! Zapalila sam se!" -
02:07
This symbol actually is originally from the shape of the flame,
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Ovaj simbol zapravo potiče
od oblika plamena,
od oblika plamena,
02:11
but I like to think that way. Whichever works for you.
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ali ja volim da mislim ovako.
Šta god funkcioniše za vas.
Šta god funkcioniše za vas.
02:15
This is a tree.
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Ovo je drvo.
02:18
Tree.
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Drvo.
02:20
This is a mountain.
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Ovo je planina.
02:24
The sun.
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Sunce.
02:29
The moon.
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Mesec.
02:34
The symbol of the door
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Simbol vrata
02:36
looks like a pair of saloon doors in the wild west.
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izgleda kao salonska vrata
na divljem Zapadu.
na divljem Zapadu.
02:41
I call these eight characters radicals.
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Ovih osam simbola zovem radikalima.
02:45
They are the building blocks
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Oni su gradivni materijali
02:47
for you to create lots more characters.
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za stvaranje puno drugih simbola.
02:51
A person.
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Osoba.
02:53
If someone walks behind, that is "to follow."
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Ako neko hoda iza nje, to je "pratiti."
02:57
As the old saying goes,
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Kako kaže stara izreka,
02:59
two is company, three is a crowd.
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dvoje je društvo, troje je gužva.
03:03
If a person stretched their arms wide,
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Ako osoba široko ispruži ruke,
03:06
this person is saying, "It was this big."
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onda govori: "Bilo je ovako veliko."
03:10
The person inside the mouth, the person is trapped.
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Osoba unutar usta je zarobljena.
03:14
He's a prisoner, just like Jonah inside the whale.
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On je zatvorenik, kao Džona u utrobi kita.
03:20
One tree is a tree. Two trees together, we have the woods.
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Jedno drvo je drvo.
Sa dva drveta imamo šumarak.
Sa dva drveta imamo šumarak.
03:24
Three trees together, we create the forest.
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Sa tri drveta imamo šumu.
03:27
Put a plank underneath the tree, we have the foundation.
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Stavite dasku pod drvo i imamo temelj.
03:31
Put a mouth on the top of the tree, that's "idiot." (Laughter)
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Stavite usta na vrh drveta, to je "idiot".
(Smeh)
(Smeh)
03:35
Easy to remember,
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Lako je za zapamtiti,
03:37
since a talking tree is pretty idiotic.
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jer je drvo koje priča prilično idiotska ideja.
03:42
Remember fire?
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Sećate se vatre?
03:44
Two fires together, I get really hot.
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Dve vatre i postaje jako vruće.
03:47
Three fires together, that's a lot of flames.
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Tri vatre znače puno plamena.
03:50
Set the fire underneath the two trees, it's burning.
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Stavite vatru pod dva drveta i goreće.
03:54
For us, the sun is the source of prosperity.
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Za nas je sunce izvor napretka.
03:58
Two suns together, prosperous.
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Dva sunca znače napredno.
04:00
Three together, that's sparkles.
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Tri sunca znače blistavost.
04:02
Put the sun and the moon shining together,
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Stavite zajedno sunce i mesec koji sijaju,
04:04
it's brightness.
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i dobijate svetlost.
04:05
It also means tomorrow, after a day and a night.
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To takođe znači sutra, nakon dana i noći.
04:10
The sun is coming up above the horizon. Sunrise.
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Sunce se diže nad horizontom.
Izlazak sunca.
Izlazak sunca.
04:14
A door. Put a plank inside the door,
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Vrata. Stavite dasku unutar vrata,
04:17
it's a door bolt.
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i to je brava.
04:19
Put a mouth inside the door, asking questions.
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Unutar vrata stavite usta
koja postavljaju pitanja.
koja postavljaju pitanja.
04:22
Knock knock. Is anyone home?
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Kuc-kuc. Ima li koga?
04:26
This person is sneaking out of a door,
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Ova osoba se šunja napolje,
04:28
escaping, evading.
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beži, izbegava nešto.
04:31
On the left, we have a woman.
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Na levoj strani imamo ženu.
04:33
Two women together, they have an argument.
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Dve žene zajedno se svađaju.
04:36
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:38
Three women together, be careful, it's adultery.
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Tri žene zajedno, budite pažljivi,
to je preljuba.
to je preljuba.
04:44
So we have gone through almost 30 characters.
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Prošli smo kroz skoro 30 simbola.
04:48
By using this method, the first eight radicals
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Koristeći ovaj metod,
prvih osam radikala
prvih osam radikala
04:51
will allow you to build 32.
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će vam dozvoliti da napravite 32 simbola.
04:53
The next group of eight characters
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Sledeća grupa od osam simbola
04:55
will build an extra 32.
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će napraviti još 32 druga.
04:57
So with very little effort,
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Sa veoma malo truda,
04:59
you will be able to learn a couple hundred characters,
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moći ćete da naučite
nekoliko stotina simbola,
nekoliko stotina simbola,
05:02
which is the same as a Chinese eight-year-old.
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koliko i osmogodišnje kinesko dete.
05:04
So after we know the characters, we start building phrases.
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Nakon što naučimo simbole,
krećemo da pravimo fraze.
krećemo da pravimo fraze.
05:08
For example, the mountain and the fire together,
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Na primer, planina i vatra zajedno daju
05:10
we have fire mountain. It's a volcano.
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plamenu planinu.
To je vulkan.
To je vulkan.
05:13
We know Japan is the land of the rising sun.
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Znamo da je Japan zemlja izlazećeg sunca.
05:17
This is a sun placed with the origin,
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Ovo je sunce pored svog porekla,
05:20
because Japan lies to the east of China.
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jer je Japan istočno od Kine.
05:23
So a sun, origin together, we build Japan.
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Sunce i poreklo zajedno daju Japan.
05:27
A person behind Japan, what do we get?
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Šta dobijamo kada se iza Japana nalazi osoba?
05:30
A Japanese person.
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Japanca ili Japanku.
05:33
The character on the left is two mountains
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Simbol s leva su dve planine,
05:36
stacked on top of each other.
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jedna povrh druge.
05:38
In ancient China, that means in exile,
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U drevnoj Kini, to znači "prognan",
05:41
because Chinese emperors, they put their political enemies
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jer su kineski carevi
svoje političke protivnike
svoje političke protivnike
05:44
in exile beyond mountains.
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progonili iza planina.
05:46
Nowadays, exile has turned into getting out.
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U skorije vreme,
izgnanstvo je postalo izlaženje.
izgnanstvo je postalo izlaženje.
05:51
A mouth which tells you where to get out
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Usta koja vam govore kuda da izađete
05:54
is an exit.
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označavaju izlaz.
05:56
This is a slide to remind me that I should stop talking
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Ovo je slajd koji me podseća
da treba da prestanem da pričam
da treba da prestanem da pričam
05:59
and get off of the stage. Thank you.
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i sklonim se sa bine.
Hvala vam.
Hvala vam.
06:01
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
ShaoLan Hsueh - Technologist, entrepreneurShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West.
Why you should listen
ShaoLan is an entrepreneur, angel investor, geek, writer, traveller and dreamer. She is the founder and creator of Chineasy, which she launched after her TED Talk in Long Beach, California in 2013.
In just over three years, she has built Chineasy into one of the most popular methods of learning Chinese across the Internet with several hundred thousand fellow learners. Her first book, Chineasy, The New Way to Read Chinese, was launched in March 2014 and has been translated into 18 languages. Her next book, Chineasy Everyday, was launched in March 2016.
ShaoLan is a tech entrepreneur with extensive business experience. At the age of 22, while studying for her MBA, she wrote four best-selling books on software in Taiwan, and her books were bundled by Microsoft. She co-founded pAsia, one of the major players on Internet in Asia in 1990’s. After a second masters degree at the University of Cambridge, she began Caravel Capital in 2005 to advise young tech companies.
Chineasy represents a return for ShaoLan to her artistic upbringing and in many ways a design project. This project is the culmination of her life’s journey through the East and West. Her aim is to help people to understand China, Chinese culture, its language and to bridge the gap between East and West. Her next step is to help Chinese children to enjoy and appreciate the beauty of their own language.
ShaoLan Hsueh | Speaker | TED.com