TED2013
ShaoLan: Learn to read Chinese ... with ease!
ShaoLan Hsueh: Naučimo se brati kitajsko ... na enostaven način!
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4,781,742 views
Tujcem se ni enostavno naučiti govoriti kitajsko. Manj težavno pa zna biti učenje branja prelepih in mnogokrat zapletenih pismenk kitajskega jezika. ShaoLan nam preko preproste lekcije prikaže ozadja in pomene pismenk -- od preprostih oblik, pa do bolj zapletenih pojmov. Temu lahko rečemo preprosta kitajščina (Chineasy).
ShaoLan Hsueh - Technologist, entrepreneur
ShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West. Full bio
ShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Growing up in Taiwan
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Odraščala sem na Tajvanu
00:14
as the daughter of a calligrapher,
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kot hči kaligrafa
00:16
one of my most treasured memories
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in eden mojih najljubših spominov je bil,
00:18
was my mother showing me the beauty, the shape
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ko mi je mati kazala lepoto
00:21
and the form of Chinese characters.
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in obliko kitajskih pismenk.
00:24
Ever since then, I was fascinated
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Od tedaj naprej
00:27
by this incredible language.
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obožujem ta neverjetni jezik.
00:29
But to an outsider, it seems to be
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A tujcu se zdi
00:32
as impenetrable as the Great Wall of China.
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tako nepremostljiv kot Veliki kitajski zid.
00:35
Over the past few years, I've been wondering
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Zadnjih nekaj let sem se spraševala,
00:38
if I can break down this wall,
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ali lahko ta zid podrem,
00:40
so anyone who wants to understand and appreciate
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da bo lahko vsakdo razumel in občudoval
00:42
the beauty of this sophisticated language could do so.
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lepoto tega prefinjenega jezika.
00:46
I started thinking about how a new, fast method
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Začela sem razmišljati o uporabnosti
00:51
of learning Chinese might be useful.
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nove, hitre metode učenja kitajščine.
00:54
Since the age of five, I started to learn how to draw
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Od petega leta naprej sem se učila risati
00:58
every single stroke for each character
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vsako potezo vsake pismenke
01:01
in the correct sequence.
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v pravilnem zaporedju.
01:03
I learned new characters every day
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V zadnjih 15 letih
01:05
during the course of the next 15 years.
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sem se vsak dan učila novih pismenk.
01:08
Since we only have five minutes,
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Ker pa imamo samo pet minut,
01:10
it's better that we have a fast and simpler way.
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bo potreben hiter in enostaven način.
01:14
A Chinese scholar would understand 20,000 characters.
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Kitajski strokovnjak razume 20.000 pismenk.
01:17
You only need 1,000 to understand the basic literacy.
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A za osnovno pismenost
jih potrebujemo le 1.000.
jih potrebujemo le 1.000.
01:22
The top 200 will allow you to comprehend
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Če poznate 200 najbolj pogostih,
lahko razumete
lahko razumete
01:26
40 percent of basic literature --
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40 odstotkov osnovne literature.
01:29
enough to read road signs, restaurant menus,
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To je dovolj za branje napisov, menijev
01:32
to understand the basic idea of the web pages
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in razumevanje osnovnih pomenov
01:35
or the newspapers.
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spletnih strani ali časopisov.
01:37
Today I'm going to start with eight
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Danes bom začela z osmimi,
01:39
to show you how the method works.
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da vam predstavim, kako metoda deluje.
01:41
You are ready?
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Ste pripravljeni?
01:43
Open your mouth as wide as possible
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Odprite usta kolikor gre,
01:46
until it's square.
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da tvorijo kvadrat.
01:48
You get a mouth.
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To so usta.
01:50
This is a person going for a walk.
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To je človek, ki se sprehaja.
01:53
Person.
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Človek.
01:57
If the shape of the fire is a person
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Obliko ognja lahko vidimo kot človeka
01:59
with two arms on both sides,
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z roko na vsaki strani.
02:02
as if she was yelling frantically,
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Videti je, kot da kriči:
02:04
"Help! I'm on fire!" --
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"Na pomoč! Gorim!"
02:07
This symbol actually is originally from the shape of the flame,
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Pismenka izvira iz oblike plamena,
02:11
but I like to think that way. Whichever works for you.
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a rada jo vidim na tak način.
Kakor vam ustreza.
Kakor vam ustreza.
02:15
This is a tree.
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To je drevo.
02:18
Tree.
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Drevo.
02:20
This is a mountain.
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To je gora.
02:24
The sun.
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Sonce.
02:29
The moon.
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Luna.
02:34
The symbol of the door
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Pismenka za vrata je videti
02:36
looks like a pair of saloon doors in the wild west.
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kot par saloonskih vrat z Divjega zahoda.
02:41
I call these eight characters radicals.
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Tem osmim pismenkam pravim radikali.
02:45
They are the building blocks
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S sestavljanjem
02:47
for you to create lots more characters.
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lahko iz njih ustvarimo nove pismenke.
02:51
A person.
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Človek.
02:53
If someone walks behind, that is "to follow."
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Če kdo hodi zadaj, je pomen "slediti."
02:57
As the old saying goes,
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Stari rek pravi,
02:59
two is company, three is a crowd.
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dva sta družba, trije pa gneča.
03:03
If a person stretched their arms wide,
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Če človek razširi svoje roke,
03:06
this person is saying, "It was this big."
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hoče povedati: "Bila je tako velika."
03:10
The person inside the mouth, the person is trapped.
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Če je človek v ustih, je ujet.
03:14
He's a prisoner, just like Jonah inside the whale.
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Zapornik je, kot Jon v kitu.
03:20
One tree is a tree. Two trees together, we have the woods.
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Eno drevo je drevo, dve skupaj sta gozdiček,
03:24
Three trees together, we create the forest.
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tri skupaj pa gozd.
03:27
Put a plank underneath the tree, we have the foundation.
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Če pod drevo položimo desko, dobimo osnovo.
03:31
Put a mouth on the top of the tree, that's "idiot." (Laughter)
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Usta nad drevesom pomenijo "bedak." (Smeh)
03:35
Easy to remember,
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To si lahko hitro zapomnite,
03:37
since a talking tree is pretty idiotic.
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saj je govoreče drevo precej bedasto.
03:42
Remember fire?
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Se spomnite ognja?
03:44
Two fires together, I get really hot.
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Če sta dva ognja skupaj, postane vroče.
03:47
Three fires together, that's a lot of flames.
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Trije skupaj in dobimo veliko plamenov.
03:50
Set the fire underneath the two trees, it's burning.
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Če ogenj postavimo pod dve drevesi, gori.
03:54
For us, the sun is the source of prosperity.
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Za nas je sonce vir blaginje.
03:58
Two suns together, prosperous.
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Dve sonci skupaj, uspešen.
04:00
Three together, that's sparkles.
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Tri skupaj in dobimo iskre.
04:02
Put the sun and the moon shining together,
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Če skupaj postavimo sonce in luno,
04:04
it's brightness.
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je to svetlost.
04:05
It also means tomorrow, after a day and a night.
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Pomeni tudi "jutri." Po enem dnevu in noči.
04:10
The sun is coming up above the horizon. Sunrise.
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Sonce vzhaja na obzorju. Sončni vzhod.
04:14
A door. Put a plank inside the door,
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Vrata. Če med vrata postavimo desko,
04:17
it's a door bolt.
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je to zapah.
04:19
Put a mouth inside the door, asking questions.
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Usta med vrati pomenijo "spraševati."
04:22
Knock knock. Is anyone home?
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Tok, tok. Je kdo doma?
04:26
This person is sneaking out of a door,
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Ta človek se tihotapi skozi vrata.
04:28
escaping, evading.
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Pobegniti, izogniti se.
04:31
On the left, we have a woman.
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Na levi imamo žensko.
04:33
Two women together, they have an argument.
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Če sta dve ženski skupaj, se prepirata.
04:36
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:38
Three women together, be careful, it's adultery.
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Tri ženske skupaj, pazite, to je prešuštvo.
04:44
So we have gone through almost 30 characters.
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Predelali smo skoraj 30 pismenk.
04:48
By using this method, the first eight radicals
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S to metodo lahko iz prvih osmih radikalov
04:51
will allow you to build 32.
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sestavite 32 pismenk.
04:53
The next group of eight characters
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Iz naslednjih osem
04:55
will build an extra 32.
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jih lahko sestavite še 32 več.
04:57
So with very little effort,
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Z ne preveč truda
04:59
you will be able to learn a couple hundred characters,
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se lahko naučite nekaj sto pismenk,
05:02
which is the same as a Chinese eight-year-old.
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kolikor jih zna tudi kitajski 8-letnik.
05:04
So after we know the characters, we start building phrases.
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Ko spoznamo pismenke,
začnemo graditi besedne zveze.
začnemo graditi besedne zveze.
05:08
For example, the mountain and the fire together,
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Na primer, če sta skupaj gora in ogenj,
05:10
we have fire mountain. It's a volcano.
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je to ognjena gora. Vulkan.
05:13
We know Japan is the land of the rising sun.
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Japonska je dežela vzhajajočega sonca.
05:17
This is a sun placed with the origin,
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Tukaj smo povezali sonce in izvor,
05:20
because Japan lies to the east of China.
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ker Japonska leži vzhodno od Kitajske.
05:23
So a sun, origin together, we build Japan.
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Sonce in izvor skupaj, dobimo Japonsko.
05:27
A person behind Japan, what do we get?
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Kaj dobimo, če na koncu dodamo še človeka?
05:30
A Japanese person.
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Japonca ali Japonko.
05:33
The character on the left is two mountains
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Leva pismenka sta dve gori,
05:36
stacked on top of each other.
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druga na drugi.
05:38
In ancient China, that means in exile,
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V starodavni Kitajski je to pomenilo "izgon,"
05:41
because Chinese emperors, they put their political enemies
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ker so kitajski cesarji politične nasprotnike
05:44
in exile beyond mountains.
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izgnali preko gora.
05:46
Nowadays, exile has turned into getting out.
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Zdaj to pomeni "iti ven."
05:51
A mouth which tells you where to get out
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Usta, ki ti povedo, kje lahko greš ven,
05:54
is an exit.
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pomenijo "izhod."
05:56
This is a slide to remind me that I should stop talking
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Ta diapozitiv me opomni,
da naj neham govoriti
da naj neham govoriti
05:59
and get off of the stage. Thank you.
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in odidem z odra. Hvala.
06:01
(Applause)
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(Aplavz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
ShaoLan Hsueh - Technologist, entrepreneurShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West.
Why you should listen
ShaoLan is an entrepreneur, angel investor, geek, writer, traveller and dreamer. She is the founder and creator of Chineasy, which she launched after her TED Talk in Long Beach, California in 2013.
In just over three years, she has built Chineasy into one of the most popular methods of learning Chinese across the Internet with several hundred thousand fellow learners. Her first book, Chineasy, The New Way to Read Chinese, was launched in March 2014 and has been translated into 18 languages. Her next book, Chineasy Everyday, was launched in March 2016.
ShaoLan is a tech entrepreneur with extensive business experience. At the age of 22, while studying for her MBA, she wrote four best-selling books on software in Taiwan, and her books were bundled by Microsoft. She co-founded pAsia, one of the major players on Internet in Asia in 1990’s. After a second masters degree at the University of Cambridge, she began Caravel Capital in 2005 to advise young tech companies.
Chineasy represents a return for ShaoLan to her artistic upbringing and in many ways a design project. This project is the culmination of her life’s journey through the East and West. Her aim is to help people to understand China, Chinese culture, its language and to bridge the gap between East and West. Her next step is to help Chinese children to enjoy and appreciate the beauty of their own language.
ShaoLan Hsueh | Speaker | TED.com