ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jennifer Granick - Surveillance and cybersecurity counsel
Jennifer Granick fights for civil liberties in the age of surveillance and powerful digital technology.

Why you should listen

As surveillance and cybersecurity counsel with the ACLU's Speech, Privacy and Technology Project, Jennifer Granick litigates, speaks and writes about privacy, security, technology and constitutional rights. Granick is the author of the book American Spies: Modern Surveillance, Why You Should Care, and What To Do About It, published by Cambridge Press and winner of the 2016 Palmer Civil Liberties Prize. 

Granick spent much of her career helping create Stanford Law School's Center for Internet and Society. From 2001 to 2007, she was Executive Director of CIS and founded the Cyberlaw Clinic, where she supervised students in working on some of the most important cyberlaw cases that took place during her tenure. She was the primary crafter of a 2006 exception to the Digital Millennium Copyright Act which allows mobile telephone owners to legally circumvent the firmware locking their device to a single carrier. From 2012 to 2017, Granick was Civil Liberties Director specializing in and teaching surveillance law, cybersecurity, encryption policy and the Fourth Amendment. In that capacity, she has published widely on US government surveillance practices and helped educate judges and congressional staffers on these issues. Granick also served as the Civil Liberties Director at the Electronic Frontier Foundation from 2007-2010. Earlier in her career, Granick spent almost a decade practicing criminal defense law in California. 

Granick’s work is well-known in privacy and security circles. Her keynote, "Lifecycle of a Revolution" for the 2015 Black Hat USA security conference electrified and depressed the audience in equal measure. In March of 2016, she received Duo Security’s Women in Security Academic Award for her expertise in the field as well as her direction and guidance for young women in the security industry. Senator Ron Wyden (D-Ore) has called Granick an "NBA all-star of surveillance law."

More profile about the speaker
Jennifer Granick | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxStanford

Jennifer Granick: How the US government spies on people who protest -- including you

Jennifer Granick: 美国政府如何监视抗议者——包括你

Filmed:
1,269,864 views

如何停止美国政府记录你的电话,阅读你的邮件,监视你的地址?可以做的不多,监控和网络安全顾问Jennifer Granick说。政府轻松,廉价和在没有搜查令的情况下收集关于你的各种信息——如果你曾经参加过抗议活动或参加过枪支秀, 你很可能是他们感兴趣的人。学习你的权利,风险和如何在监视的黄金岁月中保护自己。
- Surveillance and cybersecurity counsel
Jennifer Granick fights for civil liberties in the age of surveillance and powerful digital technology. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
We are all activists活动家 now.
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如今的我们,都是积极人士。
00:15
(Applause掌声)
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(鼓掌)
谢谢。
00:16
Thank you.
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00:18
I'll just stop here.
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看来我的演讲已经结束了。
00:20
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑)
从为了维持公立学校
办学基金的家庭,
00:21
From the families家庭 who are fighting战斗
to maintain保持 funding资金 for public上市 schools学校,
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00:26
the tens of thousands数千 of people
who joined加盟 Occupy占据 Wall Street
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到加入“占领华尔街”的成千上万人,
00:31
or marched游行 with Black黑色 Lives生活 Matter
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或者“Black Lives Matter”游行,
00:33
to protest抗议 police警察 brutality残酷
against反对 African非洲人 Americans美国人,
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抗议警察针对非洲籍美国人的暴行,
00:37
families家庭 that join加入 rallies集会,
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加入集会
00:40
pro-life亲生活 and pro-choice亲选择,
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反死刑,反堕胎的家庭,
00:43
those of us who are afraid害怕
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我们中那些担心
00:45
that our friends朋友 and neighbors邻居
are going to be deported被驱逐出境
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我们的朋友或者邻居
会因为穆斯林的身份
00:48
or that they'll他们会 be added添加 to lists名单
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而被驱除离境
或者被加入黑名单的人,
00:50
because they are Muslim穆斯林,
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00:53
people who advocate主张 for gun rights权利
and for gun control控制
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枪支权利和枪支控制支持者,
00:58
and the millions百万 of people
who joined加盟 the women's女士的 marches游行
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以及数百万的女权支持者,
在今年的1月份,他们的游行
遍布全美,轰轰烈烈。
01:02
all across横过 the country国家 this last January一月.
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01:04
(Applause掌声)
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(鼓掌)
01:07
We are all activists活动家 now,
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如今的我们都是积极人士,
01:09
and that means手段 that we all have something
to worry担心 about from surveillance监控.
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那意味着我们都会担心被监控。
01:15
Surveillance监控 means手段
government政府 collection采集 and use
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监控就是政府收集和运用
01:18
of private私人的 and sensitive敏感 data数据 about us.
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我们的私人敏感信息。
监控对司法
01:21
And surveillance监控 is essential必要
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01:23
to law enforcement强制
and to national国民 security安全.
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以及国防十分重要。
01:26
But the history历史 of surveillance监控
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但是监控的历史
01:28
is one that includes包括 surveillance监控 abuses滥用
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包括了滥用敏感信息,
01:31
where this sensitive敏感 information信息
has been used against反对 people
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以用来对付人民的事例,
因为他们的种族,
01:35
because of their race种族,
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01:36
their national国民 origin起源,
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血统,
01:38
their sexual有性 orientation方向,
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性取向,
01:40
and in particular特定,
because of their activism行动,
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特别是,他们的积极主张,
01:44
their political政治 beliefs信仰.
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以及政治信仰。
01:46
About 53 years年份 ago,
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53年前,
马丁路德金博士在华盛顿广场上
发表了他著名的演讲,
01:49
Dr博士. Martin马丁 Luther路德 King国王 JrJR.
gave his "I have a dream梦想" speech言语
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“我有一个梦”。
01:52
on the Mall购物中心 in Washington华盛顿.
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01:55
And today今天 the ideas思路 behind背后 this speech言语
of racial种族 equality平等 and tolerance公差
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现如今,这个讲演
背后的种族平等和容忍理念
01:59
are so noncontroversial无争议
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已经不再充满着敏感和批判,
02:01
that my daughters女儿
study研究 the speech言语 in third第三 grade年级.
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我女儿在3年级
就学习这个演讲了。
02:05
But at the time,
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但在那个时代,
02:06
Dr博士. King国王 was extremely非常 controversial争论的.
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马丁路德金是备受争议的。
02:09
The legendary传奇的 and notorious臭名昭著
FBI联邦调查局 Director导向器 J. Edgar埃德加 Hoover胡佛 believed相信,
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传说中臭名昭著的联邦调查局
局长埃德加·胡佛相信,
02:15
or wanted to believe,
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或愿意相信,
02:16
that the Civil国内 Rights Movement运动
was a Soviet苏联 communist共产 plot情节
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民权运动是一个
苏维埃共产主义阴谋,
02:20
intended to destabilize叫板
the American美国 government政府.
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意图破坏分裂美国政府。
02:24
And so Hoover胡佛 had his agents代理
put bugs虫子 in Dr博士. King's国王 hotel旅馆 rooms客房,
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于是,胡佛和他的特工把窃听器
放在金博士酒店的房间里,
02:30
and those bugs虫子 picked采摘的 up conversations对话
between之间 civil国内 rights权利 leaders领导者
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这些窃听器收集了
民权领导人之间的对话,
02:35
talking about the strategies策略 and tactics策略
of the Civil国内 Rights Movement运动.
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涉及到民权运动的战略和策略。
02:41
They also picked采摘的 up sounds声音 of Dr博士. King国王
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他们也收集了金博士
02:43
having sex性别 with women妇女
who were not his wife妻子,
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和其他女人有染的绯闻,
胡佛在这里发现了机会
02:46
and J. Edgar埃德加 Hoover胡佛
saw the opportunity机会 here
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02:48
to discredit怀疑 and undermine破坏
the Civil国内 Rights Movement运动.
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去诋毁和破坏民权运动。
02:53
The FBI联邦调查局 sent发送 a package of these recordings录音
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中央情报局把这些录音
和一封手写的信
打包寄给了金博士。
02:57
along沿 with a handwritten手写 note注意 to Dr博士. King国王,
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03:00
and a draft草案 of this note注意
was found发现 in FBI联邦调查局 archives档案 years年份 later后来,
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若干年后,该信的一份草稿
在中央情报局的档案中被发现,
03:07
and the letter said,
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信上说,
“你不是清白的,你也知道这点,
03:09
"You are no clergyman牧师 and you know it.
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03:11
King国王, like all frauds欺诈,
your end结束 is approaching接近."
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金,像所有骗子一样,
你就要完蛋了。“
03:16
The letter even seemed似乎
to encourage鼓励 Dr博士. King国王 to commit承诺 suicide自杀,
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这封信被认为是鼓励金博士自杀,
03:21
saying, "King国王, there is
only one thing left for you to do.
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信中说 “仅仅有一件事你可以做,
03:25
You know what it is.
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你知道是什么。
03:26
You better take it before
your filthy污秽, abnormal不正常, fraudulent骗人的 self
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你最好在自己的肮脏,
变态和欺诈行为
被暴露在于这个国家
之前采取行动。“
03:31
is bared裸露 to the nation国家."
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03:33
But the important重要 thing is,
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重要的是,
金博士只是普通人,
03:34
Dr博士. King国王 was not abnormal不正常.
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03:36
Every一切 one of us has something
that we want to hide隐藏 from somebody.
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我们每个人都有想隐瞒的事情。
03:42
And even more important重要,
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更重要的是,
03:43
J. Edgar埃德加 Hoover胡佛 wasn't abnormal不正常 either.
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胡佛也是个普通人。
03:47
The history历史 of surveillance监控 abuses滥用
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这起滥用监控的历史事件
03:49
is not the history历史
of one bad, megalomaniacal狂妄自大 man.
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不是一个心怀不轨的自大者的历史。
03:53
Throughout始终 his decades几十年 at the FBI联邦调查局,
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在中央情报局的几十年,
03:56
J. Edgar埃德加 Hoover胡佛 enjoyed享受 the support支持
of the presidents总统 that he served提供服务,
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胡佛得到了任命他的
美国总统的支持,
03:59
Democratic民主的 and Republican共和党人 alike一样.
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不论是民主党还是共和党。
04:02
After all, it was John约翰 F. Kennedy肯尼迪
and his brother哥哥 Robert罗伯特 Kennedy肯尼迪
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毕竟到最后,还是肯尼迪兄弟俩
04:06
who knew知道 about and approved批准
the surveillance监控 of Dr博士. King国王.
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批准了对金博士进行监控。
04:10
Hoover胡佛 ran a program程序
called COINTELPROCOINTELPRO for 15 years年份
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胡佛运行了一项
"反间谍计划"长达15年,
04:15
which哪一个 was designed设计
to spy间谍 on and undermine破坏 civic公民 groups
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用来窥视和破坏民进组织,
这些组织主要关注民权运动,
04:19
that were devoted忠诚
to things like civil国内 rights权利,
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妇女权利运动,
04:22
the Women's女士的 Rights Movement运动,
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04:24
and peace和平 groups and anti-war防战 movements运动.
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以及和平和反战运动。
监控并没有就此停止。
04:27
And the surveillance监控 didn't stop there.
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04:29
Lyndon林登 Baines贝恩斯 Johnson约翰逊,
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Lyndon Baines Johnson
04:31
during the election选举 campaign运动,
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在竞选期间
04:33
had the campaign运动 airplane飞机
of his rival对手 Barry巴里 Goldwater金水 bugged窃听
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通过窃听竞争对手Barry Goldwater
在飞机上的谈话
04:39
as part部分 of his effort功夫
to win赢得 that election选举.
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获胜当选。
04:43
And then, of course课程, there was Watergate水门事件.
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之后,当然就是水门事件。
04:47
Burglars窃贼 were caught抓住
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窃贼们被抓住了,
04:49
breaking破坏 into the Democratic民主的
National国民 Committee委员会 headquarters司令部
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他们闯入在水门酒店的
04:51
at the Watergate水门事件 Hotel旅馆,
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全国民主委员会总部,
04:53
the Nixon尼克松 administration行政 was involved参与
in covering覆盖 up the burglary窃案,
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而尼克松因为其政府卷入了
04:57
and eventually终于 Nixon尼克松
had to step down as president主席.
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试图掩盖窃听的行动
而被迫辞职。
05:02
COINTELPROCOINTELPRO and Watergate水门事件
were a wake-up醒来 call for Americans美国人.
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“反间谍计划”和水门事件
为美国敲响了警钟。
05:06
Surveillance监控 was out of control控制
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监控已经失控了,
05:08
and it was being存在 used
to squelch哗啦哗啦地 political政治 challengers挑战者.
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而且正在被用来压制政治挑战者。
05:13
And so Americans美国人 rose玫瑰 to the occasion场合
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于是美国人乘势而起,
05:15
and what we did was
we reformed改革 surveillance监控 law.
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改革了监控法。
05:20
And the primary tool工具 we used
to reform改革 surveillance监控 law
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我们用来改革监控法的主要工具是,
05:24
was to require要求 a search搜索 warrant保证
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要求提供搜查令,
05:27
for the government政府 to be able能够 to get
access访问 to our phone电话 calls电话 and our letters.
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政府才能查看我们的电话和信件。
05:33
Now, the reason原因 why
a search搜索 warrant保证 is important重要
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为什么搜查令如此重要,
05:36
is because it interposes介于 a judge法官
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是因为法庭介入了
调查人员和公民的关系中,
05:38
in the relationship关系
between之间 investigators调查 and the citizens公民,
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法庭的作用是确认
05:42
and that judge's法官 job工作 is to make sure
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05:45
that there's good cause原因
for the surveillance监控,
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有很好的理由行使监控权,
05:48
that the surveillance监控
is targeted针对 at the right people,
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监控只针对适用的对象,
05:51
and that the information信息 that's collected
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而收集来的信息
会被政府合法使用,
05:54
is going to be used
for legitimate合法 government政府 purposes目的
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不带有歧视性的目的。
05:57
and not for discriminatory歧视 ones那些.
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这就是我们曾经的系统,
06:00
This was our system系统,
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06:02
and what this means手段 is
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它意味着
奥巴马总统没有窃听特朗普大楼。
06:03
that President主席 Obama奥巴马
did not wiretap窃听 Trump王牌 Tower.
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06:07
The system系统 is set up to prevent避免
something like that from happening事件
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系统是在没有法官介入的情况下
被用来防止旧事重演的。
06:12
without a judge法官 being存在 involved参与.
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06:14
But what happens发生 when we're not talking
about phone电话 calls电话 or letters anymore?
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然而,当我们不再谈论电话和
信件监控,又会发生什么呢?
06:20
Today今天, we have technology技术
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今天我们拥有的技术能让
政府用更加廉价和简易的
方式针对普通人
06:23
that makes品牌 it cheap低廉 and easy简单
for the government政府 to collect搜集 information信息
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06:27
on ordinary普通 everyday每天 people.
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搜集信息。
06:30
Your phone电话 call records记录
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你的电话记录
能够揭示你是否是瘾君子,
06:33
can reveal揭示 whether是否 you have an addiction,
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06:36
what your religion宗教 is,
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你的信仰是什么,
06:38
what charities慈善机构 you donate to,
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你捐助哪个慈善组织,
06:41
what political政治 candidate候选人 you support支持.
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支持哪个政党候选人。
06:44
And yet然而, our government政府
collected, dragnet-style天罗地网式,
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没错,我们的政府拉网式收集了
06:48
Americans'美国人 calling调用 records记录 for years年份.
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美国人多年的电话记录。
06:52
In 2012, the Republican共和党人
National国民 Convention惯例
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在2012年,共和党全国代表大会
06:56
highlighted突出 a new technology技术
it was planning规划 to use,
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强调了即将使用的一种新科技,
06:59
facial面部 recognition承认,
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用面部识别
07:01
to identify鉴定 people
who were going to be in the crowd人群
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去找出人群中可能潜藏的
07:04
who might威力 be activists活动家 or troublemakers闹事
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激进分子或者肇事者,
并提前中止他们的行动。
07:06
and to stop them ahead of time.
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07:09
Today今天, over 50 percent百分 of American美国 adults成年人
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当今,有超过50%的
美国成年人的面部图像
被保存在政府的数据系统中。
07:12
have their faceprint印记
in a government政府 database数据库.
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07:15
The Bureau of Alcohol,
Tobacco烟草, Firearms枪械 and Explosives炸药
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美国烟酒枪炮及爆炸物管理局
07:19
concocted炮制 a plan计划
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炮制了一个计划,
07:20
to find out what Americans美国人
were going to gun shows节目
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通过用车牌检测器
07:24
by using运用 license执照 plate盘子 detectors探测器
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在各个活动的停车场
07:26
to scan扫描 the license执照 plates of cars汽车
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扫描汽车牌照
07:29
that were in the parking停車處 lots
of these events事件.
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来判断什么样的美国人
会去枪支秀。
07:31
Today今天, we believe that over 70 percent百分
of police警察 departments部门
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如今,我们相信
有超过70%的警察部门
07:36
have automatic自动 license执照 plate盘子
detection发现 technology技术
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都有自动牌照检测技术,
07:39
that they're using运用 to track跟踪 people's人们 cars汽车
as they drive驾驶 through通过 town.
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当人们开车进城时进行车辆追踪。
07:43
And all of this information信息,
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所有这些信息,
07:46
the license执照 plates, the faceprints面部印记,
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车牌,面部记录,
07:49
the phone电话 records记录,
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电话记录,
07:51
your address地址 books图书, your buddy伙伴 lists名单,
144
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你的地址和好友名单,
通过Dropbox和谷歌照片上传的照片,
07:54
the photos相片 that you upload上载
to DropboxDropbox的 or Google谷歌 Photos相片,
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07:58
and sometimes有时 even
your chats聊天记录 and your emails电子邮件
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有时甚至是聊天和邮件
08:02
are not protected保护
by a warrant保证 requirement需求.
147
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都不受搜查令的保护。
08:05
So what that means手段 is we have
all of this information信息 on regular定期 people
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那么,这就意味着我们普通人的信息
08:11
that's newly available可得到
at very low expense费用.
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将会被政府以最小的代价
轻而易举地获得。
08:15
It is the golden金色 age年龄 for surveillance监控.
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现在是监听的黄金岁月。
08:18
Now, every一切 parent is going
to understand理解 what this means手段.
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每个家长能都会明白这意味着什么。
08:23
When you have a little baby宝宝
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当你有个小婴儿,
婴儿很小的时候,
08:25
and the baby's宝宝 young年轻,
153
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1936
08:27
that child儿童 is not able能够
to climb out of its crib婴儿床.
154
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不能爬出婴儿床。
08:31
But eventually终于 your little girl女孩 gets得到 older旧的
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但最终你的小女儿会长大,
08:34
and she's able能够 to climb out of the crib婴儿床,
156
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能爬出婴儿床了,
08:37
but you tell her,
"Don't climb out of the crib婴儿床. OK?"
157
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但是你说“不要爬出来,可以吗?”
08:40
And every一切 parent knows知道
what's going to happen发生.
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每个父母都知道会发生什么
08:43
Some of those babies婴儿
are going to climb out of the crib婴儿床.
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一些孩子还是会爬出来。
08:46
Right? That's the difference区别
between之间 ability能力 and permission允许.
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这是能力和许可的区别。
08:50
Well, the same相同 thing is true真正
with the government政府 today今天.
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政府也在做同样的事。
08:52
It used to be that our government政府
didn't have the ability能力
162
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以前的政府没有这个能力
08:55
to do widespread广泛, massive大规模的 surveillance监控
on hundreds数以百计 of millions百万 of Americans美国人
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去广泛地,大规模地
监控几百万美国人,
并且滥用他们的信息。
08:59
and then abuse滥用 that information信息.
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09:01
But now our government政府 has grown长大的 up,
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而如今我们的政府正在壮大,
09:03
and we have that technology技术 today今天.
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1960
我们今天已经有了合适的技术。
09:06
The government政府 has the ability能力,
167
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政府有这个能力,
09:08
and that means手段 the law
is more important重要 than ever before.
168
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这就意味着法律比以往更加重要。
09:12
The law is supposed应该 to say
169
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法律应该明确
09:14
when the government政府
has permission允许 to do it,
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哪些是政府可以监听的情况,
09:18
and it's supposed应该 to ensure确保
that there's some kind of ramification分枝.
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同时确保不遵守法律
而衍生的后果。
我们能够注意到当这些
法律没有被遵守时,
09:22
We notice注意 when those laws法律 are broken破碎
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09:24
and there's some of kind of
ramification分枝 or punishment惩罚.
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就会有些后果和惩罚。
09:27
The law is more important重要 than ever
because we are now living活的 in a world世界
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法律比以往任何时期都重要,
因为我们如今生活在一个
只有法律能阻止政府滥用信息的
09:31
where only rules规则
are stopping停止 the government政府
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世界中。
09:33
from abusing滥用 this information信息.
176
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09:35
But the law has fallen堕落 down on the job工作.
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但法律并没有发挥其应有的作用。
09:37
Particularly尤其 since以来 September九月 11
the law has fallen堕落 down on the job工作,
178
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特别是从911以来,
法律就失去了效力,
09:41
and we do not have
the rules规则 in place地点 that we need.
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我们在需要秩序的时候,
秩序却不在我们身边。
09:45
And we are seeing眼看
the ramifications后果 of that.
180
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今天我们已经看到了
这样的局面造成的结果。
09:48
So fusion聚变 centers中心
are these joint联合 task任务 forces军队
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融合中心的任务应该是
09:51
between之间 local本地, state
and federal联邦 government政府
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在本地、州和联邦政府之间
09:53
that are meant意味着 to ferret out
domestic国内 terrorism恐怖主义.
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联合搜寻国内恐怖主义活动。
我们在融合中心的报告中看到,
09:57
And what we've我们已经 seen看到
is fusion聚变 center中央 reports报告
184
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09:59
that say that you might威力 be dangerous危险
185
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如果你投票给第三方候选人,
10:03
if you voted for a third-party第三方 candidate候选人,
186
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或者有一面“不要践踏我”的国旗,
10:06
or you own拥有 a "Don't Tread On Me" flag,
187
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3176
或者收看了反对税收的电影,
10:09
or you watched看着 movies电影 that are anti-tax反税.
188
597520
3760
你就可能有麻烦了。
这些融合中心暗中监视
穆斯林群体的阅读清单,
10:13
These same相同 fusion聚变 centers中心 have spied窥探
on Muslim穆斯林 community社区 groups' reading lists名单
189
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4776
10:18
and on Quakers贵格会 who are resisting抵制
military军事 recruiting招聘 in high schools学校.
190
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那些抵制高中军事招募的“贵格会”。
10:24
The Internal内部 Revenue收入 Service服务
has disproportionately不成比例 audited审计
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国税局有针对性地审查过
名称中有“茶党”或者“爱国者”的组织。
10:28
groups that have "Tea Party派对"
or "Patriot爱国者" in their name名称.
192
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3656
10:32
And now customs海关 and border边境 patrol巡逻
193
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海关和边防巡逻队
10:35
is stopping停止 people
as they come into the country国家
194
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2776
正在拦截进入这个国家的人们,
10:37
and demanding严格 our social社会
networking联网 passwords密码
195
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向我们索取社交网站的密码,
10:41
which哪一个 will allow允许 them
to see who our friends朋友 are,
196
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2576
他们可以看我们的朋友是谁,
10:43
what we say
197
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我们说什么,
10:45
and even to impersonate模仿 us online线上.
198
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甚至在线模拟我们的言行。
10:48
Now, civil国内 libertarians自由主义者 like myself
199
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像我这样的公民自由主义者
10:51
have been trying to draw
people's人们 attention注意 to these things
200
639200
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多年来一直都在试图让人们
认识到自己的处境,
并与这些行为进行抗争。
10:55
and fighting战斗 against反对 them for years年份.
201
643360
2576
10:57
This was a huge巨大 problem问题
during the Obama奥巴马 administration行政,
202
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4200
这是奥巴马政府期间
就存在的巨大问题,
11:02
but now the problem问题 is worse更差.
203
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然而现在,这个问题更糟了。
11:06
When the New York纽约 Police警察 Department
204
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当纽约警察局
11:09
spies间谍 on Muslims穆斯林
205
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暗中监视穆斯林,
11:10
or a police警察 department
uses使用 license执照 plate盘子 detectors探测器
206
658720
3856
或者用车牌检测器
11:14
to find out where
the officers'长官' spouses配偶 are
207
662600
3896
找出军官的配偶在哪里,
11:18
or those sorts排序 of things,
208
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或者其他类似的事情,
这非常危险。
11:19
that is extremely非常 dangerous危险.
209
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11:21
But when a president主席 repurposesrepurposes the power功率
210
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但是当总统重新运用
11:25
of federal联邦 surveillance监控
and the federal联邦 government政府
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联邦监控权和联邦政府,
11:27
to retaliate报复 against反对 political政治 opposition反对,
212
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对反对派进行报复,
这就是暴政。
11:30
that is a tyranny暴政.
213
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1200
11:32
And so we are all activists活动家 now,
214
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如今的我们都是积极人士,
11:36
and we all have something
to fear恐惧 from surveillance监控.
215
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3320
我们都会对监视感到恐惧。
11:40
But just like in the time
of Dr博士. Martin马丁 Luther路德 King国王,
216
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3776
但就像马丁路德金说的那样,
我们可以做出改变。
11:44
we can reform改革 the way things are.
217
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11:47
First of all, use encryption加密.
218
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2400
首先,运用加密,
11:51
Encryption加密 protects保护 your information信息
219
699120
2896
加密来保护自己的信息,
防止信息在我们毫无防备的情况下
被人轻易地收集。
11:54
from being存在 inexpensively廉价
and opportunistically机会主义 collected.
220
702040
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让监视的黄金时代滚蛋。
11:58
It rolls劳斯莱斯 back the golden金色 age年龄
for surveillance监控.
221
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12:04
Second第二, support支持 surveillance监控 reform改革.
222
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第二,支持监控法改革。
12:07
Did you know that if you have a friend朋友
223
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你是否知道,如果你有一个朋友
12:09
who works作品 for the French法国
or German德语 governments政府
224
717920
3096
为法国或者德国政府,
或者国际人权组织,
12:13
or for an international国际 human人的 rights权利 group
225
721040
3136
或者跨国石油公司工作,
12:16
or for a global全球 oil company公司
226
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3376
12:19
that your friend朋友 is a valid有效
foreign国外 intelligence情报 target目标?
227
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3960
你的朋友就成了情报局的目标?
12:23
And what that means手段 is that when
you have conversations对话 with that friend朋友,
228
731920
4136
这意味着,当你和那个人交流时,
12:28
the US government政府
may可能 be collecting搜集 that information信息.
229
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3160
美国政府就可能在收集信息。
12:32
And when that information信息 is collected,
230
740320
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当信息被收集后,
即便是在美国人之间的对话,
12:35
even though虽然 it's
conversations对话 with Americans美国人,
231
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2176
12:37
it can then be funneled漏斗状的 to the FBI联邦调查局
232
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在中情局允许的地方,
也会被中情局在
没有搜查令的情况下
12:40
where the FBI联邦调查局 is allowed允许
to search搜索 through通过 it
233
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进行排查,
12:43
without getting得到 a warrant保证,
234
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1376
12:44
without probable可能 cause原因,
235
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而且不需要合适理由。
12:46
looking for information信息 about Americans美国人
236
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他们会搜查美国公民的信息,
12:48
and whatever随你 crimes犯罪 we may可能 have committed提交
237
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以及我们曾经可能有过的犯罪记录,
12:52
with no need to document文件
any kind of suspicion怀疑.
238
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而不需要对任何的怀疑进行记录。
12:55
The law that allows允许 some of this to happen发生
239
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FISA修正法案的第702条
12:58
is called Section部分 702
of the FISAFISA Amendments修订 Act法案,
240
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就是这一切的罪魁祸首。
我们今年还有机会改变这一局面。
13:03
and we have a great opportunity机会 this year,
241
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2536
因为到2017年年底,该法案就将过期,
13:05
because Section部分 702
is going to expire到期 at the end结束 of 2017,
242
773600
4736
13:10
which哪一个 means手段 that
Congress's国会 inertia惯性 is on our side
243
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4616
意味着如果我们希望改革,
13:15
if we want reform改革.
244
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国会会站在我们一边。
13:16
And we can pressure压力 our representatives代表
245
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我们可以向代表人施压,
13:20
to actually其实 implement实行
important重要 reforms改革 to this law
246
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执行对这个法律的重要改革,
13:23
and protect保护 our data数据
from this redirection重定向 and misuse滥用.
247
791840
3360
保护我们的数据被误导和滥用。
13:28
And finally最后, one of the reasons原因
why things have gotten得到 so out of control控制
248
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最后,一切都已经超出
掌控范围的原因之一,
13:33
is because so much
of what happens发生 with surveillance监控 --
249
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是太多跟监听有关的事物——
13:36
the technology技术, the enabling启用 rules规则
and the policies政策
250
804520
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比如能够,以及尚不能够
保护我们的科技,授权和政策——
13:41
that are either there
or not there to protect保护 us --
251
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3576
13:44
are secret秘密 or classified分类.
252
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2416
都是保密的。
我们需要透明,作为
美国公民,我们有权知道
13:47
We need transparency透明度,
and we need to know as Americans美国人
253
815120
4216
政府以我们的名义做了什么,
13:51
what the government政府 is doing in our name名称
254
819360
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13:53
so that the surveillance监控 that takes place地点
and the use of that information信息
255
821920
4576
这样所有的监听事件,搜集的信息
13:58
is democratically民主地 accounted for.
256
826520
2480
都会需要民主的解释。
14:02
We are all activists活动家 now,
257
830400
2096
我们都是积极人士,
14:04
which哪一个 means手段 that we all have something
to worry担心 about from surveillance监控.
258
832520
3640
我们都担心会被监控。
14:08
But like in the time
of Dr博士. Martin马丁 Luther路德 King国王,
259
836720
3416
但就像马丁路德金的年代,
我们能够做出改变。
14:12
there is stuff东东 that we can do about it.
260
840160
2296
加入我,一起行动起来吧。
14:14
So please join加入 me, and let's get to work.
261
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14:19
Thank you.
262
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谢谢。
(鼓掌)
14:20
(Applause掌声)
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Translated by xiao gu
Reviewed by Lydia Yu

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jennifer Granick - Surveillance and cybersecurity counsel
Jennifer Granick fights for civil liberties in the age of surveillance and powerful digital technology.

Why you should listen

As surveillance and cybersecurity counsel with the ACLU's Speech, Privacy and Technology Project, Jennifer Granick litigates, speaks and writes about privacy, security, technology and constitutional rights. Granick is the author of the book American Spies: Modern Surveillance, Why You Should Care, and What To Do About It, published by Cambridge Press and winner of the 2016 Palmer Civil Liberties Prize. 

Granick spent much of her career helping create Stanford Law School's Center for Internet and Society. From 2001 to 2007, she was Executive Director of CIS and founded the Cyberlaw Clinic, where she supervised students in working on some of the most important cyberlaw cases that took place during her tenure. She was the primary crafter of a 2006 exception to the Digital Millennium Copyright Act which allows mobile telephone owners to legally circumvent the firmware locking their device to a single carrier. From 2012 to 2017, Granick was Civil Liberties Director specializing in and teaching surveillance law, cybersecurity, encryption policy and the Fourth Amendment. In that capacity, she has published widely on US government surveillance practices and helped educate judges and congressional staffers on these issues. Granick also served as the Civil Liberties Director at the Electronic Frontier Foundation from 2007-2010. Earlier in her career, Granick spent almost a decade practicing criminal defense law in California. 

Granick’s work is well-known in privacy and security circles. Her keynote, "Lifecycle of a Revolution" for the 2015 Black Hat USA security conference electrified and depressed the audience in equal measure. In March of 2016, she received Duo Security’s Women in Security Academic Award for her expertise in the field as well as her direction and guidance for young women in the security industry. Senator Ron Wyden (D-Ore) has called Granick an "NBA all-star of surveillance law."

More profile about the speaker
Jennifer Granick | Speaker | TED.com

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