TEDGlobal 2012
Bahia Shehab: A thousand times no
Bahia Shehab：一千个不
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艺术历史学家Bahia Shehab对阿拉伯语中”不“的不同表达形式十分感兴趣。在2011年扫荡埃及的革命中，她在街道上喷洒标语和图像以反抗对独裁者，军国主义和暴力行为。
Bahia Shehab - Artist and historian
TED Fellow Bahia Shehab sends an important message through her street art in Cairo: “You can crush the flowers, but you can’t delay spring." Full bio
TED Fellow Bahia Shehab sends an important message through her street art in Cairo: “You can crush the flowers, but you can’t delay spring." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
Two years ago, I was invited as an artist
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两年以前，作为一位艺术家
00:19
to participate in an exhibition commemorating
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我被邀请参加一个纪念伊斯兰艺术在欧洲
00:22
100 years of Islamic art in Europe.
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100周年的展览。
00:24
The curator had only one condition:
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馆长只提出了一个条件：
00:27
I had to use the Arabic script for my artwork.
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我必须用阿拉伯语做作品的脚本。
00:30
Now, as an artist, a woman, an Arab,
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现在，作为一位艺术家，一个女人，一个阿拉伯人，
00:33
or a human being living in the world in 2010,
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或者一个生活在2010年的人，
00:37
I only had one thing to say:
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我只想说一件事：
00:40
I wanted to say no.
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我想说不。
00:43
And in Arabic, to say "no," we say "no,
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在阿拉伯语里，要说”不“，我们会说”不，
00:45
and a thousand times no."
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和一千个不。“
00:47
So I decided to look for a thousand different noes.
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所以我决定在所有伊斯兰或者阿拉伯
00:51
on everything ever produced
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在过去的1400年里生产的东西里面
00:53
under Islamic or Arab patronage in the past 1,400 years,
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找到一千个不同的不，
00:58
from Spain to the borders of China.
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始于西班牙，止于中国边境。
01:02
I collected my findings in a book,
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我把我的工作成果收集到一本书里，
01:04
placed them chronologically, stating the name,
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按着时间排序，标上名字，
01:07
the patron, the medium and the date.
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作者，材质，和日期。
01:10
Now, the book sat on a small shelf next to the installation,
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现在，这本书放在装置旁边的一个小架子上，
01:14
which stood three by seven meters, in Munich, Germany,
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3米乘7米，在德国慕尼黑，
01:17
in September of 2010.
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2010年9月。
01:21
Now, in January, 2011, the revolution started,
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现在，2011年1月，革命开始了，
01:27
and life stopped for 18 days,
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生活停滞了18天，
01:30
and on the 12th of February,
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在2月12日，
01:31
we naively celebrated on the streets of Cairo,
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我们在开罗的大街上天真地庆祝，
01:34
believing that the revolution had succeeded.
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以为革命已经成功了。
01:38
Nine months later I found myself spraying messages
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9个月以后我在解放广场上喷通知。
01:42
in Tahrir Square. The reason for this act
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这样做的原因是
01:46
was this image that I saw in my newsfeed.
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我在自己的新鲜事里看到的这个图片。
01:50
I did not feel that I could live in a city
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我觉得在一个
01:53
where people were being killed
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人们被杀然后被像垃圾一样扔到街上
01:55
and thrown like garbage on the street.
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的城市里我活不下去。
01:58
So I took one "no" off a tombstone from
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所以我把开罗伊斯兰博物馆里一个墓碑上的“不”拿了下来，
02:00
the Islamic Museum in Cairo, and I added a message to it:
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然后加了一句话：
02:03
"no to military rule."
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”对军事统治说不。“
02:05
And I started spraying that on the streets in Cairo.
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然后我开始把它喷在开罗的大街上。
02:08
But that led to a series of no, coming out of the book
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但是它引发了一系列的不，像弹药一样
02:11
like ammunition, and adding messages to them,
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从书里出来，然后我给他们加一些话，
02:14
and I started spraying them on the walls.
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再喷到墙上。
02:17
So I'll be sharing some of these noes with you.
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所以我会和你们分享其中的一些不。
02:19
No to a new Pharaoh, because whoever comes next
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“对新的法老说不“，因为不管是谁来
02:22
should understand that we will never be ruled by another dictator.
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都应该明白我们绝不会再屈服于一个独裁者的统治了。
02:26
No to violence: Ramy Essam came to Tahrir
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"对暴力说不"，Ramy Essam在革命的第二天
02:30
on the second day of the revolution,
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来到解放广场，
02:32
and he sat there with this guitar, singing.
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然后他坐在那弹吉他唱歌。
02:35
One month after Mubarak stepped down, this was his reward.
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穆巴拉克下台之后的一个月，这就是他的奖励。
02:39
No to blinding heroes. Ahmed Harara lost his right eye
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"对英雄致盲说不"，Ahmed Harara在1月28日
02:45
on the 28th of January,
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失去了他的右眼，
02:46
and he lost his left eye on the 19th of November,
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然后他在11月19日失去了他的左眼，
02:50
by two different snipers.
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被两个不同的狙击兵袭击。
02:53
No to killing, in this case no to killing men of religion,
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”对残杀说不“，在这个情况里对杀害宗教人士说不，
02:56
because Sheikh Ahmed Adina Refaat was shot
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因为Sheikh Ahmed Adina Refaat在12月16日
03:00
on December 16th, during a demonstration,
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的一个示威中被枪杀，
03:03
leaving behind three orphans and a widow.
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留下三个孤儿和一个寡妇。
03:07
No to burning books. The Institute of Egypt was burned
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”对焚书说不“，埃及学院在12月17日
03:10
on December 17th, a huge cultural loss.
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被烧，这是一个巨大的文化损失。
03:14
No to stripping the people,
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”对非礼人民说不“，
03:17
and the blue bra is to remind us of our shame
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这个蓝色的胸罩提醒着我们作为一个国家的耻辱，
03:20
as a nation when we allow a veiled woman to be stripped
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一个戴面纱的妇女被脱了衣服
03:24
and beaten on the street, and the footprint reads,
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在街上殴打。这个足迹说，
03:28
"Long live a peaceful revolution,"
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“和平革命万岁，”
03:30
because we will never retaliate with violence.
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因为我们绝不以暴力反击。
03:34
No to barrier walls. On February 5th,
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”对隔离墙说不“。在2月5日，
03:37
concrete roadblocks were set up in Cairo
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开罗树起了水泥路障，
03:41
to protect the Ministry of Defense from protesters.
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保护国防部，阻挡反对者。
03:47
Now, speaking of walls, I want to share with you the story
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现在，说到墙，我想和你们分享
03:50
of one wall in Cairo.
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一面在开罗的墙的故事。
03:52
A group of artists decided to paint a life-size tank
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一群艺术家决定在一面墙上画一个
03:57
on a wall. It's one to one.
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和实物一样大的坦克。
03:59
In front of this tank there's a man on a bicycle
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在坦克前面有个人骑着自行车，
04:02
with a breadbasket on his head. To any passerby,
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头上有个面包篮。对任何路人来说，
04:05
there's no problem with this visual.
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这个形象没有问题。
04:08
After acts of violence, another artist came,
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在暴力袭击之后，另外一个艺术家过来，
04:12
painted blood, protesters being run over by the tank,
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画了鲜血，反对者被坦克碾压，
04:17
demonstrators, and a message that read,
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示威者，还有这样一句话，
04:20
"Starting tomorrow, I wear the new face,
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“从明天开始，我代表一个新的形象，
04:23
the face of every martyr. I exist."
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每一位烈士的形象。我存在。”
04:27
Authority comes, paints the wall white,
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当局来了，把墙刷白，
04:30
leaves the tank and adds a message:
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留下坦克和一句话：
04:32
"Army and people, one hand. Egypt for Egyptians."
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“军队和人民，一只手。埃及为埃及人。”
04:37
Another artist comes, paints the head of the military
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另外一个艺术家来了，把军队的头画成一个
04:41
as a monster eating a maiden in a river of blood
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怪物，在血流中吃一个少女，
04:44
in front of the tank.
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在坦克前面。
04:47
Authority comes, paints the wall white, leaves the tank,
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当局来了，把墙刷白，留下坦克，
04:51
leaves the suit, and throws a bucket of black paint
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泼了一桶黑墨
04:54
just to hide the face of the monster.
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遮住怪物的脸。
04:55
So I come with my stencils, and I spray them on the suit,
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所以我来了，把我的信息喷到
04:59
on the tank, and on the whole wall,
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坦克上，整个墙上，
05:02
and this is how it stands today
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然后这就是这面墙现在的样子。
05:04
until further notice. (Laughter)
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如果它再有变化，我会通知你们。”笑声“
05:06
Now, I want to leave you with a final no.
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现在，我想用一个最后的不来结尾。
05:10
I found Neruda scribbled on a piece of paper
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我在Tahrir一家战地医院里找到一张
05:13
in a field hospital in Tahrir, and I decided to take a no of
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写有Neruda笔迹的纸，然后我决定用一个
05:19
Mamluk Mausoleum in Cairo.
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开罗的Mamluk Mausoleum的不。
05:21
The message reads,
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它是这样写的，
05:23
[Arabic]
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（阿拉伯语）
05:29
"You can crush the flowers, but you can't delay spring."
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“你可以毁掉所有的花朵，但是你不能延迟春天的脚步。”
05:33
Thank you. (Applause)
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谢谢。（掌声）
05:37
(Applause)
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（掌声）
05:46
Thank you. Shukran. (Applause)
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谢谢。Shukran。（阿语“谢谢”）（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bahia Shehab - Artist and historianTED Fellow Bahia Shehab sends an important message through her street art in Cairo: “You can crush the flowers, but you can’t delay spring."
Why you should listen
Bahia Shehab is an artist, designer and art historian. She is associate professor of design and founder of the graphic design program at The American University in Cairo, where she has developed a full design curriculum mainly focused on visual culture of the Arab world. She has taught over fourteen courses on the topic.
Shehab's artwork has been on display in exhibitions, galleries and streets in Canada, China, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Lebanon, Morocco, Turkey, UAE and the US. The documentary Nefertiti's Daughters featuring her street artwork during the Egyptian uprising was released in 2015. Her work has received a number of international recognitions and awards; TED fellowship (2012) and TED Senior fellowship (2016), BBC 100 Women list (2013, 2014), The American University in Beirut distinguished alumna (2015), Shortlist for V&A’s Jameel Prize 4 (2016), and a Prince Claus Award (2016). Her book A Thousand Times NO: The Visual History of Lam-Alif was published in 2010.
Bahia Shehab | Speaker | TED.com