TED2016
Jessica Ladd: The reporting system that sexual assault survivors want
杰西卡·拉德: 性侵受害者需要的举报平台
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杰西卡·拉德认为，我们不必生活在一个绝大部分性侵者都可以逃脱惩罚的世界。Callisto是一个在校学生可以匿名举报性侵的平台，拉德一方面保护了受害者的隐私，同时也帮他们伸张了正义。她说：”我们可以改变世界，真正的遏制对人权的侵害。“
Jessica Ladd - Founder and CEO, Callisto
Jessica Ladd is using technology to combat sexual assault, empower survivors and advance justice. Full bio
Jessica Ladd is using technology to combat sexual assault, empower survivors and advance justice. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Hannah is excited to be going to college.
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汉娜对于即将到来的
大学生活感到十分兴奋。
大学生活感到十分兴奋。
她迫不及待地想要离开父母，
00:16
She couldn't wait
to get out of her parents' house,
to get out of her parents' house,
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向他们证明自己已经是个大人了，
00:19
to prove to them that she's an adult,
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并且有了属于自己的朋友圈。
00:21
and to prove to her new friends
that she belongs.
that she belongs.
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00:25
She heads to a campus party
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在一个校园派对上，
她对一个男生一见钟情。
00:26
where she sees a guy
that she has a crush on.
that she has a crush on.
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让我们称他为迈克。
00:29
Let's call him Mike.
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00:32
The next day, Hannah wakes up
with a pounding headache.
with a pounding headache.
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第二天，汉娜在剧烈的头痛中醒来。
00:37
She can only remember
the night in flashes.
the night in flashes.
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她对昨晚的记忆只剩下零星的碎片。
00:40
But what she does remember is
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她只记得
在迈克房间外的走廊上呕吐，
00:42
throwing up in the hall
outside Mike's room
outside Mike's room
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00:46
and staring at the wall silently
while he was inside her,
while he was inside her,
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想起当迈克在她身体里时，
自己只能无声的盯着墙壁
自己只能无声的盯着墙壁
等待着一切快点结束，
00:49
wanting it to stop,
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00:51
then shakily stumbling home.
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然后，她跌跌撞撞的回了家。
00:54
She doesn't feel good about what happened,
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对于所发生的一切，
她并不觉得美好，
她并不觉得美好，
但她心想：“或许，这就是
大学里的性体验吧？”
大学里的性体验吧？”
00:56
but she thinks, "Maybe this is just
what sex in college is?"
what sex in college is?"
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01:01
One in five women and one in 13 men
will be sexually assaulted
will be sexually assaulted
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五分之一的女性和
十三分之一的男性将会
十三分之一的男性将会
在美国大学生涯里的某一时刻
遭遇性侵。
遭遇性侵。
01:06
at some point during their college career
in the United States.
in the United States.
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01:11
Less than 10 percent will ever report
their assault to their school
their assault to their school
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但他们中只有不超过
十分之一的人会向学校或者
十分之一的人会向学校或者
警局报案。
01:15
or to the police.
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而这些被性侵的报案人，
平均要等待11个月才会进行举报。
平均要等待11个月才会进行举报。
01:17
And those who do, on average,
wait 11 months to make the report.
wait 11 months to make the report.
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01:24
Hannah initially just feels like dealing
with what happened on her own.
with what happened on her own.
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汉娜本打算自己处理
在她身上所发生的一切，
在她身上所发生的一切，
但每当她看到迈克
从派对上带着其他女孩回家时，
从派对上带着其他女孩回家时，
01:27
But when she sees Mike
taking girls home from parties,
taking girls home from parties,
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她非常担心那些女孩。
01:30
she's worried about them.
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01:32
After graduation, Hannah learns
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在毕业之后，汉娜才得知
她是被迈克性侵的五个女孩之一。
01:34
that she was one of five women
who Mike did the exact same thing to.
who Mike did the exact same thing to.
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01:40
And this is not an unlikely scenario
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事实可能比这更糟，
因为百分之九十的性侵案件
01:43
because 90 percent of sexual assaults
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都是由累犯犯下的。
01:46
are committed by repeat offenders.
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01:49
But with such low reporting rates,
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但由于极低的告发率，
即使是累犯，都可能很难被告发，
01:50
it's fairly unlikely that even
repeat perpetrators will be reported,
repeat perpetrators will be reported,
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更不用说他们会受到惩罚了。
01:54
much less anything happen if they are.
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事实上，在那些向警方告发的
性侵案件中只有百分之六的
性侵案件中只有百分之六的
01:57
In fact, only six percent
of assaults reported to the police
of assaults reported to the police
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性侵者受到了（最多）被拘禁一天的处罚。
02:02
end with the assailant
spending a single day in prison.
spending a single day in prison.
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02:05
Meaning, there's a 99 percent chance
that they'll get away with it.
that they'll get away with it.
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这意味着，在美国他们将有
百分之九十九的可能逃之夭夭 。
百分之九十九的可能逃之夭夭 。
02:11
This means there's practically
no deterrent to assault
no deterrent to assault
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这说明在美国，
对于此类性侵案的实际震慑力
对于此类性侵案的实际震慑力
02:14
in the United States.
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非常小。
02:18
Now, I'm an infectious disease
epidemiologist by training.
epidemiologist by training.
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我是一个受训的
主攻感染性疾病的流行病学家。
主攻感染性疾病的流行病学家。
我对系统和网络十分感兴趣，
02:21
I'm interested in systems and networks
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那是一个我们能聚集我们的研究成果
以达到最好效果的地方。
以达到最好效果的地方。
02:24
and where we can concentrate
our resources to do the most good.
our resources to do the most good.
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02:29
So this, to me, is a tragic
but a solvable problem.
but a solvable problem.
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因此在我看来，性侵是一个
无比悲痛，但却是一个可以解决的问题。
无比悲痛，但却是一个可以解决的问题。
02:35
So when the issue of campus assault
started hitting the news a few years ago,
started hitting the news a few years ago,
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所以，当校园性侵事件
在几年前上了新闻头条时，
在几年前上了新闻头条时，
我想，这会是一个独一无二的
做出改变的机会。
做出改变的机会。
02:39
it felt like a unique opportunity
to make a change.
to make a change.
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并且，我们做到了。
02:42
And so we did.
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02:44
We started by talking
to college survivors.
to college survivors.
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我们从采访校园性侵案的幸存者开始。
这些人的愿望其实很简单；
02:47
And what they wish they'd had
in college is pretty simple;
in college is pretty simple;
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02:50
they wanted a website,
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他们希望有一个网站，
能够让他们在自己觉得安全的
02:52
one they could use
at the time and place
at the time and place
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02:54
that felt safest to them
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时间和地点使用，
02:56
with clearly written information
about their reporting options,
about their reporting options,
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具有可供选择的举报方式，
以及自动生成案件举报报告的功能，
03:00
with the ability to electronically
report their assault,
report their assault,
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而不是在一开始就需要
03:03
rather than having the first step
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在一个房间中，
向一个不确定是否会相信他们的人诉说。
向一个不确定是否会相信他们的人诉说。
03:05
to go in and talk to someone
who may or may not believe them.
who may or may not believe them.
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03:09
With the option to create
a secure, timestamped document
a secure, timestamped document
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网站还应具有一个安全的，
有时间标记的文件档案
有时间标记的文件档案
记录整个性侵事件的经过，
03:12
of what happened to them,
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保存下证据，即使
受侵害者暂时还不想告发。
受侵害者暂时还不想告发。
03:13
preserving evidence
even if they don't want to report yet.
even if they don't want to report yet.
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03:17
And lastly, and perhaps most critically,
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最后，同时可能也是最关键的一点，
当有其他人告发了相同的性侵者时，
03:20
with the ability to report their assault
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网站就会报道出受害者的遭遇。
03:22
only if someone else
reported the same assailant.
reported the same assailant.
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03:26
You see, knowing that you weren't
the only one changes everything.
the only one changes everything.
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你瞧，你不是惟一一个
去改变一切的人。
去改变一切的人。
这个网站改变了你
对待自己所经历的事的方式，
对待自己所经历的事的方式，
03:30
It changes the way
you frame your own experience,
you frame your own experience,
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它改变了你看待作恶者的角度，
03:32
it changes the way
you think about your perpetrator,
you think about your perpetrator,
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它意味着如果你向前进一步，
03:34
it means that if you do come forward,
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你将会得到其他人的支持，
她们也同样会得到你的支持。
她们也同样会得到你的支持。
03:36
you'll have someone else's back
and they'll have yours.
and they'll have yours.
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03:40
We created a website
that actually does this
that actually does this
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我们创造了一个可以将这些实现的网站，
并且我们在两个月前开始运作，
在今年8月份在两所大学中
在今年8月份在两所大学中
03:43
and we launched it [...] in August,
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开始使用。
03:46
on two college campuses.
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03:48
And we included a unique matching system
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我们打造了一个独特的匹配系统，
当遭受迈克性侵的第一位受害者报过案后，
03:51
where if Mike's first victim
had come forward,
had come forward,
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网站会将她的记录保存
并放入匹配系统中，
并放入匹配系统中，
03:54
saved her record,
entered into the matching system
entered into the matching system
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将其命名为迈克。
03:57
and named Mike,
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几个月后，当遭受迈克性侵
的第二位受害者
的第二位受害者
03:58
and Mike's second victim
had done the same thing
had done the same thing
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在系统中记录下案件时，
04:00
a few months later,
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两起案件会自动匹配，
04:02
they would have matched
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案件幸存者的联系方式
04:04
and the verified contact information
of both survivors
of both survivors
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经核实后同时被送往当局
04:07
would have been sent
to the authorities at the same time
to the authorities at the same time
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以供调查和实时追踪。
04:10
for investigation and follow up.
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04:13
If a system like this had existed
for Hannah and her peers,
for Hannah and her peers,
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如果有一个这样为汉娜
和她的同伴所打造的系统，
和她的同伴所打造的系统，
这个系统让她们能更加主动的告发案件，
04:17
it's more likely
that they would have reported,
that they would have reported,
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更容易被他人相信，
04:19
that they would have been believed,
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而这样，迈克将更有可能被退学，
04:21
and that Mike would have been
kicked off campus,
kicked off campus,
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送往监狱，或者至少
得到他所需要的帮助。
得到他所需要的帮助。
04:23
gone to jail, or at least
gotten the help that he needed.
gotten the help that he needed.
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04:27
And if we were able to stop
repeat offenders like Mike
repeat offenders like Mike
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如果我们能在诸如迈克一样的
累犯在第二次性侵事件
累犯在第二次性侵事件
被系统匹配后，立刻制止他，
04:31
after just their second assault
following a match,
following a match,
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像汉娜一样的幸存者就将避免
04:35
survivors like Hannah
would never even be assaulted
would never even be assaulted
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04:37
in the first place.
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受到侵害。
04:39
We could prevent
59 percent of sexual assaults
59 percent of sexual assaults
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我们通过及早制止屡次作案的罪犯，
可以防止百分之五十九的性侵案件发生。
04:43
just by stopping
repeat perpetrators earlier on.
repeat perpetrators earlier on.
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04:48
And because we're creating
a real deterrent to assault,
a real deterrent to assault,
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我们正建立一个真正的
对性侵案件具有威慑力的系统，
对性侵案件具有威慑力的系统，
因此在第一时间，
04:50
for perhaps the first time,
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世界上的“迈克们”
将可能永远没有机会去性侵他人。
将可能永远没有机会去性侵他人。
04:52
maybe the Mikes of the world
would never even try to assault anyone.
would never even try to assault anyone.
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04:58
The type of system I'm describing,
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这个我正在向您介绍的系统，
同时也是那些幸存者所期盼的系统，
05:00
the type of system that survivors want
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是一类信息契约，
05:03
is a type of information escrow,
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这种契约为你保存你的信息，
05:05
meaning an entity that holds on
to information for you
to information for you
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并在条件达到某些协议约定的时候，
05:08
and only releases it to a third party
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才向第三方透露你的信息，
05:11
when certain pre-agreed upon
conditions are met,
conditions are met,
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例如一次匹配。
05:13
such as a match.
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05:15
The application that we built
is for college campuses.
is for college campuses.
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这是我们为大学所打造的系统。
同样类型的系统也可应用于军队中，
05:19
But the same type of system
could be used in the military
could be used in the military
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或者工作场所。
05:22
or even the workplace.
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05:25
We don't have to live in a world
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我们不是一定要活在
百分之九十九的性侵者都会逃脱的世界。
05:28
where 99 percent of rapists
get away with it.
get away with it.
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05:32
We can create one
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我们有能力创造一个世界，
在那里，违者必究，
05:33
where those who do wrong
are held accountable,
are held accountable,
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在那里，幸存者能得到
她们应得的支持和正义，
她们应得的支持和正义，
05:36
where survivors get the support
and justice they deserve,
and justice they deserve,
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在那里，当权者能得到他们所需的信息，
05:39
where the authorities
get the information they need,
get the information they need,
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那里对于侵犯他人权利的人
05:42
and where there's a real deterrent
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会具有真正的威慑力。
05:44
to violating the rights
of another human being.
of another human being.
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05:49
Thank you.
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谢谢。
（掌声）
05:50
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jessica Ladd - Founder and CEO, CallistoJessica Ladd is using technology to combat sexual assault, empower survivors and advance justice.
Why you should listen
Jessica Ladd is the founder and CEO of Callisto, formerly Sexual Health Innovations, and a TED Fellow. She has been honored as a fearless changemaker by the Case Foundation, an emerging innovator by Ashoka and American Express, and as the Civic Hacker of the Year by Baltimore Innovation Week.
Before founding Sexual Health Innovations, Ladd worked in the White House Office of National AIDS Policy as a public policy associate at The AIDS Institute and as a sexual health educator and researcher for a variety of organizations. She also founded The Social Innovation Lab in Baltimore and a chapter of FemSex at Pomona College. She received her Masters in Public Health at Johns Hopkins and her BA in Public Policy/Human Sexuality at Pomona College. She left a PhD program in infectious disease epidemiology at Johns Hopkins in order to pursue work at Sexual Health Innovations full-time.
Ladd has created a platform, Callisto, for survivors of sexual assault to electronically document and report what happened to them. The platform helps identify serial sexual offenders, allowing victims to either (1) directly report to an institution or (2) store their identity in escrow and only release it to an institution if another victim names the same assailant.
Jessica Ladd | Speaker | TED.com