Rebecca Brachman: A new class of drug that could prevent depression and PTSD
丽贝卡 · 布拉赫曼: 预防抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍的新药
Rebecca Brachman is a pioneer in the field of preventative psychopharmacology, developing drugs to enhance stress resilience and prevent mental illness. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
were made from, of all things,
应激障碍的药物
剩下的火箭燃料制成
one in five soldiers develop depression,
或创伤后应激障碍的现代社会
that are at high risk for these diseases.
唯一的高危族群
cancer patients, aid workers, refugees --
援助者,难民
or major life stress.
都有患病的可能
these disorders are,
if they work at all,
discovered the first vaccine --
a prophylactic for a disease,
to extend to psychiatric diseases.
不能拓展治疗到精神疾病
accidentally discovered
同僚意外地发现了
depression and PTSD.
创伤后应激障碍的药物
whether they work in humans.
psychopharmaceuticals
stress resilience,
复原力增强剂
that you've since recovered from.
遇到压力的时候——
you missed a flight.
考试,错过了飞机
is the active biological process
to bounce back after stress.
and your immune system fights it off.
系统会进行抵抗
enough stressor,
such as depression.
of major depressive disorder
against purely biological stressors,
抵抗生理压力源
like bullying and isolation.
例如被欺凌和孤立
of stress hormones.
大量压力激素
without a psychological component.
没有任何心理压力源的成分、
of antidepressant treatment beforehand,
三星期的抗抑郁药
enhancer given a week before
复原力增强剂
the depressive behavior.
a drug has ever been shown
所带来的负面影响
often lifelong, clinical diseases.
甚至是终身的临床病
of substance abuse, homelessness,
自杀的几率
is over three trillion dollars per year.
产生的费用就超过三兆美元。
where we know someone is predictively
这么一个情况:
to extreme stress.
处于高压力的环境。
going into an earthquake zone.
到地震灾区救援
of a resilience enhancer
by looters or worse,
甚至是遇到更严重的情况,
against developing depression or PTSD
from experiencing the stress,
避免经历受创,
her susceptibility to depression and PTSD,
忧郁症和创伤后应激障碍的机率
her home, her family or even her life.
甚至性命的情況。
the smallpox vaccine,
雨后春笋般出现
was widely available.
sensitive and creative and empathetic.
有创意,及富同情心,
by constitution and not biology.
和生物学没有关系。
today about depression.
也有坊间相似的传闻。
opened the door
that followed after,
打开了一扇门,
open the possibility of a whole new field:
choose to do with it.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rebecca Brachman - Neuroscientist, writer, entrepreneurRebecca Brachman is a pioneer in the field of preventative psychopharmacology, developing drugs to enhance stress resilience and prevent mental illness.
Why you should listen
Current treatments for mood disorders only suppress symptoms without addressing the underlying disease, and there are no known cures. The drugs Rebecca Brachman is developing would be the first to prevent psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression.
Brachman completed her PhD at Columbia University, prior to which she was a fellow at the National Institutes of Health, where she discovered that immune cells carry a memory of psychological stress and that white blood cells can act as antidepressants and resilience-enhancers. Brachman's research has been featured in The Atlantic, WIRED and Business Insider, and her work was recently described by Dr. George Slavich on NPR as a "moonshot project that is very much needed in the mental health arena."
In addition to conducting ongoing research at Columbia, Brachman is an NYCEDC Entrepreneurship Lab Fellow and cofounder of Paravax -- a biotech startup developing vaccine-like prophylactic drugs ("paravaccines") -- along with her scientific collaborator, Christine Ann Denny. She is also working on a non-profit venture to repurpose existing generic drugs for use as prophylactics, and previously served as the Interim Program Director for Outreach at the Zuckerman Institute at Columbia University.
Brachman is also a playwright and screenwriter. She holds Bachelor's degrees in both neuroscience and creative wWriting, and she is currently working on a tech-focused writing project with her long-time writing partner, Sean Calder ("Grimm," "Damages," "ER"). She served as the director of NeuWrite, a national network of science-writing groups that fosters ongoing collaboration between scientists, writers and artists, and she has been featured as a storyteller at The Story Collider.
(Photo: Kenneth Willardt)
Rebecca Brachman | Speaker | TED.com