TEDMED 2013
Mick Cornett: How an obese town lost a million pounds
米克·科尼特: 一個擁有過多肥胖人口的城市是怎樣減掉一百萬磅的
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
1,693,177 views
俄克拉荷馬市是座不大不小的城市，卻有著龐大的問題:它是全美擁有最多過胖人口的城市之一。市長米克·科尼特認識到若要讓他的城市變成工作和生活得好地方，得更健康些才行。在這次充滿魅力的演講中，他帶領我們見證如何在環環相扣，面面俱到的改變下，幫助俄克拉荷馬市一起甩掉一百萬磅 (45萬公斤)。
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
How many of you have been to Oklahoma City?
0
312
2173
你們當中有幾位到過俄克拉荷馬市?
00:14
Raise your hand. Yeah?
1
2485
1290
請舉一下手
00:15
How many of you have not been to Oklahoma City
2
3775
2149
有幾位沒到過俄克拉荷馬市
00:17
and have no idea who I am? (Laughter)
3
5924
4009
而且完全不清楚我是誰? (笑聲)
00:21
Most of you. Let me give you
a little bit of background.
a little bit of background.
4
9933
2798
大部分的人啊 那給個背景資料好了
00:24
Oklahoma City started in the most
5
12731
2442
俄克拉荷馬市以十分特別
00:27
unique way imaginable.
6
15173
1768
想都想不到的方式崛起
00:28
Back on a spring day in 1889,
7
16941
2822
在1889年的春天
00:31
the federal government held what they called
8
19763
1587
聯邦政府用他們稱為
00:33
a land run.
9
21350
1759
「土地開跑」的方式開放土地
00:35
They literally lined up the settlers
10
23109
1694
他們直接請移民者排好隊
00:36
along an imaginary line,
11
24803
1623
在假想線上
00:38
and they fired off a gun,
12
26426
1425
然後下令放一槍
00:39
and the settlers roared across the countryside
13
27851
1785
移居人就開始咆哮奔馳過郊外
00:41
and put down a stake,
14
29636
2116
然後叉下一根棒子
00:43
and wherever they put down that stake,
15
31752
1536
所到之處叉下的那根棒子
00:45
that was their new home.
16
33288
1708
就成了他們的新家
00:46
And at the end of the very first day,
17
34996
2370
就在那天結束前
00:49
the population of Oklahoma City
18
37366
1750
俄克拉荷馬市的人口
00:51
had gone from zero to 10,000,
19
39116
3906
從零迅速增到一萬多人
00:55
and our planning department
20
43022
1341
而我們的企劃部
00:56
is still paying for that.
21
44363
3920
至今仍在為此買單
01:00
The citizens got together on that first day
22
48283
2497
當天人民也聚在一起
01:02
and elected a mayor.
23
50780
2252
推選了一位做市長
01:05
And then they shot him.
24
53032
1807
然後把他給槍殺了
01:06
(Laughter)
25
54839
4649
(笑聲)
01:11
That's not really all that funny
26
59947
2483
這可不好笑
01:14
-- (Laughter) --
27
62430
1504
--(笑聲)--
01:15
but it allows me to see what type of audience
28
63934
1920
但讓我更清楚我的觀眾屬哪類
01:17
I'm dealing with, so I appreciate the feedback.
29
65854
4362
所以很感謝您的反饋
01:22
The 20th century was fairly kind to Oklahoma City.
30
70216
2777
20世紀待俄克拉荷馬市不薄
01:24
Our economy was based on commodities,
31
72993
2461
我們的經濟建立在商品上
01:27
so the price of cotton or the price of wheat,
32
75454
2799
包括棉花的價格，小麥的價格
01:30
and ultimately the price of oil and natural gas.
33
78253
3313
最後到油價和天然氣的價格
01:33
And along the way, we became a city
34
81566
2112
這一路上，我們變成一座
01:35
of innovation.
35
83678
2046
充滿創新的城市
01:37
The shopping cart was invented in Oklahoma City.
36
85724
3873
購物手推車是由俄克拉荷馬市的
01:41
(Applause)
37
89597
5140
(鼓掌)
01:46
The parking meter, invented in Oklahoma City.
38
94737
5300
停車收費器也是俄克拉荷馬市發明的
01:52
You're welcome.
39
100037
3746
別客氣
01:55
Having an economy, though,
40
103783
1696
建立在日用品上的經濟
01:57
that relates to commodities
can give you some ups and some downs,
can give you some ups and some downs,
41
105479
3147
會一直給你跌跌幅幅
02:00
and that was certainly the case
in Oklahoma City's history.
in Oklahoma City's history.
42
108626
2597
確實也在俄克拉荷馬市的歷史上發生過
02:03
In the 1970s, when it appeared
43
111223
2357
1970年
02:05
that the price of energy would never retreat,
44
113580
1823
能源的價格不斷衝高
02:07
our economy was soaring,
45
115403
1734
我們的經濟也因此受惠
02:09
and then in the early 1980s, it cratered quickly.
46
117137
3582
到了80年初，經濟迅速降溫
02:12
The price of energy dropped.
47
120719
2471
能源價下滑
02:15
Our banks began to fail.
48
123190
1752
我們的銀行開始關門大吉
02:16
Before the end of the decade,
49
124942
1558
要到80年末時
02:18
100 banks had failed in the state of Oklahoma.
50
126500
3887
俄克拉荷馬市已有一百家銀行倒閉
02:22
There was no bailout on the horizon.
51
130387
2551
盼望不到任何緊急援助
02:24
Our banking industry, our oil and gas industry,
52
132938
2305
我們的銀行業，石油和氣油產業，
02:27
our commercial real estate industry,
53
135243
2036
商業房產產業
02:29
were all at the bottom of the economic scale.
54
137279
3203
全都陷入經濟的谷底
02:32
Young people were leaving Oklahoma City in droves
55
140482
2645
年輕人成群結隊地離開俄克拉荷馬市
02:35
for Washington and Dallas and Houston
and New York and Tokyo,
and New York and Tokyo,
56
143127
2915
到華盛頓、達拉斯、休斯頓、紐約、東京等城市
02:38
anywhere where they could
find a job that measured up
find a job that measured up
57
146042
2107
任何能讓他們找到工作的地方
02:40
to their educational attainment,
58
148149
1671
讓自己的學識派上用場的地方
02:41
because in Oklahoma City,
the good jobs just weren't there.
the good jobs just weren't there.
59
149820
3231
因為在俄克拉荷馬市，好工作已不復存在了
02:45
But along at the end of the '80s
60
153051
1716
但到了80年代後期
02:46
came an enterprising businessman
61
154767
2828
來了一位富有膽識的企業家
02:49
who became mayor named Ron Norick.
62
157595
2009
事後成了市長 他叫羅納德•諾裡克
02:51
Ron Norick eventually figured out
63
159604
1747
羅納德•諾裡克最後發現
02:53
that the secret to economic development
64
161351
1937
經濟發展的秘密
02:55
wasn't incentivizing companies up front,
65
163288
2161
首要做的並不是先給予公司獎勵
02:57
it was about creating a place
where businesses wanted to locate,
where businesses wanted to locate,
66
165449
3054
而是創造一個企業會想來長駐的地方
03:00
and so he pushed an initiative called MAPS
67
168503
3012
所以他推動了「都會區域計畫」(MAPS)
03:03
that basically was a penny-on-the-dollar sales tax
68
171515
2405
基本上就是每一美元就收走一分錢的銷售稅
03:05
to build a bunch of stuff.
69
173920
2312
作為建造的用途
03:08
It built a new sports arena,
70
176232
1975
建造了新的運動場
03:10
a new canal downtown,
71
178207
2179
建造了位於城市商業區的新運河
03:12
it fixed up our performing arts center,
72
180386
2361
修繕了我們的表演藝術中心
03:14
a new baseball stadium downtown,
73
182747
2667
位於城市商業區新的棒球場
03:17
a lot of things to improve the quality of life.
74
185414
1844
許多作為以改善生活品質
03:19
And the economy indeed seemed to start
75
187258
2413
然後經濟好像也確實開始
03:21
showing some signs of life.
76
189671
2032
顯現一些生命力
03:23
The next mayor came along.
77
191703
2358
接著下一任的市長上任了
03:26
He started MAPS for Kids,
78
194061
1777
他開始為孩子推出「都會區域計畫」
03:27
rebuilt the entire inner city school system,
79
195838
2727
重建整座內都市的學制
03:30
all 75 buildings either built anew or refurbished.
80
198565
4754
全部75棟建築物不是新建就是翻修
03:35
And then, in 2004,
81
203319
3221
接下來，到了2004年
03:38
in this rare collective lack of judgment
82
206540
4704
在看法上極少有交集的居民
03:43
bordering on civil disobedience,
83
211244
2628
對政府大都採取不合作的態度
03:45
the citizens elected me mayor.
84
213872
3968
他們推選我作市長
03:49
Now the city I inherited
85
217840
2204
現在我繼承的這座城市
03:52
was just on the verge
86
220044
1844
才剛要從
03:53
of coming out of its slumbering economy,
87
221888
3401
經濟不振的邊緣站出來
03:57
and for the very first time,
88
225289
1691
我們頭一次
03:58
we started showing up on the lists.
89
226980
3139
出現在排名的列表上
04:02
Now you know the lists I'm talking about.
90
230119
2017
現在你就懂我說的是什麼列表了
04:04
The media and the Internet
91
232136
1783
就是媒體和網路
04:05
love to rank cities.
92
233919
2546
喜好為城市排名
04:08
And in Oklahoma City,
93
236465
2075
而俄克拉荷馬市
04:10
we'd never really been on lists before.
94
238540
2681
之前從未真的列入任何排名
04:13
So I thought it was kind of cool
95
241221
1706
我直覺這還挺酷的
04:14
when they came out with these
positive lists and we were on there.
positive lists and we were on there.
96
242927
2696
我們的名字出現在這些正面的排名上
04:17
We weren't anywhere close to the top,
97
245623
1698
雖然與第一名相差甚遠
04:19
but we were on the list, we were somebody.
98
247321
3497
但卻出現在排名上，我們是大人物了
04:22
Best city to get a job,
99
250818
1830
我們成了就業的最佳城市
04:24
best city to start a business,
100
252648
2015
創業的最佳城市
04:26
best downtown --
101
254663
1793
最棒的城市商業區
04:28
Oklahoma City.
102
256456
2474
就在俄克拉荷馬市
04:30
And then came the list
103
258930
3305
緊接著出現這樣的排名
04:34
of the most obese cities in the country.
104
262235
5546
美國過胖人口最多的城市
04:39
And there we were.
105
267781
3103
赫然地發現我們的名字
04:42
Now I like to point out that we were on that list
106
270884
2144
我想跟你們說眀那排名表上
04:45
with a lot of really cool places.
107
273028
2498
我們還跟許多很酷的城市排名在一起
04:47
(Laughter)
108
275526
1223
(笑聲)
04:48
Dallas and Houston and New Orleans
109
276749
3256
達拉斯、休斯頓、紐奧良
04:52
and Atlanta and Miami.
110
280005
1710
亞特蘭大和邁阿密
04:53
You know, these are cities that, typically,
111
281715
1497
你也知道，跟這些城市排名在一起
04:55
you're not embarrassed to be associated with.
112
283212
2648
普通並不會感到尷尬的
04:57
But nonetheless, I didn't like being on the list.
113
285860
4268
但我仍舊不喜歡出現在那份排名表上
05:02
And about that time, I got on the scales.
114
290128
4345
就在那個時候，我踏上體重機
05:06
And I weighed 220 pounds.
115
294473
2126
我的體重達220磅
05:08
And then I went to this website
116
296599
1503
然後我就去到一個網站
05:10
sponsored by the federal government,
117
298102
1850
由聯邦政府贊助的
05:11
and I typed in my height, I typed in my weight,
118
299952
3673
鍵入我的身高，體重
05:15
and I pushed Enter,
119
303625
1329
然後按鍵盤上的「輸入」按鍵
05:16
and it came back and said "obese."
120
304954
4050
緊接著出現回覆:「過胖」
05:21
I thought, "What a stupid website."
121
309004
2253
我心想:「這網站可蠢爆了。」
05:23
(Laughter)
122
311257
2875
(笑聲)
05:26
"I'm not obese. I would know if I was obese."
123
314132
6245
心想:「我哪裡胖過頭了，若我有又怎可能不自知呢!」
05:32
And then I started getting honest with myself
124
320377
2491
然後我開始誠誠實實的面對自己
05:34
about what had become
my lifelong struggle with obesity,
my lifelong struggle with obesity,
125
322868
4926
這也造就了我與肥胖的終生對抗
05:39
and I noticed this pattern,
126
327794
1880
然後我注意到此模式
05:41
that I was gaining about two or three pounds a year,
127
329674
2691
那就是我每年體重就會增加2到3磅
05:44
and then about every 10 years,
I'd drop 20 or 30 pounds.
I'd drop 20 or 30 pounds.
128
332365
3306
然後每10年，我就會甩掉20到30磅
05:47
And then I'd do it again.
129
335671
1562
然後整個循環再度開始
05:49
And I had this huge closet full of clothes,
130
337233
2333
我有超大的衣櫃，裝滿了衣服
05:51
and I could only wear a third of it at any one time,
131
339566
3367
每次都只穿的下衣櫃裡3分之1的衣裳
05:54
and only I knew which part of the closet I could wear.
132
342933
4112
而且也只有我心知肚明
衣櫃裡哪部分是我穿得下的
衣櫃裡哪部分是我穿得下的
05:59
But it all seemed fairly normal, going through it.
133
347045
5550
但當年也沒覺得哪不對勁，感覺挺正常的
06:04
Well, I finally decided I needed to lose weight,
134
352595
3082
總之，我終於下定決心我需要減重
06:07
and I knew I could because
I'd done it so many times before,
I'd done it so many times before,
135
355677
2417
過去無數減重的經驗告訴我做得到
06:10
so I simply stopped eating as much.
136
358094
2238
我很單純的減少飲食的量
06:12
I had always exercised.
137
360332
1255
我一直都有做運動
06:13
That really wasn't the part of the equation
138
361587
1875
所以運動並不是
06:15
that I needed to work on.
139
363462
1913
我最需要努力的地方
06:17
But I had been eating 3,000 calories a day,
140
365375
2829
但我一天吃進3,000多的卡路里
06:20
and I cut it to 2,000 calories a day,
141
368204
2282
我把它降到一天2,000多的卡路里
06:22
and the weight came off. I lost about a pound a week
142
370486
2891
體重開始下降兒－每週減一磅
06:25
for about 40 weeks.
143
373377
3906
就這樣持續了40週
06:29
Along the way, though,
144
377283
1545
就在這期間
06:30
I started examining my city,
145
378828
4020
我開始仔細勘察我的城市
06:34
its culture, its infrastructure,
146
382848
3496
它的文化，它的基礎建設
06:38
trying to figure out why our specific city
147
386344
2892
絞盡腦筋想要了解
06:41
seemed to have a problem with obesity.
148
389236
4399
怎麼我們的城市會有過胖的問題
06:45
And I came to the conclusion
149
393635
2176
然後我下了結論
06:47
that we had built an incredible quality of life
150
395811
3858
那就是我們建造了最佳的生活品質
06:51
if you happen to be a car.
151
399669
3420
如果你恰好是一輛車的話
06:55
(Laughter)
152
403089
3235
(笑聲)
06:58
But if you happen to be a person,
153
406324
3540
但若你是人的話
07:01
you are combatting the car seemingly at every turn.
154
409864
4569
似乎每轉個彎都能碰到車
07:06
Our city is very spread out.
155
414433
2273
我們的城市遼闊無際
07:08
We have a great intersection of highways,
156
416706
3555
我們的公路擁有很棒的十字路口
07:12
I mean, literally no traffic congestion
in Oklahoma City to speak of.
in Oklahoma City to speak of.
157
420261
3614
俄克拉荷馬市根本就沒有
「交通堵塞」這四個字眼
「交通堵塞」這四個字眼
07:15
And so people live far, far away.
158
423875
2211
所以人們都住得很遠
07:18
Our city limits are enormous, 620 square miles,
159
426086
3585
我們城市的車速路程很長－ 620平方英里
07:21
but 15 miles is less than 15 minutes.
160
429671
3545
也就是說行駛15英里的路花不到15分鐘
07:25
You literally can get a speeding ticket
161
433216
1935
若這情況發生在俄克拉荷馬市的塞車尖峰時段
07:27
during rush hour in Oklahoma City.
162
435151
3597
是會被開超速的罰單
07:30
And as a result, people tend to spread out.
163
438748
2497
結果人們都傾向於住得很遠
07:33
Land's cheap.
164
441245
3693
土地便宜嘛
07:36
We had also not required developers
165
444938
2566
我們也很久沒要求開發商
07:39
to build sidewalks on new developments
for a long, long time.
for a long, long time.
166
447504
2495
在新的建設上設人行道
07:41
We had fixed that, but it had been relatively recently,
167
449999
2413
我們也在近期解決了此問題
07:44
and there were literally 100,000
168
452412
2394
有10萬或更多的房子
07:46
or more homes into our inventory
169
454806
2676
在我們的編制中
07:49
in neighborhoods that had
virtually no level of walkability.
virtually no level of walkability.
170
457482
6078
包括根本沒有可步行性的社區
07:57
And as I tried to examine
171
465864
2254
在我試著審視
08:00
how we might deal with obesity,
172
468118
1973
如何解決過胖的問題
08:02
and was taking all of these elements into my mind,
173
470091
1884
納入各種考量因素後
08:03
I decided that the first thing we need to do
174
471975
3414
我決定該優先處理的
08:07
was have a conversation.
175
475389
2120
就是我們需要好好的談一談
08:09
You see, in Oklahoma City,
176
477509
1959
因為在俄克拉荷馬市
08:11
we weren't talking about obesity.
177
479468
2781
我們都不談論過胖的問題
08:14
And so, on New Year's Eve of 2007,
178
482249
5011
所以在2007年的除夕
08:19
I went to the zoo,
179
487260
2039
我去到動物園
08:21
and I stood in front of the elephants,
180
489299
2421
站在大象的前面
08:23
and I said, "This city is going on a diet,
181
491720
3863
然後說: 「這個城市要開始減重了，
08:27
and we're going to lose a million pounds."
182
495583
3619
我們要甩掉100萬磅。」
08:31
Well, that's when all hell broke loose.
183
499202
1773
這是驚天動地的大事啊
08:32
(Laughter)
184
500975
2778
(笑聲)
08:35
The national media
185
503753
1883
全國媒體的注意力
08:37
gravitated toward this story immediately,
186
505636
4517
瞬間聚焦在這事上
08:42
and they really could have
gone with it one of two ways.
gone with it one of two ways.
187
510153
2859
處理這樣的報導有兩種方向
08:45
They could have said,
188
513012
1531
他們大可說:
08:46
"This city is so fat
189
514543
2142
「這座城市真是胖到
08:48
that the mayor had to put them on a diet."
190
516685
3316
連市長都得強迫他們減肥了。」
08:52
But fortunately, the consensus was,
191
520001
2503
好在媒體都一致報導:
08:54
"Look, this is a problem in a lot of places.
192
522504
2347
「嘿，很多地方也面臨肥胖的問題，
08:56
This is a city that's wanting
to do something about it."
to do something about it."
193
524851
3859
但這座城市願意面對、著手處理這個問題」
09:00
And so they started helping us
194
528710
1970
然後他們開始給予我們協助
09:02
drive traffic to the website.
195
530680
2150
造成網路擁塞
09:04
Now, the web address was
196
532830
1518
網址為:
09:06
thiscityisgoingonadiet.com.
197
534348
4981
thiscityisgoingonadiet.com. (譯:這座城市要減重了)
09:11
And I appeared on "The Ellen DeGeneres Show"
198
539329
3419
後來我出現在「 艾倫•狄珍妮秀 」的脫口秀
09:14
one weekday morning to talk about the initiative,
199
542748
3420
某工作日的早晨要談「都會區域計畫」
09:18
and on that day, 150,000 visits
200
546168
3520
就在那天，創下了15萬訪客
09:21
were placed to our website.
201
549688
1820
登錄這個網站
09:23
People were signing up,
202
551508
1574
人們開始註冊
09:25
and so the pounds started to add up,
203
553082
2846
體重也開始一磅一磅的增添上來
09:27
and the conversation that I thought
204
555928
1607
我認為談肥胖症的重要性
09:29
was so important to have was starting to take place.
205
557535
3764
也開始陸續發生在多種場所
09:33
It was taking place inside the homes,
206
561299
2549
像是在家裡面
09:35
mothers and fathers talking about it with their kids.
207
563848
2577
爸媽會跟孩子談過胖的事
09:38
It was taking place in churches.
208
566425
2661
也開始出現在教會裡
09:41
Churches were starting their own running groups
209
569086
1996
教堂開始組自己的跑步團隊
09:43
and their own support groups
210
571082
1288
和支持團體
09:44
for people who were dealing with obesity.
211
572370
2732
為對抗過胖的人盡一份心力
09:47
Suddenly, it was a topic worth discussing at schools
212
575102
3412
一夕間，過胖成了校園和工作場所
09:50
and in the workplace.
213
578514
1632
值得談論的話題
09:52
And the large companies, they typically have
214
580146
2161
大公司普遍都有提供
09:54
wonderful wellness programs,
215
582307
1596
很棒的員工保健計畫
09:55
but the medium-sized companies
216
583903
1323
但對於中小公司而言
09:57
that typically fall between the cracks
on issues like this,
on issues like this,
217
585226
3085
在這議題上卻力不從心
10:00
they started to get engaged and used our program
218
588311
2701
他們也開始採納我們的健康計畫
10:03
as a model for their own employees
219
591012
1856
給他們的員工做參考
10:04
to try and have contests to see
220
592868
1946
然後藉由試辦比賽
10:06
who might be able to deal with their obesity situation
221
594814
3815
找出誰的方法不僅能夠利已
10:10
in a way that could be proactively
beneficial to others.
beneficial to others.
222
598629
4967
還能在解決過胖的問題中對他人有利
10:15
And then came the next stage of the equation.
223
603596
4621
這就到了計畫裡的下一個階段
10:20
It was time to push what I called MAPS 3.
224
608217
4012
該是推動我稱做「都會區域計畫3」 的時候了
10:24
Now MAPS 3, like the other two programs,
225
612229
2200
就像前兩項計畫一樣
10:26
had had an economic development motive behind it,
226
614429
2664
背後都支撐著經濟發展的動力
10:29
but along with the traditional
economic development tasks
economic development tasks
227
617093
2820
但隨著傳統經濟發展的項目
10:31
like building a new convention center,
228
619913
1762
像建造新的會議中心
10:33
we added some health-related infrastructure
229
621675
2764
我們就在建造的過程中
10:36
to the process.
230
624439
1892
加入一些有益健康的基礎建設
10:38
We added a new central park, 70 acres in size,
231
626331
2745
我們也增添了一座70英畝大的中央公園
10:41
to be right downtown in Oklahoma City.
232
629076
2390
就在俄克拉荷馬市城市商業區
10:43
We're building a downtown streetcar
233
631466
1779
我們也在城市商業區建造有軌電車
10:45
to try and help the walkability formula
234
633245
2248
試著幫助選擇住在內都市的人
10:47
for people who choose to live in the inner city
235
635493
2052
提供更多可行走的方式
10:49
and help us create the density there.
236
637545
3377
進而幫助我們製造人口密集度
10:52
We're building senior health and wellness centers
237
640922
3355
我們正在建造老人健康和保健中心
10:56
throughout the community.
238
644277
1698
遍及整個社區
10:57
We put some investments on the river
239
645975
1688
我們也在河流方面做了投資
10:59
that had originally been invested upon
240
647663
2536
這項投資原本
11:02
in the original MAPS,
241
650199
1680
就列在「都會區域計畫」裡
11:03
and now we are currently in the final stages
242
651879
1944
目前也到了最後一個階段
11:05
of developing the finest venue in the world
243
653823
2651
開發全世界最棒的地點
11:08
for the sports of canoe, kayak and rowing.
244
656474
2816
做為划獨木舟、小皮艇、划船等運動的地方
11:11
We hosted the Olympic trials last spring.
245
659290
1892
去年春天我們為奧林匹克舉辦選拔賽
11:13
We have Olympic-caliber events
coming to Oklahoma City,
coming to Oklahoma City,
246
661182
2404
也有水準高達奧林匹克的比賽項目來到本市舉辦
11:15
and athletes from all over the world moving in,
247
663586
2556
世界各地的運動員也到這進駐
11:18
along with inner city programs
248
666142
1602
內都市的計畫還包括吸引孩子
11:19
to get kids more engaged in these
types of recreational activities
types of recreational activities
249
667744
3950
更加積極參與這類型的娛樂活動
11:23
that are a little bit nontraditional.
250
671694
2800
這些與傳統基礎建設顯得較為不同
11:26
We also, with another initiative that was passed,
251
674494
3726
我們還通過了另一項計劃
11:30
are building hundreds of miles of new sidewalks
252
678220
3843
建造數百英里長的人行道
11:34
throughout the metro area.
253
682063
2399
遍及大都市地區
11:36
We're even going back into some
254
684462
1845
我們甚至回到一些
11:38
inner city situations
255
686307
1495
過去所建造的內都市
11:39
where we had built neighborhoods
256
687802
1714
那時我們建造了社區
11:41
and we had built schools
257
689516
1681
建造了學校
11:43
but we had not connected the two.
258
691197
1926
卻沒為它們之間做聯結
11:45
We had built libraries and
we had built neighborhoods,
we had built neighborhoods,
259
693123
2718
我們也建造了圖書館和社區
11:47
but we had never really connected the two
260
695841
1605
卻也沒幫它們之間做任何
11:49
with any sort of walkability.
261
697446
2424
可步行的連接
11:51
Through yet another funding source,
262
699870
2099
但藉由另一項基金來源
11:53
we're redesigning all of our inner city streets
263
701969
3335
我們正在重新規劃內都市所有的街道
11:57
to be more pedestrian-friendly.
264
705304
1510
讓街道更加便於行人步走
11:58
Our streets were really wide,
265
706814
1877
我們的街道十分的寬廣
12:00
and you'd push the button
to allow you to walk across,
to allow you to walk across,
266
708691
2427
你只要按下按鈕就可過馬路
12:03
and you had to run in order to get there in time.
267
711118
3548
但都得在綠燈內衝忙跑到另一邊
12:06
But now we've narrowed the streets,
268
714666
1908
但我們現在把道路變窄了
12:08
highly landscaped them, making them
more pedestrian-friendly,
more pedestrian-friendly,
269
716574
2908
不僅景觀美化，還變得更適合行人步行
12:11
really a redesign, rethinking the way
270
719482
2467
真的是做到重新設計，重新思考
12:13
we build our infrastructure,
271
721949
1548
我們建造基礎建設的方式
12:15
designing a city around people and not cars.
272
723497
5247
設計城市的出發點不再以車，而是以人
12:20
We're completing our bicycle trail master plan.
273
728744
2121
我們快完成建造自行車道的大計畫了
12:22
We'll have over 100 miles
274
730865
1818
到時後，我們就會有超過100英里的
12:24
when we're through building it out.
275
732683
2792
自行車道了
12:27
And so you see this culture starting to shift
276
735475
3261
所以你正在見證俄克拉荷馬市
12:30
in Oklahoma City.
277
738736
1504
的文化改變
12:32
And lo and behold, the demographic changes
278
740240
2677
人口結構也隨之產生了變化
12:34
that are coming with it are very inspiring.
279
742917
2980
這是件很激勵人心的事
12:37
Highly educated twentysomethings
280
745897
1583
20幾歲受高教育的
12:39
are moving to Oklahoma City from all over the region
281
747480
2060
都在從各地搬到俄克拉荷馬市
12:41
and, indeed, even from further away, in California.
282
749540
4100
有的甚至搬自像加州更遠的地方
12:48
When we reached a million pounds,
283
756715
2336
我們在2012年的1月
12:51
in January of 2012,
284
759051
2301
破一百萬磅大關時
12:53
I flew to New York with some our participants
285
761352
2443
我與成功減重的參賽者飛到紐約
12:55
who had lost over 100 pounds,
286
763795
1530
他們減掉超過100磅
12:57
whose lives had been changed,
287
765325
2285
生命還因此獲得改善
12:59
and we appeared on the Rachael Ray show,
288
767610
2171
在瑞秋雷秀裡出場
13:01
and then that afternoon,
I did a round of media in New York
I did a round of media in New York
289
769781
3407
當天下午我在紐約到處跑媒體
13:05
pushing the same messages
290
773188
2441
不間斷的傳遞同樣的訊息
13:07
that you're accustomed to hearing
about obesity and the dangers of it.
about obesity and the dangers of it.
291
775629
4096
都是你早聽慣有關肥胖症
和其伴隨而來的危險
和其伴隨而來的危險
13:11
And I went into the lobby of Men's Fitness magazine,
292
779725
4981
然後去了男士健身雜誌的接待大廳
13:16
the same magazine that had put us on that list
293
784706
4376
就是這本雜誌在五年前把我們
13:21
five years before.
294
789082
2363
列入擁有過胖人口城市的排名
13:23
And as I'm sitting in the lobby
waiting to talk to the reporter,
waiting to talk to the reporter,
295
791445
2947
就當我坐在大廳裡等著記者採訪時
13:26
I notice there's a magazine copy
296
794402
2384
我注意到有本當期雜誌
13:28
of the current issue right there on the table,
297
796786
2619
放置在桌上
13:31
and I pick it up, and I look at the headline
298
799405
1656
所以我就拿起那本
13:33
across the top, and it says,
299
801061
1765
往標題看，上面寫著:
13:34
"America's Fattest Cities: Do You Live in One?"
300
802826
4681
「美國最多過胖的城市:你住在其中嗎?」
13:39
Well, I knew I did,
301
807507
2145
嗯，我知道我有
13:41
so I picked up the magazine
302
809652
2152
所以我就翻開來
13:43
and I began to look,
303
811804
3011
開始看雜誌
13:46
and we weren't on it.
304
814815
2746
我們沒有出現在排名上
13:49
(Applause)
305
817561
4418
(掌聲)
13:55
Then I looked on the list of fittest cities,
306
823984
2925
然後又看看最健康的城市排名
13:58
and we were on that list.
307
826909
2163
我們就在那排名上
14:01
We were on the list as the 22nd
fittest city in the United States.
fittest city in the United States.
308
829072
3378
我們是美國第22名最健康的城市
14:04
Our state health statistics are doing better.
309
832450
3187
我們的州在健康統計上變得更好
14:07
Granted, we have a long way to go.
310
835637
2112
沒錯，我們仍有一大段路要走
14:09
Health is still not something
311
837749
1139
健康方面確實還不是
14:10
that we should be proud of in Oklahoma City,
312
838888
1537
我們該感到驕傲的事
14:12
but we seem to have turned the cultural shift
313
840425
3783
但我們似乎做到了文化轉變
14:16
of making health a greater priority.
314
844208
3081
讓健康成了優先處理的要事
14:19
And we love the idea of the demographics
315
847289
2843
也為受高教育20幾歲的人口
14:22
of highly educated twentysomethings,
316
850132
1810
帶來的人口結構變化感到欣慰
14:23
people with choices, choosing Oklahoma City
317
851942
1769
大多數有選擇能力的人
14:25
in large numbers.
318
853711
1449
都選擇俄克拉荷馬市
14:27
We have the lowest unemployment
in the United States,
in the United States,
319
855160
2293
我們有全美最低的失業率
14:29
probably the strongest economy in the United States.
320
857453
2872
大概擁有全美最強的經濟
14:32
And if you're like me, at some point
321
860325
1630
若您跟我一樣
14:33
in your educational career,
322
861955
2372
在教育生涯裡
14:36
you were asked to read a book called
323
864327
2217
曾被要求讀那本書
14:38
"The Grapes of Wrath."
324
866544
2845
《憤怒的葡萄》
14:41
Oklahomans leaving for California
325
869389
3034
講的是當年俄克拉荷馬市的人成群結伴
14:44
in large numbers for a better future.
326
872423
2443
為了尋找更好的未來遠去加州
14:46
When we look at the demographic shifts
327
874866
1789
當我們看到從西部移居過來
14:48
of people coming from the west,
328
876655
1160
所造成的人口結構變化
14:49
it appears that what we're seeing now
329
877815
1628
就好像看到
14:51
is the wrath of grapes.
330
879443
2848
「葡萄的憤怒」
14:54
(Laughter)
331
882291
1813
(笑聲)
14:56
(Applause)
332
884104
3065
(掌聲)
14:59
The grandchildren are coming home.
333
887169
4545
我們的孫子也踏上回鄉之旅了
15:03
You've been a great audience and very attentive.
334
891714
1788
你們是很棒的觀眾
15:05
Thank you very much for having me here.
335
893502
2451
十分感謝你們的傾聽
15:07
(Applause)
336
895953
2543
(掌聲)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mick Cornett - MayorMick Cornett is mayor of Oklahoma City, OK.
Why you should listen
The world is noticing Oklahoma City’s renaissance and its mayor, Mick Cornett. His list of awards includes nods for urban design, health, sports and the arts. Newsweek called him one of the five most innovative mayors in the country. London-based World Mayors listed him as the No. 2 mayor in the world, and Governing magazine named him the Public Official of the Year.
Best known for helping Oklahoma City attract an NBA franchise and putting Oklahoma City “on a diet,” Cornett also led the charge to pass MAPS 3, an innovative $800 million investment in parks, urban transit, wellness centers and infrastructure that will dramatically reshape Oklahoma City and enhance the quality of life of its residents.
Mick Cornett | Speaker | TED.com