TEDGlobal 2014
Michael Green: What the Social Progress Index can reveal about your country
Michael Green: 社会进步指数可以告诉我们什么
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GDP这个词经常挂在人们口中，好像他们是上帝掷给我们的石子一样。但是这个概念却是由一位经济学家在1920年代提出来的。我们需要的是更加有效的衡量工具，来应对21世纪的需求，迈克尔格林说道。他用充满魅力和智慧的方式，给我们展示了如何通过三个真正有用的维度来衡量社会。还揭示，当我们使用它的时候，国家的排序会发生戏剧性的变化
Michael Green - Social progress expert
Michael Green is part of the team that has created the Social Progress Index, a standard to rank societies based on how they meet the needs of citizens. Full bio
Michael Green is part of the team that has created the Social Progress Index, a standard to rank societies based on how they meet the needs of citizens. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
On January 4, 1934,
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1934年一月四日,
00:16
a young man delivered a report
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一个年轻人向美国国会提交了
00:19
to the United States Congress
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一份报告。
00:21
that 80 years on,
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如今80年过去了，
00:23
still shapes the lives of
everyone in this room today,
everyone in this room today,
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那份报告依然塑造着我们在座各位生活
00:28
still shapes the lives of
everyone on this planet.
everyone on this planet.
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塑造着地球所每一个人的生活
00:34
That young man wasn't a politician,
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那个年轻人不是一位政治家，
00:37
he wasn't a businessman,
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不是一位商人，
00:39
a civil rights activist
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不是一位民权活动者
00:40
or a faith leader.
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也不是一位宗教领袖。
00:42
He was that most unlikely of heroes,
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他是最不可能成为英雄的那类人，
00:45
an economist.
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一位经济学家。
00:49
His name was Simon Kuznets
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他叫西蒙·库兹涅茨
00:51
and the report that
he delivered was called
he delivered was called
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他提交的报告叫做
00:54
"National Income, 1929-1932."
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“国民收入，1929-1932”
00:59
Now, you might think
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现在，你可能会想
01:00
this is a rather dry and dull report.
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这该是一份多么枯燥无味的报告
01:03
And you're absolutely right.
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毫无疑问你是对的
01:05
It's dry as a bone.
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这枯燥得像骨头。
01:08
But this report is the foundation
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但这份报告是我们今天衡量一个国家
01:10
of how, today, we judge the
success of countries:
success of countries:
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成功与否的标准：
01:13
what we know best as
Gross Domestic Product,
Gross Domestic Product,
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我们最了解的莫过于国内生产
总值，
总值，
01:17
GDP.
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GDP。
01:19
GDP has defined and shaped our lives
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GDP已经定义和塑造我们的生活
01:22
for the last 80 years.
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有80年之久了。
01:24
And today I want to talk about
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今天我想讨论的是
01:26
a different way to measure
the success of countries,
the success of countries,
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另外一种衡量国家是否成功的方法，
01:30
a different way to define
and shape our lives
and shape our lives
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另外一种，在未来80年里将
01:33
for the next 80 years.
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定义和塑造我们生活的方法。
01:36
But first, we have to understand
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但首先，我们必须明白
01:38
how GDP came to
dominate our lives.
dominate our lives.
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GDP是如何支配我们生活的。
01:42
Kuznets' report was delivered
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库兹涅茨的报告
01:44
at a moment of crisis.
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是在危及时刻提交的。
01:46
The U.S. economy was plummeting
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美国经济正在
01:48
into the Great Depression
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跌入大萧条当中，
01:50
and policy makers were
struggling to respond.
struggling to respond.
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而政策制定者正疲于挣扎着应对这种状况
01:53
Struggling because they didn't
know what was going on.
know what was going on.
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挣扎是因为他们并不明白到底怎么回事儿。
01:56
They didn't have data and statistics.
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他们没有统计数据。
01:59
So what Kuznet's report gave them
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所以库兹涅兹的报告给他们的
是有关美国经济
02:02
was reliable data on what
the U.S. economy
the U.S. economy
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正在创收的可靠数据，
02:06
was producing,
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02:07
updated year by year.
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并且逐年更新。
02:10
And armed with this information,
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掌握了这些数据之后，
02:12
policy makers were, eventually,
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执政者们终于能够找到
02:14
able to find a way out
of the slump.
of the slump.
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对策应付这场衰退了。
而库兹涅兹的发明
02:18
And because Kuznets' invention
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是如此的成功，
02:19
was found to be so useful,
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02:21
it spread around the world.
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它被传播到世界各地。
02:23
And now today, every country
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今天，每一个国家都进行
02:25
produces GDP statistics.
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GDP统计。
02:28
But, in that first report,
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但是，在那份最初的报告里
02:31
Kuznets himself delivered a warning.
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库兹涅兹自己还提交了一份警告
02:35
It's in the introductory chapter.
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就在引言那一章中
02:37
On page seven he says,
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在第七页，他说道：
02:39
"The welfare of a nation can, therefore,
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“因此，一个国家的国民福利
02:42
scarcely be inferred
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勉强可以通过测定
02:43
from a measurement of
national income
national income
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上述定义的国民收入
02:45
as defined above."
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推断出来。“
02:47
It's not the greatest sound
bite in the world,
bite in the world,
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这并不是世界上最伟大的一句话
它是用经济学家谨慎的语言表述出来的
02:50
and it's dressed up in the cautious
language of the economist.
language of the economist.
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02:54
But his message was clear:
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但是他的信息是清楚的：
02:56
GDP is a tool
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GDP是一个工具，
02:58
to help us measure
economic performance.
economic performance.
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它帮助我们测量国家经济表现，
03:01
It's not a measure
of our well-being.
of our well-being.
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它并不能用来测量我们的幸福感。
03:04
And it shouldn't be a guide
to all decision making.
to all decision making.
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而且它也不应该成为制定所有政策的导向。
03:09
But we have ignored Kuznets' warning.
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但是我们忽视了库兹涅兹的警告。
03:12
We live in a world where
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我们生活在一个世界，
03:13
GDP is the benchmark of success
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GDP成为衡量一个国家在全球经济化中
03:16
in a global economy.
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是否成功的基准。
03:19
Our politicians boast when
GDP goes up.
GDP goes up.
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我们的政治家们因为GDP增长而自吹自擂。
03:22
Markets move
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市场的走向
和数万亿资本
03:23
and trillions of dollars of capital
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在世界范围内的流通
03:25
move around the world
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是基于哪一个国家正在崛起，
03:26
based on which countries
are going up
are going up
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哪一个国家正在衰落，
03:28
and which countries
are going down,
are going down,
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03:30
all measured in GDP.
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这些都是由GDP测量出来的。
03:33
Our societies have become
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我们的社会已经成为
03:34
engines to create more GDP.
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生产GDP的巨大发动机了。
03:38
But we know that GDP is flawed.
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但是我们知道GDP是存在缺陷的。
03:42
It ignores the environment.
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它忽略了环境。
03:44
It counts bombs and prisons as progress.
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随着进步它也算上了炸弹和监狱
03:48
It can't count happiness or community.
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但它却无法算上幸福或者和谐。
03:51
And it has nothing to say
about fairness or justice.
about fairness or justice.
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它也谈不上公平或正义
03:56
Is it any surprise that our world,
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这有什么好惊讶的呢？
我们的世界正走在GDP的节奏上
03:59
marching to the drumbeat of GDP,
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04:02
is teetering on the brink
of environmental disaster
of environmental disaster
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在环境灾难的边缘摇摇欲坠
04:05
and filled with anger and conflict?
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并且充满了愤怒和冲突
04:08
We need a better way
to measure our societies,
to measure our societies,
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为了整个社会，我们需要更好的测量工具，
04:13
a measure based on the real
things that matter to real people.
things that matter to real people.
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是基于真实的东西，
对人们真正重要的测量。
对人们真正重要的测量。
04:18
Do I have enough to eat?
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我能不能填饱肚子？
04:20
Can I read and write?
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我可以读书写字吗？
04:22
Am I safe?
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我安全吗？
04:24
Do I have rights?
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我有任何权利吗？
04:26
Do I live in a society where
I'm not discriminated against?
I'm not discriminated against?
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我是否生活在一个没有歧视我的社会？
04:29
Is my future and the future of my children
prevented from environmental destruction?
prevented from environmental destruction?
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我和我孩子的未来是否受到环境毁坏的威胁？
04:36
These are questions that GDP
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这些问题都是GDP
04:38
does not and cannot answer.
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没有也无法回答的。
当然，已经有人
04:43
There have, of course,
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04:44
been efforts in the past
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在努力尝试
04:45
to move beyond GDP.
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超越GDP的行动。
04:48
But I believe that we're living
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但是，我相信，我们正生活
04:49
in a moment when we
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在这样的时刻，
04:51
are ready for a measurement revolution.
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为一场检验方法的革命做好了准备。
04:54
We're ready because we've seen,
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我们准备好了，是因为我们看到了
04:57
in the financial crisis of 2008,
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发生在2008年的经济危机，
04:59
how our fetish for economic growth
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看到了我们对经济增长的迷恋如何把我们
05:02
led us so far astray.
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带到一条不归路上。
05:04
We've seen, in the Arab Spring,
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我们已经看到了，在阿拉伯之春
05:07
how countries like Tunisia
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像突尼斯这样的国家
05:08
were supposedly economic superstars,
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本应该是经济上的巨星，
05:11
but they were societies
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但是他们的社会
05:13
that were seething with discontentment.
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却在不公中沸腾。
05:16
We're ready, because today
we have the technology
we have the technology
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我们已经准备好了，因为今天我们
掌握了这样的技术
掌握了这样的技术
05:20
to gather and analyze data
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去收集和分析数据，
05:22
in ways that would have been
unimaginable to Kuznets.
unimaginable to Kuznets.
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这种方式是库兹涅兹无法想象的。
05:26
Today, I'd like to introduce you
to the Social Progress Index.
to the Social Progress Index.
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今天，我想向大家介绍一下
社会进步指数。
社会进步指数。
05:31
It's a measure of the
well-being of society,
well-being of society,
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这才是测量
社会健康程度的工具。
社会健康程度的工具。
05:34
completely separate from GDP.
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是完全不同于GDP的。
05:36
It's a whole new way
of looking at the world.
of looking at the world.
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是以一个全新的视角看待世界。
05:40
The Social Progress Index
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社会进步指数
05:42
begins by defining what it
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首先定义
05:43
means to be a good society
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什么是良好的社会，
05:45
based around three dimensions.
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这基于三个方面。
05:48
The first is, does everyone have
the basic needs for survival:
the basic needs for survival:
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第一个是，人们能够满足基本生存需求吗？
05:53
food, water, shelter, safety?
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比如食物，水，房屋，安全
05:55
Secondly, does everyone have
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第二：人们能
05:58
access to the building blocks
to improve their lives:
to improve their lives:
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通过各种途径提升自己的生活质量吗？
06:01
education, information, health
and sustainable environment?
and sustainable environment?
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比如教育，信息，健康和可持续发展的环境。
06:05
And then third, does every
individual have access
individual have access
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第三个，每一个个体都有机会
06:09
to a chance to pursue their goals
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追寻他们的目标、
06:12
and dreams and ambitions
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梦想和抱负
06:14
free from obstacles?
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而不受阻扰吗？
06:15
Do they have rights,
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他们能有权利，
06:16
freedom of choice,
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有选择的自由，
06:18
freedom from discrimination
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并不受歧视
06:19
and access to the the world's
most advanced knowledge?
most advanced knowledge?
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并能学到世界上最先进的知识吗？
06:23
Together, these 12 components
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这12个部分一起
06:26
form the Social Progress framework.
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组成了社会进步的骨架。
06:30
And for each of these 12 components,
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我们对这12个部分，
06:32
we have indicators to measure
how countries are performing.
how countries are performing.
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都有相应的指标，来测定不同国家的表现。
06:35
Not indicators of effort or intention,
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这些指标都不指示努力或者意向，
06:38
but real achievement.
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但都是真实的成就。
06:40
We don't measure how much
a country spends on healthcare,
a country spends on healthcare,
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我们不看一个国家在医疗保健上投入了多少钱，
06:44
we measure the length and
quality of people's lives.
quality of people's lives.
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我们看国民生活质量和寿命长短。
06:48
We don't measure whether governments
pass laws against discrimination,
pass laws against discrimination,
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我们不看政府是否通过针对歧视的法律，
06:53
we measure whether people
experience discrimination.
experience discrimination.
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我们看人们是否遭受着歧视。
06:57
But what you want to know
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但是，你们想知道的
06:58
is who's top, don't you?
(Laughter)
(Laughter)
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是谁排第一，对不对？
（笑）
（笑）
07:01
I knew that, I knew that, I knew that.
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我知道，我知道，我知道。
07:03
Okay, I'm going to show you.
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好，我会展示给你们。
07:05
I'm going to show you on this chart.
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看到这个坐标图了吧
07:07
So here we are,
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就是这个，
07:08
what I've done here is put on the
vertical axis social progress.
vertical axis social progress.
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在这个坐标系上，
纵坐标是社会进步指数。
纵坐标是社会进步指数。
07:13
Higher is better.
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越高越好。
07:14
And then, just for comparison,
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然后呢，我们开始比较，
07:16
just for fun,
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只是为了好玩，
07:17
on the horizontal axis
is GDP per capita.
is GDP per capita.
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在横坐标是人均GDP。
07:21
Further to the right is more.
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越向右边越大。
07:23
So the country in the world
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所以呢，世界上
07:26
with the highest social progress,
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社会进步指数最高的国家，
07:30
the number one country on social progress
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排名第一的国家是
07:33
is New Zealand.
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新西兰。
07:36
(Applause)
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（掌声）
07:40
Well done! Never been; must go.
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干得漂亮！没去过；一定得去一趟。
07:43
(Laughter)
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（笑）
07:45
The country with the least social progress,
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社会指数最低的国家，
07:48
I'm sorry to say, is Chad.
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很抱歉，是乍得。
07:50
I've never been; maybe next year.
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我也没有去过那里，也许明年吧。
07:53
(Laughter)
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（笑）
07:55
Or maybe the year after.
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或者是后年。
07:57
Now, I know what you're thinking.
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现在，我知道你们在想什么。
07:59
You're thinking, "Aha,
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你们在想：“啊哈，
08:00
but New Zealand has a higher GDP
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但是新西兰的GDP
08:02
than Chad!"
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相对于乍得要高得多！“
08:04
It's a good point, well made.
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有道理，有见地。
08:07
But let me show you
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但是，让我告诉你
08:08
two other countries.
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另外两个国家的情况。
08:10
Here's the United States —
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这是美国——
08:12
considerably richer than New Zealand,
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比新西兰富裕多了，
08:15
but with a lower level of social progress.
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但是其社会进步指数要低一点。
08:17
And then here's Senegal —
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这是塞内加尔－
08:20
it's got a higher level of
social progress than Chad,
social progress than Chad,
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它的社会进步指数要比乍得高，
08:24
but the same level of GDP.
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1949
但是却处于同一GDP水平。
08:26
So what's going on? Well, look.
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这发生了什么？好，接下来。
08:28
Let me bring in the rest of
the countries of the world,
the countries of the world,
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我把剩下的国家都放上去，
08:30
the 132 we've been able to measure,
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我们一共测到了132个国家，
08:32
each one represented by a dot.
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每一个国家都用一个点表示。
08:35
There we go. Lots of dots.
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我们看到好多的点。
08:36
Now, obviously I can't do all of them,
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现在，很明显我不能每一个都介绍一遍，
08:38
so a few highlights for you:
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所以选取一些突出的：
08:40
The highest ranked G7 country is Canada.
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G7国家里面排名最高的是加拿大。
08:44
My country, the United Kingdom,
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我的祖国，英国，
08:46
is sort of middling, sort of dull,
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大概在中间，比较沉闷，
08:49
but who cares —
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但谁在乎呢——
08:51
at least we beat the French.
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至少我们击败了法国。
08:53
(Laughter)
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（笑）
09:00
And then looking at the
emerging economies,
emerging economies,
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然后再看看正在崛起的经济体，
09:03
top of the BRICS,
pleased to say, is Brazil.
pleased to say, is Brazil.
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金砖各国里排名最高的，很高兴的说，是巴西
09:06
(Applause)
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（掌声）
09:08
Come on, cheer!
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拜托，欢呼起来！
09:09
Go, Brazil!
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1942
好样的，巴西！
09:11
Beating South Africa,
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击败了南非，
09:13
then Russia,
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俄罗斯，
09:14
then China
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1134
然后中国
09:15
and then India.
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还有印度，
09:17
Tucked away on the right-hand side,
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2365
隐藏在右手边，
09:19
you will see a dot of a
country with a lot of GDP
country with a lot of GDP
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你会看到有一个点，这个点代表的国家GDP非常大
09:23
but not a huge amount
of social progress —
of social progress —
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551025
1943
但是它的社会进步指数却不那么高－
09:24
that's Kuwait.
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1978
这是科威特。
09:26
Just above Brazil
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在巴西上面
09:28
is a social progress superpower —
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是一个社会进步指数的超级大国－
09:30
that's Costa Rica.
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1500
那是哥斯达黎加。
09:32
It's got a level of social progress the same
as some Western European countries,
as some Western European countries,
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它的社会进步指数与欧洲国家处在同一水平上，
09:36
with a much lower GDP.
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1969
但是GDP却要低得多。
09:38
Now, my slide is getting
a little cluttered
a little cluttered
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现在我的幻灯片开始变得凌乱了，
09:40
and I'd like to step back a bit.
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我想我应该退后几张。
09:42
So let me take away these countries,
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好，让我把这些国家移除，
09:43
and then pop in the regression line.
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2914
然后放一条回归曲线。
09:46
So this shows the average relationship
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1653
这显示除了GDP和社会进步指数之间的
09:48
between GDP and social progress.
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大致关系。
09:50
The first thing to notice,
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我们首先注意到，
09:53
is that there's lots of noise
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在趋势线的附近有许多的
09:54
around the trend line.
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背景噪声。
09:56
And what this shows,
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这表示
09:58
what this empirically demonstrates,
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2882
从经验上已经证实，
10:01
is that GDP is not destiny.
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3035
GDP并不是目的。
10:04
At every level of GDP per capita,
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处在任何一个人均GDP水平上，
10:07
there are opportunities
for more social progress,
for more social progress,
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我们都有机会提高社会进步指数，
10:10
risks of less.
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2003
并且风险更低。
10:12
The second thing to notice
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我们应该注意到的第二件事情是
10:14
is that for poor countries,
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对于贫穷的国家来说，
10:16
the curve is really steep.
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1973
曲线是非常陡峭的。
10:18
So what this tells us is that
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这告诉我们
10:19
if poor countries can get
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1253
如果贫穷的国家可以
10:21
a little bit of extra GDP,
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1894
得到一点额外的GDP
10:22
and if they reinvest that
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1783
并且把这部分重新投资在
10:24
in doctors, nurses, water supplies,
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2672
医疗设施建设和供水系统
10:27
sanitation, etc.,
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1373
改善卫生状况当中，
10:28
there's a lot of social progress bang
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2019
那么你的GDP增长还可以引起
10:30
for your GDP buck.
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1586
很多的社会进步反响。
10:32
And that's good news, and that's what
we've seen over the last 20, 30 years,
we've seen over the last 20, 30 years,
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这是一个好消息，这也是我们在过去
20年，30年之内所见到的，
20年，30年之内所见到的，
10:35
with a lot of people lifted out of poverty
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2001
在更加贫困的国家，
10:37
by economic growth and good policies
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2210
因为经济增长和有利政策
10:40
in poorer countries.
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1872
许多人都脱离了贫困。
10:42
But go on a bit further up the curve,
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2197
再看曲线较高的那一部分，
10:44
and then we see it flattening out.
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2109
然后我们看到曲线变得渐渐平坦。
10:46
Each extra dollar of GDP
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2252
之后每增加的一份GDP
10:48
is buying less and less social progress.
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3236
将得到越来越少的社会进步的增长。
10:51
And with more and more
of the world's population
of the world's population
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2674
随着世界上越来越多的人
10:54
living on this part of the curve,
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生活在这一部分的曲线当中，
10:57
it means GDP is becoming
250
645076
2224
这意味着GDP
作为发展导向的作用
10:59
less and less useful
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1784
正变得越来越小。
11:01
as a guide to our development.
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2516
11:03
I'll show you an example of Brazil.
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2147
我会拿巴西作为一个例子。
11:05
Here's Brazil:
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1223
这是巴西：
11:06
social progress of about 70 out of 100,
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2867
社会进步指数大概在70（满分100），
11:09
GDP per capita about
14,000 dollars a year.
14,000 dollars a year.
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人均GDP大概在14,000美元一年。
11:12
And look, Brazil's above the line.
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2921
看，巴西是处于这条线的上方。
11:15
Brazil is doing a reasonably good job
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1886
在把GDP转化为社会进步指数这方面，
11:17
of turning GDP into social progress.
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3325
巴西做得相当不错。
11:20
But where does Brazil go next?
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1987
但是，接下来巴西会走向那里呢？
11:22
Let's say that Brazil
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1512
我们假设巴西
11:23
adopts a bold economic plan
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1772
采取了一个风险较大的经济计划
11:25
to double GDP in the next decade.
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2303
在未来十年内，GDP翻了一翻。
11:28
But that is only half a plan.
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3616
但这是计划的一半。
11:31
It's less than half a plan,
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2277
应该是一半都不到
11:33
because where does Brazil
want to go on social progress?
want to go on social progress?
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3248
因为巴西的社会进步指数又会怎么变化呢？
11:37
Brazil, it's possible
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2318
巴西有可能
11:39
to increase your growth,
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1735
增加发展，
11:41
increase your GDP,
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1577
增加GDP，
11:42
while stagnating or going backwards
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1890
但是却在社会进步上
11:44
on social progress.
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1349
变得停滞不前甚至倒退。
11:46
We don't want Brazil
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1186
我们都不希望巴西
11:47
to become like Russia.
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695241
1732
变得和俄罗斯一样。
11:48
What you really want is for Brazil
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2315
我们真正希望巴西做的
11:51
to get ever more efficient at creating
social progress from its GDP,
social progress from its GDP,
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4953
是从GDP那里更有效地助动社会进步，
11:56
so it becomes more like New Zealand.
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2298
所以这会让它变得更象新西兰。
11:58
And what that means is that
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1580
这意味着
12:00
Brazil needs to prioritize social progress
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2657
巴西在其发展计划当中
12:02
in its development plan
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1692
需要优先提高社会进步。
12:04
and see that it's not just growth alone,
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2412
而且弄清楚这不仅仅是经济增长，
12:06
it's growth with social progress.
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2652
而是社会的进步。
12:09
And that's what the Social
Progress Index does:
Progress Index does:
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2618
这就是社会进步指数所做的：
12:12
It reframes the debate about development,
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2610
它重新构架了关于发展的讨论，
12:14
not just about GDP alone,
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2060
这并不只是GDP而已，
12:16
but inclusive, sustainable growth
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2579
而是更包容的，可持续的增长，
12:19
that brings real improvements
in people's lives.
in people's lives.
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4419
给人们的生活水平带来实质性的提高。
12:23
And it's not just about countries.
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2576
而不只是不同国家的比较。
12:26
Earlier this year,
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2790
今年早些时候，
12:29
with our friends from the Imazon
nonprofit here in Brazil,
nonprofit here in Brazil,
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4567
在巴西当地，和我们来自
Imazon非营利组织的朋友一起，
Imazon非营利组织的朋友一起，
12:33
we launched the first subnational
Social Progress Index.
Social Progress Index.
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4657
我们开展了第一个地方性的社会进步指数。
12:38
We did it for the Amazon region.
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2460
我们是为了亚马逊地区办的。
12:40
It's an area the size of
Europe, 24 million people,
Europe, 24 million people,
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3787
这片区域大概有一个欧洲那么大，
两千四百万人口，
两千四百万人口，
12:44
one of the most deprived
parts of the country.
parts of the country.
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2428
是这个国家里面最落后的地区之一。
12:47
And here are the results,
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1910
这里是我们的一些成果，
12:48
and this is broken down
295
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1635
这细分成了
12:50
into nearly 800 different municipalities.
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3504
将近800个不同的城市。
12:54
And with this detailed information
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1683
有了这些有关于
12:55
about the real quality of life
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2218
这个国家当中这些地区的人
12:58
in this part of the country,
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1943
真实生活水平的细节性信息，
12:59
Imazon and other partners
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767977
1980
Imanzon和其他
13:01
from government,
business and civil society
business and civil society
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2329
来自政府的，企业的，民间的伙伴
13:04
can work together to construct
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1714
可以合作，共同构建
13:06
a development plan
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774000
1677
一个发展计划，
13:07
that will help really improve
people's lives,
people's lives,
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775677
2337
来真正帮助人们提高生活水平，
13:10
while protecting that
precious global asset
precious global asset
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3236
同时还可以保护地球的宝贵财富，
13:13
that is the Amazon Rainforest.
306
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2971
那就是亚马逊热带雨林。
13:16
And this is just the beginning,
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1901
而这只是一个开始，
13:18
You can create a Social Progress Index
308
786122
2379
我们可以得到
任何一个国家，一个地区，城市，
直辖市的社会进步指数。
直辖市的社会进步指数。
13:20
for any state, region,
city or municipality.
city or municipality.
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5155
13:25
We all know and love TEDx;
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2073
我们都知道并热爱TEDx；
13:27
this is Social Pogress-x.
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2242
这就是社会进步的x因素。
13:29
This is a tool for anyone to come and use.
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3194
这是一个任何人都可以利用的工具
13:33
Contrary to the way we
sometimes talk about it,
sometimes talk about it,
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2880
与我们平时讨论方式相反的是，
13:36
GDP was not handed down from
God on tablets of stone. (Laughter)
God on tablets of stone. (Laughter)
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6320
GDP并不是上帝掷给我们的一块石头。（笑）
13:42
It's a measurement tool
invented in the 20th century
invented in the 20th century
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3995
它是20世纪开发出来的测量工具
13:46
to address the challenges
of the 20th century.
of the 20th century.
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4792
用来解决20世纪的问题。
13:51
In the 21st century,
317
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1852
在21世纪，
13:53
we face new challenges:
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2452
我们面对的是全新的挑战：
13:55
aging, obesity, climate change, and so on.
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3108
人口老龄化，肥胖，气候转变等等。
13:58
To face those challenges,
320
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1659
为了解决这些挑战，
14:00
we need new tools of measurement,
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2020
我们需要新的测量工具，
14:02
new ways of valuing progress.
322
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3754
新的评价进步的方法。
14:05
Imagine if we could measure
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2398
想像一下，假如我们可以测量
14:08
what nonprofits, charities,
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2530
非营利组织，慈善机构，
志愿者，民间社会组织
14:10
volunteers, civil society organizations
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838925
1969
14:12
really contribute to our society.
326
840894
3806
对我们社会的做了什么贡献。
14:16
Imagine if businesses competed
327
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3068
想象假如企业之间的竞争
14:19
not just on the basis of
their economic contribution,
their economic contribution,
328
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3411
并不只是基于经济效益，
14:23
but on their contribution
to social progress.
to social progress.
329
851179
3824
而是关于他们对社会进步的贡献。
14:27
Imagine if we could hold
politicians to account
politicians to account
330
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3947
想象我们可以让政治家们
14:30
for really improving people's lives.
331
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4196
为真正提高人们生活水平而负起责任来。
14:35
Imagine if we could work together —
332
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2985
想象假如我们可以一起合作——
14:38
government, business,
civil society, me, you —
civil society, me, you —
333
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5068
政府，企业，社会组织，我，你——
14:43
and make this century the
century of social progress.
century of social progress.
334
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5491
使这个世纪成为社会进步的世纪。
14:48
Thank you.
335
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1079
谢谢。
14:49
(Applause)
336
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6032
（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Michael Green - Social progress expertMichael Green is part of the team that has created the Social Progress Index, a standard to rank societies based on how they meet the needs of citizens.
Why you should listen
In his book Philanthrocapitalism (co-authored with Economist business editor Matthew Bishop), Michael Green defined a new model for social change built on partnerships between wealthy businesses, governments and community organizations. Shortly thereafter, Bishop floated the idea of a “Social Competiveness Index,” the idea that one day countries would compete with one another to be the most socially advanced, in the same way as they now compete to be economic top dog. Green loved it and decided to turn it into reality.
Teaming up with Avina's president Brizio Biondi-Morra, Sally Osberg of the Skoll Foundation and many other thought leaders from businesses and foundations, he began work on what would become the Social Progress Imperative, of which he's now CEO. Later they were joined by Harvard management guru Michael E. Porter, who became chairman of the SPI's advisory board. The first Social Progress Index was published in 2014.
Michael Green | Speaker | TED.com